Purpose Of Economic Development Research Articles

Landscape Design Study of Ancient Stagecoach Road Cultural Bazaar in Qiangang Village, Conghua, China

Qiangang Village in Conghua, Guangzhou, which is rich in humanistic and historical values, as well as rural life style, has in recent years The proposed ancient stagecoach towns have always had an integral part in the development circle of the total construction of the multi-faceted cultural revitalization. However, the regulations in the village the problems of insufficient development experience and single style brought about by insufficient planning are also obvious. The problem of insufficient development experience and single style is also obvious, mainly through the unused land in rural areas. to carry out targeted design and renovation to improve the local living atmosphere through excavation, construction and maintenance of the existing local resources and landscape. The purpose is to increase the popularity of Qiangang's tourism and culture. At the same time, with the ancient stagecoach town through the design of the countryside market, to achieve the promotion of the countryside. the purpose of tourism and economic development, to promote the development of Qiangang Village corresponds to the planning of "cultural trails + ancient village culture style tour". Integration of development.

Examining the factors of interlocal economic development collaboration in rural areas

Understanding collaboration among local governments for economic development has been a significant research topic over the last few decades. However, because much of the literature has focused on urban and metropolitan areas, there is little evidence of the factors that influence collaboration among local governments in rural areas. To address this gap, this study examines interlocal economic development collaboration in three rural regions in West Texas, USA, by using a unique survey dataset of these regions. We employ an exponential hurdle model on a set of factors that are expected to predict the probability of and the extent to which cities in rural areas engage in collaborative activities for economic development purposes. We find that a combination of local business diversity, institutional support, and regional competition has a positive effect on the scope of collaboration among our sample of communities, whereas stronger fiscal capacity and greater economic development challenges decrease the extent of their collaboration.

Marketing Strategies for Internationalization in China’s Higher Education: An Ally or Barrier for Sustainable Development?

In this era of the commodification of higher education, the dominating concept of higher education now is that it functions as a commercial product for the purpose of national economic development. Consequently, the free market rules linked to consumerism seem to rule and shape how higher education should operate. A market-driven strategy may offer a benefit targeting the internationalization of higher education at the cost of sustainable development. This study investigates whether a commercialized strategy in the marketing of internationalized higher education helps or hinders sustainable progress in higher education. Adopting a qualitative method, this paper—the first of its kind in China—aims to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the rationales and current marketing strategies for international students. Here, the goal is to examine whether such strategies promote or hinder the development of sustainable education. The findings revealed that many internationalization marketing strategies may not survive well into the long term, and greater attention should be paid to enhancing the quality of international students and the quality of education they receive, as well as a sustainable higher education system. Institutions of higher education should rebrand themselves by enhancing the quality of what and how they teach, and cultivating competent international human resources.

The Governing Establishment and Groups of Interest: The Echo of the Post-Soviet Reforms

The article analyses the activities of the governing establishment and groups of interest during the period of post-Soviet reforms. The specifics and the peculiarities of the formation of the power vertical in different historical periods that influenced the value system of the governing establishment and interest groups are elicited in the article. The economic policy and, as a result, the emergence of the most influential interest groups are outlined based on the example of the Soviet state reforms. Special attention is given to the role of cultural and geographic factors affecting the interest groups’ behaviour strategies. The scenario of the post-Soviet market reforms in the context of creating the competition-based economy is analysed. The institutional differentiation of private and state interests is justified and substantiated for the purpose of economic development.

Methodology of Development of Social Investment Projects for the Economy: Legal Aspects

Purpose: The purpose of the present academic paper is to analyze the methods, principles and mechanism of legal regulation of social investment activity and to develop priority directions for improving the legislative framework aimed at increasing the effectiveness of investment attraction and achieving social and economic efficiency
 
 Theoretical framework: Conditions of instability require the development of social investment projects. From a legal point of view, it is necessary to reduce the administrative burden and tax pressure in the process of implementing social investment projects. This will allow for attracting investments at the global level and effectively using them at the national level for the purpose of economic development. In order to attract investors in the long term, it is necessary to reorient the tax system towards a liberal approach and optimize investment mechanisms.
 
 Design/methodology/approach: To achieve the goal set, the research was conducted by applying analysis, comparison, optimization, and modeling methods.
 
 Findings: The primary task is the analysis of social investment opportunities and the actualization of social investment information support, as well as the support of already existing social investment projects and programs. Improving the legal framework and introducing changes taking into account the instability of the external environment are separate directions of state regulation of social investment activities.
 
 Research, Practical & Social implications: One of the areas identified in the academic paper is the necessity of creating a comprehensive strategic plan for the legal regulation of social investment activity.
 
 Originality/value: This project will make it possible to implement effective legal mechanisms for regulating social investment activities, reduce the tax burden and contribute to ensuring the country’s investment attractiveness at the international level. As a result, the goal of increasing the inflow of investments and providing effective adjustment to the unstable external environment will be achieved.

FOREIGN ECONOMIC STRATEGIC PRIORITIES OF UKRAINE

The paper is devoted to the analysis of modern foreign economic strategic priorities of Ukraine, features of their implementation in the context of the key purposes of economic development of the country. Emphasis is placed on the need to use modern tools to support domestic producers and limit import expansion in the context of the formation of a new export strategy of Ukraine. Ukraine is a small open economy that makes extensive use of external factors of economic development both in the context of markets for its products, especially the agricultural sector, and attracting important resources of critical imports, including oil and natural gas, electronic equipment and more. From this point of view, the analysis has revealed the role and importance of two key players in the world market – the United States and China – in ensuring Ukraine’s external economic balance. The paper empirically examines the dependence of certain macroeconomic indicators of Ukraine on similar indicators of the United States and China (the so-called ‘large’ and systemically important economies for Ukraine). Vector autoregression models were used as a research tool to explore the dynamic interdependencies between macroeconomic indicators in the case of explaining their present values by the previous ones. For this purpose, percentage changes in gross domestic product and consumer price index compared to the corresponding period of the previous year for the USA, China and Ukraine were selected. As a result of the research, impulse-response functions from ‘large’ economies showed the dependence of indicators that characterise economic development in Ukraine from them and their long-term absorption, both in the context of economic growth in these countries and inflation imports from abroad. Moreover, it should be noted that the influence of China is more significant than that of the United States, especially if we consider the impact of fluctuations in the consumer price index in China on economic growth and inflation in Ukraine. This necessitates further research on this issue in line with the formation of scientifically sound foreign economic strategy and policy of Ukraine. The impact of economic growth in the United States and China on Ukraine’s GDP fluctuations is positive and almost the same (peaking in the second quarter and gradual levelling over two years). In turn, the variance decomposition of forecast errors for Ukraine’s GDP shows that in the long run about 52% of its variability result from modelled external factors, which in our opinion is due to significant openness of Ukraine’s economy and, consequently, ‘large’ economies. Finally, paper emphasizes the need to assess their international economic policy to minimize risks in the implementation of the country’s foreign economic strategy.

The Impact of Open Data Implementation on Entrepreneurship Ability in Sub-Saharan Africa

This article conducts an experimental investigation on the impact of national open data implementation (ODI) on entrepreneurship ability in sub-Saharan Africa based on epistemological predispositions. With the commitment of 150 countries and organization to open data, this study is founded on the theory of planned behavior that behavioral intention can be induced by background variable categorized as personal, social, and informational. In a bid to validate the informational impact, this study is aimed at determining how much of entrepreneurship ability (EAB) is explained by open data implementation (ODI) in sub-Saharan Africa. This study analyzes secondary data from 22 sub-Saharan African countries, using regression analysis. Result shows that open data implementation has a negative nonsignificant impact on entrepreneurship ability in the continent. It is no surprise that Open Data Barometer (ODB), which is the official open data assessing body, posits that there is need for improved open data implementation in sub-Saharan Africa for economic development purposes. Therefore, this study recommends further research on open data implementation as a national data governance initiative to identify opportunities for entrepreneurial impact in sub-Saharan Africa similar to those observed in Europe and other parts of the world. The findings have implications for policymakers and stakeholders seeking leverage to improve entrepreneurship in sub-Saharan Africa through open data implementation.

Investment process and the ways to reduce the duration of investment construction projects

The urgent task of the state is to intensify investment activities and significantly increase the volume of investments.
 The general legal, economic and social conditions of investment activity on the territory of Ukraine are defined by the Law of Ukraine "On Investment Activity", which is aimed at ensuring equal protection of the rights, interests and property of subjects of investment activity regardless of the forms of ownership, as well as at effective investment of the economy of Ukraine. development of international economic cooperation and integration.
 The investment process means constant and growing investment of capital in material production for the purpose of successful social and economic development of Ukraine. For construction, the investment process means the creation of specific objects (or their complexes) for production and non-production purposes in the interests of specific investors (investor). The investment process consists of the implementation of separate investment construction projects (ICP). Each ICP is characterized by the duration of the life (or investment) cycle, which is measured by the interval of calendar time from the date of making the investment decision to the moment when the project goal is achieved. There are three stages of this cycle: justification of the idea and planning of investment, development of funds, reimbursement of invested funds or achievement of the project goal.
 The article examines the main, key procedures of each stage, which emphasize the importance of solving the financing issue, since the full set of procedures depends on the scope of the project. Reducing the duration of the investment cycle of a construction project depends on the intensification of each of its stages. The main factors affecting the reduction of the duration of each stage of the investment cycle of the construction project are given.
 The results of the conducted research should be taken into account in the further improvement of the legislative acts of Ukraine in order to activate investment activities and significantly increase the volume of investments in Ukraine.

Social Justice Ensures Sustainable Development in Vietnam

The issue of social justice is a fundamental issue of each era and has a great topical significance because it is posed together with human existence, associated with dreams and aspirations towards a nice and happy life. After all, the goal of economic growth is to serve people, the subject of development, fairly and progressively. Because "Humans, ultimately mastering their social existence, are also thereby mastering nature, mastering themselves, and becoming a free man" (Marx & Engels, 1995, p.333). It is further confirmed in the United Nations Human Development Report (1995) when it says: "what does development mean without regard to human life?". The purpose of economic development, after all, is only a means to serve human development. It is people who create conditions, seize opportunities, and turn them into a driving force to realize their development goals, which in turn will promote socio-economic development. In the process of international integration, Vietnam has actively implemented policies to achieve social justice and has achieved certain results, contributing to improving the living standards of all people. Certain limitations need to be addressed to realize social justice in all of social life. The article analyzes the viewpoints and practices of implementing social justice in Vietnam, thereby proposing solutions to effectively implement social justice in Vietnam today.
 
 Received: 6 December 2022 / Accepted: 25 February 2023 / Published: 5 March 2023

SOCIAL JUSTICE IN VIETNAM: REALITY AND SOLUTIONS

The issue of social justice is a fundamental issue of each era and has a great topical significance because it is posed together with human existence, associated with dreams and aspirations towards a nice and happy life. After all, the goal of economic growth is to serve people, the subject of development, fairly and progressively. Because, "Humans, ultimately mastering their social existence, are also thereby mastering nature, mastering themselves, and becoming a free man" (Marx & Engels, 1995, p.333). It is further confirmed in the United Nations Human Development Report (1995) when it says: “what does development mean without regard to human life?”.The purpose of economic development, after all, is only a means to serve human development. It is people who create conditions, seize opportunities, and turn them into a driving force to realize their development goals, which in turn will promote socio-economic development. In the process of international integration, Vietnam has actively implemented policies to achieve social justice and has achieved certain results, contributing to improving the living standards of all people. There are certain limitations that need to beaddressed to realize social justice in all of social life. The article analyzes the viewpoints and practices of implementing social justice in Vietnam, thereby proposing solutions to effectively implement social justice in Vietnam today.

ПЕРЕСЕЛЕНЧЕСКОЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЕ И СОПС О «РАЦИОНАЛИЗАЦИИ ПРИРОДОПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ» ПРИ ОСВОЕНИИ СИБИРИ (1900–1910-е и 1970–1980-е гг.)

The article analyzes the approaches to nature management of two departments responsible for the development of Siberia in the Russian Empire and the USSR: the Resettlement Administration and the Council for the Study of Productive Forces (Sovet po izucheniyu proizvoditel’nyh sil — SOPS). Both structures were established in the late imperial period, carried out practice-oriented research on the outskirts for the purpose of economic planning and development of Asian regions, and then, to varying degrees, were integrated into the Soviet system. Comparison of the views of the experts from these two structures makes it possible to reveal the peculiarities of understanding the problems of nature management in the late imperial and late Soviet periods, the development of Asian regions, continuity and gaps between the two regimes. Studying the approaches of the Resettlement Administration and SOPS to nature management demonstrates that the development of Siberia was a way to build not only a new society, but also new approaches to the interaction between society and the environment. The article concludes that the goals of the experts of the Resettlement Administration and SOPS were not purely commercial in nature, their expertise contributed to the solution of political, social, environmental issues, such as the shortage of land in the European part of the Russian Empire; the danger of transferring this problem to the east; dependence on resource exports; uneven distribution of hazardous industries and the associated with it excessive concentration of pollution in industrialized regions. Thus, the deconcentration of the population and industries and their more even distribution, according to the experts, would not only contribute to the development of regions on the periphery, but also weaken environmental problems in the center.

ПРИРОДНЫЕ УСЛОВИЯ И РЕЛЬЕФ ДНА ЗАЛИВА АКАДЕМИИ (ОХОТСКОЕ МОРЕ)

A comprehensive analysis of the field data and findings from previous studies made it possible to refine the bottom morphology of the Academy Bay. Environmental conditions of the Shantar region were considered. Natural factors that determine differences in morphodynamics of individual parts of the Academy Bay were revealed. The relief and relief-forming processes were described. Denudation and alongshore sediment transport were found to predominate. The accumulation of recent sediments is confined to the heads of bays and estuaries. Differences were revealed in the distribution of minor relief features and the composition of bottom sediments in parts of the Ulban, Konstantin, and Nikolai bays, which was predetermined by a complex system of sea currents. Fluvial erosion was found to occur as both linear - valley and isometric depressions that are more widespread in the Academy Bay and larger in size than in the earlier studied Tugur and Uda bays. The morphodynamic zone distribution of the bay bottom yielded four zones differing in manifestations of present-day exomorphogenesis. Their description is presented. Findings of the research can be used for follow-up studies and for the purposes of economic development of the region.

Terrorism as a Threat for Economic Development in Nigeria

Islam condemn terrorism and rejects all its kinds, it legalized trade and investment as a way of earning halal. The activities of Boko Haram sect become a major challenge to the Nigerian government in recent times; it had led to loss of lives and properties in the country especially in Northern Nigeria. Some of these activities include bombings, suicide, random shooting, burning of police stations, government offices and places of worship, kidnapping of school girls and innocent people, raping, armed robbery, political crises, murder, destruction of communication facilities alongside the attacks carried out by Herdsmen on some communities in the northern part of the country. Many lives and properties have been lost and a large number of citizens rendered homeless, many women are now widows, children become orphans with no hope of the future. Government had made uptight efforts to tackle these challenges posed by terrorism in the region and put an end to it but the rate of insurgency and insecurity is still disquieting. This work is therefore investigated the challenges of terrorism as a major threat on economic development in Nigeria. The scope of this study is limited on impact of terrorism on economic development in Northern Nigeria between 2000-2017. Data used was sourced from interview with related people, newspapers and related journal articles by using historical and analytical methods, the results showed that terrorism impacts negatively on economic development in Northern Nigeria, it has made government to divert resources meant for economic development purposes to security votes, expenditure made by government on security matters had positively impacted on region’s economic development. It is therefore recommended that government must be pre-emptive in dealing with security threats in view of managing security challenges. The government should accelerate the rapidity of economic growth by creating an economy with a relevant economic and physical infrastructure to support business and industrial growth, the government should remain committed and declare war on terrorism and seek assistance/advice from international communities who have in the past faced this kind of challenge and were able to tackle it, grazing grounds and ranches should be built in the region for herdsmen who rear cattle, relevant security agencies should be well train and liaised with international security experts for gaining modern tactics on fighting terrorism, religious leaders, governments, business associations and NGOs should increase their efforts on enlightment, awareness, education and sensitization campaign on the effects of terrorism on social and economic development in the region.

الاستثمار في عملة البتكوين

ABSTRACT
 Rachmat Murdani Mursal: "Investment in cryptocurrencies, Bitcoin as a model (a jurisprudential-analytical study)"
 Dealing with encrypted digital currencies is one of the contemporary issues in financial transactions, and one of the most important forms of dealing with these currencies is investing in Bitcoin. Many people invest their money in this field without knowing the risks that will affect them, as well as knowing the provisions related to it. This research aims to know the Shariah ruling on investing in the Bitcoin currency, its method, and its implications.
 In writing this research, the researcher took a descriptive and analytical approach, and the researcher found that investing in the bitcoin currency is not without notes and legal prohibitions, including: that investing in this currency did not meet the legal controls for investment, where there is deception, ignorance, risk, and harm, It was not compatible with the purposes of investment, such as: the purpose of saving and developing money, and the purpose of economic and social development. Investment in this currency has had very dangerous effects, such as monetary instability, tax evasion, and a decline in productive investments.
 The researcher recommends government agencies to address this currency (Bitcoin) and its sisters, and to establish a legal regulation that shows its issuance, the field of dealing with it, and its trading mechanisms. The researcher also recommends the Central Bank to work on issuing an official encrypted currency that is fully compatible with the purposes and controls of Islamic law.
 
 Keywords: investment, cryptocurrency, bitcoin

Construction of a Multidimensional Indicator System for the Well-Being of Rural Residents

The report of the 19th Party Congress points out that “the fundamental purpose of economic development is to enhance the well-being of the people”. As a large country with 800 million rural residents, improving the well-being of China’s rural residents is an important means of enhancing the well-being of the population, which has become a top priority for Chinese government. At the same time, the development of the digital economy is accelerating its penetration into rural areas, changing the lifestyles and behaviors of rural residents and affecting their well-being. Based on this, the construction of a multi-dimensional indicator system for the well-being of rural residents from the perspective of the digital economy is important for the in-depth study of the relationship between the development of the digital economy and the well-being of rural residents and the formulation of future well-being policies.

Introduction to Special issue

Introduction to Special issue

Implications of Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: a case of India’s exports to European Union

Globalization has integrated national and regional economies into a single vast global economy opening up several prospects of growth and dynamic development, largely because of increased opportunities for international trade (Surugiu, et al. 2015). Now governments around the world have liberalized their trade and financial markets, resulting in intensified flow of goods, capital and services within countries, providing economic benefits. However, this has also resulted in degrading of Earth’s environment. The situation has become so grim, that the occurrence of climate-induced natural hazards is now a frequent event. Carbon neutrality (or net zero emission) has been proposed as a solution to anthropogenic climate change and more countries are committing to reach carbon neutrality by the middle of this century. An example of these is the European Union (EU), which wants to become the first region in the world to commit to net zero emissions by 2050. Its carbon neutrality strategy document, ‘European Union Green Deal (EUGD)’, along with other provisions includes taxing imported goods based on carbon embodied in production, known as Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM). The CBAM suggests taxing the difference between carbon embodied in domestically produced and imported goods. The adjustment mechanism is based on the idea that a price on carbon consumption will encourage countries to adopt cleaner technologies in production process, along with avoiding carbon leakages to other countries with relaxed environmental standards. This paper tries to understand the concept, rationale, proposed working and discussions around CBAM. It also tries to examine the possible effect of CBAM on carbon intensive and trade exposed (CITE) sectors in India. The paper concludes that iron and steel will be the sectors most affected from CBAM in India and suggests that India and EU must harness increased international cooperation (through Free Trade Agreement) to fulfill twin purposes of economic development and environmental conservation.

Accelerator niches in an emerging entrepreneurial ecosystem: New York city

Although the literature on accelerators, an important and newer model of entrepreneurial support, considers their performance and the definition of the form, little is known about how accelerators populate in a single ecosystem over time. We find accelerators are established by different types of entities such as non-profit organizations, local governments, universities, and even foreign government agencies with different goals. Based on a novel dataset of all 107 accelerator programs that ever operated in New York City, we propose a new way of categorizing accelerators by their founding attributes. We confirm that the emergence of accelerators in New York City started with the entry of non-profit accelerators for the purpose of local economic development. For-profit actors followed. Accelerators began from the periphery of the city’s geographic boundaries, but over time became concentrated in Manhattan. We also observe a shift toward sector specialization. Our contributions are to examine the development of one entrepreneurial support organization over time in one ecosystem, present a method to categorize accelerators based on their sub-niches, and to provide evidence of a catalyzing role of local government in fostering ecosystem emergence.

Land Compensation and Policy Enforcement in Vietnam: A Case Study in Danang

Abstract The land is a natural resource which is rich in diversity, and its value tends to increase over time. Therefore, compensation in cases when the State acquires land, is an issue of concern. Using data from 100 surveyed households and ten interviews (including 5 houesholds indirectly affected by land acquisition, 3 relevant experts, and 2 village headmen) in Da Nang, the article aims to answer two research questions: (1) assessment of landless households on land compensation policy, and (2) an assessment of outstanding issues in this policy in Vietnam. The results show that the local government has strictly followed the regulations and procedures of the State on land acquisition and compensation for economic development purposes under the 2013 Land Law. However, affected people feel dissatisfied with what they had received when they lost land. The first reason is the significant difference between the compensation prices households received and the market price, as determined by a real estate broker. Second, concerns about the future arise when a family’s means of production are acquired by the state. In addition, the policy also lacks support measures for households located in affected areas. These shortcomings lead to dissatisfaction among families.

Prediction Algorithm of Labor Employment Capacity and Structure Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm

As a general economic resource or capital, labor plays a vital role in the development of a country. The improvement of people’s living standards is the fundamental purpose of economic development. The economic development of a country is impossible from the support of the labor force. The supply and support of the labor force will directly affect the normal operation of a country’s economy. Since the reforms are opening up, China has made remarkable achievements in rapid economic development, but some new problems have gradually emerged in the labor market. On the one hand, important changes have taken place in the supply and demand situation of the labor market. The labor shortage crisis has started to spread across the country. With the increase of labor costs of enterprises and the adjustment of industrial structure, the problems of employment in the labor market such as large-scale layoffs and reduction of labor have become more prominent. On the other hand, the population’s age structure is gradually changing. China is about to enter an aging society in the future. This means that the proportion of old people towards youngsters will increase. At that time, China’s huge population size will likely evolve from a booster of economic growth to a burden on the economy. Therefore, the labor structure needs to be optimized urgently. Deepening the reforms requires China to transform its growth model and develop knowledge-intensive industries. It requires optimizing the capacity and structure of the labor market and improving the quality of the labor force. Measuring the total workforce in the future is an important prerequisite for addressing various challenges in the new situation. A genetic algorithm is a computational model of the biological evolution process that simulates the natural selection and genetic mechanism of Darwin’s theory of biological evolution. This is a technique of modeling the natural evolution process to get the best solution. In data mining, genetic algorithm has been widely used around the world. It is an important development direction to use them to effectively mine and predict data. Based on the changes in the age structure of the population, this paper will use an improved genetic algorithm. This algorithm will calculate the total labor supply and structural changes in China in the next few years. This study will provide a reference for the formulation of China’s macroeconomic and population policies.