Pure Polyps Research Articles

Biotechnological production of food-grade polyphosphate from deoiled seeds and bran

Agricultural products, have a high phytate content that has a hidden potential as a renewable source of phosphate. We present the first biotechnological route for the production of food-grade, organic polyphosphate (polyP) from deoiled seeds or bran, included in a vision for a circular phosphorus economy. The three-step production process includes phosphorus mobilization (e.g., 37 mg PO43−/g bran) using phytase enzymes. Non-genetically modified phosphate starved Saccharomyces cerevisiae is then fed with soluble P-extracts. The yeast intracellularly polymerizes the phosphate to polyP (≥ 30% mol polyP in yeast per mol PO43− in medium) and polyP-rich yeast extract or pure polyP is purified from the biomass. We demonstrate that the obtained polyP-rich yeast extract is an excellent green surrogate for polyP from fossil P-sources in meat manufacturing. The valorization of phytate–P while producing P-depleted biomass as a demanded feed in livestock production is shown. Our sustainable process enables the production of food-grade polyP from renewable resources and is contributing to the sustainable management of the dwindling nutrient phosphorus.

Inorganic polyphosphate in platelet rich plasma accelerates re-epithelialization invitro and invivo.

Wound healing requires well-coordinated events including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Delays in any of these stages leads to chronic wounds, infections, and hypertrophic scarring. Burn wounds are particularly problematic, and may require intervention to ensure timely progression to reduce morbidity and mortality. To accelerate burn wound healing, Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP)1 can be of value, since platelets release growth factor proteins and inorganic polyphosphates (polyP) that may be integral to wound healing. We used polyP-depleted keratinocyte (HaCaT) and fibroblast cell culture models to determine cell proliferation and scratch-wound repair to determine if polyP, platelet lysate, or combined treatment could accelerate wound healing. While polyP and PRP significantly reduced the open scratch-wound area in fibroblasts and keratinocytes, polyP had no effect on keratinocyte or fibroblast proliferation. PRP was also evaluated as a treatment in a murine model of full thickness wound healing in vivo, including a treatment in which PRP was supplemented with purified polyP. PRP induced significantly more rapid re-epithelialization by Day 3. Pure polyP enhanced the effects of PRP on epithelial tongues, which were significantly elongated in the PRP + high-dose polyP treatment groups compared to PRP alone. Thus, PRP and polyP may serve as an effective therapeutic combination for treating wounds.

Correlation between sentinel polyps and proximal colon carcinoma and analysis of its clinical features

Objective To explore the clinical features of sentinel polyps (rectal polyps with proximal colon carcinoma) and its correlation with proximal colon carcinoma. Methods From January 2011 to June 2015, the clinical features of 331 hospitalized patients with rectal polyps were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether the patient with colon carcinoma, the clinical data of rectal polyps patients were divided into pure polyps group (n=294) and sentinel polyps group (n=37). The characteristics under endoscopy, clinical pathological features, treatment and prognosis of two groups were observed. Results The positive rate of tumor marker of sentinel polyps group was higher (67.6 %, 25/37) than that of pure polyps group (6.8 %, 20/294; χ2=32.174, P 5, 43.2% (16/37) vs 11.6 % (34/294)] and adenomatous polyp [83.8 % (31/37) vs 35.7 % (105/294)] (χ2=10.863, 15.686, and 22.653, P<0.01). Majority of the proximal colon carcinoma with rectal polyps was papillary adenoearcinoma and tubular adenocarcinoma which was account for 75.7 % (28/37); Duke A, 29.7% (11/37), Duke B, 29.7%(11/37), Duke C, 24.3% (9/37) and Duke D, 16.2% (6/37). 96.6 % (282/294) of patients with pure polyps underwent endoscopic treatment and all of them were cured and discharged. 40.5% (15/37) of patients of sentinel polyps group accepted the radical operation and 24.3% (9/37) received endoscopic submucosal dissection. Conclusions If multiple, maximum diameter over 1 cm and adenomatous rectal polyps were detected under colon endoscope, the possibility of carcinogenesis of the polyps or the proximal colon should be aware. The patient should be followed up in short-term and complete the whole colon examination. Key words: Intestinal polyps/CO; Colonic neoplasms/CO

Correlation between sentinel polyps and proximal colon carcinoma and analysis of its clinical features

Objective To explore the clinical features of sentinel polyps (rectal polyps with proximal colon carcinoma) and its correlation with proximal colon carcinoma. Methods From January 2003 to December 2013, the clinical features of 963 hospitalized patients with rectal polyps were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether the patient with colon carcinoma, the clinical data of rectal polyps patients were divided into pure polyps group (n=855) and sentinel polyps group (n=108). The characteristics under endoscopy, clinical pathological features, treatment and prognosis of the two groups were observed. Chi square test was performed for differences comparison between groups. Results The length of stay in hospital of 963 patients was from four to 33 days, the average age was (49.7±9.4) years, and the majority of the patients were male (n=610, 63.3%). A total of 785 patients (81.5%) had non-specific abdominal symptoms, such as frequency or habit change of defecation, hematochezia, abdominal pain, abdominal distension. The relatives within three generation of 78 patients (8.1%) were diagnosed with tumor and some relatives of the patients diagnosed with familial adenomatous polyposis (2.2%, 21/963). The positive rate of tumor marker of sentinel polyps group was higher (69.4%, 75/108) than that of pure polyps group (6.8%, 58/855; χ2=316.285, P 5, 38.9%(42/108) vs 11.8%(101/855)) and adenomatous polyp (83.3%(90/108) vs 35.6%(304/855), χ2=7.752, 55.595 and 90.544, all P<0.01). Majority of the proximal colon carcinoma with rectal polyps was papillary adenocarcinoma and tubular adenocarcinoma which was account for 75.9%(82/108). Some were mucinous carcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma. Most of the proximal colon carcinoma with rectal polys did not penetrate the serosa layer (Duk A+ Duk B, 59.3%, 64/108) and with little distant metastasis (Duke D, 17.6%, 19/108). Ninty-five point six percent (817/855) of patients with pure polyps underwent endoscopic treatment and all of them were cured and discharged. Forty-one point seven percent (45/108) of patients of sentinel polyps group accepted the radical operation and 19.4%(21/108) received endoscopic submucosal dissection. Conclusions If multiple, maximum diameter over 1 cm and adenomatous rectal polyps were detected under colon endoscope, the possibility of carcinogenesis of the polyps or the proximal colon should be awared. If the endoscope is difficult to go further or the patient can not tolerate the whole colon examination, the patient should be followed up in short-term and complete the whole colon examination. Key words: Sentinel polyp; Rectal polyp; Colonic neoplasms; Colonoscopes

Primary carcinoma of the duodenum.

Sixty-six patients with primary adenocarcinomas of the duodenum recorded by the Swedish Cancer Register during 1958-1973 are reviewed. The mean age was 66 years, and female:male ratio 1.2:1.0. The predominant symptom was duodenal obstruction. Correct diagnosis was made in 68% by conventional barium meal examination. Hypoton duodenography and duodenoscopy are necessary diagnostic aids. In 25% of the patients the diagnosis was first made at postmortem examination. Thirty-two patients had metastases at first diagnosis. Forty-three per cent were radically operated and 43% palliatively. The operative mortality after curative operations was 25% with no difference correlated to operative methods with the exception of pure polyp extirpation where no patient died. The overall one-year survival was 67% and five-year 18%. There was a tendency for longer survival time for patients with more distally situated carcinomas. Duodenopancreatectomy gave a longer survival time than duodenal resection.