Purchasing System Research Articles

MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS THE RELATIONSHIP MERCHANT MIDDLEMENT TO SUPPLIER AND CUSTOMER PEPPER IN MERANCANG ILIR VILLAGE, EAST BORNEO, INDONESIA

The purpose of this study was to: 1) Describe the status and role of middlement in the trade and marketing of pepper, 2) Describes the purchasing system is being run, 3) Describes how to set the price, 4) Explaining SRM and CRM performed by middlement in maintaining a relationship with supplier and customer. This research used qualitative that have descriptive explanation characteristic. The researcher used participant-observation (participant observation), interviews and photos as the tools of collecting data. The determination participants and key informant for this research used snowball sampling techniques, with one participant and four key informants. This research used qualitative data that have descriptive explanation characteristic, are analyzed descriptively. The results of this study indicate that: 1) Status as a peppers collector in the pepper trading and marketing activities was the person who runs three roles at once, 2) Purchasing system was done by the collectors by collecting and looking for pepper from farmers (suppliers) to be purchased in accordance with market prices, and payment usually by giving cash advance prior to the harvest or by paid upon trading activities are taking place, 3) The system in pricing is applied and executed by an intermediary trader, namely the Mark-Up Pricing Method, amounting to IDR 2,000.00/kg pepper from the price given to customers, 4) The relationship management of supplier and customer who performed by collectors consist of: CRM activity (real relationship with customers and customer satisfaction), and SRM (commitment, communication, honestly, discussion, and sharing of information).

The Influence of Brand Image, Product Quality, Promotion, and Purchasing System on Purchasing Decisions (Honda Automatic Motorcycle Purchase Decision in Yogyakarta City)

This study aims to analyze brand image, product quality, promotion, and purchasing system on purchasing decisions of Honda automatic motorcycles in the city of Yogyakarta. The population in this study were all users of Honda automatic motorcycles in the city of Yogyakarta. The sample in the study was 150 respondents. This study uses a quantitative approach. The data collection method uses a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. The data analysis technique used to answer the hypothesis is multiple linear regression T test and F test. The results of this study indicate that brand image has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, product quality has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, promotion has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, purchasing systems have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions and show that brand image, product quality, promotion and purchasing systems have a simultaneous effect on purchasing decisions. The R square value of 0.659 indicates that the ability of the independent variable to explain the variation of the dependent variable is 65.9% and the remaining 34.1% is explained by variables outside the research model..

Evaluation of Control Activities in the Inventory Purchasing System (Case Study at PT. GSI)

Purchasing inventory is a critical aspect of the production process in any company. PT GSI conducts purchasing from suppliers to meet its production needs. This research aims to evaluate the control activities of the inventory purchasing system implemented at PT GSI. Using a qualitative approach, interviews were conducted with relevant departments to gather data. The study evaluates the system based on the COSO framework, which revealed several inconsistencies. A significant finding is that there is no adequate separation of duties at PT GSI, with administrative and financial tasks often handled by the same staff. Additionally, there is a lack of access control to the system, as tasks are still performed manually without sufficient safeguards. The research suggests that improvements are needed in terms of task separation and system access control to align with COSO standards. Implementing these improvements would help PT GSI minimize risks such as fraud and operational inefficiencies. Moreover, operational control would be better facilitated, ensuring smoother processes without interruptions. This study emphasizes the importance of internal control systems, especially in purchasing operations, to prevent potential financial and reputational losses. Ensuring compliance with COSO and other industry standards would enhance the company's overall operational effectiveness.

Analysis of the Implementation of As-Salam Contract in White Garlic Purchase Transactions between Retailers and Distributors: Case Study White Garlic Industry Supply Chain in Medan City

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the application of the As Salam contract in the purchasing system of garlic between retail traders and importers in Medan, Indonesia. Research Methodology: The research utilizes a qualitative approach, employing observation and structured interviews with key participants in the garlic trading industry. The instruments include interview guides and observational checklists to gather detailed insights into the contract negotiation and execution process. Results: The findings indicate that the trading practice involves detailed contract agreements, including specific terms on quantity, quality, and delivery schedules. The principles of the As Salam contract are strictly adhered to, ensuring clarity and minimizing the potential for disputes. Prepayment is an integral part of the contract, facilitating efficient stock planning and delivery logistics. Limitations: The study is limited to the garlic trade within the Medan region, which may restrict the broader applicability of the findings to other commodities or regions. Contribution: This research contributes to the discipline of Islamic economics by providing practical insights into the implementation of As Salam contracts in commodity trading, offering a model for ensuring fairness and transparency in accordance with Islamic law.

Rancangan Sistem Informasi Penjualan Furniture pada Toko Mebel Pondok Baru Berbasis Web

Pondok Baru Furniture Store located in Makamhaji Kartasura is a business that operates in the field of manufacturing and selling furniture. There are problems in managing sales transaction data, stock of goods, and sales reports which still use manual methods, sometimes resulting in errors in recording. The current purchasing system which requires coming to the shop to see and buy the products being sold is very troublesome. And consumers want to know about the products being sold without having to come to the shop directly. Therefore, researchers created a web-based sales information system to overcome this problem. The method used in system development is the prototype method with data collection through interviews. The result is a web sales information system design that makes it easier for buyers to access products offered anywhere and carry out purchase transactions online. This system design is expected to produce more accurate data in processing sales data and sales reports.

Analysis of the Impact of Luxury Marketing Methods on Customer Consumption Psychology

Our research object is Herms, a world-renowned luxury brand, especially its brand strategy, distribution and purchase system, and the psychological characteristics of brand consumers. We use a variety of research methods for analysis, including an in-depth study of Herms' brand history, product lines, and marketing strategies through literature. Using the 4P marketing theory model of product, price, location and promotion, it makes a comprehensive analysis of Hermes' marketing strategy. Finally, a questionnaire about Hermes consumers was used to conduct detailed data analysis and interpretation. It is found that the success of Hermes is largely due to its unique brand strategy and marketing strategy. Although the distribution system is controversial, for Herms, its existence is exactly in line with its brand positioning, and it has successfully attracted some wealthy consumers who are willing to pay for luxury experiences.

Perancangan Aplikasi Penjualan Furniture Berbasis Android

Furniture has high added value and significant global competitiveness, largely due to the diversity of natural raw materials available in Indonesia, such as wood, rattan, and bamboo, as well as distinctive and high-quality designs. This advantage is supported by the skills and competence of the available human resources, making Indonesian furniture superior to products from other countries. Product quality is a key element in winning market competition, as it impacts customer satisfaction and loyalty. Masnur Joglo, a furniture company located on Jl. Muara Karya, specializes in producing various types of furniture from high-quality woods such as super mahogany and red teak. However, the purchasing system, which requires customers to visit the store directly and manually record prices, results in inefficiencies in terms of time and transportation costs. Customers often need to visit multiple stores to find the desired product, which is an inefficient process. To address these challenges, this study proposes the development of an Android-based sales application as a solution. This application is designed to expand Masnur Joglo's market reach and facilitate online ordering of furniture products, anytime and anywhere. The study aims to design and develop an Android-based sales information system that can enhance operational efficiency and streamline the sales process while better meeting customer needs. The application development method employs the waterfall model and uses MySQL and Firebase databases.

The vacated space of volume/price of the drugs centralized procurement with quantity in secondary and above public hospitals of China

BackgroundIn 2018, the National Centralized Drug Procurement (NCDP) policy has been implemented in 11 provinces, and promoted across the country in 2019. The main feature of the policy is “volume for price”, therefore, it is necessary to measure the price relationship, not only to reduce the price of drugs, reduce the burden of patients' medical costs, but also facilitate pharmaceutical companies to access enough innovation incentives. The aim of this study was to assess the vacated space effect of the drug centralized procurement by national organizations in exchange of price for quantity.MethodsA difference-in-differences (DID) model was employed to analyze the effect of the 4 + 7 pilot drugs centralized purchasing policy on drug sales volume and selected versus clinically substitutable unselected varieties, using observational data from 2018 to 2019. We compared drug procurement data between secondary and above public hospitals in pilot and non-pilot cities throughout China.ResultsThe study showed that the average treatment effect (ATE) of sales in the in-hospital market for the selected supply varieties in centralized purchasing is -0.42, and with a sales volume of 0.49. This indicates a volume-price vacated space of 1.16 ~ 1.17 DDD (defined daily dose)/Yuan, implying that for every 1 defined daily dose (DDD) increase in reported volume, the standardized price decreased by 1.16–1.17 Yuan. The ATE of in-hospital market sales for drugs not selected in centralized procurement shows a decrease of 0.13. This finding highlights the presence of the price linkage effect. The ATE of sales volume is 0.57, indicating a volume-price space of 4.38 ~ 4.39 DDD/Yuan for unselected drugs, approximately 3.75 higher relative to that of the selected ones.ConclusionsThe ratio of the volume-price space of clinically substitutable unselected and selected drugs may serve as direct evidence for evaluating the shift from centralized purchasing of drug varieties to clinically substitutable other ones. To strengthen the volume-based negotiation approach and maximize the effectiveness of centralized purchasing policies, we recommend the strategic implementation of a three-tiered centralized purchasing system, the expansion of drug coverage, and the introduction of relevant constraints and incentives.

Management Analysis the Relationship Merchant Middlemen to Supplier and Customer Pepper in Merancang Ilir Village, East Borneo, Indonesia.

The purpose of this study was to: Describe the status and role of middlemen in the trade and marketing of pepper, Describes the purchasing system is being run, describes how to set the price. Explaining SRM and CRM performed by middlemen in maintaining a relationship with supplier and customer. This research used qualitative that have descriptive explanation characteristic. The researcher used participant-observation interviews and photos as the tools of collecting data. The determination participants and key informant for this research used snowball sampling techniques, with one participant and four key informants. This research used qualitative data that have descriptive explanation characteristics, are analyzed descriptively. The results of this study indicate that: Status as a peppers collector in the pepper trading and marketing activities was the person who runs three roles at once, Purchasing system was done by the collectors by collecting and looking for pepper from farmers (suppliers) to be purchased in accordance with market prices, and payment usually by giving cash advance prior to the harvest or by paid upon trading activities are taking place, The system in pricing is applied and executed by an intermediary trader, namely the Mark-Up Pricing Method, amounting to IDR 2,000.00 /kg pepper from the price given to customers, The relationship management of supplier and customer who performed by collectors consist of: CRM activity (real relationship with customers and customer satisfaction), and SRM (commitment, communication, honestly, discussion, and sharing of information).

LEGAL PROTECTION OF DISPUTED LAND DEED OFFICIALS IN THE BANKRUPTCY ESTATE BY THE CURATOR IN RELATION TO THE PRINCIPLE OF JUSTICE

Bankruptcy occurs when a person or entity stops paying its overdue debts, leading to the management of their assets by a curator. The curator oversees and manages the bankruptcy estate. The problem of bankruptcy estate often arises due to the transfer deed issued by the Land Deed Official (PPAT) which is considered incorrect by the curator, resulting in the Land Deed Official being sued and creates uncertainty as well as injustice for the Land Deed Official. This research will examine how the land law system regulates land sale and purchase transactions in the agrarian field in Indonesia, which was previously regulated in Government Regulation No. 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration by applying a negative publication system with positive elements. This research applies empirical juridical research methods. The findings of this research identified that the legal system of land sales and purchases in Indonesia can lead to disputes in bankruptcy estates managed by curators, particularly concerning the principle of prudence. The Land Deed Official is responsible for errors or violations in the deeds they create but not for inaccuracies provided by the parties involved. If the parties provide false information, the responsibility lies with them, rather than with the Land Deed Official who only records the submitted information.

Analysis and Design of Inventory, Purchase, and Sales Information System at UD. Dicky

Technology is currently developing rapidly, so every business such as sales needs to implement an information system. UD.Dicky is a business that operates in the field of selling basic necessities in the form of rice, edible oil, sugar and other necessities located at Jl. Captain Muslim No.120, Dwi Kora, Kec. Medan Helvetia, Medan City, North Sumatra 20123. The problem with the ongoing business process at UD.Dicky is that there is no processing and storage of data on sales, purchases and inventory of goods so that errors often occur in recording transactions carried out and also making reports. The methodology used is SDLC (System Development Life Cycle). The results obtained from this research are a sales, purchasing and inventory information system design, if continued to the system development stage it can be used as a basis for developing the proposed system

SISTEM AKUNTANSI PEMBELIAN KREDIT PADA PT. GLOBAL MULTIPARTS

In general, in a company, having purchase transactions is useful for procuring merchandise. Having goods available for sale will generate profits for the company. This research aims to find out: What is the accounting system for credit purchases at PT. Global Multiparts, how is the internal control in the credit purchase accounting system at PT. Global Multiparts, what is the internal control system at PT. Global Multiparts has been running well and correctly, what are the healthy practices at PT. Global Multiparts To obtain data and information in preparing research on the accounting review of credit purchases of merchandise required in this research, the author conducted research on research and theoretical foundations as a guide so that the research focus is in accordance with the facts in the field. The research results show that the implementation of Credit Purchase Systems and Procedures at PT. Global Multiparts is running well, but there are still shortcomings such as related functions that are still not separated.

UHC in Morocco: a bottom-up estimation of public hospitals' financing size based on a costing database

BackgroundMorocco is engaged in a health system reform aimed at generalizing health insurance across the whole population by 2025. This study aims to build a national database of costs at all levels of public hospitals in Morocco and craft this database as a resource for further use in a strategic purchasing system. It also aims at estimating the funding gap and the budget that should be secured for public hospitals in Morocco to fully play their roles in the current ambitious reform.MethodA costing study was implemented in 39 hospitals in 12 regions of Morocco (10 provincial hospitals, 11 regional hospitals, and 18 teaching hospitals). Using the hospital costing approach, we adapted and validated nationally our methodology to generate a database of unit costs based on data from 2019. All perspectives on cost were considered. Data collection was performed by cadres from MoH and facilitated by the WHO country office in Morocco. The production of the cost database allowed the development of a bottom-up estimation of the financing size for public health hospitals.ResultsThe study showed the feasibility of large-scale costing in the context of Morocco. The ownership of MoH and adherence to the process ensured the high quality of the collected data. There are many differences in unit costs for the same services moving from one hospital to another, which indicates existing inefficiencies. The database will contribute to shaping the strategic purchasing mechanism within the generalized health insurance schemes. The studied hospitals could be used as references to systematically update the billing system for health insurance.

Factors Affecting the Availability and Utilization of Essential Medicines in India: A Systematic Review

ABSTRACT Essential medicines or drugs are recognized as highly cost-effective components within contemporary healthcare, demonstrating significant potential for improving health outcomes. The provision of essential medicines directly impacts the functioning of healthcare facilities, resulting in financial hardship. This review aims to fill knowledge gaps by examining obstacles hindering access and utilization of essential medicines in India. This study conducted a comprehensive evidence synthesis, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, to analyse articles on the availability and utilization of essential medicines in India. The search strategy included various databases and keywords. Published, peer-reviewed articles focusing on the National/ State List of Essential Medicines and meeting specific criteria were considered. Data items included essential medicines, drug availability, utilization, and challenges. Data was extracted, synthesized, and analysed using thematic framework analysis. Out of 1,129 articles, 11 were selected for review. Studies consistently highlighted the inadequate availability of essential medicines in different Indian states. Availability of essential medicines varies in the range of 17-51 percent across major states of India. Stock-outs of medicines vary from 4 to 14 weeks. Governance issues including differential procurement mechanisms across states of India, hinder seamless availability of essential medicines. Other challenges included distribution and purchasing system inefficiencies, governance-related issues, and facility/ user-level challenges impacting drug utilization. Disruptions in utilization were observed due to improper prescription practices and non-availability of affordable options. Accessibility and affordability also affected drug utilization. Issues with supply chain management and conflicting guidelines further contributed to the obstacles faced in ensuring availability and utilization of essential medicines in India. Ensuring the availability, accessibility, and affordability of essential medicines is of utmost importance. The public health system needs to strengthen its procurement and distribution management. Strengthening the logistics support for an efficient supply of essential medicines will reduce the time lag in receipt of drugs. Guidelines on essential drugs prepared by the National Health System Resource Centre need to be strictly adhered to and monitored in inventory management system. There is an urgent need to develop a sustainable model for achieving uniformity in the availability and utilization of essential medicines in India.

Detection of anomalous ticket purchasing behavior for concerts based on machine learning

In recent years, there has been a continuous increase in the demand for entertainment activities. With the changing policies related to epidemic prevention and control, consumers ticket demands for various entertainment events, particularly concerts, have seen a significant rise. This has led to the emergence of anomalous ticket purchasing behaviors, including ticket scalping software, bulk purchasing, and fraudulent transactions. Such behaviors not only infringe upon the rights of legitimate audiences but also harm the interests of concert organizers. Therefore, the detection and prevention of anomalous ticket purchasing behaviors for concerts have become essential. This paper focuses on the use of automated systems, robots, or malicious software for ticket purchases, limiting consumers participation in abnormal ticket-buying activities. Combining previous research on railway ticketing systems and real-life experiences, this study selects ticket-purchasing frequency, speed, quantity, seat selection, payment method, IP address changes, and historical ticket-purchasing records as feature values. Different machine learning models are chosen for different feature values to conceptualize the construction of an anomalous ticket purchasing system for concerts. This paper emphasizes the importance of detecting anomalous concert ticket purchasing behavior, provides different machine learning models for various feature values, and lays the foundation for building an overall anomaly detection system. This research serves as a crucial reference for the security and user experience of ticketing systems, aiming to continually improve and upgrade anomaly detection systems to adapt to evolving challenges. The hope is to enhance the ticket-buying experience for future concerts and large-scale events.

THE ROLE OF NOTARIES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LEASE PURCHASE SYSTEM AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO BUILDING OWNERSHIP IN PUBLIC HOUSING SAVINGS (TAPERA)

<table width="574" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="366"><p><em>Notaries have an active role in implementing a new system, namely lease purchase system as an alternative to transferring a new land ownership rights based on the Public Housing Savings Management Agency Regulation Number 2 of 2023 concerning the Second Amendment to the Public Housing Savings Management Agency Regulation Number 6 of 2021 concerning Housing Financing for Public Housing Savings Participants (Peraturan Badan Pengelola Tabungan Perumahan Rakyat Nomor 2 Tahun 2023 tentang Perubahan Kedua atas Peraturan Badan Pengelola Tabungan Rakyat Nomor 6 Tahun 2021 tentang Pembiayaan Perumahan Bagi Peserta Tabungan Perumahan Rakyat). This is because to be able to apply the lease purchase system in a transfer of land ownership rights, an agreement is needed which for legal certainty to be made into a deed for the parties. Departing from the above, the problem raised in this research is how to implement the lease purchase system as an alternative to financing home ownership and the role of the Notary in making a lease purchase agreement deed which is used as an alternative to transfer land ownership rights. To be able to answer these problems, a normative juridical research method with an explanatory research typology is used. The conclusion that can be drawn from this research is that notaries play an important role in implementing the hire purchase system which has just been issued by BP Tapera as an alternative to transferring land and building ownership rights. So that in order to provide legal certainty, the lease purchase agreement needs to be made in an authentic deed made by a Notary.</em></p></td></tr></tbody></table>

Perbandingan Penginputan Transaksi Secara Manual Menggunakan Accurate pada Laporan Keuangan Input Transaksi Manual dengan Accurate di Laporan Keuangan

This abstract discusses the comparison between manual transaction input and using Accurate in financial reports. Manual transaction input method involves the process of manually entering data into the accounting system, such as recording purchase transactions, sales, and other expenses. Although this method can produce accurate financial reports, it requires more time and effort from the inputting party. In addition, the risk of error is also higher because data entry is done manually. On the other hand, using Accurate as a transaction input system can improve the efficiency and accuracy of financial reports. Accurate is an accounting software designed to assist entrepreneurs or accountants in managing company financial transactions. By using Accurate, transaction input can be done automatically through integration with various data sources, such as cash register systems, purchase systems, and sales systems. This reduces the need for manual data entry, so the required time and effort can be minimized. In addition, Accurate also comes with automatic validation features that can reduce the risk of human error in inputting transactions. This feature will check the entered data and provide warnings or notifications if there are errors or non-compliance with applicable accounting rules. Thus, the accuracy of financial reports can be improved. In this study, a comparison will be made between manual transaction input and using Accurate in financial reports. By comparing these two methods, it is hoped that information can be found to help entrepreneurs or accountants in choosing the most efficient and accurate transaction input method for their company.

Sistem Informasi Pengendalian Internal Pembelian Kredit Persediaan Barang Dagang pada Koperasi

Implementation of activities in every company of course has a system that contains the procedures in its implementation. The purchase accounting system is an example of a system in a business used by the company to buy the necessary goods in this case the activities that the Honeymoon Services Corporation does to meet its supply of goods also by implementing the purchase system. The implementation of such a system of course requires a proper control system. The data used is data in the form of credit purchase information supplies and secondary data in supporting documents. In analyzing the data obtained using qualitative methods. The results of the writing of this scientific paper show that in the implementation of the system of purchase of supplies credit, the system applied by the Honey Gununung Cooperation has been sufficiently sound and efficient optimally with the presence of documents and systematic recording. Only in internal control still requires special attention especially the organizational aspects that have not focused on the key elements of internal control related to the separation of the main function where there is a part that captures the tasks performed by the receiving part that is captured as the storage of goods, which means.

ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION ON ENHANCING THE LAST-MILE DELIVERY AND ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION SUSTAINABILITY POST COVID-19

The purpose of the study was to assess the role technology on enhancing the last-mile delivery and environment conservation sustainability. Specifically, it focused on providing answers to the following questions: Is technology enhancing last mile deliveries post Covid-19 pandemic? Are businesses using technology solutions to mitigate last mile delivery challenges? Is use of technology in last mile delivery helping in environment conservation sustainability? Does technology enhance effective B2B and B2C deliveries? The study adopted desktop research design and used secondary data based on analysing published scientific papers through platforms; Web of Science, Scopus and Emerald with majority of information derived from journals or conference proceedings not more than three years after covid-19 i.e. 2023 from the internet sources. The study found that technology enhanced last mile delivery, due to the accelerating pace of digital innovation, increased online participation, rapid growth in data analytics and transmission, and platforms facilitating innovation. The sampled papers proved that new technological development increased the efficiency, visibility, transparency of inventory levels, demand forecasting, production processes, and logistics which emphasized the role of technology as a facilitator of supply chain. The findings showed that, Technology on e-commerce experienced a massive growth within the years after Covid-19 and more and more businesses headed to the online system to sell their products and services and more customers turned to online due to convenience of the online purchase system. The results showed that, technology use in last mile delivery enhanced environmental conservation sustainability by reducing traffic in roads since orders for one location can be delivered by one truck. The study also, found challenges of last-mile delivery and presented a detailed understanding on the technology innovative solutions to mitigate the challenges. As depicted by the sampled researches last mile delivery challenges included delivery inefficiency, high costs, delayed deliveries, low-visibility, outdated technology, inaccurate route planning. Therefore, modern technology proved to be a main facilitator in addressing these challenges by providing faster deliveries, higher visibility and better quality and environment conservation sustainability. The study recommended increase of use of modern technology to enhance further last mile delivery and environment conservation sustainability.

Slovenia ∙ Dynamic Purchasing Systems Proved as Suitable Purchasing Technique for Joint Public Procurement in Two ELENA-funded Projects in Slovenia

Slovenia ∙ Dynamic Purchasing Systems Proved as Suitable Purchasing Technique for Joint Public Procurement in Two ELENA-funded Projects in Slovenia