Punitive Management Research Articles

'I Think the First Priority is Physically Safe First, Before You Can Actually Get Psychologically Safe': Staff Perspectives on Psychological Safety in Inpatient Mental Health Settings.

While the concept of psychological safety has been gaining momentum, research concerning psychological safety in inpatient mental health wards is lacking. To investigate how psychological safety is conceptualised by healthcare staff in inpatient mental health units, and what barriers and facilitators exist. Reflexive Thematic Analysis was used to analyse 12 interviews. Participants conceptualised psychological safety as feeling safe from physical harm, being able to develop meaningful relationships and feeling valued at work. Participants often did not feel physically safe at work, which led them to feel psychologically unsafe. Barriers to psychological safety were reliance on agency workers, punitive management approaches and the inherent risk in working with mental health inpatients. Facilitators included appropriate staffing ratios and skill mix, being able to form meaningful relationships and having access to support. The emphasis on the physical safety element within psychological safety means that existing definitions of psychological safety require extension for the mental healthcare context. However, large-scale research is needed to further understand experiences of psychological safety in this group. A better understanding of the dimensions of psychological safety in inpatient mental health settings could support the development of tools to investigate psychological safety interventions. Organisations could support psychological safety through regular staff supervision and improved staffing ratios and skill mix.

Convivencia escolar as a practice of in/exclusion in Chilean schools

ABSTRACT The construct of convivencia escolar (CE) has multiple meanings, some reduce it to school life without conflict and a punitive management of indiscipline. The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to describe, understand and compare the meanings of CE and the procedures involved in school norms used to regulate students’ behaviours in Chilean schools with high and low levels of punitive exclusionary practices (PEP). Schools with higher levels of PEP were mostly low-SES/municipal schools, with low academic achievement and school climate. Qualitative content analysis of schools’ norms showed that schools with high levels of punitive practices constructed a sense of schooling as a way out of poverty through high discipline and values of respect and responsibility. Schools with low punitive practices pursued community values but had previous selection processes. We argue that in both cases, educational inclusion/exclusion is construed by reproducing social class segregation.

Developing a Holistic-Comprehensive Assessment Model: Factors Contributing to Personal Protective Equipment Compliance among Indonesian Cement Workers.

Context:Noncompliance with personal protective equipment (PPE) in industrial workers results in increased injury or illness and is commonly reported worldwide. Numerous guidelines and management policies are employed to prevent work-related health hazards, yet industrial workers still exhibit low rates of PPE compliance, especially in outsourced workers.Aims:The aim of this study was to develop a holistic-comprehensive assessment framework model summarizing the key factors in achieving the stated goals of interventions targeting PPE compliance in Indonesian cement workers.Settings and Design:An analytic observational study was conducted among 183 Indonesian cement workers from a simple random sampling technique.Methods and Material:A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate factors influencing PPE compliance among cement workers as well as management policies in place.Statistical Analysis Used:Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24. Results were tabulated using frequency distribution and mean with a standard deviation. The logistic regression model was developed to identify the factors that affect PPE compliance.Results:The highest rate of compliance was 43.7%, a still low figure. Using correlation coefficients and logistic regression, both the behavior of the workers and the existing management policies were found to be significant contributing factors (P < 0.05). Punitive management policies were also found to be a determining factor (OR 5.22; 95% CI 1.01–1.07).Conclusions:Management policy, specifical punishment for noncompliance, was shown to be the strongest influence on PPE compliance in Indonesian cement workers.

Los exiliados argentinos bajo la óptica del Estado terrorista (1976-1983)

EEste artículo es un aporte al estudio de las políticas exiliares del Estado terrorista y a la implicación del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores en tareas ligadas a la gestión punitiva de los desplazamientos de los argentinos que querían salir o deseaban entrar a territorio nacional. A partir del fondo OEA-ONU del Archivo Histórico de la Cancillería argentina, el trabajo se focaliza en las prácticas rutinarias y burocráticas del Estado dictatorial orientadas a: 1. que los argentinos que habían huido del país como consecuencia de la escalada represiva tras el golpe de Estado del 24 de marzo de 1976 no obtuvieran la documentación de viaje necesaria para llegar a un destino seguro en terceros países; y 2. que los argentinos detenidos en las cárceles legales de la dictadura y que habían salido de territorio nacional haciendo uso del derecho de “opción” no pudieran regresar al país en vigencia del estado de sitio.

Judicial intervention in penal enforcement

Punitive treatment of those who are sentenced under penal policy has been developed by changing the purpose of punishment from deterrence, cruelty and reprisals from the delinquent trying to change reform and reintegrate him into society. It is illogical to let this later coined by the punitive management, and making the judiciary out of execution especially with giving importance by the figh and punitive judiciary to individual punishment, in addition to that, the delinquent may not have its rights because of the bad arbitrariness which is made by the penal institution. From her, the necessity of the punitive intervention is called in order to supervise the execution of punishment in a good way that ensure the good conduct of this execution in a perfect way to led to restrict him society.

Are you sure you want me to follow this? A study of procedure management, user perceptions and compliance behaviour

Adherence to procedures is critical to the safety and performance of maintenance tasks; however, few studies of procedure compliance among maintenance personnel have been reported. The present study evaluated a theoretical model in which management approaches to procedure compliance were linked to compliance outcomes through user perceptions of positive and negative procedure attributes. New scales were developed to assess these variables; hypotheses derived from the model were tested in survey data collected from maintainers in the mining industry (N=176). A structural equation model showed acceptable fit statistics; findings were broadly consistent with the initial hypotheses.As predicted, positive and negative dimensions of procedure attributes and compliance/non-compliance were perceived as distinct constructs, and were implicated in different pathways of the model. Also supporting the initial hypotheses, user involvement and managers’ learning-oriented responses to non-compliance were linked to favourable compliance outcomes through perceived procedure attributes. Learning-oriented responses were also directly associated with greater compliance. In addition, and contrary to prediction, punitive management responses positively predicted compliance. As discussed in the paper, these findings contribute new insights, relevant in both research and industry contexts, to understanding procedure compliance among maintainers.

Marginalidade, etnicidade e penalidade na cidade neoliberal: uma cartografia analítica

This article draws an analytic map of the research programme pursued across my three books Urban Outcasts (2008), Punishing the Poor (2009), and Deadly Symbiosis: Race and the Rise of the Penal State (in press). In this trilogy, I disentangle the triangular nexus of class fragmentation, ethnic division, and state-crafting in the polarizing city at century's turn to explain the political production, sociospatial distribution, and punitive management of marginality through the wedding of disciplinary social policy and neutralizing criminal justice. I signpost how I deployed key notions from Pierre Bourdieu (social space, bureaucratic field, symbolic power) to clarify categories left hazy (such as the ghetto) and to forge new concepts (territorial stigmatization and advanced marginality, punitive containment and liberal paternalism, hyperincarceration and negative sociodicy) as tools for the comparative sociology of the unfinished genesis of the post-industrial precariat, the penal regulation of poverty in the age of diffusing social insecurity, and the building of the neo-liberal Leviathan.

Marginality, ethnicity and penality in the neo-liberal city: an analytic cartography

This article draws an analytic map of the research programme pursued across my three books Urban Outcasts (2008), Punishing the Poor (2009) and Deadly Symbiosis: Race and the Rise of the Penal State (in press). In this trilogy, I disentangle the triangular nexus of class fragmentation, ethnic division and state-crafting in the polarizing city at century's turn to explain the political production, socio-spatial distribution and punitive management of marginality through the wedding of disciplinary social policy and neutralizing criminal justice. I signpost how I deployed key notions from Pierre Bourdieu (social space, bureaucratic field, symbolic power) to clarify categories left hazy (such as the ghetto) and to forge new concepts (territorial stigmatization and advanced marginality, punitive containment and liberal paternalism, hyper-incarceration and negative sociodicy) as tools for the comparative sociology of the unfinished genesis of the post-industrial precariat, the penal regulation of poverty in the age of diffusing social insecurity, and the building of the neo-liberal Leviathan.

The global firestorm of law and order

This article reflects on the international reception of my book Prisons of Poverty as revelator of penal developments in advanced societies over the past decade. I show that the global firestorm of law and order inspired by the United States that the book detected in 1999 has continued to rage far and wide. Indeed, it has extended from First- to Second-World countries and has altered punishment politics and policies around the globe in ways that no one foresaw and would have thought possible two decades ago. I extend the analysis of the role of think tanks (especially the Manhattan Institute) in the diffusion of US-style crime-fighting notions and nostrums in Latin America as one element of the international circulation of pro-market policy packages fostering the punitive management of poverty. I elaborate and revise the original model of the link between neoliberalism and punitive penality, leading to the analysis of state-crafting in the age of social insecurity developed in my book Punishing the Poor.

The bitter recent history of employee involvement at Royal Mail: An aggressive management agenda versus resilient workplace unionism

Focused on a large, diverse branch of the British postal workers’ trade union, workplace union responses to Royal Mail’s employee involvement initiatives are examined through a two-stage longitudinal case study. Royal Mail – the letters section of the British postal service – has carried out a series of managerialist experiments with employee involvement and participation in the last few decades, providing the basis for an important research literature on union and worker responses to new management initiatives, participation and HRM. Findings suggest that these management initiatives and union responses have mutated over time, with an ever-growing gap between management rhetoric associated with employee involvement and increasingly punitive management practice; and with changing but relatively resilient, oppositional workplace union responses. These developments are closely related to the entrenched, confrontational nature of Royal Mail industrial relations that has persisted since the mid-1980s.

Medication Errors in Pediatric Inpatients: Prevalence and Results of a Prevention Program

The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and characteristics of medication errors in pediatric and neonatal inpatients and to measure the impact of interventions to reduce medication errors. A preintervention and postintervention cross-sectional study was conducted of a sample of prescriptions that were ordered by physicians and medications that were administered by nurses to patients at the NICU, PICU, and general pediatric settings at the Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires Department of Pediatrics in 2002 and 2004. Number and type of errors, time shift on which they occurred, and whether they had any kind of adverse event on the patient were recorded. Medication errors were stratified according to physicians' and nurses' status. Several interventions, including incorporating a positive safety culture without a punitive management of errors and specific prescribing and drug-administration recommendations were implemented between the 2 phases of the study. A total of 590 prescriptions and 1174 drug administrations for 95 patients in the first phase of the study and 1144 prescriptions with 1588 drug administrations for 92 patients in the second phase were evaluated. The prevalence of medication error rate in the second phase was 7.3% (199 of 2732) and 11.4% (201 of 1764) in the first phase. The risk difference was -4.1%. The development of a program mainly centered on the promotion of a cultural change in the approach to medical errors can effectively diminish medication errors in neonates and children.

No Shame: The View from the Left Bank

Wacquant’s essay is less a review of three ethnographies about the inner city than a throwback to the sectarian days when leftists who failed to toe the Party line were deemed objective enemies of the working class. In this instance, we are told that research by Duneier (1999), Anderson (1999), and Newman is exhibit A for the charge “that U.S. sociology is now tied and party to ...t heneoliberal state and its ‘carceral-assistential complex’ for the punitive management of the poor” (p. 1471). The three of us do not hew to Wacquant’s politics, so we are indicted, along with the rest of American sociology, for a lockdown in the ghetto and the repression of the poor. Wacquant’s “review” is built upon a relentless distortion of the research and writing in these three books. Repeatedly, Wacquant tells AJS readers that an argument presented in them rests upon implausible assumptions when it does nothing of the kind. The position he puts in the writer’s mouth is consistently the opposite of what appears on the page. Having created a series of straw men, Wacquant then razes them, often by parroting the arguments made by the authors as if they were his own. He buttresses his critique of these books using data provided in them, crediting the evidence itself, while ignoring the fact that Anderson, Duneier, and Newman collected and carefully presented that evidence on purpose. He claims that our observations undermine the core analyses in these books, when they simply highlight the absurdity of the caricatures he has created. In the end, there is almost no link between these three books and what Wacquant makes of them. Long before its publication in AJS, Wacquant has been busy distributing his attack around the globe and across the profession. Inevitably many people who have received copies from Wacquant will not see this rebuttal, but we hope many others do. It is important for interested readers to form their own judgment, not only of the books discussed here, but