Public Transport Information Systems Research Articles

Impact of Data Cleansing for Urban Bus Commercial Speed Prediction

Public Transportation Information Systems (PTIS) are widely used for public bus services amongst cities in the world. These systems gather information about trips, bus stops, bus speeds, ridership, etc. This massive data are an inviting source of information for machine learning predictive tools. However, it most often suffers from quality deficiencies, due to multiple data sets with multiple structures, to different infrastructures using incompatible technologies, to human errors or hardware failures. In this paper, we consider the impact of data cleansing on a classical machine-learning task: predicting urban bus commercial speed. We show that simple, transport specific business and quality rules can drastically enhance data quality, whereas more sophisticated rules may offer little improvements despite a high computational cost.

Optimization of maps from public transport information systems

Abstract. Schematic maps still have a strong position in passenger information systems. Even at the time of easily accessible, individually available mobile applications for public transport journey planning and navigation. Their potential is in a unique graphic design that attracts the attention of all generations of passengers. To effectively use, schematic maps, it is appropriate to optimize their creation process and to pay attention to the user aspect using analytical approaches, such as those used in the paper. The paper dealt with analyzing the maps from public transport information systems. An emphasis is given the influence of schematization on the perception for increasing the effectiveness of the maps. More than 80 collected schematic maps were classified according to the schematic criteria and methods of expression. Attention was focused on user analysis. An eye-tracking experiment was performed on current maps as stimuli, of which 20 were for the free viewing and with 15 questions. It consisted of three types of questions on labels, lines, points, and overall network orientation. Testing with 15 respondents was preceded by pilot testing with five respondents. Statistical analysis of the experiment showed differences in the perception of maps by respondents and problematic aspects of methods of expression and their use in schematic maps. In addition, three questionnaires were compiled to look into the approach of users, the author's approach and the approach of transport organizations to the issue of the use of maps in passenger information systems. The last step of the analysis was a moderated interview with a focus group with five respondents. The results of these parts were used to formulate the optimization of mapping, which is presented in the form of nine steps of an effective mapping process. This proposed method was used to create a prototype map of the public transport system in Olomouc. The paper points out the possibilities of map creation, clearly defines the basic steps necessary to create an ideal schematic map and point out the fact that even in amateur conditions can be achieved satisfactory results. The aim is not to specify a standard or a literal manual. In the following paragraphs, only the basic steps and some possibilities of how to approach their solution are summarized, while still retaining space for the author's own graphic expression. The paper was compiled within the Czech Scientific Foundation project No 18-05432S „Spatial synthesis based on advanced geocomputation methods“.

Towards Attention-Based Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory for Travel Time Prediction of Bus Journeys.

Travel time prediction is critical for advanced traveler information systems (ATISs), which provides valuable information for enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of the urban transportation systems. However, in the area of bus trips, existing studies have focused on directly using the structured data to predict travel time for a single bus trip. For state-of-the-art public transportation information systems, a bus journey generally has multiple bus trips. Additionally, due to the lack of study on data fusion, it is even inadequate for the development of underlying intelligent transportation systems. In this paper, we propose a novel framework for a hybrid data-driven travel time prediction model for bus journeys based on open data. We explore a convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) model with a self-attention mechanism that accurately predicts the running time of each segment of the trips and the waiting time at each station. The model is more robust to capture long-range dependence in time series data as well.

Sistem Informasi Trayek Angkutan Umum Berbasis Web


 
 One way to reduce congestion in big cities is by reducing the use of private vehicles. That is by improving the service and convenience of public transport such as accessing route information easily. The Web Based Public Transportation Information System is designed using SDLC. The system is expected to be able to assist the public in accessing the route information of public transportation on land. The results of this study is a web-based application interface that includes public transportation routes in the Jakarta, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi.
 Index Terms— Information System, Public Transport Route, SDLC, Web Based, Jadetabek.
 

An ontology-based framework to support performance monitoring in public transport systems

Managers of public transport systems have been facing for years the strategic challenge of maintaining high quality of transport services to improve the mobility of citizens, while reducing costs and ensuring safety and low environmental impact. A well-established way to evaluate the performance achieved by the system or by specific activities is to monitor Key Performance Indicators (KPI). However, existing management systems, which refer to flexible yet large and complex data models, provide a limited support to define and select relevant KPIs for the objectives at hand, and even the identification of whether and how the data model is capable to achieve a certain informative need is a critical and time-consuming task. This work is aimed to propose a framework to ease the development of a monitoring system in the public transport domain. The approach is based on the ontological representation of all the knowledge regarding indicators and their formulas, business objectives, dimension analysis and their relation with the Transmodel, the European reference data model for public transport information systems. On its top, a reasoning framework provides logic functionalities to interactively support designers in a set of common design tasks: the choice of the most suitable indicators for the performance monitoring needs at hand, the definition of new indicators and the identification of the minimal set of Transmodel modules needed to calculate them. A case study is included to discuss these applications, while an evaluation shows the feasibility of the approach.

A Study on Object-Oriented Multi-Level Data Model of Public transport

The data model as the basis of public transportation geographic information system, determine the structure of the data in the system, to ensure the system data storage, editing, maintenance of logic and science, is the key to achieve the function of the system. In this paper, based on the Object-oriented technology, it constructed to meet the multi-level complex data model ofgeographic information system in transportation demand. In the classification of objects, it divides the objects into spatial object and non-spatial object.In hierarchical structure, it classifies public transportation as semantic level, non-directed leveland directedlevel.In the realization of model, it uses UML and CASE tools in ArcGIS to express public transportation objects and establish object model. This model incorporated all objects into one unified system so as to achieve multi-scale application of the public transportation information system.

Application of graph databases for transport purposes

Abstract The article presents an innovative concept of applying graph databases in transport information systems. The model of a graph database has been presented together with implementation of data structures and search operations in a graph. The transformation concept of relational model to a graph data model has been developed. The schema of graph database has been proposed for public transport information system purposes. The realization methods have been illustrated by the use of search function based on the Cypher query language.

Optimal route computation for circular public transport routes with differential fare structure

In many public transport information systems, route searching for pre-trip journey planning is an essential and important function. While different types of route query and path finding algorithms have been proposed to solve the problem of optimum route or path searching, there remains no single answer to the best solution for all public transportation networks in the world. As a result, customization of the optimum route computation is needed. In this paper, a structural analysis of public transport routes in terms of fare and operation patterns has been conducted. An enhanced route computation algorithm has been proposed in order to provide more reasonable and logical results for different structures. The development and implementation of the programming logic, together with the validation of the enhanced algorithm are also presented. It is found that the traditional approach of selecting closest stops to origin, destination or interchange stops may not satisfy all patterns, especially for cities with a very dense network of public transport stops and for circular routes. To cater for a lot of these special cases, the new approach of stop selection adopts a comparison of the stop sequence within a route with a threshold of commuting behaviour. Real cases from a governmental public transportation enquiry system in Hong Kong are extracted for implementation and evaluation; results from which have been proved satisfactory to both system planners and users.

A Study on Strategies of Smart Green City - The Priority Analysis and Application of Planning Technique -

Purpose: The goal of this research is to identify the planning techniques of Smart Green City with Ubiquitous method and carbon-neutral city planning techniques and to induce the main planning techniques through the analysis of relative importance and practical adaptation. Method: First of all, eighteen planning techniques were derived and categorized into three organization systems and six sectors through literature review and FGI analysis considering the applicability of Ubiquitous service for carbon-neutral city planning techniques. Secondly, based on expert surveys and AHP analysis, the importance of Smart Green City planning techniques was evaluated. Thirdly, using case study, six cases related to Smart Green City were analyzed for the current status of application of planning techniques. Lastly, considering the importance of planning techniques and practical aspects, the characteristics of Smart Green City and its implication were estimated. Result: Energy, Resource and Waste and Transportation sector were identified as important sectors for Smart Green City. In addition, 'Construction of Smart Grid', 'System for Utilization of New & Renewable Energy', 'Smart Resource Circulation Management System', 'Establishment of Public Transportation Information System basis', 'Construction of Pedestrian / Bicycle oriented Road Environment' are essential planning techniques to create Smart Green City.

3A21 Development of an integrated public transportation information system based in a railway station(Customer Environment)

As a solution to resolve the problems of the city such as traffic jam, a shift in the usage from privately-owned cars to public transport are pointed out, however the present situation is such that due to the lack of high convenience in using privately-owned cars or the improvement of the overall public transport in terms of convenience has caused few success cases. In light to this problem, with the purpose of convenience improvement of the public transport as a whole, an integrated information system of the railroad and buses was developed in order to provide the users with such information. An efficacy evaluation of the smartphone application with integrated information system was developed and tested in Kashiwa City of Chiba Prefecture from October 2013 to December 2013. The assessment and efficacy evaluation of the user and usage trends of the society during the testing period were obtained and reported.

Passengers information in public transport and privacy: Can anonymous tickets prevent tracking?

Modern public transportation companies often record large amounts of information. Privacy can be safeguarded by discarding nominal tickets, or introducing anonymization techniques. But is anonymity at all possible when everything is recorded? In this paper we discuss travel information management in the public transport scenario and we present a revealing case study (relative to the city of Cesena, Italy), showing that even anonymous 10-ride bus tickets may betray a user's privacy expectations. We also propose a number of recommendations for the design and management of public transport information systems, aimed at preserving the users’ privacy, while retaining the useful analysis features enabled by the e-ticketing technology.

Benchmarking and Assessment of Good Practices in Public Transport Information Systems

Abstract The development of the Public Transport (PT) services in the last decade is characterized by wide implementation of various information systems and technologies, which cover different transport services, such as traffic planning, traffic network monitoring, management of operation of PT fleets, providing information to the passengers, ticketing payment, etc. The article considers the research part of a large EU-funded project POLITE aimed at public transport sector and increasing the awareness of infomobility services and PT attractiveness through the application of identified Good Practices and Best Practices. The objective of this paper is presentation of the methodology of benchmarking and assessment of Good Practices and choice of the best one on the basis of the multi-criteria comparative analysis. For assessment of Good Practices the AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method is applied.

The Emerging Importance of a Mobility Strategy for South African Cities with GoMetro as a Case-Study

South Africa has an unsustainably high level of private vehicles and vehicle-kilometres, yet there is still no real visible shift to public transport in the urban areas. Public transport does not appear to be an attractive option for private vehicle users, as operations are perceived to be unreliable and not on-par with the experience of private vehicle users. Even when a mode is both comfortable and reliable, private vehicle users exhibit extreme inertia to transfer to public transport. At the same time that our transport systems are moving in unsustainable directions, there has been a significant adoption of mobile phones by the general populace. Tracking this proliferation of mobile devices has been an exponential improvement in the processing power, user experience and sensing abilities of mobile phones. We are starting to see transport systems being impacted by this massive increase in the collective processing power of a city. It is thus now worth considering a paradigm shift as to how public transport systems are configured to incorporate the potential that mobile phones and their mass adoption present to urban transport systems.“Mobility” is defined in this paper as the use of mobile technology in order to create an Informational Decision-Making Layer above the Hard Infrastructure of transport systems, as well as the Operational Layer of vehicles and operations. As part of this “Mobility” paradigm shift, the author has conceptualized, designed, developed, implemented and operates GoMetro, a large-scale mobile web-based public transport information system for Metrorail operations in South Africa. The paper the author would like to submit will seek to answer the following questions:•With the increase in mobile phone penetration, and the collective processing power of an urban environment – is it time to rethink the traditional transport model consisting of a Way and a Vehicle?•What is Mobility? And what is a Mobility Strategy?•How does Mobility compare to traditional communication channels?•How do commuters interact with their mobile devices while commuting?•Is there a Business Case for operators and agencies to implement a Mobility Strategy? If implemented, what are some lessons learnt from GoMetro?•What is the social benefit of Mobility to an urban transport system?

An Interactive Web-Based Public Transport Enquiry System With Real-Time Optimal Route Computation

A comprehensive and presentable public transport information system is deemed invaluable for local residents and tourists all over the world. This is particularly necessary in view of the complex city structure and transportation system in Hong Kong. There are more than ten public transportation modes available, all with different operation schedules, fare structures, and routing characteristics. To assist commuters in making better use of public transport, the system needs to be not only user friendly and informative but intelligent enough to provide optimal route choices in terms of users' travelling behavior or preference as well. The web-map public transport enquiry system, as described in this paper, gives a good example of providing bilingual (English and Chinese) information on all public transports run in Hong Kong in the form of interactive maps and texts, as well as real-time derivation of optimal travelling routes for users in terms of multiple criteria, i.e., preferred mode, least changes, shortest travelling time, or lowest fare.

Passengers Perception of Public Transport Information Systems

This paper compares the perception towards public transportation information system in selected cities. Two viewpoints, each from the first time users and frequent travelers were recorded in a likert-scale checklist. Audio and visual capturing of data about the system was conducted through voice recording and photo taking. A regression analysis has been conducted on a dependent variable which is the average scoring for accessibility and reliability of information system. Independent factors found to be significantly affecting user perception were whether users were frequent travelers, the proportion of distance travelled by public transport and the duration of non-stop travel by public transport.

Dynamic stochastic transit assignment with explicit seat allocation model

This paper proposes a stochastic dynamic transit assignment model with an explicit seat allocation process. The model is applicable to a general transit network. A seat allocation model is proposed to estimate the probability of a passenger waiting at a station or on-board to get a seat. The explicit seating model allows a better differentiation of in-vehicle discomfort experienced by sitting and standing passengers. The paper proposes simulation procedures for calculating the sitting probability of each type of passengers. A heuristic solution algorithm for finding an equilibrium solution of the proposed model is developed and tested. The numerical tests show significant influences of the seat allocation model on equilibrium departure time and route choices of passengers. The proposed model is also applied to evaluate the effects of an advanced public transport information system (APTIS) on travellers’ decision-making.

Integrated Passenger Information System for Multimodal Trip Planning

The integration of wireless and web-based communication technologies in advanced public transport information systems has led to the provision of passenger information services directly to the users. Most of the existing systems provide alternative travel plans either for urban or for single-mode interurban trips. The objective of this paper is to present an online passenger information system for delivering personalized trip-planning services for interurban multimodal trips, including plans for any constituent urban transfer. The proposed system accommodates the provision of critical real-time travel information (e.g., delay or cancelation of flights) to the user throughout the entire life cycle of an interurban trip. The major features of the system are the following: ( a) determination of optimum itineraries in a multimodal public transportation network, ( b) online updates of the departure times throughout the entire life cycle of the trip, and ( c) dissemination of travel information through several communication channels. The proposed system supports two major trip-planning decisions: ( a) itinerary planning for an urban trip through the local public transport network, and ( b) combined urban and interurban trip planning. The focus of the paper is on the presentation of the design and implementation of the proposed system and its application for supporting trip-planning decisions in Greece. An evaluation of the system has indicated that it is user-friendly, is cost-effective, and meets travelers’ requirements.

Traveler expectations and willingness-to-pay for Web-enabled public transport information services

Web-enabled public transport (PT) information systems that combine information on different PT modes, different PT companies and different geographical regions, can be built to improve the accessibility of public transportation. As the potential list of information aspects that can be included in such systems is long, it is interesting to examine the relative importance of different information aspects. This study reports the relative importance travelers attach to a range of information aspects. In addition, the willingness to pay for this information was examined by conducting a stated choice experiment, in which price was traded off against groupings of information aspects. The results of the study indicate that even though public transport travel information is highly price sensitive, travelers are willing to pay for it if the information systems provide additional functionality such as real-time information and, to a lesser extent, additional trip planning options.

Modeling the Market Penetration of Personal Public Transport Information System in Hong Kong

In Hong Kong, with a multi–modal transport network, about one–fifth of the general public require to make transfer during their daily travel. In order to help passengers making decisions on travel choices, the personal Public Transport Information System (PTIS) has recently been introduced in Hong Kong. This article investigates the market penetration, or the potential demand, of the proposed personal PTIS in Hong Kong. A binary logit model was calibrated to investigate how passenger demographics and trip characteristics would affect the market penetration of the personal PTIS. In the interview survey, stated preference questions were asked for obtaining a respondent's desirability of the personal PTIS. The model results suggested that a market does exist for the personal PTIS in Hong Kong with its multi–modal transit network. Number of transfers required for completing a journey, departure time, travel time, income, and mobile telephone ownership all has significant relationships with the demand of the personal PTIS. Service charge and length of delay in receiving information also highly affect the market penetration of the personal PTIS.

Traveler Response to Innovative Personalized Demand-Responsive Transit in the San Francisco Bay Area

Urban sprawl makes conventional transit less competitive and points to the need for more innovative and flexible demand-responsive transit systems in the future. To increase their efficiency, such systems can take advantage of the emerging advanced public transportation systems technologies, e.g., vehicle location and information systems. However, little is known about how consumers might respond to such systems and what they desire. This paper explores the demand for a consumer-oriented Personalized Demand-Responsive Transit (PDRT) service in the San Francisco Bay Area. Such a system could provide services to the traveling public for journeys to work and to nonwork destinations. Results from six focus group meetings and a computer-assisted telephone survey of commuters and noncommuters are reported. While about 60% of those surveyed were willing to consider PDRT as an option, about 12% reported that they were “very likely” to use PDRT (\iN = 1,000). Many were willing to pay for the service and valued highly the flexibility in scheduling the service. Spatial analysis of the survey responses suggests localities where a PDRT may be field-tested.