Public Performance Management Research Articles

Bayesian spatial mapping of rates of substance use among high-school students in Florida

ABSTRACT Objective In adolescent substance use research, more work has been done in identifying risk factors at individual level while little work was done at community level. The objective of this study is to examine the possible risk factors associated with substance use by high-school students at county level. Methods Data on the percentages of county-level substance use by adolescents and county-level risk factors were obtained from the Florida Department of Health, Division of Public Health Statistics & Performance Management (DPHSM). Spatial beta models were used to examine the associations between risk factors and rates of substance use. Results Geographic variation in rates of substance use by adolescents was observed in Florida, ranging from 6.5% to 28.6% for drug use, and from 14.8% to 36.3% for alcohol. It was found that percentages of black population and individual below poverty level were inversely associated with rates of drug use by adolescents. There were no significant associations between percentages of drug use by adolescents and median income, adult drug use, school suspension, and student emotional/behavioral disability per county. Conclusion Interventions for reducing rates of adolescent substance use may focus on involving parents to monitor financial resources for their children.

Performance Measurement and Management During the Roman Empire: Evidence From the Letters of Pliny the Younger to Emperor Trajan

This article examines performance measurement and management practices of the Roman Empire during the reign of Emperor Trajan (98–117 CE). The main thesis is that the administration of imperial provinces possessed some of the underlying concepts of modern public performance measurement and management practices developed more recently as part of the New Public Management movement. The article uses the 121 letters in the correspondence between Pliny the Younger as Imperial Governor ( Legatus Augusti) of the Province of Bithynia and Pontus (110–113 CE) in modern day Turkey and Emperor Trajan to demonstrate that performance measurement and management practices is more ancient than its development as part of the New Public Management movement.

Spatial mapping of colorectal cancer screening uptake and associated factors.

Over the past decades, it has been understood that the availability of screening tests has contributed to a steady decline in incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, it is also seen that there is a geographic disparity in the use of such tests across small areas. The aim of this study is to examine small-area level barrier factors that may impact CRC screening uptake and to delineate coldspot (low uptake of screening) counties in Florida. Data on the percentages of county-level CRC screening uptakes in 2016 and county-level barrier factors for screening were obtained from the Florida Department of Health, Division of Public Health Statistics & Performance Management. Bayesian spatial beta models were used to produce posterior probability of deceedance to identify coldspots for CRC screening rates. Unadjusted screening rates using sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy test ranged from 56.8 to 85%. Bayesian spatial beta models were fitted to the proportion data. At an ecological level, we found that an increasing rate of CRC screening uptake for either of the test types (colon/rectum exam, stool-based test) was strongly associated with a higher health insurance coverage, and lower percentage of population that speak English less than very well (immigration) at county level. Eleven coldspot counties out of 67 total were also identified. This study suggests that health insurance disparities in the use of CRC screening tests are an important factor that may need more attention for resource allocation and health policy targeting small areas with low uptake of screening.

Retracted: Construction of the Public Management Performance Assessment Algorithm Using Fuzzy Clustering.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2022/1272099.].

The Relationship Between the Risk Disclosure and Risk Management Committee on Banks Value: Empirical Evidence From Jordan

Purpose: Government levels may better fulfill the expanding expectations for public service governance, performance management, and accountability with the use of risk management backed by an integrated management accounting and control system. To explain how the risk management committee and risk disclosure affect bank value, this paper draws on agency theory and signaling theory, by using the market to book ratio (MTBR) to measure bank value. Theoretical Framework: This article explains how the characteristics of risk management committees (RMCC) (size, independence, qualifications, meetings, executive membership, expertise, and dual membership) and voluntary risk disclosure influence each other on the value of Jordanian banks from 2014-2021. Design/methodology/approach: The descriptive statistics of risk disclosure practices were calculated by the study sample using data from 18 banks collected between 2014 and 2021. The study variables' observations have an unbalanced distribution as well. 120 observations across all study variables are included in this paper. To calculate the bank value in this study, we use the Market to Book Ratio (MTBR). The regression analysis employed the multiple regression model. Findings: The results indicate that risk management committee qualifications in accounting or finance significantly negatively affect bank value, while other variables have a significant impact on the value of Jordanian banks, such as risk management committee expertise, risk management committee dual membership with the compensation committee, risk management committee independence, and executive membership in the composition of the risk management committee. Originality/value: This paper provides new empirical evidence in financial and accounting literature regarding the effect of the RMCC characteristics on Jordanian banks' value. Also, The main contribution of the paper is the discovery that the influence of an RMCC tends to encourage more disclosure of risk management to minimize risks.

The Impact of Supplier Selection and Monitoring on the Effectiveness of Public Procurement in Ghana: Cost Reduction Point of View

The aim of this study is to examine the role of supplier selection and monitoring on the effectiveness of public procurement in terms of cost reduction in Ghana. Procurement effectiveness as an element of public performance management can contribute to achieving Value for Money by reducing administrative overhead costs and directing resources to support more complex procurement processes. Procurement adds value by reducing costs, without the compromise of quality, product failures, assuring the operational efficiency to enable better quality without any additional cost with an aim to achieve the best objectives, output at a reduced cost in the supply chain. This study provides procurement practitioners with insights into selecting the proper suppliers and embracing supplier monitoring to achieve procurement efficiency in terms of cost reduction. This study examines the effects of supplier selection and supplier monitoring on procurement cost reduction as a measure of public procurement efficiency in the Ghanaian context. Consequently, it provides empirical evidence of supplier management practices in the public procurement context. A structured questionnaire was used to collect cross-sectional survey data from 170 public procuring entities in Ghana. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to analyse the collected data.

Geographic variation and association of risk factors with incidence of colorectal cancer at small-area level.

Examining spatial distribution of colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence or mortality is helpful for developing cancer control and prevention programs or for generating hypotheses. Such an investigation involves describing the spatial variation of risk factors for CRC and identifying hotspots. The aim of this study is to identify county-level risk factors that may be associated with the incidence of CRC and to map hotspots for CRC in Florida. County-level CRC cases, recorded in 2018, were obtained from the Florida Department of Health, Division of Public Health Statistics & Performance Management (DPHSM). Data on county-level risk factors were also obtained from the same source. We used Bayesian spatial models for relative incidence rates and produced posterior predictive that indicates excess risk (hotspots) for CRC. The county-level unadjusted incidence rates range from .462 to 3.142. After fitting a Bayesian spatial model to the data, the results show that a decreasing risk of CRC is strongly associated with an increasing median income, higher percentage of Black population, and higher percentage of sedentary life at county level. Using exceedance probability, it is also observed that there are clustering and hotspots of high CRC incidence rates in Charlotte County in South Florida, Hernando, Sumter and Seminole counties in central Florida and Union and Washington counties in north Florida. Among few county-level variables that significantly explained the spatial variation of CRC, income disparity may need more attention for resource allocation and developing preventive intervention in high-risk areas for CRC.

Fragmentation and performance dialogues in public management

PurposeLack of knowledge and performance information sharing between actors is one manifestation of fragmentation in public performance management. This study aims to understand what managerial means are used for connecting performance dialogues and how these means affect fragmentation in performance management.Design/methodology/approachIn this cross-sectional research design, the authors reviewed documents, interviewed public managers, observed workshops and held thematic discussions with public managers in one Finnish municipality. To analyze the empirical data, the authors used thematic analysis and both inductive and deductive research approaches.FindingsThe analysis revealed nine managerial means that public managers use for connecting performance dialogues to decrease fragmentation. These were (1) defining the division of labor between different dialogues, (2) assigning resources for performance dialogues, (3) generating convincing narratives for promoting collaboration, (4) providing the same performance information to collaborators, (5) building joint information systems, (6) establishing integrative performance dialogue hubs, (7) naming the gatekeepers, (8) offering training for dialogues and (9) synchronizing performance dialogues. Based on our findings, most of these means can preserve, increase or decrease fragmentation depending on their design.Originality/valueThe results of the study are valuable because the performance management literature has not investigated what managerial means are used to connect performance dialogues and how these means can preserve, increase or decrease fragmentation.

Construction of the Public Management Performance Assessment Algorithm Using Fuzzy Clustering.

This paper analyzes the limitations of the current public management performance evaluation system, puts forward a public management performance evaluation model based on fuzzy clustering, and expounds on the theoretical framework and principle of this method. In addition, this paper introduces the concept and method of public management performance evaluation into the evaluation content system of government under the rule of law and realizes the combination of government under the rule of law theory and public management performance evaluation methodology. At the same time, through the analysis of the organizational system, technical system, institutional mechanism, result orientation, public satisfaction, and related index content, a public management performance evaluation index system is designed. Through macro and micro, qualitative and quantitative analysis and evaluation, the performance evaluation index system is improved, which provides an objective basis for forecasting and decision-making, control, and adjustment. The research shows that the highest accuracy of this clustering method can reach about 96%, and its accuracy is about 10% higher than that of the ID3 algorithm. It is expected that this research can make some contributions to the research of the public management performance evaluation index system. At the same time, it highlights the importance of research on performance evaluation of government ruled by law.

Analysis of Public Management Performance Evaluation Model Based on Fuzzy DEA Model

The evaluation of public management performance is the key to identify the effectiveness of the work of public administration, and public policy is an important guarantee for the orderly promotion of the work of public administration; therefore, it is important to analyze the effectiveness of public management policies to evaluate public management performance. Taking environmental protection policies as an example, this paper constructs an environmental‐economic DEA efficiency analysis model using the DEA method to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of EEE in different provinces of China. It is found that EEE is highly correlated with the regional economic development level and is highly influenced by policy fluctuations, but the overall EEE of different provinces from 2016 to 2020 tends to be consistent and has a certain degree of stability. The conclusions of this paper have important implications for policy guidance, emphasizing the need to focus on the coordination of economic development and environmental protection, and the need for the improvement of the environmental policy system to be continuously optimized in an incremental manner, taking into account the actual situation of local development.

The impact of rational and political factors on performance measurement and its utilisation: analysis of municipal governments from Mississippi

ABSTRACT Public performance measurement and management are orthodox practices, but existing scholarship heavily focuses on large and exemplary cities. Thus, generalising lessons from large municipalities to smaller, and mostly rural, localities has been challenging. This study uses an updated rational/technocratic and political/cultural framework, focuses on municipalities in Mississippi, and examines the predictors of performance measurement and its utilisation. The results of a survey administered to local municipal officials provide support that organisational capacity is a critical factor for performance measurement adoption. At the same time, innovative culture is necessary for the utilisation of performance measures.

Implementation of Government Performance Accountability System (SAKIP) in Indonesian Local Government (Case of Regional Development Planning Board of Sukabumi Regency)

The use of performance measurement system in the public sector (PMS) has become a panacea in addressing an inefficient bureaucracy that fails to meet the citizen satisfaction by its lethargic service delivery. It has introduced a way for public managers to better generate outcome policy into a concrete-measurable actions. While many countries already demonstrates the benefit of using the system, Indonesia remain struggle in implementing the ideal of performance management particularly in the context of local government that usually lacking of adequate capacity and sources. Despite the continuous support by central government, the diverse of socio-environmental context hinder local government to fully implements of SAKIP. This paper sought to portray the implementation and challenges that is faced by one local government agencies in Sukabumi, West Java Indonesia in implementing Indonesian public performance management system (SAKIP). This paper is using qualitative approach by conducting structured interview to key informants. The results showed that organizational variables have been able to accommodate the implementation of SAKIP policy through units formed specifically in organizational structure and governance regulations, organizational interpretation variables are still necessary to improve the dissemination of policy information to all levels of employees, application variables where the implementation of policies are still experiencing constraints, especially in planning and evaluation, as well as a lack of specific strategies in improving organizational performance. This paper reinforces the results of previous studies related with performance management system in Indonesian local government that its implementation has not been yet showing their best result.

Risk management and management accounting control systems in public sector organizations: a systematic literature review

ABSTRACT While it is becoming pervasive and unavoidable in every organization, risk management (RM) interacts with control systems in public sector organizations (PSOs). This article presents a literature review showing that PSOs design and implement risk-based control systems arbitrarily. This leads to the issue of appropriate integration of RM in management accounting and control systems (MACS). Despite the importance of integrated RM, the existing literature shows that issues of RM are not well integrated at the MACS level, and that a radical cultural shift is still required in PSOs. Future RM studies must provide empirical data about integration in practice.

Collaboration among public organizations: a systematic literature review on determinants of interinstitutional performance

PurposeThe concept of collaboration has received increased attention from scholars in public management, as it has been seen as a viable solution to address “wicked” problems. Solving such problems may require a horizontal collaboration within the same governmental jurisdiction or, vertically, between different levels of government. Despite broad interest from the field of public management, the dynamics of public interinstitutional collaboration have received little attention within the literature. This paper aims to provide a systematic overview of the most significant academic contributions on the topic, highlighting the features of this collaborative context and identifying determinants those can foster its performance.Design/methodology/approachIn total, two main literature streams have occasionally dealt with public interinstitutional collaboration and related performance management: the “collaborative governance” stream and “public network performance”. Through a systematic literature review (SLR), this paper answers the following research question: what has been done and what is missing in order to assess performance in the context of public interinstitutional collaboration?FindingsThe findings of this study suggest that the most relevant papers are those dealing with public interagency collaboration, as this form of collaboration presents several similarities with public interinstitutional circumstances. Furthermore, the authors provide an analysis of the main determinants of public interinstitutional performance, which highlight the effects of trust, power sharing, leadership style, management strategies and formalization on the achievement of efficient and effective collaboration between public entities.Originality/valueBy drawing on two autonomous literature streams, this paper describes the main features of public interinstitutional collaboration. It contributes to the field by offering a systematic overview of how specific performance determinants, which are widely recognized as relevant for collaboration in general, work in the specificity of public–public contexts.

Influence of Culture and Organization Commitment to Performance Managgement of The Covid-19 Pandemic in The Bekasi City Manpower Office

This study aims to determine the effect of work culture and organizational commitment on public management performance, using quantitative descriptive analysis method, with 50 respondents from the Department of Manpower's employees to obtain data both primary and secondary then processed with multiple regression and correlation. There is a positive and significant relationship between the independent variables, namely culture and commitment to the dependent variable, namely management performance, but there are still unsatisfactory valuesThe name of this article is:in organizational commitment, this will be a challenge for the Office to continue to make competency-based performance changes and create a healthy and good bureaucracy.

METHODOLOGICAL AND METHODS PRINCIPLES FOR CALCULATING THE COST PRICE OF EDUCATIONAL SERVICES

Introduction. Reforming the public financial management system envisages a transition from the mechanism of retention of public sector entities to the financing of quality public services and performance management. This causes a change in the ideology of the distribution of budget funds between public sector actors. The key indicator that characterizes the efficiency of public resources and provides an assessment of the activities of any entity is the aggregate costs that form the economic indicator "cost". However, the problems of methodological and methodological nature in the formation of the cost of public services to ensure a rational and reasonable amount of funding and effective management of the use of budget funds remain unresolved. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the methodological and methodological features of the formation of the cost of educational services to provide economic justification of public funding for free economic development and promote effective management of budget funds in the field of education. Method (methodology). Method of system analysis, methods of causal analysis, tabular method. Results. The conceptual and terminological apparatus used in the process of calculating the cost of training specialists has been improved, which specified the study of the technological process of calculating educational services and became the basis for determining the constitutive indicators for calculating their value. The expediency of determining universal approaches to the method of cost accounting and costing within the main administrator of budget funds, taking into account the industry characteristics and technology of production activities. It was established that the most acceptable for institution of higher education of all the studied methods is out-of-order, revealed the essence of out-of-order method and determined the sequence of out-of-order calculation, which allowed to establish the feasibility of calculating educational services in stages (stages) within the order. In this case, the stages (stages) are directly the academic years as technological processes of the production cycle of training. This approach will ensure the formation of the total cost of educational services for the entire period of the production cycle within the "order", as well as allow to determine the actual cost, which will establish the optimal, cost-effective cost of training, provide accounting and analytical relevant information for decision-making on the quality and economic feasibility of providing a certain type of educational services.

Public sector reform and the state of performance management in Portugal: is there a gap between performance measurement and its use?

PurposeThis paper aims to analyse the state of performance management in the Portuguese public sector as part of the efforts towards public administration reform.Design/methodology/approachTheoretically, the authors took Bouckaert and Halligan's (2008, pp. 35–39) approach into consideration to analyse the adoption of performance management practices. This approach was supplemented by an adaptation of Pollitt and Bouckaert's (2011, p. 33) framework to analyse the context for administrative reforms. The used data analysis techniques include documentary analysis (namely legislation and evaluation reports of reform efforts), secondary data analysis and a survey conducted with 296 Portuguese top public managers.FindingsThe findings show that Portuguese public sector organisations adopted several tools to measure performance over the years, but failed to incorporate performance information into their management practices or to properly use it for either internal or external purposes. Concerning the ideal types proposed by Bouckaert and Halligan (2008, p. 36), Portugal is considered to fit the “performance administration” ideal type, even though it is moving closer to the “managements of performance” ideal type.Originality/valueThis is one of the first comprehensive studies on the state of performance management in Portugal framed within the broader context of public sector reforms. The findings will be of interest both to scholars who study public administration reforms and performance management and to Portuguese policy makers and public managers who are interested in understanding and improving the way performance information is measured, incorporated and used in that sector.

Issues Confronting Governance and Implementation: Sustainable Development Goals in Ghana

Based on qualitative data from Ghana, this article explores the issues of governance and the extent to which its potential affects the implementation of sustainable development goals (SDGs). The article argues that, although it is largely understood that governance is about the practice of good government, its potential impact on the implementation of SDGs is limited in Ghana. This study advances that, while the implementation of SDGs in Ghana has paved the way for the application of good governance practice, in some cases, it is still trapped in the institutional and network framework that is touted to hamper quality public service delivery development and progress. However, it is suggested in this context that effective implementation of SDGs can be met if the systems and structures of governance are appropriately aligned using proper checks and balances. Additionally, the level of commitment, rule of law, and accountability must be improved to ensure equal participation for all. Finally, corruption must be fought to restore public confidence in the institutions of government and public sector networks while maintaining public trust and performance management with citizen participation to achieve effective public service delivery.

Quality of life as an indicator of public management performance in the Republic of Kazakhstan

We examine quality of life issues in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Based on systematization of theoretical approaches to the definition of a concept and structure of living standards found in scientific literature and their critical analysis, we have identified and justified the fundamental structural blocks of the quality of life as a complex aggregate indicator reflecting the level of development of many areas of a modern person’s life together affecting the degree of his or her life activity’s efficiency. Using an extensive range of statistical data and tools of economic and mathematical modeling, we aim to identify the degree of influence of macroeconomic indicators that characterize certain areas of human life (healthcare, education, living conditions, security, income level, etc.) on living standards. Given the above, the central hypothesis of this study is that public management of the quality of life in the Republic of Kazakhstan can be more effective if it provides a scientifically grounded system of tools based on the assessment of the quality of life which takes into account both regional and industry specifics, feedback from the population as a recipient of public services, and is based on the principle of integration and consistency of state body management decisions. Results we have obtained imply the existence of a correlation between such quantitative indicators as natural growth, a number of pension recipients, the Gini coefficient and the quality of life index determined by qualitative indicators: general life satisfaction of the population and the level of perception of happiness. Results of the study confirm current trends in the socio-economic development of Kazakhstan, characterized by income inequality issues in both intersectoral and interregional sections, aggravated against the background of the global pandemic threat, the recession of a prolonged nature, and other external shocks and challenges. Based on the results obtained, the authors conclude that the key causes of socio-economic differentiation in Kazakhstan are associated with a weak institutional environment and weak performance of formal institutions. The quality of institutions impacts the process of socio-economic development in a creative way, including through the formation of an appropriate institutional environment regulating the entire set of socio-economic relations. This circumstance emphasizes the priority of challenges state management bodies face in the context of improving the existing institutional environment, which allows determination of rational behavior boundaries for people and economic entities to optimize and stabilize the socio-economic development of the state as a whole. We have developed and proposed a number of suggestions and recommendations for improving the existing institutional environment and the system of state management, practical implementation of which should reduce the existing large gap in income levels as the main factor of living standards in Kazakhstan.

Sustainability Managers: The Job Roles and Competencies of Building Sustainable Cities and Communities

Sustainable development has been a local public policy concern for nearly three decades. Accordingly, the demand for hiring sustainability professionals is increasing within local governments. However, the job of a municipal sustainability manager is notably understudied as extant literature provides little clarity on who fills these positions, what their job entails, and how they perform their job. This article seeks to address these important research questions by examining the qualifications (who), job responsibilities and work activities (what), as well as the sustainability management competencies that experienced professionals identify as most valuable for performing their sustainability manager job (how). Twenty-six sustainability professionals employed by twenty-five different municipalities across Canada were interviewed. Our results contribute to the public administration literature by providing foundational information on an understudied job that is increasingly important to public performance. Moreover, our findings contribute to the public performance and sustainability management literatures by surfacing eleven competencies linked to sustainability management. Ultimately, this article presents a detailed assessment of the specific job of a municipal sustainability manager from the perspective of incumbents who have demonstrated job performance; thus contributing salient information for continued progress toward achieving more sustainable cities and communities (Sustainable Development Goal #11).