Public Political Participation Research Articles

The obscure politics of artificial intelligence: a Marxian socio-technical critique of the AI alignment problem thesis

AbstractThere is a growing feeling that artificial intelligence (AI) is getting out of control. Many AI experts worldwide stress that great care must be taken on the so-called alignment problem, broadly understood as the challenge of developing AIs whose actions are in line with human values and goals. The story goes that ever more powerful AI systems are escaping human control and might soon operate in a manner that is no longer guided by human purposes. This is what we call the AI-out-of-control discourse which, in this paper, we critically examine and debunk. Drawing on complementary insights from political theory, socio-technical studies and Marxian political economy, we critique the supposed animistic and autonomous nature of AI, and the myth of the uncontrollability of AI. The problem is not that humanity has lost control over AI, but that only a minority of powerful stakeholders are controlling its creation and diffusion, through politically undemocratic processes of decision-making. In these terms, we reframe the alignment problem thesis with an emphasis on citizen engagement and public political participation. We shed light on the existing politics of AI and contemplate alternative political expressions whereby citizens steer AI development or stop it in the first place.

The interests, ideas, and institutions shaping public participation in local climate change governance in Ireland

ABSTRACT Public participation in local governance is crucial for effective climate action and for ensuring that policies are designed in a way that respects the rights of communities. Policy developments and choices are shaped by the groups that participate, by the ideas that they hold, and by the institutions that enable and constrain their participation. This paper seeks to understand local climate change governance in Ireland by identifying the environmental interests and the ideas of the groups that participate, and by examining how they engage with institutionalised local policymaking processes and with the organisations that represent the officially recognised views of the country’s national environmental movement. An analysis of survey data collected from the groups that are members of one of Ireland’s Public Participation Networks shows that a majority of groups are small, rural, voluntary, interested in a wide variety of environmental issues and have a pro-ecological worldview. Most groups follow a pro-institutional advocacy strategy at the local level, while only a minority interact with the national environmental movement, mostly limiting their engagement to the acquisition of information. This paper contributes to the literature that examines how interests, ideas, and institutions shape public participation in local climate politics.

Public Political Participation at Simultaneous Parliamentary and Presidential Elections, Indonesia

One of the most important parts of an election process is the participation of the community. The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of community participation that did not reach the national target in the 2019 simultaneous general election in Tanah Bumbu district of South Kalimantan province. Public political participation in the general election of members of the Regency / City DPRD in Tanah Bumbu Regency did not reach the national target because the public did not understand the importance of the election by preferring to carry out their economic activities rather than attending invitations to polling stations. The behavior of voters with profit and loss considerations has a great effect on the absence. The next stage requires socialization carried out by candidates from competing parties regarding their vision and mission in building the region.

Review Of Political Representation Through Representative-Constituent Relations: Case Study Of Members Of The DPR-RI 2014-2019 West Java Electoral District IX PDI-Struggle Faction Maruarar Sirait

Political parties play a crucial role as a means of public political participation and are expected to serve as institutions for educating the public about politics. This creates an obligation for political parties to provide political education to the public. This research aims to analyze the role of political parties in implementing political education for the public. The method used is a literature review. Data collection involves studying various secondary sources, including books, scientific journals, expert opinions, and other relevant sources related to the research problem. The analysis is carried out descriptively and qualitatively to elaborate on the research findings. Political parties are organized groups with members who share common goals and values, primarily seeking political power based on their policies. They encourage political participation by seeking and educating the public to engage in political activities. The function of political parties in providing political education to the public aims to enhance the understanding of good political culture among the public. Political parties can collaborate with the public in conducting political education through political socialization, political education, and campaigning. Such political education should help prevent the occurrence of money politics, black campaigns, and vote-buying during elections.

The Role Of Political Parties In Political Education To Society

Political parties play a crucial role as a means of public political participation and are expected to serve as institutions for educating the public about politics. This creates an obligation for political parties to provide political education to the public. This research aims to analyze the role of political parties in implementing political education for the public. The method used is a literature review. Data collection involves studying various secondary sources, including books, scientific journals, expert opinions, and other relevant sources related to the research problem. The analysis is carried out descriptively and qualitatively to elaborate on the research findings. Political parties are organized groups with members who share common goals and values, primarily seeking political power based on their policies. They encourage political participation by seeking and educating the public to engage in political activities. The function of political parties in providing political education to the public aims to enhance the understanding of good political culture among the public. Political parties can collaborate with the public in conducting political education through political socialization, political education, and campaigning. Such political education should help prevent the occurrence of money politics, black campaigns, and vote-buying during elections.

MODAL SOSIAL MASYARAKAT KECAMATAN BUNGURAN SELATAN DALAM PARTISIPASI POLITIK

This study aims to find out what capital the people of South Bunguran District have in political participation. The method used in this study is a qualitative approach with a discrete type of research. The results of the study show that the high level of community participation in politics in Bunguran Selatan District cannot be separated from three important aspects which are the social capital of the people in the District, such as the network aspect. Trust and norms, the mass media is one of the social assets of society in participating in politics. With the mass media, people are able to get to know the candidates who will fight in the democratic party. The existence of the mass media plays an important role in increasing public participation in politics. Aspects of trust is also one of the important aspects in politics. Public trust in political candidates greatly influences people's participation in politics. Social norms are benchmarks in participating to assess couples who will be a five-year extension of society who will air their grievances. Factors such as personality are still the main capital of candidates in attracting public participation. Even though there are three aspects of social capital in society in politics, the practice of money politics still haunts the people in the sub-district in making choices in politics.

Increasing Public Participation in the 2024 Elections: A Stakeholders Mapping Analysis Approach

In the context of the successful implementation of the 2024 General Election it is necessary to have the synergy of Stakeholders/stakeholders from all groups involved. Stakeholders have a role to play in realizing better democracy, one of which is through increasing people's political participation in the midst of situations and conditions that are still in the recovery period due to the Covid-19 Pandemic. The existence of this problem requires concrete new steps in dealing with this unusual situation by maximizing the role of stakeholders. The purpose of this study is to map the roles of various stakeholders involved in maximizing the role of each actor in building synergy in the implementation of elections which directly or indirectly affect the level of community political participation in the. This study uses a type of qualitative research using secondary data analysis techniques in writing. The results of the stakeholder mapping show that the central and local governments are the contest setters, KPU, Bawaslu, NGOs, the media and political parties as players, candidates and pairs of candidates are designated as subjects, and the voting public as crowds. With the stakeholder mapping in the 2024 Election, this can be used as a strategic policy step to increase public political participation in the 2024 Election.

Role of Media Management and social media in Election Campaign in India: A Case Study of 2019 General Election

The social media behemoths Facebook, Twitter, Google, and YouTube have become significant players in the national elections and state assembly elections in India. Social media has grown in importance as a campaigning tool in the Indian electoral system. These new media platforms are believed to play a key role in luring voters, particularly the new generation of young adults. Political parties and candidates can more quickly and efficiently reach a huge number of voters thanks to social media. Social media, as opposed to traditional media, enables politicians to actively communicate with potential voters. Social media enables political parties and candidates to communicate their values, objectives, and accomplishments with voters directly, giving them a sense of increased involvement in the election.
 Candidates may more easily track participation on social media and provide their supporters with a behind-the-scenes look at their campaign. The gathering of news that is most pertinent to important target audiences is also made easier by these new media platforms. Research is crucial because social media usage is on the rise and has been proved to be significant. The current study focuses on the usage and growth of social media in the political sphere and how it affects public participation in politics and society at large. The study will first look at the growth of social media as a voter outreach tool.

Affective Polarization: Not Always Between Ingroup Vs Outgroup (Evidence from Twitter Conversation with Keywords Jokowi and PDIP)

The current development of information technology has transformed the form of public participation in politics. Political participation not only occurs in the real world but also in virtual spaces, and this is a manifestation of a smart society. Forms of political participation in virtual spaces, such as those observed on social media, give rise to the phenomenon of affective polarization, which is polarization based on likes and dislikes between internal and external groups. While some scholars have focused on affective polarization in the context of ingroup and outgroup dynamics within social media, there is still limited research on polarization occurring within the same ingroup. This study aims to address this gap by examining the phenomenon of affective polarization on Twitter, using the keywords 'PDIP' and 'Jokowi.' These hashtags emerged as reactions to a video segment of Megawati's speech that criticized Jokowi. By employing sentiment and content analysis on 964 tweets and user accounts, we found that 67% of Twitter users expressed negative sentiments towards Megawati's remarks about Jokowi, and these Twitter users included both Jokowi's supporters and neutral users. This result demonstrates that affective polarization not only occurs between internal and external groups but can also happen within the same group. These findings contribute to the advancement of research on affective polarization in the online context.

Institutionalization of youth policy in Ukraine as a factor influencing the level of public political participation of youth

Institutionalization of youth policy in Ukraine as a factor influencing the level of public political participation of youth

He Role of Communication in Improving Community Political Participation

This study aims to determine the factors that influence the level of public political participation in the general election of the Regional Head of Kubu Raya Regency in 2013. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. The research subjects or informants in this study were essential informants, principal informants, and key informants. Two sources of data were used in this study, namely primary and secondary data. The results of the study indicate that there are five types of factors that influence political participation: 1) a factor that stimulates participation, the emergence of the influence of someone who wants to contribute to political life; 2) the figure popularity factor, indirectly informants automatically choose a partner they already know; 3) factors of personal characteristics of voters, approach forms the personal characteristics of an individual included in the character of the electorate; 4) socio-political factors of social status, including several factors such as economy, group, race, ethnicity, one's beliefs; 5) the role of social institutions, public political participation can be increased through social institutions.

The Role of Communication in Building Cooperation Between Members of the Islamic Student Association Commissariat of the Faculty of Social Sciences, North Sumatra State Islamic University

Indonesia is a democratic country, with the highest authority in the hands of the people having an important role in aspects of state life. Therefore, it is very important for people to know about the life of the nation and state or in other words politics. Without political awareness, the level of public political participation is also low which can have an impact on obstacles to national development. Political awareness can be obtained through several things, one of which is joining organizations, especially for students to join student organizations. Student organizations are divided into two, namely intracampus and extrasemous organizations. Intracampus Student Organizations are student organizations that exist in universities and receive student activity funds from college managers and/or from ministries/institutions. This student organization both intracampus and extracrees has played a positive role in providing students with an understanding of political life. One of them is the extra-general organization of the Islamic Student Association. The Islamic Student Association (HMI) is an extractcoat organization founded in Yogyakarta on February 5, 1947/14 Rabi'ul early 1366 H which was initiated by the Pane

The Public Participation of Civic Initiative Groups during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Romania. An Exploration of Public Participation Definitions, Obstacles, and Opportunities

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant changes to the daily lives of citizens, their interactions with their communities, the nongovernmental sector and the public administration, as well as threatening the continuity of the civic initiatives they had developed. This paper draws on the scientific literature on public participation and uses qualitative methods of inquiry (semi-structured interviews) to explore how external factors, in this case the COVID-19 pandemic, affected the public participation of citizens organised in civic initiative groups in Bucharest, Romania. One key contribution of the study pertains to the interplay between practice and the conceptual level of public participation. In this respect, the results showed that many members of civic group perceive it to be genuinely contradictory in practice in their definitions of public participation. However, their ideal visions of public participation in genuine democratic politics are markedly collaborative. The research showed that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on civic groups has been quite limited, adding obstacles to public participation but also enabling opportunities. In particular, it can be concluded that the pandemic has exacerbated pre-existing challenges. It should also be noted that co-creation of public services can be defined by a certain level of continuity, especially in the case of civic groups that were involved in co-initiation.

THE SUCCESSFUL OF THEO-DEMOCRACY IN IRAN: SPIRIT OF NEO-REVIVALISM TO BE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC ROLE MODEL

The Islamic Republic of Iran is a case study of the rise of Muslims inspired by the Islamic Neo-Revivalism movement which views that westernization and modernization are considered to have failed in responding to the political challenges of corruption, economic decline, social injustice, and spiritual malaise, such as the pre-Islamic period. After the success of the 1979 Iranian revolution, it was a turning point in the political and security constellations of Iran and the West which resulted in the emergence of collective inspiration from Muslims around the world for Iran's persistence in implementing theo-democracy principles which the West considered as a setback. This paper is an analytical study using a qualitative-descriptive approach. The results of this study regarding on Iran's theocracy and democracy principles, proved of the successful; a) public participation in politics; b) fulfillment of the rights of women and minorities; c) freedom of the press; d) effectiveness of general elections; e) a puralistic political party system; f) good governance.

Influence of Project Planning on Economic Development Projects in Kajiado West Sub County, Kenya

Lack of or poor public participation in politics, policy discussions, and the ability to demand accountability of the government is a major deficit of democracy in Kenya. The general objective of the study was to analyse the influence of community participation on economic development projects in the Kajiado West sub-county, Kenya. The variables of interest were to examine the influence of community participation in project planning, project implementation, project monitoring and evaluation, and project coordination on economic development projects. The research methodology was mixed triangulation research which involved the use of both qualitative and quantitative approaches in data collection, analysis, and data interpretation. The study adopted a descriptive research design to allow the collection of comprehensive data. The target population was 1500 participants out of the entire population of the Kajiado West sub-county, which was approximately 104,376 people as per the 2009 population census. The sample size was 150 respondents from five wards. The collection of data was carried out using questionnaires and interview schedules. Questionnaires were circulated to traders, village elders, religious leaders, and farmers, while structured interviews were conducted with MCAs, chiefs, and assistant chiefs. The qualitative data was analysed using content analysis, while the quantitative data was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The descriptive statistics entailed mean, standard deviation, and frequencies, while the inferential statistics entailed the person correlation and regression analysis. The study found that community participation in project planning, project implementation, project monitoring and evaluation, and project coordination on economic development projects were positively and significantly associated.

SOCIAL CONFLICT IN PUBLIC SERVICES PROGRAM: A CASE IN HANDLING COVID-19 IN KELURAHAN WANASARI BEKASI REGENCY

Social conflicts in the community, both small and major conflicts, are common phenomena that often arise. This also occurs in public service activities carried out by the government. The problem is how these problems arise in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic until the end of 2021. This research uses the case study method, while the data is collected using the PAR (Participation Action Research) method. This study shows that in the handling of the program during this pandemic, social conflicts emerged, although only at the level of social media, especially through WhatsApp (WA) but had implications for the response of citizens who participated in the vaccination program. The results of this study recommend the need for efforts to develop better public policies and the socialization process to increase public political participation in supporting government programs.

Theoretical-legal and comparative aspects of the concept of participation democracyas one of the political-legal grounds of municipal authority

Introduction. The article deals with the study of the essence and features of participatory democracy as one of the political and legal foundations of municipal power. Recognition of Ukraine as a social, democratic and legal state, as well as the establishment of a European integration course contributes to the improvement of legal provisions dedicated to the regulation of political activity of citizens and, in particular, participatory democracy. In today’s world, participatory democracy is a reflection of the practical positive European experience of citizen participation in the political and managerial sphere of society at the local level. Although, at first glance, participatory democracy seems to be a manifestation of purely political activity, not all forms of public activity belong to participatory democracy, just as participatory democracy is not limited to the political sphere. Summary of the main research results. The author studies the existing approaches to the interpretation of participatory democracy, and provides his own definition with the identification of specific characteristics, including: 1) public involvement in the management of state and public affairs at the local level; 2) territorial community as the smallest economic unit of participatory democracy; 3) the procedure for the response of public authorities to the institutions of participatory democracy is enshrined in law; 4) the basis of participatory democracy - direct public political participation; 5) participatory democracy is an independent form, along with direct and representative democracies. Two factors of actualization of participatory democracy are singled out: 1) the process of decentralization of public power - the reform of local self-government; and 2) the spread of information technology and the emergence of society as a post-industrial. The author states the following: 1) at the normative level there is no consolidation of democracy of participation; 2) in the scientific literature, along with the concept of “participatory democracy” there are also “local democracy”, “inclusive democracy”, “democracy of participation”, which are considered synonymous; 3) in the legal doctrine there is no common understanding of the concept of “participatory democracy”, which is due to the numerous views of scholars on the interpretation of this concept. Conclusions. It has been established that participatory democracy is a special form of democracy, the core of which is the direct public political participation of citizens at the level of local self-government, which contributes to the proper implementation of municipal public authority. It is noted that under the influence of information technology (informatization process), participatory democracy is gaining a new way of implementation, which is being transformed into e-participatory democracy, which is one of the components of digital democracy.

Political Participation During Pandemic in the Local Election of Soppeng Regency, Indonesia

This study aims to find out how the Political Participation of the Community in the Implementation of the 2020 Simultaneous Regional Elections in Soppeng Regency and also to find out the supporting and inhibiting factors of Community Political Participation in the Implementation of the 2020 Simultaneous Regional Elections. The type of research used is a qualitative research method and the type of research is descriptive. Data collection techniques using observation and interviews. The process of data analysis was carried out in several stages, namely checking all data, interview results, data reduction, presenting data and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that the Political Participation of the Community in the Implementation of the 2020 Simultaneous Regional Head Elections in Soppeng Regency is influenced by several indicators, namely (1) Social and Economic Status. (2) Situation (3) Political awareness (4) Trust in the government. The supporting factor in public political participation is the political awareness of the community to choose its leader, while the inhibiting factors are bad weather, Covid-19, and the number of immigrants.

Analysis of the Decline of Community Political Participation in the Dumai City Regional Head Election in 2020

This research is motivated by the decline in public political participation in the Dumai city regional head election in 2020. This can be seen based in 2015 the percentage of public political participation was 67.86% while in 2020 63.01% took part in the regional head election. Dumai city. The low level of public political participation is influenced by social and economic factors, situational factors, political awareness factors, trust in the government, and mass media factors. The formulation of the problem in this research is what is the main cause of the decline in the level of public political participation in the 2020 Dumai City Election. Analysis of Descriptive Quantitative Data. The research instrument used a questionnaire consisting of 22 questions. The population in this study was 207,736 residents of Dumaicity with a sample of 100 respondents obtained using the Yemen formula. . of trust in government. Recommendations in this study are for the Dumai City Government to be able to carry out government programs and provide assistance to the community to increase public trust in the government, and for the KPU to be able to hold election socialization both directly and through the masses. media, and so that the public can participate in all forms. political activities and elections in their respective regions, and for further researchers, it is hoped that it can be an inspiration and an illustration for further research.

Konsistensi Pembuatan Norma Hukum dengan Doktrin Judicial Activism dalam Putusan Judicial Review

This study intends to explain the consistency of the Constitutional Court (MK) in making new legal norms by using the doctrine of judicial activism and to explain the factors that underlie the consistency of the Constitutional Court in making new legal norms through normative juridical research by explaining the principles, principles, and analysis of interrelated decisions. This study concludes that the Constitutional Court is inconsistent because it only grants and makes new legal norms in the Constitutional Court Decision Number 5/PUU-V/2007. Meanwhile, in the Constitutional Court's Decision Number 53/PUU-XV/2017, the Constitutional Court refused to make a new norm even though the two cases created discrimination and limited public participation in politics. The inconsistency factors include: 1) jurisprudence factors, 2) the application cannot convince the majority of the judges of the Constitutional Court, and 3) the paradigm factor of judges.