Public Management Tools Research Articles

Efficiency in Municipal Management: Participatory Budgeting and its Relationship with Public Projects in Rural Areas in Peru

The Participatory Budget is a key tool in public management that seeks to improve transparency and efficiency in local projects. The objective of the study was to analyze the relationship between the Participatory Budget (PP) and the Public Investment Projects (PIP) in the Municipality of Anco Churcampa, Huancavelica, during the year 2020, to evaluate how citizen participation influences the effectiveness and efficiency of publicly funded projects. For this purpose, a quantitative correlational approach with a cross-sectional design was used. A structured questionnaire was applied to 42 participants, among whom were municipal authorities and representatives of civil society. The collected data were analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, which allowed the association between the PP and PIP variables to be evaluated. The results showed a positive and significant correlation between the dimensions of the PP, such as preparation, consultation, coordination and formalization, and the perception of success in the PIP. It was observed that the average levels of perception in the PP corresponded with average levels in the perceived effectiveness of the PIPs, which underlines the importance of well-structured participatory management. In conclusion, the study highlights that the PP is a fundamental tool to improve the transparency and effectiveness of the PIPs, highlighting the need to strengthen citizen participation in decision-making to promote more equitable and sustainable local development.

The Impact of Globalization on Economic Security and Innovative Public Management Tools for the Development of Strategies for Ensuring the Spheres of National Security

"The article represents an attempt of comprehending modern processes and overall landscape of public management, determining the urgent necessity for innovative tools introduction. In particular, it is shown that today geoeconomics paradigm and securitization approach create extremely complex and ever changing, hardly predictable environment for public management, pushing states to apply Agile concept."

Multi-Criteria Analysis for Assessing Flood Susceptibility in the Municipality of Conselheiro Lafaiete (MG)

Objective: To evaluate the susceptibility to flooding in the municipality of Conselheiro Lafaiete – Minas Gerais, using the Hierarchical Analytical Process method. Theoretical Framework: Floods are events that affect several Brazilian cities, where the main related factors are denoted by the morphometric characteristics of the river basin(s) that comprise them, associated with slope, hypsometry, soil typology and use and land occupation. In this sense, multi-criteria analyzes are fundamental for mapping areas of susceptibility to flooding in river basins. Method: The study proceeded by characterizing the study area, integrating the diagnosis of the drainage system, morphometric analysis of the river basin in which Conselheiro Lafaiete is integrated, and the application of the Hierarchical Analysis Method (AHP) to map areas susceptibility to flooding of the river basin. Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed [synthesize the main results of the research]. In the discussion section, these results are contextualized in light of the theoretical framework, highlighting the implications and relationships identified. Possible discrepancies and limitations of the study are also considered in this section. Research Implications: The study indicates gaps in Conselheiro Lafaiete PMSB with regard to urban drainage and points out, through mapping, the areas of the municipality most susceptible to the occurrence of flood events. Originality/Value: The mapping of areas susceptible to flooding carried out for Conselheiro Lafaiete considered a multi-criteria approach, integrating anthropogenic factors. The product can be applied as a basic tool for public management regarding urban drainage and flood risk management in the municipality.

Формы PR-биографии в контексте жанровой системы

The aim of the research is to identify the main genre forms of the PR biography, their specificity in application, the features of interaction in communication processes and their effective utilization in PR activities. The paper examines the features of using fundamental forms of the PR biography such as summary biographies, story biographies, and narrative biographies, studying their properties in both theoretical and practical aspects. The scientific novelty lies in contributing to science through a comprehensive analysis of PR biographies as a tool for shaping public opinion and reputation management. This enriches the theoretical database of genres with new aspects of their structural-stylistic diversity and functionality. For the first time in the realm of Russian communicative culture, there has been an in-depth study of the relationships between various forms of PR biographies and their effectiveness in goal setting and achieving communicative tasks. Furthermore, the scientific novelty lies in the application of a comprehensive approach combining analytical, comparative, and empirical methods to assess the practical use of PR biographies, revealing new trends and techniques in creating this genre of texts not previously explored in scientific literature. This research emphasizes the importance of the PR biography genre in the context of communication strategies and public relations. The research findings show that PR biographies can take various forms and combine genre models, enhancing text perception efficiency through the use of established forms from the practice of public relations. In addition, mechanisms from other discourses, such as interviews, confessions, newspaper articles, and chronicles, are actively involved in PR biographies, highlighting the need for systematic text updating and maintenance to keep them current.

Budgetary Tools of Public Management of the Reconstruction and Restoration Processes in Local Communities of Ukraine

The article clarifies the essence and systematizes the principles of reconstruction and recovery processes in communities, substantiates the role of budgetary instruments in the public administration of these processes at the local level in Ukraine in war conditions and considering the prospects of post-war recovery. The main principles of reconstruction and recovery in Ukraine are considered, including the immediate start and gradual escalation of the process, increasing well-being based on the principles of justice, integration into the European Union, orientation to the process of better reconstruction for the future, stimulation of private investments, focus on reforms, transparency, accountability and rule of law, democratic participation and multi-stakeholder engagement, gender equality and sustainable development, etc. The main spheres of reconstruction and restoration in Ukrainian communities include both economic and social spheres, including reconstruction of infrastructure, housing stock, security and demining, social support, support of local enterprises, creation of new jobs, stimulation of economic development, etc. The role of the budget in the processes of reconstruction and recovery in communities was studied not only as a source of financing, but also considering its administrative potential. Along with the instruments of direct financing of reconstruction projects from the state and local budgets (local budgets, reserve fund, subventions, recovery funds, assistance of international partners), the importance of the administrative and organizational potential of the budget has been proven. It has been proven that the program-target budget is an important tool for public administration of reconstruction and recovery processes, as it provides strategic planning, targeted financing, prioritization of measures, determination of results, cost effectiveness, monitoring and evaluation, transparency and openness, public involvement. Considering the significant potential of the budget as an administrative tool, the direction of further research is determined by the theoretical justification of the essence, structure, goals, and objectives of the complex financial and budgetary mechanism of public administration of reconstruction and restoration processes in communities.

Spatial Modeling of Groundwater Potential in the North of Minas Gerais, Brazil: An Integrated Approach Using Machine Learning and Environmental Data

In arid and semi-arid regions, like the North of Minas Gerais (NMG) in Brazil, groundwater serves as a crucial resource. Due to the anticipated surge in demand for these resources, devising effective strategies for managing and analyzing water resources is vital. This study aims to model the spatial distribution of potential groundwater areas in the NMG by evaluating six Machine Learning Algorithms based on water flow data from 4,028 tubular wells (Groundwater Information System - SIAGAS). The modeling was supported by environmental covariates connected with water dynamics (climate, geology, relief, soil, and vegetation). The covariate selection technique (RFE- Recursive Feature Elimination) selected the most important ones. The Random Forest (RF) model was the most efficient in the prediction (R2 0.16 and an RMSE of 17.50 m3/h). The model captured the influence of critical environmental covariates. The central and western regions of the NMG exhibited the highest groundwater potential, with flow values from tubular wells in these areas 620% higher than the eastern regions. This disparity can be attributed to the significant presence of psamitic, and carbonate sedimentary rocks characterized by high porosity and fissures, extensive plateaus (recharge zones), and higher rainfall levels observed in the central and western regions. The mapping results can serve as a valuable tool for public management, especially to define areas suitable for groundwater use in the NMG. We encourage future studies for advances and improvements in groundwater modeling processes in the region.

Legal characteristics of internal financial audit as a tool for public management of the quality of public finances (financial management)

The article examines the legal regulation of internal financial audit in relation to the system of state management of public finances. A legal and economic parallel is drawn between public financial management in economic and legal terms. According to the author, quality management is carried out in the following areas of public finance management assessment: quality of management organization in the field of public finance; the quality of the use of public resources. While internal financial audit contributes to the improvement of financial management and is aimed at minimizing risks in the implementation of budgetary procedures, the formation of proposals and recommendations for the effective management of «budgetary processes» in the course of financial management.The legal essence is considered and the types of budgetary procedures are identified, in the context of which the budgetary powers of the main administrators of budgetary funds are exercised.

Бюджетні дефіцити і державний борг України під впливом шоків пандемії та повномасштабної агресії

Introduction. The extraordinary conditions for the government’s functioning during the pandemic and warfare provoked a strong respose of the state institutions, as a result of which the size of budget deficit in Ukraine over 2022-2023 exceeded a lot the historical values and averages for the different country groups as most indicators of the debt burden worsened, generating the danger of debt unsustainability. Problem Statement. Identification of the nature of Ukraine’s fiscal policy through the lens of past and contemporary global phenomenon, identification of macro-financial factors impacting he state of debt sustainability under the extreme conditions, analysis of debt burden indicators and fiscal risks in order to outline the ways of solving the fiscal and debt problems in Ukraine. Purpose. To reveal the global patterns and national features of the expansive fiscal policy conduct and public debt accumulation in emergency conditions which are connected with the pandemic and military actions , to investigate the factors of Ukrainian government’s solvency deterioration and to assess the relevant risks, as well as to define the tools of public debt management in the medium run. Methods. General scientific and special methods are applied: analysis and synthesis, description and comparison, historical method, method of theoretical generalization and abstract-logical method. Results. It has been found that the impact of operations of the general government on aggregate demand in Ukraine was positive in 2020, 2021 and 2022, and this situation was in sharp contrast to the period of 2015-2019, when fiscal policy produced restrictive effects. Fiscal policy in Ukraine was of pro-cyclical nature in 2014-2018 and turned to countercyclical stance only in 2020 with sustaining this course until 2023. It has been proven that in Ukraine the debt sustainability criteria are violated across major part of debt burden indicators , that signal the high solvency risks and liquidity risks for general government; moreover, relative to 2019, the dynamics of most indicators in 2020 and 2022-2023 were unfavorable. Computations conducted indicate that refinancing risks, foreign exchange and interest rate risks inherent to the structure of public debt have increased significantly with the start of hostilities in Ukraine. Conclusions. In the post-war period, contraction of budget deficit and well-balanced restructuring of the external public debt should become the main levers for debt reduction. Effective management of public debt with consideration of existing risks are important for securing macro-financial stability and active government’s involvement in the post-war reconstruction of the country.

On expanding the possibilities of implementing municipal projects of initiative budgeting for the development of physical culture and sports in the regions of Russia

Alm. The purpose of the study is to determine the essence of initiative budgeting as a tool of modern state public management and a mechanism for managing public finances, as well as to assess the institutional conditions for the use of this tool for the socio-economic development of territories, including in the field of physical culture and sports. Materials and methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research was made up of scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of public public management, public values management, public management of sustainable socio-economic development of territories, public finance management, including in the field of physical culture and sports, and methodological approaches formed on the basis of the theory of participatory democracy (participatory democracy) to involve citizens in the budget process, public finance management in general and the mechanism of initiative budgeting in particular. In the course of the study, the institutional conditions for the development of initiative budgeting in Russia in 2014-2021 were analyzed, the foundations of its regulatory support were structured. Special attention is paid to the practices of proactive budgeting in the field of physical culture and sports. Results. Typical models of municipal projects of initiative budgeting in the regions of Russia in the field of financial culture and sports are identified, carried out in the context of organizational and methodological support for the implementation of relevant municipal initiative projects structured in the course of the study. Conclusion. Recommendations are given on expanding thepossibilities ofimplementing municipal projects ofinitiative budgeting, improving theregulatory andmethodological support of projects of local initiatives implemented in the field of physical culture and sports in municipalities of the regions of Russia within the framework of models of initiative budgeting.

About the development of tools financial management in the public administration sector

The authors describe the mechanism of reforming the budget process since 2004, the basic setting of which was the shift of the emphasis of the budget process from "management of budget resources (costs)" to "results management" by increasing responsibility and expanding the independence of participants in the budget process and administrators of budget funds within clear medium-term guidelines. Results-based budgeting (RBB) is defined as the basic tool for public finance management in the budget reform. It is noted that the main goal of effective and responsible public finance management, that is, ensuring the quality of financial management in the public administration sector, is to provide public (state and municipal) services of high quality while increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of budget expenditures. At the same time, it is emphasized that the development of financial management tools in the public administration sector is based on the use of a managerial approach to the management of public (municipal) finances. The rationale for the need to implement a mechanism for monitoring the quality of financial management is illustrated and a multistage process of its improvement in the period 2007-2022 is described.

Results Management and Modernization of Local Governments, A Literary Review

Results-based management has become an important tool for public management, whose main characteristic is to generate better public policies, based on efficient and effective methods of planning, budgeting, project management, monitoring and evaluation. The purpose of this study was to analyze results-based management and modernization of local governments. It was based on a qualitative approach, following a narrative theoretical perspective, under the criteria of origin, language and temporality of the bibliographic compilation. The main search engines such as Scielo, Latindex, Dialnet and Scopus were used to select 15 publications referring to the keywords related to management by results and modernization. Thus, concluding that implementing such management and modernization within local governments is essential to achieve the goals of each of the institutions, which contributes to improving quality, in addition to being efficient and effective in the execution of their work.

Case Study Analysis of Unified and Non-Unified Planning of Urban Public Space

This paper briefly reviews the development history of urban public space management, organizes the public space management tools and methods that accompany urban development, focuses on the analysis of domestic and foreign public space planning cases with different degrees of uniformity, analyzes the problems embedded in urban public space under different plans in the context of relevant design concepts of urban planning, and explores the possibility of disorder-oriented urban planning tools and the balance between uniformity and non-uniformity on the premise of the necessity of uniform planning. The study will explore the possibility of design-oriented urban planning tools and the balance between uniformity and non-uniformity. This paper finds that unified planning is necessary for the planning of urban public spaces, but more attention should be paid to disorderliness in design to avoid disadvantages.

Fire in highland grasslands in the Atlantic Forest Biome, a burned areas time series analysis and its correlation with the legislation

Fire has been an intrinsic ecological component of the ecosystems, affecting the public, economic, and socio-cultural policies of human-nature interactions. Using fire over grassland vegetation is a traditional practice for livestock in the highland grasslands and has economic and environmental consequences that have not yet been understood. A better description of the spatio-temporal biomass burning patterns is needed to analyze the effects of creation and application in these areas. This study used remote sensing techniques based on Sentinel-2 data and machine learning algorithms to identify burning scars and compare them with a national fire collection database for the highland grasslands in the Atlantic Forest Biome in Brazil. The aim is to evaluate public management tools and legislation evolution during the 35 years of the time series analyzed. The results indicated that 12,285 ha of grasslands were converted to other uses, losing about 24% of their original formation, with 10% occurring after banned this practice in 2008. The burned areas classification using the Random Forest algorithm obtained an AUC = 0.9983. Divergences in the burned area’s extent and frequency were found between the municipality’s authorized license and those classified as burned. On average, only 43% of the burned area in the Parque Estadual do Tainhas and its buffer zone had an environmental permit in the last 5 years. This research’s results provide subsidies for revising and creating public policies and consequently help territorial management.

Міжнародні стандарти статистики державного боргу та їх впровадження в систему управління державними фінансами України

Міжнародні стандарти статистики державного боргу та їх впровадження в систему управління державними фінансами України

Spatial Planning as a Public Management Tool in Poland: Premises and Reality

The aim of this paper is to assess the functioning of spatial planning in Poland in the context of public management objectives. Drawing on the concepts of New Public Management, we use the category of stakeholders and public value generated for stakeholders. Two groups of stakeholders in spatial planning are distinguished, namely public (national and local government) entities, and private entities (including individuals and businesses). We describe the mechanisms of stakeholders’ influence on spatial planning and the effects of this influence on the development of space. We found that the actual spatial planning mechanisms in Poland are aberrational from the perspective of public management. The ubiquity of these aberrations (in diverse municipalities) allows us to rule out the most obvious types of causes, particularly the incompetence or corruption of local authorities or administrative apparatus. Therefore, it is postulated that the causes of the aberrations are structural and inherent to the legal system that impacts spatial planning both directly and indirectly. We propose solutions to improve the situation through the appropriate management of relations with stakeholders in processes implemented by a public entity. The article presents a model of such management. A change in the legal context – above all an amendment of the law regulating spatial planning procedures – provides an opportunity to balance the impact of various stakeholders on spatial planning arrangements.

Assessing the Built Environment’s Reflectivity, Flexibility, Resourcefulness, and Rapidity Resilience Qualities against Climate Change Impacts from the Perspective of Different Stakeholders

The frequency and severity of climate change are projected to increase, leading to more disasters, increased built environment system (BES) vulnerability, and decreased coping capacity. Achieving resilience objectives in the built environment is challenging and requires the collaboration of all relevant sectors and professionals. In this study, various stakeholders were engaged, including governmental authorities, regulatory bodies, engineering firms, professionals, contractors, and non-governmental and non-profit organizations (NGOs and NPOs, respectively). The engagement was carried out through the answering of a questionnaire survey that reflects their perceptions about climate change adaptation, the built environment resilience qualities (RQs), and the degree of resilience of the existing built environment and their perceived capacities. The results were analyzed using several statistical tests. The results revealed that advancing public understanding and management tools, reducing economic losses, and developing necessary plans still require improvement. Additionally, the BESs were ranked concerning accepting the change and uncertainty inherited from the past or generated over time. This study emphasized the perception that the decision-making domain is crucial for delivering a reflective built environment. Additionally, features such as advancing public understanding and management tools, reducing economic losses, and developing necessary plans still require improvement. Furthermore, there is a belief in the importance of the task forces within the community as part of an emergency response plan, and a less reflective system would have less recovery speed. Therefore, the rapidity characteristic of a built environmental system to accept the change and uncertainty inherited from the past or generated over time is correlated to the system’s reflectivity quality. This study emphasizes the significant correlation between the different RQ traits. It also encourages researchers to formulate more objective methods to reach a set form for measuring RQs as an engineering standard.

Participatory Budget as a Method of E-democracy Development or Merely a Voting Tool?

The last decades have been a time of dynamic changes in the scope of public management tools, as well as a gradual increase in the participation of citizens at every stage of public decision-making. That is why application of ICT tools in practice of public policy implementation is currently a popular direction of public administration development. The aim of the article is to analyse how this postulate is implemented on the example of Polish participatory budgets. On the basis of quantitative research the authors have analysed participatory budgets that function in towns with powiat rights. In the conclusions it is stated that ICT are applied only partially within the public policy environment and are used to popularise participatory budgets and to facilitate the process of voting for the submitted propositions.

Modern Financial Tools’ Impact on Public Financial Management: The Case of Egypt

The purpose of this study is to examine the managerial impacts of applying modern public financial management (MPFM) tools in financial reform programs on the efficiency of public financial management (PFM) in developing countries, considering the case of the Egyptian reform program implemented during 2005–2015. Applying MPFM tools could improve the efficiency of PFM in developing countries if institutional factors are available to ensure their successful implementation in reform programs. The study adopted a descriptive-analytical method to describe the managerial impact of applying MPFM tools in the financial reform experiences in developing countries. It employed a case study approach on the Egyptian reform experiment to estimate the correlation between applying modern financial tools and the managerial efficiency of PFM assessed through three elements: operational efficiency, allocative efficiency, and financial discipline. The practical study used the IBM SPSS package and MS-Excel to process the data. The results found a positive correlation between the application of modern financial tools and the rate of improvement in the efficiency of PFM in the Egyptian reform program. The study developed a specific model for a deeper understanding of the impacts of MPFM tools on the efficiency of PFM. The model highlighted a strong positive correlation between the successful application of modern PFM tools and the efficiency of PFM and underscored that the availability of the required realtime financial information about governmental revenue and more control over public spending led to achieving financial discipline.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Health Care Systems: Foreign Experience

Purpose of the work to analyze the features of the formation and functioning of the healthcare model and to summarize the experience of applying various methods of managing healthcare systems in developed and developing countries. Research method: descriptive research methods, analogy methods, groupings, scientific factual, systematic, comparative and retrospective analysis are used as instrumental methodological methods for studying the problem, but general scientific research methods (derivation, deduction, collection and processing of statistical information). This provides a basis for comparing the development of public health management tools applied in foreign countries. Analyzing the directions of development of health care systems in developed and developing countries, we find that, depending on the existing health care system, the goals, objectives and mechanisms of development can be similar or differ greatly. The search for the best model, carried out in both developed and developing countries, makes it impossible to create a unified approach to building a health care system that will ensure the creation of the most effective health care system. The effectiveness of the functioning of health care systems and the achievement of the goals set to improve people's health are less related to the implementation of specific management activities but are related to the socio-economic conditions of management. Their implementation and the existing healthcare system. This is confirmed by the similar rates of increase in life expectancy at birth in developed countries, despite significant differences in management tools and a natural difference in management tools.

Public Debt Management Experience: The Case of EECCA Countries

The aim of this study is to cluster the most widely used public debt management tools peculiar to the EECCA (Eastern Europe, Caucasus, and Central Asia) markets. Overall, the results show that the volume of EECCA countries’ public debt relative to GDP declined from 2000 to 2015. However, as their public debt enhanced after 2016 and until 2020, inclusive, the need to choose proper tools for its management intensified. The main cause of public debt in most EECCA countries is the state budget deficit (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan). The second place was taken by the balance of payments deficit (Armenia, Belarus). The only unique country was Azerbaijan, since it is likely to use public debt to finance economic and infrastructure development projects. No less interesting is that not all EECCA member states generate internal public debt. Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, and Uzbekistan have external public debt exclusively due to the lack of free resources that can be attracted from within the economy. In general, the investigation revealed that the main tool for managing internal public debt in EECCA countries is public bonds issued in national and foreign currencies. As for external public debt management, the top position is taken by external public bonds and international loans. The study has only two limitations: methodological and implementation. Other macroeconomic indicators of economic development were not considered, even though they may change the assessment of the effectiveness of the selected tools of public debt management. Meanwhile, the results can only be applied to those countries whose financial market is already formed and who have access to international financial markets. Otherwise, the tools of public debt management are limited.