Design Of Public Facilities Research Articles

The whole journey chain with public transport for people with autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder – a scoping review

ABSTRACT Independent transport mobility is an important contributor to health, well-being, and participation. Several skills and competences are required for a person to use the transport system. The characteristics of cognitive disorders, such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), may pose barriers to independent travel. Methods The study’s aim was to synthesise knowledge on the use of public transport among individuals with ASD or ADHD using the whole journey chain perspective. A scoping review using the PRISMA ScR framework was conducted, and included articles published between January 2012 and June 2022. A total of 11 studies from four countries were included in the analysis. Results This study complements the whole journey chain perspective with a phase that takes place long before the journey begins, and which concerns planning and preparation. Confident travellers could easily learn new routes, while those lacking confidence faced challenges, especially with unexpected route changes or cancellations. Conclusions There is a great need for emphasis on the design of public transport facilities and public spaces to increase the sense of safety for travellers with ASD, and to assist them with information-seeking, comprehension, and recovery between journeys.

Aesthetic Design and Evaluation of Public Facilities in Railway Stations under the Background of Sustainable Development: A Case of an Information Counter at Xiong’an Railway Station

Sustainable development is an important trend for railway stations, and public facilities are essential parts of railway stations. With the sustainable development of railway station construction, the aesthetic design of public facilities is a problem that needs to be solved in the field of industrial design. In this context, this study proposed an aesthetic design and evaluation method for public facilities in railway stations. This method is constructed by combining the Kansei image and AHP (analytic hierarchy process)–FCE (fuzzy comprehensive evaluation) model, and takes the information counter at Xiong’an railway station as an example to illustrate the method. JACKTM is applied to evaluate the ergonomics of the design scheme. The results are as follows. (1) Ecological culture is an important source of Kansei images for aesthetic designs in the context of sustainable development. Kansei words, such as understated, delicate, dynamic, and others, which reflect original simplicity and original nature, are typical semantic features. Simple and smooth shapes are typical form features. (2) An aesthetic design is a system of various elements; the core content of an aesthetic design is to reflect the original aesthetic feeling. On this basis, the elements of simple, harmonious, humanized, and natural constitute the aesthetic design principle. This method is suitable for the aesthetic design and evaluation of public facilities in railway stations, which could provide valuable guidance for the aesthetic design of public facilities in railway stations under the background of sustainable development.

Research on innovative design of public facilities in Jibo City Site Park

Research on innovative design of public facilities in Jibo City Site Park

Design of Public Kitchen Facilities in Stamplat Village with Design Thinking Approach

Stamplat Village is one of the tourist villages that has a public kitchen. Currently, the public kitchen facilities are still inadequate, resulting in a few problems that affect the comfort and productivity of its users. Therefore, this research aims to improve the functionality of kitchen facilities by applying the design thinking method, starting from an in-depth understanding of the problems faced by users to the development of prototypes that can be implemented. The design thinking method was chosen as the main approach to ensure that the solutions produced not only fulfill the functional aspects but can also answer the needs and desires of users. At the beginning of the research, observation, and interview methods were used to collect data from users to understand in detail their difficulties, needs, and expectations regarding kitchen facilities. Observations showed the inconvenience in ingredient preparation, cooking, and washing activities caused by the lack of a worktop. The placement of the stove on the wooden floor caused the wood to be perforated due to the heat from the stove. In addition, the squatting position when washing also causes user discomfort. The lack of storage areas such as cupboards and shelves means that food and kitchen utensils are at risk of being infested by insects and rodents. Furthermore, creative ideas were identified to become design solutions by taking into account the principles of ergonomics. The result of the research is the design of public kitchen facilities consisting of cabinets, shelves, and workbenches.

Research on the Interaction Design of Urban Public Environmental Facilities under the Background of Digital Intelligence

Abstract With the in-depth development of data intelligence, the design of public environmental facilities has gone beyond mere aesthetics and practicality, and is moving towards a deeper integration with interaction design. This paper addresses this trend, discusses the strategies and principles of interaction design for public environmental facilities, and proposes an innovative single-facility siting problem model (MP) and multi-facility siting problem model (MWP). The article solves and analyzes the optimal siting problems in these models using the advanced new projection contraction algorithm (PC). To practically test the effectiveness of these designs, two sets of empirical experiments are conducted to explore them in depth. The results show that the optimized interaction design of the public facilities substantially increased the frequency of users, especially in the period from 15:00 to 15:10 on rest days, the number of users was as high as 43, of which the highest number of users was 46, mainly among the middle-aged and elderly people, especially the middle-aged group. In addition, this interaction design is excellent in satisfying people’s necessary, spontaneous, and social activities, with satisfaction levels of 0.78, 0.71, and 0.62, respectively. The interaction design strategy proposed in this paper effectively enhances the efficiency of the use of the public facilities and profoundly satisfies the users’ daily needs.

Генеральные планы новых городов 1960–1980-х гг.

The features of the general plans of new cities that were built in the USSR in 1960–1980s are studied. The features of the general plans of such cities were due to the fact that the construction of the city was caused by the construction of an industrial facility. The plans were commissioned not by local authorities, but by the directorates of the enterprises under construction or by central departmental institutions. The customers financed the development of master plans. This approach led to a lag in the design of housing and public facilities. The main normative acts on master plans are identified, the state bodies that issued them are indicated. The order of coordination and approval of general plans of cities is studied. The order of approval of master plans of new cities was the same as that of the capitals of the Union republics. The volume of materials that were included in the master plan of the city was analyzed. A reference plan of a new city was developed to accelerate urban planning. Design organizations from all over the country were involved in drawing up master plans of new cities. Master plans of new cities were given great importance. They reflected the requirements to ensure comfortable living conditions for the employees of enterprises, population resettlement in the territory of the country, application of advanced construction and architectural solutions. Master plans of new cities were not only technical, but also legal documents.

기후변화에 대한 도시 웨이파인딩 변화 고찰

This study explores the possibility of a wayfinding system that can reduce carbon emissions in cities facing climate change. First, we investigate the city's response to climate change, analyze the case of path-finding signs considering carbon emissions, and propose a sustainable wayfinding system design direction. Currently, more than half of the world's population lives in cities, and it is expected to increase to 70% by 2050. Therefore, many cities are adopting eco-friendly energy, improving transportation, and recycling waste to combat urban heatwaves and heat islands with the aim of being carbon neutral. Wayfinding systems, one of the utilities, can also reduce maintenance costs and reduce carbon emissions if they utilize sustainable recycled materials or natural elements, use renewable energy, and are expressed directly on roads or walls. In addition, various types of road signs can be implemented through the flexible installation space, and user experience-oriented information considering the surrounding environment will promote walking and cycling, further reducing urban carbon emissions. It is expected that this study will provide a new perspective in consideration of climate change in the design of urban public facilities.

Ecological Interpretation of Regional Elements in the Design of Local and Korean Urban Public Facilities

In the planning and construction of modern city, how to highlight the regional elements of the city and show the ecological design of the city has become the key content. Public facility design is an important part of urban construction. On the one hand, it is directly related to the public life, and on the other hand, it is closely related to the urban context and future development. Based on this, this paper mainly discusses the regional elements and ecological interpretation in the design of urban public facilities in our country and South Korea, aiming to provide reference for the subsequent design. To answer our research question, we begin by constructing a sample of all Chinese non- financial firms listed in the A-share market between 2007 and 2018 (n=29,181). We obtain financial statement data from the China Stock Market and Accounting Research (CSMAR) database. We obtain individual audit partner’s demographic information, such as gender and educational background, from the Chinese Research Data Services CARD database and the China Institute of Certified Public Accountants (CICPA) website. We lose 1,674 observations because we cannot find the signing auditor’s demographic information needed in the Heckman’s model and PSM; we further delete 4,783 observations because they do not have enough firm financial data to compute the variables used in our empirical tests; we exclude 672 observations because the annual reports are signed with three auditor signatures. Our final sample consists of 22,052 firm-year observations.

Plant Configuration and Landscape Construction in Blind Gardens

In daily life, landscape design often takes able-bodied people as considerations, while ignoring the blind people who lack vision. According to the blind people's psychological needs and the need for space and landscape, based on taking into account the safety of the blind people and the integrity of the landscape structure, The blind garden plant configuration and landscape construction are carried out based on the principles of sex and accessibility. The content of landscape design includes the design of olfactory landscape, tactile landscape, visual landscape, and auditory landscape; barrier-free design mainly relies on barrier-free design of terrain, road design and public facilities; In order to arouse society's attention to the blind and improve urban gardens. The design theory enables the blind to have a space suitable for their own leisure and entertainment activities, enriching their daily lives, and discusses the design principles and plant configurations of the blind garden construction, hoping to provide some reference for the construction of blind landscapes.

Association of Public Sports Space Perception with Health-Related Quality of Life in Middle-Aged and Older Adults-Evidence from a Survey in Shandong, China.

Creating a healthy living environment for middle-aged and older adults is a key strategy for countries to address the aging challenge, but the effects of such an environment on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of middle-aged and older adults remain underexplored. This study aimed to examine the link between public sports facilities and the HRQoL of middle-aged and older adult residents in communities. A total of 1169 respondents (average age: 66.84; male: 46.19%) were selected from the Shandong, China. This study measured respondents 'physical activity (PA) using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, the HRQoL of respondents using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey, and the Public Sports Space Perception Scale for respondents' public sports space perception. Correlation analysis and logistic regression analysis were employed to test the relationship among public sports space perception, physical activity (PA), and HRQoL. The mediating role of PA was conducted using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. The results revealed that public sports space perception only influenced the HRQoL of middle-aged and older adults through light-intensity PA (PCS: B = 0.09, 95% CI 0.01, 0.03; MCS: B = 0.02, 95% CI 0.01, 0.05) among light-intensity PA, moderate-intensity PA, vigorous-intensity PA., and this mediation model varied across different age groups of middle-aged and older adults. Moreover, digital inclusion only moderated the psychological aspect of HRQoL of middle-aged and older adults (p < 0.05). This study provided empirical evidence for enhancing the HRQoL of middle-aged and older adults and offered useful insights for the planning and design of public sports facilities and the formulation of health management policies for middle-aged and older adults.

Design Of Public Facilities For Persons With Disabilities At Al-Azizi Mosque, Batam City Using The Axiomatic Design (AD) Method

Humans are special creatures both physically and intellectually. Humans have the ability to adapt, but not everyone will be able to make good adjustments, especially people with disabilities. It is known that out of a total of 7 billion world population in 2021, 15% of them are persons with disabilities. Based on data on persons with disabilities released by the Ministry of Social Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia, it is known that in the Riau Archipelago as many as 2733 residents are persons with disabilities. Physical illness or movement disorder is the most common disease among other diseases experienced by persons with disabilities in Indonesia. At present the accessibility needs of persons with disabilities in public buildings such as mosques should have met the needs of persons with disabilities but the reality on the ground shows that there are still minimal accessibility facilities in places of worship, especially mosques. Al-Azizi Mosque which is located in RT. 01 RW. 021 Tanjung Sengkuang Kec. Batu Ampar - Batam is currently still not paying attention to the accessibility of persons with disabilities. The purpose of this study is to design public facilities for Persons with Disabilities at the Al-Azizi Mosque in Batam City using the Axiomatic design (AD) method. The Axiomatic Design (AD) method is carried out by defining the basis for product development/design by providing a mapping technique between the function requirements and design parameters. This method can help so that the design and development of a product is more structured, logical, and focuses on a design that fits the function. It is hoped that with this research a public facility design can be formed that is able to accommodate the needs of disabled mosque users.

Design Element Preferences in Public Facilities: An Eye Tracking Study

As a highly used form of architecture, public facilities are closely related to people’s daily lives. The aesthetic level of their design greatly affects the quality of people’s lives and interactions, as well as the appearance of the whole area. However, research on their design elements has not received enough attention, and few quantitative studies on the design of public facilities simultaneously focus on multiple influencing factors such as color and material. Therefore, this study uses eye-tracking technology and audience aesthetic preference evaluation to explore the appropriate combination of color and materials in sign design. This study found that, in the design of public facilities and in terms of aesthetic preference, firstly, color has more influence on subjective preference and objective gaze behavior than material. Secondly, men prefer technological and changeable colors and materials, and women prefer soft and uniform materials. Finally, visitors spend more time gazing at their preferred signs, which means that visitors’ top-down gaze behavior and bottom-up psychological perception are highly unified. Regarding material perception, visitors’ subjective preferences are influenced by the physical or cultural properties of the material itself. This study’s results will provide suggestions for future urban and landscape architecture design in terms of color and material aesthetics, and the research methodology can be applied to more scenarios in environmental spaces.

Research on Urban Commercial Landscape Public Facility Design Model Based on Big Data

Research on Urban Commercial Landscape Public Facility Design Model Based on Big Data

사용자 경험에 기반의 부산시립미술관의 공공시설물 디자인에 관한 연구

Public facility design is an indispensable part of public design. Due to the rapid development of cities, people need more normative and human design of public facilities. How to increase the user experience of art museum public facility design and further meet the user's needs is the problem facing public facility design. Therefore, I would like to study the design of public facilities of the Busan Museum of Art from the perspective of user experience. “User experience” is gradually becoming a buzzword for social economy and cultural development, and many industries related to design pay close attention to the development of “user experience.” The “user experience” considers and reviews the overall value for design updates. The characteristics, functions, types, and problems of public facilities of the Busan Museum of Art are investigated and analyzed, and user experiences are combined and evaluated. First, the relationship between the design of public facilities and the user experience is clarified through the literature survey method. Second, through field surveys, public facilities of the Busan Museum of Art were classified, compared, and evaluated. Third, through the analysis of excellent art museum public facility design cases, the direction of art museum public facility design based on user experience is presented. In this study, the current status of public facility design at the Busan Museum of Art was analyzed from the perspective of user experience, and it is meaningful as a direction of design utilization of public facility design at art galleries in the future.

Assessment of Satisfaction Level of Residents in a Housing Community, A Case of City Paradise, Lalitpur

As mentioned by Canter and Rees (1982), residential satisfaction (RS) is the degree to which the residential environment helps dwellers achieve their goals, and it evaluates the extent to which the current housing environment is meeting residents’ needs, expectations and ambitions. Residential satisfaction in planned housing is a widely researched topic in global context, however, in case of Nepal, not much research has been done on the topic. There are many planned housing communities being developed, but the living experience of the residents are rarely studied, and neither their perception in living in gated communities. This paper aims to contribute to theory and practice concerning residential satisfaction in housing community of Lalitpur known as City Paradise which is one of the major projects of Civil Homes Housing Company. This study is based in a household survey conducted in City Paradise Housing community. Data was collected from 40 households out of total 72 units, through simple random sampling to avoid any kind of biasness during the study. Data was analyzed to study the level of satisfaction, using Likert scale, among the residents with respect to design and planning characteristics of housing units, public facilities and services, and neighborhood. The results of analysis show that the respondents comparatively had higher satisfaction levels in context of neighborhood planning and less satisfied with design and planning features of housing and provision of public facility and convenience. Residents are quite satisfied with the child-friendly environment in their neighborhood, but planning and layout of buildings are not good enough to meet their satisfaction level. This research helps to address current issues related to satisfaction level of the residents of housing community and recommend the possible ways for its betterment.

Research on the Application of VR/AR Interactive Design Technology in the Field of Public Security

Disease, earthquake, fire, stampede, malignant injury and so on. In all kinds of sudden events, the design of public emergency rescue facilities is more and more important. Public emergency refers to an emergency that occurs suddenly, causes or may cause heavy casualties, property losses, ecological environment damage and serious social harm, and endangers public security, which is characterized by abruptness, severity and wide impact. The occurrence of these incidents will destroy the normal social operation mechanism and the normal social order, cause a huge social psychological crisis, hinder social stability and development.

Overview of the Role of Spatial Factors in Indoor SARS-CoV-2 Transmission: A Space-Based Framework for Assessing the Multi-Route Infection Risk.

The COVID-19 pandemic has lasted from 2019 to 2022, severely disrupting human health and daily life. The combined effects of spatial, environmental, and behavioral factors on indoor COVID-19 spread and their interactions are usually ignored. Especially, there is a lack of discussion on the role of spatial factors in reducing the risk of virus transmission in complex and diverse indoor environments. This paper endeavours to summarize the spatial factors and their effects involved in indoor virus transmission. The process of release, transport, and intake of SARS-CoV-2 was reviewed, and six transmission routes according to spatial distance and exposure way were classified. The triangular relationship between spatial, environmental and occupant behavioral parameters during virus transmission was discussed. The detailed effects of spatial parameters on droplet-based, surface-based and air-based transmission processes and virus viability were summarized. We found that spatial layout, public-facility design and openings have a significant indirect impact on the indoor virus distribution and transmission by affecting occupant behavior, indoor airflow field and virus stability. We proposed a space-based indoor multi-route infection risk assessment framework, in which the 3D building model containing detailed spatial information, occupant behavior model, virus-spread model and infection-risk calculation model are linked together. It is also applicable to other, similar, respiratory infectious diseases such as SARS, influenza, etc. This study contributes to developing building-level, infection-risk assessment models, which could help building practitioners make better decisions to improve the building’s epidemic-resistance performance.

Inclusive Recycling: Challenges And Needs Of Wheelchair Users In Hong Kong

Recycling activities are common in Hong Kong households because of the establishment of different campaigns and promotions organized by the Government and non-government organizations. However, wheelchair users are excluded from the recycling activities, and the current facilities do not cater for their needs. To address the issues of wheelchair users participating in recycling, this paper examines the design of public recycling facilities in Hong Kong and investigates how these facilities facilitate or hinder wheelchair users from recycling. A model of addressing design considerations of wheelchair users, the AC-AD model is developed based on the empirical data. The importance of self-efficacy of wheelchair persons and the connection between public and private are discussed. Improvements on the facilities are then suggested in the paper.

METHODS OF EDUCATIONAL FACILITY DESIGN USING UNIFIED BLOCK UNITS

The article covers the effective methods of a timesaving public facility design and construction and specifies the method of the kindergarten and primary school design using unified block units. The war started by the hostile country against Ukraine has completely changed our lives. Demolished houses and public buildings, industrial facilities, the infrastructure, whole villages and cities became striking realities that challenged the architects and urban designers to solve the issue of prompt and complex reconstruction in the cities. Because of the war, Ukraine will soon face the demand for fast residential area development and complex construction of facilities, such as kindergartens and secondary schools, raising concerns on the effective methods of timesaving public facility design and construction. At the end of the twentieth century, an expert team at the Kiev National University of Construction and Architecture developed a standardized unit block system for housing and public areas prompting the unified block unit residential building and public area construction.&#x0D; The block-modular method can be used in present environment for educational facility construction, considering the architectural and construction trends. To outline the practices and structure the typical evaluation at educational facility design, the following diverse unified functional elements were introduced: a single and a double block of cells for a kindergarten; one, two and three-unit assembly standardized functional block for a primary school educational area; a standardized functional block of common use sharing kindergarten premises and primary school.

Design and Research of Dialogue-type Urban Public Facilities

Nowadays, with the development of China’s economy and the acceleration of urbanization, the development of urban agglomerations in China has been elevated to an unprecedented strategic height, with people’s needs for a better life becoming increasingly common. Systematic research on the renewal of community public facilities in the third space becomes particularly important. Dialogue-type urban public aim to discusses the design of dialogue-type urban public facilities under the background of urban renewal. With the micro-renewal of urban public landscapes as the research object, the paper aims at preserving peolple’s urban memories and retaining the urban style based on people’s needs. In view of the current problem of lack of dialogue in urban public facilities, this paper carries out research on the construction of public facility system centered on dialogues with people, sceneries and fields, so as to reshape the diversified and complex value of humanization and interpersonalization of public facilities. Through the construction of dialogues with people, sceneries and fields, dialogue-type urban public facilities can achieve the design goals of multiple integration between people and nature, three-dimensional integration of space fields, and an ever-lasting urban style. In this way, under the guidance of micro-renewal of urban public facilities landscapes, construction of public facilities in residential communities can be integrated with the society and environment to form diversified spatial forms and functional facility systems, thereby stimulating the vitality of the city and further exploring and new models of urban renewal.