Public Exhibition Research Articles

A cross-sectional study on advance care planning documentation attitudes during national advance care planning week in a South-East Asian country

BackgroundThrough advocacy initiatives such as roadshows during “National ACP Week”, the Agency for Integrated Care (AIC) had increased advance care planning (ACP) engagement since 2011. Project Happy Apples (PHA), a community initiative project led by medical students from the National University of Singapore, also conducted a public exhibition to raise ACP awareness during this period. This study aimed to investigate and identify predictors of attitudes towards ACP documentation among ‘ACP Week’ respondents which may be used to formulate strategies to increase ACP documentation in Singapore.MethodsA cross-sectional study on ACP documentation attitudes of 262 respondents during local roadshows were conducted. Multiple logistic regression models were built to investigate the associations between demographic variables and attitudes toward ACP documentation.ResultsThe mean age was 43.5 years (SD = 17.4), 79 (30.15%) were males and 49 (18.7%) were healthcare professionals (HCP). 117 (44.66%) respondents had prior experience with serious illness and 116 (44.27%) had heard of ACP. Age was a significant predictor of readiness to sign official papers naming nominated healthcare spokesperson (NHS) (OR = 1.04, 95%CI: 1.02–1.07). Experience with serious illness was a significant predictor of readiness to discuss end-of-life (EOL) care with healthcare professionals (HCP) (OR = 3.65, 95%CI: 1.36–11.61). Being female was a significant predictor for readiness to speak to their nominated healthcare spokesperson about EOL care (OR = 7.33, 95%CI: 2.06–46.73). Subgroup analyses revealed that those aged 20–39 were less likely to speak to their healthcare professional about or sign official papers regarding EOL care. We also found that being a healthcare professional does not necessitate better or worse attitudes.ConclusionAdvocacy programs tailored to targeting respondents of different age groups and prior experience with serious illness may improve the efficacy of advocacy efforts.

"Artificial Mothers" on Display: How Public Exhibits Shaped the Development of Incubators.

For the first four decades of the twentieth century, premature babies in the United States were primarily treated in infant incubators not in hospitals, but in a public setting-at the Coney Island amusement park. Although incubators are now an indispensable medical device, their origins lie in public exhibitions rather than a professional medical environment. This article uncovers the longer history behind this unusual episode in neonatal care and technology. Offering the first comprehensive account of the early history of the infant incubator, it traces how these devices were first developed and showcased at exhibition sites across Europe in the 1890s. A comparative study of these exhibitions in Europe and the United States from 1890 to 1943 highlights significant differences in how industry, science, education, and spectacle interacted in each country. Moreover, it examines the changing relationship between public displays and professional medicine during this period, illustrating how technology developed in public spaces before transitioning into the professional medical domain.

Cover Essay: Fusing Technology with Art in Advertising.

The relationship between art and technology in the late nineteenth century was contested but increasingly characterized by a harmonious integration that reflected a progressive and optimistic view of technological innovation. This cover essay examines an advertising poster designed by the German-Italian commercial artist Adolfo Hohenstein for a public exhibition of infants in incubators, which opened in Paris in 1896. Hohenstein's poster for the Maternité Lion, with its distinctive and innovative use of an art nouveau style, captures the widespread enthusiasm for the new technologies and industries that characterized the art nouveau movement. The aesthetics of art nouveau expressed a broader cultural optimism about modernity and progress around the turn of the twentieth century. Hohenstein's poster exemplifies this by providing an aestheticized and exhibitory framework for introducing the incubator as a new technology, specifically to appeal to women.

Tizian a Josefina. Českost, světovost a modernost Josefa Mánesa

The portrait of a young woman named Josefina is a paraphrase of a famous model in the work of Josef Mánes – Titian’s Toilette of a Young Woman from the collections of the Prague Castle Picture Gallery. In this context, it is possible to consider what models Mánes himself professed and why and how his work was influenced by the constant ideological-theoretical effort to define Czechness, but at the same time the worldliness of domestic painting. In this paper I deal with the development of the idea of such models (medieval and baroque) and the contemporary idea of their Czechness. In Mánes’ case, I focus on the connection between the idea of Czechness and the folk elements defined in 1848 thanks to Ludvík Rittersberg, but also with the valued examples of the anti-academic approach to colour as a key means of painting. Another tendency can be observed in the appreciation of Baroque artists and is also reflected in the selection of works for the very first major public exhibition of domestic art held in Kutná Hora in 1867. The aim of the paper is therefore to reflect on how the idea of defining Czechness and the worldliness of domestic painting changed in the third quarter of the 19th century and what role the work of Josef Mánes played in this. The second level is to ask which of these phenomena stood out as the current painting theme of his time and which of the idea of the Czechness, worldliness and modernity of Mánes’s work is a projection of later interpretations.

The 3D tree dataset: an artistic experiment using a voxel-based GAN

AbstractIn visual culture, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have been used to generate two-dimensional images, video, and three-dimensional forms. Whilst there are a relatively large number of conditional datasets of two-dimensional images, there are fewer datasets of three-dimensional objects available for training, evaluation, and practical use. In this paper, we introduce a synthetic dataset of 3D trees that provide novel geometric challenges for machine learning and describe our use of this dataset in training and qualitative evaluation via a public exhibition and survey. The 3D Tree Dataset was made using random variations of 76 bespoke tree templates based on art historical references to favor interesting, beautiful, and varied trunk and branch shapes. In generating and experimenting with this dataset, we wanted to know how a geometrically complex series of organic forms would challenge voxel-GANs compared to existing datasets comprising industrial objects such as chairs and cars. As an interdisciplinary project between visual arts and computer science, we used 3D printing and animation to visualize and communicate our outputs to non-specialist audiences. In this paper, we describe and share the 3D Tree Dataset, outline the process of generating the dataset, describe the GAN architecture and application used to test the dataset and discuss the results relative to our artistic and cultural goals.

Think Human: exploring the exhibition of ergonomics to enhance education and engagement: establishing the CIEHF 75th anniversary exhibition

The field of ergonomics and human factors (E/HF) has an urgent need for increased uptake of specialists to meet the growing demands of the sector and related industries employing ergonomists. In the absence of E/HF being part of the school curriculum, one way of achieving this is through public engagement activities. Specialists in E/HF are motivated by understanding people and interactions, inherent qualities in outreach and engagement, so we are well placed to practice what we preach by understanding our own users, the consumers of our science. In this paper, we present a curriculum map and museum exhibition model as part of ongoing work to develop a public exhibition, called ‘Think Human’, hosted at the Museum of Making in Derby, England, from September 2024, as part of ongoing work in timely celebration of the 75th anniversary of the UK’s Chartered Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors (CIEHF).

Effects of recirculation and air change per hour on COVID-19 transmission in indoor settings: A CFD study with varying HVAC parameters

COVID-19 has already claimed over 7 million lives and has infected over 775 million people globally [1]. SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes Covid-19, spreads primarily through droplets from infected people's airways, rendering Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems critical in controlling infection risk levels in the indoor environment. To understand the dynamics of exhaled droplets and aerosols and the percentage of particles that are inhaled, escaped, recirculated, or trapped on different surfaces for a variety of environmental settings, we have presented our findings from the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling to investigate the impact of changing HVAC parameters in this paper. When combined with the spatial and temporal distribution of droplets, this method can be used to assess the potential risk and strengthen resilience. This finding demonstrates the viability and usefulness of CFD for modeling the distribution and dynamics of droplets and aerosols in confined environments. Our study demonstrates that raising the Air Change per Hour (ACH) from 2 to 8 reduces the risk of particle inhalation by nearly 70 %. Additionally, limiting the amount of air recirculation or increasing the amount of fresh air helps to reduce the number of airborne particles in an indoor space. To reduce the potential for respiratory droplet-related transmission and to provide relevant recommendations to the appropriate authority, the same computational approach could be applied to a wide range of ventilated indoor environments such as public buses, restaurants, exhibitions, and theaters.

Refugee youth’s perspective on the role that food insecurity plays in a healthy community: a photovoice project

PurposeFood insecurity is a major public health concern, especially for refugee families. Despite the growing population of refugee families in the USA and the harmful effects on youth’s health and well-being, there are limited qualitative studies exploring food insecurity among US refugee adolescents. The use of community-based participatory research and photovoice can highlight the strength of gathering and sharing underrepresented and disadvantaged group experiences. The purpose of this study was to understand adolescent refugee's food insecurity perspectives and experiences, with a nutrition and food access focus. Three main themes and nine subthemes emerged around the role that food security plays in a healthy, thriving community. The main themes included food must be more accessible in school; importance of food access in one’s community; and food access and creating a vibrant community. Implications regarding how to apply these results with community and school-based food programs are discussed.Design/methodology/approachThis study followed a phenomenological research approach to understand the experiences of refugee youth and what constitutes healthy food access in a community. Data analysis was conducted using Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic analysis to ensure that data saturation was met (Guest et al., 2006).FindingsThe thematic analysis of the photovoice methodological approach revealed three main themes and nine subthemes around the role that food security plays in a healthy and thriving community. These themes are as follows: food must be more accessible in school; importance of food access in one’s community; and food access and creating a vibrant community.Research limitations/implicationsFunding resources limited the duration of meeting in which we could meet and discuss the photo’s students were taking. Second, consistent with phenomenological studies, the sample size was small. However, common sample size for studies using a phenomenological approach ranged from 5 to 25 (Creswell et al., 2007), which is in alignment with this study. Next, while participants did receive training in the SHOWeD method, the photography training was limited to only one hour. Despite the limited training, participants felt they had sufficient knowledge and skills to take the necessary pictures.Practical implicationsThis study provides important policy implications for school-based food programs, such as food pantries and free or reduced school meals, and how it plays an important role in refugee youth’s well-being and education. Based on feedback from the study participants, many school-based food programs were considered not available or easily accessible, and that youth and their families were often unaware of programs available to them. This study revealed the important role schools can play in ensuring food security among refugee youth and their families as well as for refugee youth to reach their full potential equitably.Originality/valueThis study used a creative research approach that integrates photovoice as a means to elevate the voices of a marginalized populations. This approach has been identified as one of the most culturally appropriate method when working with refugee children and youth (Pieloch et al., 2016). Second, the study included having multiple meetings, that recruited from previously established partnerships. This form of community building and activism elevates participants voices (Catalani and Minkler, 2009). Finally, this study used a cycle of photography and discussion and held a final public photo exhibition for both the participant’s community and its influential leaders (Catalani and Minkler, 2009; Evans-Agnew and Rosemberg, 2016). The results of this study have important policy implications for schools and communities.

Mixed-reality art as shared experience for cross-device users: Materialize, understand, and explore

Virtual reality (VR) has opened new possibilities for creative expression, while the 360-degree head-worn display (HWD) delivers a fully immersive experience in the world of art. The immersiveness, however, comes with the cost of blocking out the physical world, including bystanders without an HWD. Therefore, VR experiences in public (e.g., galleries, museums) often lack social interactivity, which plays an important role in forming aesthetic experiences. In the current study, we explored the application of a cross-device mixed reality (MR) platform in the domain of art to enable social and inclusive experiences with artworks that utilize VR technology. Our concept of interest features co-located audiences of HWD and mobile device users who interact across physical and virtual worlds. We conducted focus groups (N=22) and expert interviews (N=7) to identify the concept’s potential scenarios and fundamental components, as well as expected benefits and concerns. We also share our process of creating In-Between Spaces, an interactive artwork in MR that encourages social interactivity among cross-device audiences. Our exploration presents a prospective direction for future VR/MR aesthetic content, especially at public events and exhibitions targeting crowd audiences.

The Micro-Politics of Artistic Production among Artists with a Migration Background

Based on two research projects in the Brussels-based artistic workspace and NGO Globe Aroma, this paper shows how artists with a (recent) migration background make sense of the arts and the space in which they are produced. Born out of a need to counter the dominant presence of men in this artistic workspace and create a welcoming environment, textile-making and live radio were used as means of reclaiming space, fostering solidarity, and sharing personal narratives. Textile-making, traditionally associated with domesticity, was repurposed for public exhibition, challenging the dichotomy between private and public spheres. Furthermore, the projects challenged neo-colonial dynamics and traditional research methodologies. While asking which (micro-)political meaning these artists give to their works and practices, the paper also reflects on the cultural thresholds experienced by migrant artists wishing to access hegemonic arts institutions.

Maritime Encounters in the American Midwest

ABSTRACT During the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, public displays of both humans and animals helped to reinforce a sense of natural order and progress in the rapidly developing United States. By placing the perceived primitive and natural world on display, a contrast could be made to the quickly modernizing nation. This article addresses two public exhibitions of whales held in the American Midwest – the 1880 Pioneer Inland Whaling Association’s traveling whale show helmed by Newton and the Smithsonian Institution’s full cast of a blue whale displayed at the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition. Both exhibitions provided the opportunity for audiences living far from the ocean to encounter whales’ bodies, a feat that merged showmanship, spectacle, and science. As deceased whales were transformed for display, they took on new meanings in their afterlives. Occurring at a moment of growth in entertainment, industry, and science, the Pioneer Inland Whaling Association’s whale show emphasized tourist spectacle and novelty, while the Smithsonian Institution’s exhibition reinforced prevailing ideas about natural history and American exceptionalism. Though faced with limitations, these exhibitions touted the scale and spectacle of their subject, indicating how whales emerged as a distinct category of display.

Exploration of the Impact of Dynamic Narrative Approach on Public Exhibition Experience

In today’s exhibition field, the dynamism of the narrative approach as a mainstream trend has permeated various aspects such as visual design, exhibit display, and media communication. On one hand, this is due to the development of digital media technology providing practical operational pathways; on the other hand, it is also a result of the information explosion brought about by the maturity of digital media technology, forcing exhibitions, as an important form of public cultural service, to stimulate public interest to the fullest extent in competition with other cultural products. In such a coincidental yet inevitable combination, how to effectively utilize a dynamic narrative approach within the exhibition field to provide the public with a sense of unfamiliarity in dimensions, boundaries, and situations, thereby constructing a unique perspective that enables people to perceive alienation relationships and ultimately resist the control of the technological landscape on humanity, becomes the key issue determining whether the integration between the two can be beneficial.

Adapting Visual Thinking Strategies as a Tool for Evaluating the Impact of a Work of Public Art

This article presents the development and application of an approach for evaluating audience response to and meaning-making from large-scale public murals, created as part of an art-science-community engagement project. The project adapted Visual Thinking Strategies (VTS) facilitation, a common technique in visual arts education, with a focus group style interview to investigate if the murals generated the intended meaning-making among members of the communities they depicted. We piloted a VTS-centered focus group discussion with three groups of community residents in Pennsylvania’s Lehigh Valley. Thematic coding of observations in the discussion groups suggest that a VTS-centered focus group is an effective approach to evaluate audience meaning-making by prompting slow looking, protracted discussion, and offering a structure for discussion that keeps the facilitator from shaping topics of conversation. The affordances and limitations of this approach as a tool for research and evaluation of learning through public art and exhibitions is discussed.

Why cartoons make (some of) us smile

Abstract Pocket cartoons are a regular feature of most contemporary newspapers and magazines. As such, they represent a way of conveying complex social and political commentary in a simple visual form. How well we enjoy verbal (oral) jokes depends on the number of mindstates in the joke, and here we ask whether this is also true of visual cartoons. We use survey data from a sample of 3,380 participants attending a public exhibition of published print media cartoons by well-known cartoonists to determine the extent to which viewers’ ratings of cartoons are determined by the mentalizing content of cartoons, the participants’ gender and age, and the publication date of the cartoon. We show that the number of mindstates involved in the cartoon affects its appreciation, just as in verbal jokes. In addition, we show that preferred topics vary by age and gender. While both genders strongly prefer cartoons that explore the complexities of romantic relationships, men rate visual jokes more highly than women do, whereas women prefer jokes that involve political commentary or the dynamics of close relationships. These differences seem to reflect differences in the way the social worlds of the two genders are organized.

Social mass gathering events influence emergency medical services call volume.

Prior literature suggests that mass gathering events pose challenges to an emergency medical services (EMS) system. We aimed to investigate whether events influence EMS call rates. This study is a retrospective review of all primary response ambulance calls in Rhode Island (US) between January 1st, 2018 and August 31st, 2022. The number of EMS calls per day was taken from the state's EMS registry. Event data was collected using a Google (Google LLC, Mountain View, CA) search. We used separate Poisson regression models with the number of ambulance calls as the dependent and the social event categories sports, agricultural, music events, and public exhibitions as independent variables. All models controlled for the population at risk and the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results are presented as increases or decreases in calls per 100,000 inhabitants from the mean over the study period. The mean number of daily EMS calls was 38 ± 4 per 100,000 inhabitants. EMS encountered significantly more missions on days with music events (+3, 95% CI [2; 3]) and public exhibitions (+2, 95% CI [1; 2]). In contrast, days with agricultural events were associated with fewer calls (-1, 95% CI [-1; 0]). We did not find any effect of sports events on call rates. Increased ambulance call volumes are observed on days with music events and public exhibitions. Days with agricultural events are associated with fewer EMS calls.

Shifting the Focus: A Photovoice exploration of the benefits and barriers of having a pet while experiencing homelessness.

While experiencing homelessness with a pet can present unique challenges, it can also provide physical health, mental health, and social benefits. A Photovoice project with adolescents and adults experiencing homelessness with a pet was conducted in Seattle, Washington, USA in 2018-2019 to explore the experience of homelessness with a pet, the impact of the human-animal bond on the health of each, and to drive policy changes to help support people experiencing homelessness (PEH) with pets. Twenty-five people spanning a range of age groups, genders, and living situations were recruited primarily through homeless-services providers, 19 of whom completed the study and created over 900 images. One-on-one semi-structured interviews were conducted with each participant to review printed photos. A key theme emerging from the interviews and photos was the importance and strength of the human-animal bond, providing mental and physical health benefits, and motivation for daily activities or making/maintaining positive changes. Challenges related to homelessness with a pet included barriers to access services, housing, and employment. Participants provided policy recommendations to improve support for PEH with pets. Multiple public exhibitions of images from all participants were held, reaching service providers, policy makers, and the general public. Visitor feedback included statements of positive change in attitudes towards PEH with pets among housed individuals. Collectively, the images, stories and themes deepen our understanding of homelessness with pets, leading to increased empathy and potential for policies that benefit the health of PEH and their pets.

From indoors to the great outdoors: An augmented reality-illustrated scavenger hunt

This review introduces the Illustrated Menagerie Augmented Reality Scavenger Hunt (IMARSH), a project merging extended reality (XR) with illustration for an immersive outdoor public exhibition. IMARSH aimed to reconnect individuals with nature through interactive animal-themed artworks, using XR to enhance engagement. The curated trail, part of the We Shine Portsmouth 2022 Festival, featured illustrations transformed into dynamic experiences with animation and sound. Key examples included artworks depicting endangered birds and highlighting ocean pollution. The article discusses technical aspects, audience engagement, and the potential of illustration and XR to deepen connections with nature. IMARSH serves as a pioneering initiative bridging art, technology and environmental awareness.

Stitchers of Instagram

Stitchers of Instagram

A Self-Leadership Model to Enhance Vocal Music Students’ Self-Efficacy at University in Hunan Province, China

Background and Aims: Vocal music performance is the expression of talent and ability through public exhibition and focuses on the human voice as the major component. It requires training and development of self-efficacy to achieve the best results. Self-leadership and self-efficacy are related concepts that both play important roles in personal and professional development. Self-leadership can enhance self-efficacy in vocal music students by assisting in the setting of goals and maintaining motivation to overcome obstacles. This study aimed to develop a model of self-leadership to enhance the self-efficacy of vocal music students. Material and Methods: The research design was a sequential exploratory mixed-methods design that combined both qualitative and quantitative methods to develop an instrument that was used to collect data from the target population. The population for this study was vocal music students from four universities in Hunan. The sample size was 1,009 students. Results: Findings showed that the students’ levels of self-leadership and self-efficacy were overall, at a low level. A multiple regression analysis was conducted to find the significant self-leadership strategies. Predictor variables of self-efficacy were successful foresight (r=.31, p<.001), self-goal setting (r=.24, p<.001), belief hypothesis evaluation (r=.25, p<.001), self-punishment (r=.27, p<.001), self-observation (r=.24, p<.001), and natural reward (r=.23, p<.001). A theoretical model was developed from the findings and validated by experts. Conclusions: Increasing self-leadership in vocal music students can help them to take charge of their musical development and help them to become more confident, motivated, and independent.

ФОРМУВАННЯ ГРОМАДСЬКИХ КОМПЛЕКСІВ В ІСТОРИЧНОМУ СЕРЕДОВИЩІ ЯК ОСОБЛИВА ФОРМА СИНТЕЗУ ПРЕДМЕТНО-ПРОСТОРОВИХ, АРХІТЕКТУРНИХ ТА МІСТОБУДІВНИХ ЕЛЕМЕНТІВ

The exhaustion of industrial society, which was declared back in 1996 by the decisions of the Habitat II conference held under the auspices of the UN in Istanbul, led to the search for new approaches to improving the urban environment of the largest cities in the conditions of the global stage of the urbanization process. In the conditions of the rapid development of the largest cities within the modern stage of the urbanization process, the trend of forming architectural multifunctional complexes, which, turning into urban-type structures, are incorporated into the urban fabric, forming new ones, developing existing historically emerged urban sub-centers, and even supplementing the authentic environment of the historical core, is clearly manifested. In such a situation, a multifunctional complex is considered as an architectural object, in the process of creation of which the spatial environment surrounding a person is harmonized, a new image of the city, a new silhouette is formed. Particular importance is given to the integrity and expressiveness of the composition, design, as well as the possibility of using it to create a sustainable and harmonious living environment. All this leads to the search for new forms of architectural and urban planning activities, including the use of the design of the urban environment (urban design), which today is considered as an independent type of project-artistic activity, finally formed in the second half of the 20th century. All this leads to the search for new forms of architectural and urban planning activities, including the use of the design of the urban environment (urban design), which today is considered as an independent type of project-artistic activity, finally formed in the second half of the 20th century. In such conditions, a synthetic approach to the formation of the design of a separate object based on subject-spatial, architectural and urban planning system-forming elements is considered, on the example of project proposals for the creation of a new public exhibition complex in the historical environment of the city of Odesa.