Psychotherapy For People Research Articles

Sufism as Psychotherapy to Overcoming Relapse in Schizophrenic Patients

Abstract: Sufism as psychotherapy provides treatment based on Islamic teachings that is intended for every human being who experiences mental illness. Mental illness referred to as severe mental disorder (psychosis), one of which is schizophrenia, which sufferers tend to experience relapse (recurrence). The purpose of this study is to find out how the use of Sufism as psychotherapy in dealing with relapse of people with schizophrenia and to prove empirical facts that Sufism can be used as a psychotherapy for people with schizophrenia based on previous studies. This research method uses literature review, literature searches are carried out through Google Scholar. Search results from Google Scholar found 12 journals, and 7 journals were eliminated, then 5 journals were accepted and analyzed. The results showed that Sufism as a psychotherapy could be a form of treatment for people with schizophrenia. The forms of Sufism as psychotherapy are Qur'anic healing therapy, Sufi healing therapy and spiritual neuroscience, as well as collaboration of Sufistic psychotherapy with traditional suwuk bobok Jowo, then audio therapy of the Qur'an, ablution therapy, prayer, and remembrance. Sufism as psychotherapy can make the heart (qalb) and soul calm, serene, and peaceful. So that the symptoms of schizophrenics such as anxiety, hallucinations, and delusions can be reduced. Keywords: Sufism; Psychotherapy; Relapse; Schizophrenic patients

A systematic review of digital storytelling as psychotherapy for people with mental health needs.

A systematic review of digital storytelling as psychotherapy for people with mental health needs.

Integrasi Tasawuf Dalam Logoterapi Sebagai Psikoterapi Santri Gangguan Jiwa Di Pp. Al-Syifa

The purpose of this study was to reveal the dimensions of Sufism in psychotherapy for people with mental disorders with the logotherapy method applied by psychotherapists in PP. Al-Syifa Ngawi. Logotherapy based on the search for self meaning is a therapy based on spirituality. The research method used is qualitative, the approach is descriptive analysis. From it, it can be seen that the psychotherapy model applied in PP. Al-Syifa Ngawi there are two of the three logotherapy techniques initiated by Viktor E. Frankl. The first is a dereflection technique where the psychotherapist provides positive activities according to the potential of students to divert them from negative symptoms. This technique integrates Sufism through takhalli and tahalli approaches. Secondly, spiritual guidance, this technique is very thick with the method in Sufism, where students are guided in knowing God again. Starting from learning prayer as the implementation of repentance, to being introduced to prayer, recitation and ruqyah as the implementation of dhikr in the field of Sufism.

Methylenedioxymethamphetamine-assisted Psychotherapy For Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Review

IntroductionPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition which can be developed following traumatic experience. Treatment guidelines have long considered psychotherapy as a first line treatment. Despite that, PTSD remains an illness with high rates of comorbidity. Therefore, exploring novel therapies is of utmost importance.ObjectivesClarifying methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted psychotherapy efficacy in symptom relief in people with PTSD. Explaining clinical MDMA mechanism of action. Assessing safety of MDMA clinical use.MethodsPubMed database search, with “MDMA for PTSD” keyword expression. 12 Articles published in the last ten years were selected among the 112 best matches. Reference lists of articles were reviewed to identify additional articles.ResultsMithoefer et al. (2010) carried out the first controlled clinical study with MDMA-assisted psychotherapy in people with PTSD. Twenty patients with treatment-resistant PTSD were selected. They were given either placebo or two or three sessions of MDMA. 83% of the experimental group no longer met the criteria for PTSD (mean remission lasted 45 months without further MDMA doses) compared with 25% of the placebo group. Further studies were also suggestive of improvements in treatment-resistant PTSD patients undergoing MDMA-assisted psychotherapy. MDMA may increase exposure therapy effectiveness, allowing patients to stay emotionally involved while revisiting past traumas without being overwhelmed by anxiety and fear.ConclusionsTo date, MDMA-assisted psychotherapy studies demonstrated consistently positive results. However, they have been carried out with small groups of individuals. Therefore, larger trials should be conducted to assess MDMA’s efficacy and safety for it to become a licensed medicine.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Peculiarities of Internet Self-Presentations of People with Eating Disorders

The article presents the research results concerning self-presentations of people with eating disorders on specialized Internet forums. The purpose of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of self-presentation of anorexic and overweight persons on the basis of psychological analysis of their avatars. Research method is discourse analysis as a tool revealing specificity of symbolic information (avatars, nicknames) to identify the peculiarities of selfpresentation of people with eating disorders. The results of the research. Avatars of users visiting sites for anorexic and overweight people are analysed from the psychological point of view, the analysed results assert that images used as avatars reflect specific nutritional problems and self-attitude in connection with them. Such sites are visited mostly by the female audience, and hence the problem of standards of a woman body is really important. The main categories of images used as avatars are differentiated to: personal photos; anime characters; food related images; images of well-known people as examples of success; emotionally-coloured images, etc. The differences in self-representations of anorexic and overweight people have been determined on the basis of content, colours of used images, in particular, a more positive self-presentation and self-attitude of people with excess weight compared with anorexics have been revealed. Conclusion. The article argues that the analysis of avatars’ characteristics as a means of self-presentation is useful both for psychological diagnosis of people with eating disorders, as well as for provision of professional psychological assistance for them. Such analysis is appropriate at contact establishing, primary psychological diagnosis and psychotherapy for people with eating disorders combined with chronic dissatisfaction with their own weight.

High-frequency monitoring of personalized psychological variables during outpatient psychotherapy in people with seizures: An uncontrolled feasibility study

BackgroundThis feasibility study applied the concept of daily systematic monitoring of personalized psychological variables and investigated patients’ compliance in order to evaluate if its integration in outpatient psychotherapy is feasible and if patients found the development and daily application of personalized questionnaires user-friendly and useful. MethodsA naturalistic sample of patients with epilepsy (PWE) was enrolled to participate in an outpatient psychotherapy program. A personalized process questionnaire was developed with each patient based on an individual psychological system’s model at the outset of therapy. Daily time-stamped self-assessments were collected during outpatient psychotherapy. This process-monitoring was technically realized by an internet-based device for data collection and data analysis, the Synergetic Navigation System (SNS). The reflection of person-specific time series informed by patients’ replies to their personalized process questionnaire was integrated in the therapy process. Compliance rates were assessed during a period of six months (i.e., 180 days) after the first entry of the questionnaire [compliance rate = (number of completed questionnaires/180) × 100]. User-friendliness and usefulness of this process monitoring were evaluated quantitatively. ResultsTwenty patients [15 women/5 men, median age 48 years (range 23–73 years)] were recruited. Compliance rates were high (median: 93%, range 31–100%) among the participants. Participants reported a high overall satisfaction with the application and user-friendliness of SNS. ConclusionThe results support the feasibility of high-frequency monitoring of personalized psychological processes during outpatient psychotherapy. Repeated daily assessments of a personalized questionnaire yield highly resolved, equidistant time series data, which gives insight into individual psychological processes during outpatient psychotherapy.

Koncepcja „dobrego rodzicielstwa” jako przejaw biograficznego uczenia się dorosłego dziecka alkoholika. W stronę interpretacji andragogicznej

y. The main purpose of this article is an attempt to reconstruct and describe the phenomenon of biographical learning of “good parenting” that emerges from the analysis and interpretation of one of the biographies studied by the author. The concept of “good parenting,” which is one of the few main analytical categories extracted in the course of previous research, will serve the author as an exemplification and a manifestation of biographical learning experienced by adults undergoing psychotherapy (in this case – psychotherapy of people with the ACoA syndrome).

A randomised controlled feasibility study of interpersonal art psychotherapy for the treatment of aggression in people with intellectual disabilities in secure care

BackgroundRates of aggression in inpatient secure care are higher than in other psychiatric inpatient settings. People with intellectual disabilities in secure care require adapted psychological treatments. Interpersonal art psychotherapy incorporates the use of creative art making approaches by participants, thus reducing sole reliance upon verbal interactions during psychotherapy for people who may have communication difficulties. During interpersonal art psychotherapy, participants are individually supported by their therapist to consider how they conduct relationships. This includes the influence and impact of interpersonal issues resulting in repeated patterns of conflict. The key feasibility objectives were to assess recruitment and retention rates, follow-up rates and trial procedures such as randomisation, allocation and identifying any practical or ethical problems. In addition, a preliminary ‘signal’ for the intervention was considered and an indicative sample size calculation completed. The acceptability of a potential third trial arm attentional control condition, mindful colouring-in, was assessed using four single-case design studies and a UK trial capacity survey was conducted.MethodsAdult patients with intellectual disabilities in secure care were recruited and randomised to either interpersonal art psychotherapy or delayed treatment in this multi-site study. Outcomes were assessed using weekly observations via the Modified Overt Aggression Scale and a range of self-report measures. Within study reporting processes, qualitative interviews and a survey were completed to inform trial feasibility.ResultsRecruitment procedures were successful. The target of recruiting 20 participants to the trial from multiple sites was achieved within 8 months of the study opening. All participants recruited to the treatment arm completed interpersonal art psychotherapy. Between-group differences of interpersonal art psychotherapy versus the delayed treatment control showed a ‘signal’ effect-size of .65 for total scores and .93 in the verbal aggression sub-scale. There were no amendments to the published protocol. The assessment of key feasibility objectives were met and the trial procedures were acceptable to all involved in the research.ConclusionThis study suggested that a randomised controlled trial of interpersonal art psychotherapy is acceptable and feasible.Trial registrationISRCTN14326119 (Retrospectively Registered).

Medications Work Better Than Psychotherapy in People with Childhood Trauma

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) are first-line treatments for anxiety and depressive disorders,

Psychotherapy in people at a high risk of psychosis and those with early psychosis

Psychotherapy in people at a high risk of psychosis and those with early psychosis

Ronald E. Fox (1936–2018).

Presents an obituary of Ronald E. Fox (1936-2018). Fox was a visionary, trailblazer, and leader in the practice of psychology for over 50 years, renowned for his ability to bring psychologists together to meet society's most pressing needs. Fox envisioned a broad social role for professional psychology, moving beyond psychotherapy for people with psychological problems to encompass general health, prevention, and well-being. He also had a long history of involvement in the APA. He was always a step or two ahead of us-creating the Practice Directorate, supporting the APA's reorganization that created the directorate structure, urging all of us to contribute to political action. He was recognized for his contributions with many awards, including the Distinguished Career Contributions to Practice of Psychology Gold Medal Award from the American Psychological Foundation (1994) and the Raymond D. Fowler Award for Outstanding Contributions to APA (2009). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

Inclusion of people of color in psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy: a review of the literature

BackgroundDespite renewed interest in studying the safety and efficacy of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of psychological disorders, the enrollment of racially diverse participants and the unique presentation of psychopathology in this population has not been a focus of this potentially ground-breaking area of research. In 1993, the United States National Institutes of Health issued a mandate that funded research must include participants of color and proposals must include methods for achieving diverse samples.MethodsA methodological search of psychedelic studies from 1993 to 2017 was conducted to evaluate ethnoracial differences in inclusion and effective methods of recruiting peopple of color.ResultsOf the 18 studies that met full criteria (n = 282 participants), 82.3% of the participants were non-Hispanic White, 2.5% were African-American, 2.1% were of Latino origin, 1.8% were of Asian origin, 4.6% were of indigenous origin, 4.6% were of mixed race, 1.8% identified their race as “other,” and the ethnicity of 8.2% of participants was unknown. There were no significant differences in recruitment methodologies between those studies that had higher (> 20%) rates of inclusion.ConclusionsAs minorities are greatly underrepresented in psychedelic medicine studies, reported treatment outcomes may not generalize to all ethnic and cultural groups. Inclusion of minorities in futures studies and improved recruitment strategies are necessary to better understand the efficacy of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy in people of color and provide all with equal opportunities for involvement in this potentially promising treatment paradigm.

Inclusion of People of Color in Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy: A Review of the Literature

Background: Despite renewed interest in studying the safety and efficacy of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy for the treatment of psychological disorders, the enrollment of racially diverse participants and the unique presentation of psychopathology in this population has not been a focus of this potentially ground-breaking area of research. In 1993, the United States National Institutes of Health issued a mandate that funded research must include racial and ethnic minority participants and proposals must include methods for achieving diverse samples. Methods: A methodological search of psychedelic studies from 1993-2017 was conducted to evaluate ethnoracial differences in minority inclusion and effective methods of minority recruitment. Results: Of the 18 studies that met full criteria (n=282 participants), 82.3% of the participants were non-Hispanic White, 2.5% were African-American, 2.1% were of Latino origin, 1.8% were of Asian origin, 4.6% were of indigenous origin, 4.6% were of mixed race, 1.8% identified their race as “other,” and the ethnicity of 8.2% of participants was unknown. There were no significant differences in recruitment methodologies between those studies that had higher (> 20%) rates of inclusion. Conclusions: As minorities are greatly underrepresented in psychedelic medicine studies, reported treatment outcomes may not generalize to all ethnic and cultural groups. Inclusion of minorities in futures studies and improved recruitment strategies are necessary to better understand the efficacy of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy in people of color and provide minorities with equal opportunities for involvement in this potentially promising treatment paradigm.

Reducing the time until psychotherapy initiation reduces sick leave duration in participants diagnosed with anxiety and mood disorders.

Sick leave in patients with a mental disorder is characterized by having a long duration. Studies suggest that the time until a patient on sick leave for a common mental health disorder initiates evaluation and treatment by a healthcare professional is an important factor in the duration of the sick leave. However, in these studies, the intervention was not performed by a mental health specialist. The aim of this study was to find out whether the length of sick leave was associated with the time before initiating psychotherapy, age, time until returning to work after psychotherapy ends, and duration of psychotherapy. In a further analysis, we examined whether the model composed of age, duration of psychotherapy, and time before initiating psychotherapy predicted the length of sick leave. The sample consisted of 2,423 participants, 64.1% (n=1,554) women and 35.9% (n=869) men, who were on sick leave for anxiety disorders or depressive disorder. The total duration of the sick leave of participants diagnosed with depression and anxiety was positively associated with the time before beginning psychotherapy. Time before beginning psychotherapy predicted the length of sick leave when the variables age and duration of psychotherapy were controlled. It is necessary to reduce the time until beginning psychotherapy in people on sick leave for common mental disorders.

Critical literature review: effectiveness of individual psychodynamic psychotherapy for adults with intellectual disabilities

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report the evidence base for the practice of individual psychodynamic psychotherapy with adults with intellectual disabilities (IDs). Design/methodology/approach Literature review. Findings In total, 14 papers were reviewed. From these, one existing review and seven individual papers provided enough evidence to support effectiveness of individual psychodynamic psychotherapy for people with IDs. Research limitations/implications This research indicates individual psychodynamic psychotherapy to be of benefit. Indeed, all studies reviewed supported individual psychodynamic psychotherapy, but methodological shortcomings weakened the confidence placed in findings for some studies. Limitations of this review include methodological shortcomings of studies reviewed, a small number of existing studies and reliance on case studies. Practical implications Therapists and commissioners of services should routinely make individual psychodynamic psychotherapy available as part of a spectrum of therapies available to people with IDs who experience emotional and behavioural problems. This is because it is needed for some clients and they benefit. Social implications Individual psychodynamic psychotherapy for people with IDs adds to the range of therapies available to alleviate emotional distress and enhance well-being. These are necessary to provide a foundation for meaningful contribution to society, particularly for those who have experienced psychological trauma (Frankish, 2016). Originality/value This review includes more relevant studies than previous reviews and adds to a limited number of reviews in this area.

Evaluation of DBT manual adapted for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD): First results

IntroductionIn contrast to psychopharmacological treatment, the current evidence base in psychotherapy for people with IDD is limited. But psychotherapeutic approaches offer an alternative treatment modality in people with IDD.ObjectivesOrientated on the “Dialectic-Behaviour-Therapy” concept, we developed an adapted manual for people with IDD and impulsive behaviour.AimsThis study presents the first results of an evaluation our adapted DBT manual.MethodsThree closed groups with 11 patients in total were prospectively included in a six-week in-patient psychotherapeutic DBT-programme. There was no randomisation or control group. Typical borderline symptoms (BS) were recorded using the “Borderline Symptom List” (BSL) and a short screening version for personality disorders (PSS-K). Impulsivity and behaviour in general were observed with the scale for impulsiveness and emotional deregulation (IES) and the German Developmental Behavioural Checklist (VFE). Special tendencies to self-harm were assessed using the scale for self-harm behaviour (IEFAS). From these scales, the means were observed during the course of our hospital therapy program over 6 weeks.ResultsThere were 19 patients in total in 3 different groups. Eight dropped out for a variety of reasons. The mean scores for the remaining 11 patients in the BSL and PSS-K reduced significantly. The scores for impulsivity and self-harm improved. Overall, there was no significant change in behaviour.ConclusionThis study presents the results of a trial of a DBT manual for people with IDD and BS. In general the BS declined, the impulsivity improved. The study is limited by the small numbers in the patient sample and the absence of a control group.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

Forty-four worthwhile interventions: Clinician-rated attachment style and outcome of psychodynamic psychotherapy for people with intellectual disabilities

An individual’s internal model of attachment security or insecurity can be judged by clinicians during assessment. When clinicians judge clients’ style to be characterised by security, there may be lower case severity (Skelly & Reay, 2013).This study is an examination of the relationship of clinicians’ attachment classification to outcome of psychodynamic psychotherapy in people with intellectual disabilities, measured through change in HoNOS-LD scores over time. We examined 44 cases of psychodynamic psychotherapy provided within two specialist community psychology services in the Tyne area over a two-year period.Results suggest that preoccupied or unresolved attachment was indicative of high case severity at assessment, but also predicted greater gain during therapy. A dose effect was observed, with more sessions given to clients rated as preoccupied or unresolved. Although some clients required more than 20 sessions, the average session number was markedly lower than that. There was no effect of age or gender, but higher IQ was associated with more change on one of the HoNOS-LD Factor Scores (Loss of Adaptive Functioning).This study provides preliminary evidence that psychodynamic psychotherapy for distress and personality conditions may be differentially effective for people with secure and insecure attachment ratings. Preoccupied or unresolved attachment styles may have resource implications in requiring longer psychological interventions, at least with this therapy orientation.

Psychotherapeutic treatment of eating disorders improve dissociative experiences and impulse regulation but not alexithymia. A case series report.

Eating disorders (EDs) are complex conditions associated with disability and a high rate of mortality. Typical characteristics of these diseases are dissociation, alexithymia and impulse dysregulation, all strategies dealing with negative emotions and regulate negative affect and anxiety. Our study aimed to assess the effectiveness of intensive psychological treatment for EDs, with particular reference to the above mentioned clinical characteristics. Eight outpatients with eating disorders in psychotherapeutic treatment were evaluated in two stages after one year (T1 and T2), using the Eating Disorder Inventory II, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale 20, and the Dissociative Experiences Scale. Wilcoxon test showed significant reductions in DES score as well as in two subscales of the EDI-2, Impulse Regulation and Body Dissatisfaction (I-EDI2 and BD-EDI2), while alexithymia levels did not show any difference. We can confirm the effectiveness of psychotherapy in people with EDs as regards dissociative moments, impulsivity and body dissatisfaction. However, alexithymia remains unchanged, possibly because of its deep emotional nature.

Miejsce psychoterapii indywidualnej osób z diagnozą schizofrenii w polskim systemie lecznictwa psychiatrycznego.

Niniejsza praca dotyczy miejsca i roli indywidualnej psychoterapii osób z diagnozą schizofrenii w polskim systemie lecznictwa psychiatrycznego. Opisuje różnorodne konteksty terapeutyczne w których może odbywać się ona odbywać: oddziału stacjonarnego, oddziału dziennego, ambulatorium, zespołu leczenia środowiskowego. Porusza także kwestię roli psychoterapii w pracy z pacjentem przewlekle chorującym, rehabilitowanym w warsztatach terapii zajęciowej lub środowiskowym domu samopomocy. Omawia zagadnienie różnych potrzeb pacjentów na poszczególnych etapach chorowania: ostrej psychozy, depresji popsychotycznej, remisji objawowej a także możliwości odpowiedzi na te potrzeby ze strony lecznictwa psychiatrycznego. Podkreśla wagę długofalowego kontaktu terapeutycznego dla rozpoczęcia procesu zdrowienia, którego istotnymi elementami są wiedza o sobie i rozeznanie możliwości wpływu pacjenta na swoje życie, uzyskane w trakcie psychoterapii. Przewodnią ideą tej pracy jest połączenie psychoterapii z rozwiązaniami organizacyjnymi, które będą służyć jak najszerszemu i możliwie jak najbardziej efektywnemu jej wykorzystaniu w codziennej praktyce. Ważnym elementem jest refleksja dotycząca związków pomiędzy psychoterapią osób z diagnozą schizofrenii a prowadzoną najczęściej równolegle farmakoterapią.

Positive group psychotherapy modified for adults with intellectual disabilities.

Mental health disorders are considerably more prevalent among people with intellectual disabilities than in the general population, yet research on psychotherapy for people with dual diagnosis is scarce. However, there is mounting evidence to show that adults with a dual diagnosis can find help through group therapy and have more productive and meaningful lives with improved relationships. This article focuses on a review of evidence for interactive behavioral therapy, a widely used model of group psychotherapy for these conditions, and reviews the modifications drawn from the field of positive psychology and positive psychotherapy being incorporated into the model. A sample of a modified positive intervention, the virtual gratitude visit, is explained and suggestions for future research are given.