Psychophysiological Science Research Articles

SLOW READING AS A METHOD FOR REVEALING IMPLICIT MEANINGS IN THE LITERARY WORK

SLOW READING AS A METHOD FOR REVEALING IMPLICIT MEANINGS IN THE LITERARY WORK

Analysis of the formation and development prospects of psychophysiology in Armenia

The work is devoted to the development history and current state of psychophysiology all over the world, and particularly in The Republic of Armenia. The work is aimed at the pointing out the development intentions of psychophysiology all over the world and in Armenia. The purpose of the analysis was also to identify the main stages in the formation of psychophysiological science in Armenia and to search for scientifically applied prospects for its development. The establishment and tendencies of psychophysiology, as a separate and independent direction in worldwide science were discussed. The development importance and necessity problems of psychophysiology in Armenia were presented in details as well. The scientific problems were presented, which are directed to be solved both worldwide and in Armenia.

Harmonization of the Activity of the Left and Right Cerebral Hemispheres - an Important Component of the Spiritual and Mental Health of Individual and Humanity

Harmonization of the Activity of the Left and Right Cerebral Hemispheres - an Important Component of the Spiritual and Mental Health of Individual and Humanity

Improving Rigor and Replicability in Psychophysiological Science: Evidential Value, Opportunities, and Registered Reports

Improving Rigor and Replicability in Psychophysiological Science: Evidential Value, Opportunities, and Registered Reports

Mind over Matter: Inside Hypnobirthing

In order to examine hypnotherapy, the psycho-physiological science underpinning the practice is an important issue and is significant for the use of hypnotherapy by women in labour and birth. Contemporary literature regarding hypnotherapy and its’ side effects and limitations focuses on the culture inherent in hypnotherapy ideology, whilst the pertinent ethical issues that arise and question its alignment with the contemporary midwifery perspective are an important factor within midwifery care. While it is possible for women to undertake hypnotherapy through self-taught measures, this paper will focus on women purchasing the CAM therapy, including the services of a supportive hypnotherapist who trains and partners with women antenatally and through their labour and birth.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)- a matter of concern

Psychophysiological science consider foundations of the mind is exemplified as Mental processes influence the physiological state of the body and changes in the body's physiology influence thoughts, feelings and motivational behavior. However, Harmony is a ubiquitous principle based on Motivations arise from physiological need to preserve the integrity of the organism, via processes and the ways we process or react to our environment depends on our internal bodily state. For example, if we are thirsty or hungry, the manner in which we behave toward food stimuli differs and biases perceptions, hedonics, cognitions and memory. Motivations drive behavior, while changes in the internal state of the body anticipate, facilitate or accommodate the consequences of motoric action. The result is an individual system in a state of vibrant instability internally that contributed to physical and social interaction with the external environment. The individual make-ups of character and behaviors has emerged out of such patterns of chemical release. The mind is supposed to be a virtual entity, one that reflects the workings of the neural networks, chemical and hormonal systems in our brain. It cannot be localized to particular areas within the brain, though the entire cerebral cortex and deep grey matter form important components. Realization, sensitivity, conduct, intelligence, linguistic, impulse, energy, the urge to excel and intellect of the most complex kind are the product of the wide-ranging and multifaceted linkages between the different parts of the brain. Likewise, anomalies attributed to the mind, such as the spectrum of illnesses dealt with by psychoanalysts are consequences of widespread aberrations, often in the chemical processes within different parts of the brain.

Diversity and representation: Key issues for psychophysiological science.

This Special Issue is devoted to the illustration and discussion of three key demographic variables (sex/gender, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status) that have been shown to moderate associations between psychophysiological processes and behavior. The introduction to the issue discusses the role of phenotypic plasticity in the emergence of different neural processes that achieve the same behavioral outcome, with emphasis on how these relatively stable developmental contexts affect brain/behavior associations without necessarily resulting in difference in behavior. These findings have profound significance for the implications of generalization and call into question the presumption that diverse samples produce an average result that is appropriately reflective of the individuals themselves. Increasing diversity within psychophysiological research is critical in elucidating mechanisms by which the human brain can accomplish cognitive and affective behaviors. This article further examines the logistical and ethical challenges faced in achieving this goal.

Psychophysiological science and the research domain criteria: A commentary

The current special issue, devoted to the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative of the US National Institute of Mental Health, showcases a variety of empirical and review articles that address issues related to this dimensional and multi-method approach to research on mental disorders. Here, we provide an integrative perspective on various aspects of these articles, focused around the primary principles of the RDoC approach and the practical and methodological issues related to conducting RDoC-informed research. The chief point we wish to highlight is that these articles demonstrate the ways in which the field of psychophysiology already thinks along the lines of RDoC in terms of using biobehavioral constructs, looking for convergence among constructs using various methodologies, and utilizing dimensional measurements in studies. In this sense, RDoC is not novel; however, by specifying a formal research platform it provides explicit encouragement and guidance for using such principles in understanding psychiatric phenomena, rather than continuing to focus research efforts on traditional diagnostic categories alone.

ANSLAB: Integrated multichannel peripheral biosignal processing in psychophysiological science.

Psychophysiological science employs a large variety of signals from the human body that index the activity of the peripheral nervous system. This allows for studying interactions of psychological and physiological processes that are relevant for understanding cognition, emotion, and psychopathology. The multidimensional nature of the data and the interactions between different physiological signals represent a methodological and computational challenge. Analysis software in this domain is often limited in its coverage of the signals from different physiological systems, and therefore only partially addresses these challenges. ANSLAB (short for Autonomic Nervous System Laboratory) is an integrated software suite that supports data visualization, artifact detection, data reduction, automated processing, and statistical analysis for a large range of autonomic, respiratory, and muscular measures. Analysis modules for cardiovascular (e.g., electrocardiogram, heart rate variability, blood pressure wave, pulse wave, and impedance cardiography), electrodermal (skin conductance level and responses), respiratory (respiratory pattern, timing, and volume variables, as well as capnography), and muscular (eye-blink startle, facial and bodily electromyography) systems are complemented by specialized modules (e.g., body temperature and accelerometry, cross-spectral analysis of respiratory and cardiac measures, signal averaging, and statistical analysis) and productivity-enhancing features (batched processing, fully automatized analyses, and data management). ANSLAB also facilitates the analysis of long-term recordings from ambulatory assessment studies. The present article reviews several analysis modules included in ANSLAB and describes how these address some of the current needs and methodological challenges of psychophysiological science.

Cognitive functioning in orthostatic hypotension due to pure autonomic failure

Psychophysiological science proposes close interactions between cognitive processes and autonomic responses, yet the consequences of autonomic failure on cognitive functioning have not been documented. This pilot study investigates, for the first time, the cognitive profile of 14 patients with Pure Autonomic Failure (PAF). Each patient was administered a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests and neuroimaging investigation. A number of patients (n = 6) presented with cognitive impairment. The two most frequent types of impairment were: deficits of speed and attention, and executive functioning. Impairments of free recall memory, intellectual functioning, nominal and calculation functions were also documented, albeit in a much lower frequency. These cognitive changes were not always associated with white matter abnormalities. We speculate that the cognitive impairments associated with PAF represent consequences of systemic hypotension with cerebral underperfusion. However, a failure in integrated bodily arousal responses during cognitive behaviours may also contribute to some of the observed deficits.

Brain dynamics, psychophysiological uncertainty and behavioral learning.

The present paper takes a first step toward the integration of recent findings on brain dynamics and learning into established fields of psychophysiological science. Leading-edge studies of brain dynamics have shown that the brain manifests an inherent variability and that, when new stimuli (i.e., "problems") are presented to the organism, brain chaos increases. Similarly, many previous studies using a wide variety of physiological and behavioral measures have shown that "psychophysiological uncertainty" is associated with novel stimuli, novice behavioral performance, and new stimulus-stimulus and response-stimulus contingencies. Such uncertainty may ultimately be resolved through some form of learning. Along with the general changes in physiological and behavioral activity, increases in brain chaos may usher the organism into an exploratory mode which serves as a catalyst for learning.