In criminal practice, the defense may be based on proof of the defendant’s insanity. Predisposition to criminal behavior may be genetically determined. Antisocial personality disorder has gender characteristics. The study of the effect of sex hormones on the propensity of individuals to antisocial and aggressive behavior revealed the role of genes encoding testosterone and estrogens, cytochrome family genes involved in the synthesis of steroid hormones. The relationship with the aggression of luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormone genes is much less studied. In studies, the relationship of prolactin with aggression against the background of drug use was obtained. The research data revealed the role of oxytocin genes in aggressive behavior of children. Epidemiological studies indicate an important role in the impulsive aggressive behavior of the Y chromosome. However, the results obtained on the relationship of aggressive personality traits with genes regulating sex hormones are ambiguous. One of the reasons for the inconsistency of the research results may be a limited sample of the number of subjects. The complexity of regulating behavior requires models that take into account many markers.

In this article, the author proposes a theoretical framework for examining the psychopathy construct within the context of extremist groups. Drawing from an integrative perspective that bridges psychoanalytic theory with an empirically grounded model of psychopathy, the author explores the interplay between the psychopathic features of leaders and followers in the development and maintenance of extremist groups. The author also elucidates the group-level dynamics that predispose these collectives to engage in extreme violence, sometimes paralleling the atrocities committed by notorious psychopathic murderers. To illustrate the proposed theoretical framework, the author examines the case of ISIS as a representative example of a psychopathic group. Furthermore, the author discusses the proposed framework in relation to clinical observations and empirical findings and examines its implications for the conceptualization and etiology of psychopathic personality. Finally, the author outlines strategies for preventing and mitigating the emergence of psychopathic groups.

Background: Prison officers play a crucial role in supervising and caring for the inmates in the correctional system. Chinese correctional officers were observed having depression and anxiety. Due to the dearth of studies in the literature related to mental health issues among correctional officers and to have a comprehensive understanding of gender differences among prison officers. The present study aims to investigate mental health issues between male and female prison officers. Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional study design conducted at Central Prison, Shivamogga, Karnataka. 42 prison officers (21 male and 21 female) were administered the depression, anxiety and stress scale to understand the difference in mental health status between male and female prison officers. Results: The present study observed a significant difference in stress between male and female prison officers. Conclusion: The current research concludes that male prison officers working at prisons undergo a lot of stress dealing with prisoners who mostly possess antisocial personalities. Additionally, counselling and providing awareness about mental health are some of the ways to reduce the stress of the prison officers.

The lysyl oxidase family is a group of copper-containing amine oxidases involved in the remodeling of the extracellular matrix, and regulates cell signaling, metabolism, organ development, and immunity by modifying the cellular matrix. Among them, LOXL3 had been shown to regulate the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast, colorectal, lung, melanoma, and gastric cancers. Differential expression of LOXL3 in tumor affects tumor progression by modulating immune microenvironment, where LOXL3 plays a role in regulating immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoints, and the establishment of tumor drug resistance. Here, we summarize the structure, mechanism, and functional role of LOXL3 in tumor and tumor immune microenvironment. Further, we explored strategies to improve the immunotherapy efficacy by targeting LOXL3 in tumor. Based on its properties in immunity, we explored strategies to improve the immune efficacy of LOXL3 in immunotherapy.

A characteristic test is a scientific procedure designed to measure a particular characteristic, such as behavior. The characteristic tests are used to predict the criminal behavior of people. This essay explores to what extent do psychopathic personality traits predict violent criminal behavior among adolescents. Specifically, the essay is going to be divided into two sections. Firstly, how psychopathic personality traits, particularlyCallous-Unemotional (CU) traits,impulsivity, andantisocial behavior, can predict violent criminal behavior in adolescents. The essay will first review existing research on the link between psychopathic traits and violent crime in adolescents, focusing on studies that use tools like theYouth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI)and thePsychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL-YV)to measure CU traits, impulsivity, and antisocial tendencies. Secondly, this essay will also explore the differences between adolescents and adults in terms of how psychiatric traits predict violent criminal behaviors. We will analyze the manifestations of traits such as CU and impulsivity in adolescents and adults, and explore how the differences affect the predictors of criminal behaviors. Also, in this essay, we will discuss more relevant reasons which will cause violent behavior, such as brain development, environmental upbringing, and adolescent personality changes. To summarize the main points from a number of current research studies, and analyze how psychiatric traits change over time, the essay aims to provide a clearer version of how psychiatric traits affect violent behaviors in adolescents, and what different roles these traits play in adults.

Distress tolerance (DT) is thought to be a transdiagnostic risk factor for psychopathology, especially borderline (BPD) and antisocial personality disorders (ASPD). However, most of the studies documenting the relationship of DT with BPD and ASPD have been cross-sectional, with few examining basic longitudinal patterns of change or interrelationships of these constructs. The present study examined longitudinal patterns of change and prospective reciprocal associations of DT with BPD and ASPD-related pathological personality traits (PPTs) in an adult clinical sample (N = 354) receiving inpatient treatment for substance use disorders and then reintegrating into the community across five time points (baseline, posttreatment, 1-, 3-, and 6-month follow-up). Results indicated high rank-order stability for DT and all PPTs, with significant mean level changes between baseline and follow-ups. Eleven bivariate random intercept cross-lagged panel models were fitted for the association of DT with PPTs. Within-person autoregressive effects were generally nonsignificant during treatment up until the posttreatment period but became significant during the community follow-up for both PPTs and DT. Within-person cross-lagged effects were generally nonsignificant, with only four brief and isolated reciprocal associations observed across disinhibition- and antagonism-related PPT models. Significant concurrent associations were replicated at both the within-person and between-person levels. These findings add to the limited literature on the longitudinal dynamics of DT and PPTs in clinical populations. They also underscore the potential value of targeting DT in interventions aimed at reducing emotional and behavioral dysregulation during the transition from treatment to community settings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

EXPRESS: Uncomfortably Yours: When Personalization Repels Customers

Supplemental Material for Longitudinal Association of Distress Tolerance With Borderline and Antisocial Personality Traits in a Substance Use Treatment Sample Attempting Sobriety

Does meta-analytic evidence support inter-identity amnesia in dissociative identity disorder? A commentary and corrected analysis for.

Dariusz Gatarek suggests that quantitative finance suffers from the same diseases as the rest of science, and one more: Dissociative Identity Disorder.

Evidence-based treatments are urgently needed for individuals with trauma-related dissociation (TRD), including severe dissociative disorders, the dissociative posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) subtype, and complex PTSD (International Classification of Diseases-10). TRD is strongly associated with severe trauma, a more refractory treatment course, and high suicidality and nonsuicidal self-injury. We evaluated changes in symptoms and adaptive capacities in individuals with high TRD through participation in an adjunctive online program based on the Finding Solid Ground (FSG) psychoeducational program. We provide an interim report on an ongoing, randomized controlled trial of FSG on an international sample of 291 outpatients with dissociative identity disorder, dissociative PTSD, other specified dissociative disorders, complex PTSD, or dissociative disorder, unspecified (International Classification of Diseases-10). Outpatient therapists continued to provide psychotherapy. Participants were randomly assigned to either receive immediate access to FSG or be on a 6-month waitlist before accessing FSG. We did not exclude for suicidality, nonsuicidal self-injury, recent or concurrent hospitalization, or substance abuse. Although initially comparable on outcome measures, at 6 months into the study, the Immediate FSG group showed significant improvement in emotion regulation, PTSD symptoms, self-compassion, and adaptive capacities in comparison to the Waitlist group. At 12 months, the Immediate group showed large effect size changes in these areas compared to study entry (|g|s = 0.95-1.32). The Waitlist group showed comparable improvements after accessing the FSG program for 6 months. This randomized controlled trial demonstrates that adding FSG to psychotherapy of individuals with TRD results in improvements in emotion regulation, PTSD symptoms, self-compassion, and adaptive functioning. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

ABSTRACT The present study assesses the impact of psychological and neuropsychological disorders on recidivism in a large sample (N = 1,490) of adult inmates in the United States. We explored the contributions of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, antisocial personality disorder, conduct disorder, executive dysfunction, neurocognitive disorder, and substance use disorder by comparing 745 first-time offenders to 745 repeat offenders. These variables were measured by the 250-item Coolidge Correctional Inventory. Statistical analyses revealed antisocial personality disorder, conduct disorder, neurocognitive disorder, and substance use disorder were present in greater levels in the repeat offenders compared to the first-time offenders, which is consistent with previous literature. The behavioural complexity of recidivism was discussed, and future lines of research were offered. Specifically, directions are provided for clinicians regarding assessment alternatives to self-report as well as other social and mental conditions which may influence the relationship between the aforementioned disorders and recidivism.

People who identify as both transgender and plural (more than one person sharing a body), including those with a diagnosis of Dissociative Identity Disorder, make decisions related to gender identity and presentation, and may engage with healthcare providers to receive gender affirming care. Internal decision-making by people experiencing plurality has not been studied extensively. Furthermore, the existing literature on plural decision-making does not address the intersection of transgender identity and the associated choices to be made about external gender expression or shared body modifications. Using a community-based participatory research design and a non-pathologizing lens, the research team interviewed 15 transgender and plural participants. Through thematic analysis, three themes were developed, describing the context of conflict, collective decision-making processes, and solutions that promoted harmony within plural systems. Plural participants were able to effectively navigate decision-making regarding harmful societal narratives about transgender identity, external gender presentation, and receiving gender-affirming medical care. Recommendations from the data serve to assist clinicians in understanding and supporting affirming, autonomous and informed decision-making by trans and plural clients.

Despite the abundance of reports of mental disorders in medical diagnosis, few studies have employed standard techniques on representative patient groups. Psychiatric disorders are currently the most frequent cause of extended absences due to illness. Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) techniques can be helpful in selecting appropriate treatments or interventions for psychiatric disorder patients. These techniques allow decision-makers to consider multiple criteria that might have different levels of importance or uncertainty. In this paper, interval-valued Pythagorean trapezoidal fuzzy numbers are used to handle uncertainty or imprecision in a more complex manner. Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (F-AHP) is used to find the symptoms weight of a psychiatric disorder patient. Using this wight, the rank of the alternative disorder of a patient is determined by the Fuzzy Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (F-PROMETHEE) technique. Ten types of disease disorders are taken into consideration, which are mood disorder, anxiety disorder, personality disorder, obsessive-compulsive and related disorder, trauma and stressor disorder, eating disorder, neurodevelopmental disorder, sleep disorder, dissociative identity disorder (DID), mental disorder. Finally, sensitivity and comparative analysis are done to check the reliability and consistency of our results.

Objective: Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) is associated with a heightened risk of suicide, particularlyamong male patients, where chosen suicide methods tend to be more lethal. The link between suicidalbehavior and plasma testosterone levels remains a key area of investigation. This study investigateswhether plasma testosterone levels differ between ASPD patients with a history of suicide attempts,aiming to explore the hormone’s potential role as a biomarker for suicide risk. This study aimed to explorethe association between plasma testosterone levels and suicidal behavior in individuals with ASPD whoattempted suicide.Methods: A total of 44 patients with ASPD and 24 healthy controls were enrolled, matched by age,education, and gender. Biochemical evaluations included total and free testosterone, thyroid functiontests, blood lipids, folate, ferritin, and vitamin B12 levels. Psychopathological assessments were conductedusing the Hamilton Depression (HAM-D) and Anxiety (HAM-A) Scales.Results: The mean ages of the patient and control groups were 22.26 (±3.04) and 24.36 (±2.5) years,respectively. Free testosterone levels were significantly elevated in the patient group compared to controls(P=.02). Hamilton Anxiety (HAM-A) and HAM-D scores were also notably higher in the patient group. Apositive correlation was identified between free testosterone levels and high-density lipoprotein inpatients with ASPD (R=0.520; P < .05).Conclusion: These preliminary findings suggest that elevated free testosterone may contribute toincreased suicide risk in men with ASPD, potentially through its impact on impulsivity and aggression.While the effect size was modest, identifying hormonal patterns associated with suicidal behavior mayhelp guide future risk assessment strategies. Further research with larger and more diverse samples is warranted.Cite this article as: Garip B, İnanç Ö. Relationship between plasma testosterone and suicidal behavior in patients withantisocial personality disorder. Neuropsychiatr Invest. 2025, 63, 0017, doi:10.5152/NeuropsychiatricInvest.2025.25017.

This article discusses the experimental models of complex decision environments to better understand risky behaviors. Risky behaviors-such as substance misuse, aggression, and rule breaking-span many clinical conditions, including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, substance use disorders, antisocial personality disorder, and bipolar disorder. A robust body of research indicates that these behaviors are often rooted in impairments in decision making. This conclusion is supported by experimental research that estimates how people evaluate and respond to information. Experimental methods are particularly powerful because they enable researchers to observe decision making as it unfolds in real time, while also providing precise control over aspects of the decision environment that shape behavior. Despite these strengths, the experimental tasks traditionally used to study decision making as it relates to risky behavior have remained relatively static over the past three decades. The authors argue for developing innovative experimental tasks that better capture the complex real-world environments where risky decisions occur and their implications for clinical conditions. The authors highlight the initial steps for capturing conditions where momentary decisions are embedded within context. This work still needs to be extended to the study of risky behaviors relevant to clinical conditions. By more richly representing the landscape of decision making, one may better understand which environments promote, or even discourage, risky behaviors across clinical populations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Clinical patterns in a neuroimaging-based predictive model of self-reported dissociation.

BackgroundKitousei‐Seishinbyo, or psychosis induced by invocation, was first described by Morita in 1915 as a culture‐bound syndrome characterized by possession‐like states and personality transformation triggered by prayer or spiritual practices. New psychosocial triggers (e.g., self‐improvement seminars, emerging religious groups) have been identified. However, reports of possession‐related episodes have become extremely rare. Diagnostic confusion with dissociative identity disorder or other specified dissociative disorders persists.Case PresentationA woman in her 50s, with no prior psychiatric history, developed acute possession‐like symptoms after visiting a fortune‐teller. She was told her misfortune was caused by the spirit of her aborted child. Soon after, she entered trance states, spoke in altered voices (male and childlike), and exhibited personality changes, agitation, and dangerous behaviors, leading to involuntary admission. On evaluation, laboratory tests, electroencephalogram (EEG), and imaging were unremarkable. During hospitalization, she exhibited mutism, rigidity, temporary auditory hallucinations, and somatic complaints such as heaviness and dizziness, which fluctuated depending on spiritual contact. Retrospective review revealed significant psychosocial stressors, including marital discord, caregiving burden, and strained family relationships. Management involved family psychoeducation, occupational therapy, and low‐dose psychotropics (tandospirone and zolpidem). Her symptoms gradually stabilized, and she voluntarily discontinued spiritual practices. She was discharged after 62 days with improved family dynamics and sustained recovery.ConclusionThis case illustrates a present‐day example of Kitousei‐Seishinbyo triggered by encountering a fortune‐teller. Improvement was achieved through combined psychosocial interventions and low‐dose pharmacotherapy.

Background A dissociative identity disorder (DID) complicates care for trans people seeking gender affirming medical and surgical treatments (GAMST). Monash Health Gender Clinic (MHGC) clinicians noted an increase in clients reporting dissociative symptoms suggesting DID. Aim To evaluate implications of a DID diagnosis for assessment and clinical care for clients seeking GAMST. Methods 1. A literature review identified and systematically summarized relevant cases. 2. Clinicians identified relevant MHGC clients (2016-2023); file reviews of constructed case summaries and a matrix. Results 1. Analysis of 32 relevant articles identified themes: high trauma rates; reluctance to discuss DID symptoms complicated diagnosis; psychotherapy improving dissociation occasionally changed desire for GAMST; and integrating alter personalities. Prevalence studies found varying DID rates in trans people (0-1.5%), with DID and dissociative symptoms at higher rates compared to controls. Dissociative symptoms reduced with GAMST and increased with abuse and transphobia. 2. At MHGC, four clients were identified with a formal clinician DID diagnosis, one with Other Specified Dissociative Disorder - Type 1B, and four with a suspected or self diagnosis and relevant symptoms. Clients with a formal diagnosis reported earlier and more severe childhood trauma. All nine clients required an extended assessment, including: consulting external specialists (n = 4), seeking secondary opinions (n = 5), and clinical review meeting discussion (n = 9). Clinicians determined that all identified alters (n = 7) or main fronters (n = 2) favored GAMST. Conclusions Awareness of DID is needed in complex trauma history cases, as is reaching consensus among alters, through a supportive approach without restricting access to GAMST. Clinicians took a slower, more cautious approach to assessing clients with DID. Mapping and obtaining consent from all identified alters were key steps before providing GAMST.

Introduction The relationship between antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), moral identity, and health-risk behaviors such as smoking in young adults reflects a complex psychosocial and neurobiological construct. This study aimed to (1) examine the predictive roles of ASPD traits and moral identity in emotional attention bias toward health-risk smoking behaviors (Model 1) and non-health risk behaviors (Model 2), and (2) investigate whether moral identity moderates the association between ASPD traits and emotional attention bias for these behaviors (Partial Correlation Models 1 and 2). Methods Twenty-one participants (mean age = 22 years) meeting eligibility criteria were recruited. Brain activity associated with attentional bias was measured using event-related potentials (ERPs). Participants viewed visual stimuli representing smoking-related behaviors, non-health risk behaviors, and neutral content, while P300 brain potentials were extracted following standard procedures at central-parietal regions. Results Moral symbolization explained 24% of the variance in attentional bias toward smoking-related stimuli in Model 1 and 26% of the variance in attention to non-health risk behaviors in Model 2, as reflected by P300 amplitude. Moral internalization significantly moderated the relationship between impulsivity and attention bias toward smoking stimuli, as indicated by P300 latency (p = 0.03). Callous-unemotional traits were also significantly associated with attentional bias for smoking-related behaviors, influenced by moral internalization (p = 0.03). Discussion Findings indicate that moral symbolization robustly predicts attentional responses to both risky and non-risky cues, while moral internalization buffers impulsivity and callous-unemotional traits in shaping smoking-related biases. These results highlight the neurocognitive role of moral identity in regulating risky attentional patterns, extending prior research on moral–emotional regulation. Conclusion Strengthening moral identity could serve as an intervention strategy to reduce attentional biases toward health-risk behaviors, supporting the development of targeted programs for healthier decision-making. Replication with larger, more diverse samples is warranted.