Psychopathic Behavior Research Articles

Mood Disorders in Schizotypal Disorder with Leading Syndrome of Eating Disorders

Background: сoverage of the problem of mood disorders in patients with schizotypal disorder with leading eating disorders (EDs), in childhood and adolescence is relevant. However, concomitant disorders in eating disorder in childhood and adolescence and their dynamics have not been sufficiently studied. The aim: to study the clinical and psychopathological structure of mood disorders in patients with schizotypal disorder and eating disorders leading in the clinical picture. Patients and methods: the study included 50 patients (9 boys, 41 girls), aged 7 to 16 years. Inclusion criteria: 1) schizotypal disorder; 2) eating disorders; 3) mood disorders. Research methods: clinical-psychopathological, psychometric (HDRS, PANSS), follow-up, somatic observation. Results: in patients with schizotypal and mood disorders, the following variants of eating disorder were observed: anorexia nervosa (AN — first type), anorexia nervosa with dominance of bulimia (ANB — second type), anorexia nervosa with dominance of bulimia and vomitomania (ANB + B — third type). Mood disorders in the first type of eating disorder were characterized by a pronounced depressive triad, suicidal thoughts and stupor at the cachectic stage of the disease. Mood disorders in the second type of eating disorder were characterized by a mixed affective state: short unproductive mania, ideas of dysmorphophobia, ideas of attitude, followed by a prolonged depressive state with senesto-hypochondriacal disorders, asthenia, and an increase in cognitive impairment. Mood disorders in the third type of eating disorder were characterized by the presence, of pronounced delusional and dysmorphophobic disorders and ideas of attitude, psychopathic behavior, depersonalization-derealization disorders, asthenia and cognitive impairment. Affective pathology in schizotypal disorder with eating disorder, as well as body dysmorphic syndrome, persisted for a long time. The most severe course was observed in the third group of patients (NANB + B), which was due to a significant proportion of psychotic disorders in the structure of the syndrome and somatic complications due to vomiting behavior. Conclusions: patients with schizotypal disorder with leading symptoms of eating disorder and mood disorders require an integrated approach to therapy, including somatic and psychopharmacological treatment.

NARRATIVE TECHNIQUE IN THE NOVEL OF “THE COLLECTOR”

As a historical meta-narrative, the novel "The Collector" contains features such as realism, a mixture of memoir genres, thematically focuses on the ideology of fascism and Darwin's theory, existentialism and psychopathic behavior, and some of the features of postmodernism are shown in this novel.

Unmasking the Connection Between Managerial Narcissism, Machiavellianism and Leader–Member Exchange in the Singaporean Construction Industry: Managerial Corporate Psychopathic Behaviour as a Mediator

The current study aims to investigate the effect of managerial narcissism and Machiavellianism on leader–member exchange (LMX) quality and the mediating role of managerial corporate psychopathic behaviour in the aforementioned relationships. A questionnaire was designed and distributed to management professionals working in the Singaporean construction sector. A total of 300 responses were collected and analysed through SPSS version 26 and SmartPLS 4 software. The results demonstrated that managerial narcissism and Machiavellianism were negatively associated with LMX quality. The findings of this study showed that managerial narcissism and Machiavellianism facilitate managerial corporate psychopathic behaviour. The study also found that a negative relationship exists between managerial corporate psychopathic behaviour and LMX quality. Most importantly, the study provided valuable empirical evidence on the mediating effect of managerial corporate psychopathic behaviour in the relationships between narcissism and LMX quality and between Machiavellianism and LMX quality, thereby highlighting the underlying mechanism interconnecting the variables. Practically, this study draws attention to the need for construction corporations to create an organizational culture emphasizing collaboration instead of hierarchy and autocracy to minimize the indifference between managers and subordinates.

Emergency care for post-traumatic stress disorders complicated by psychosis

The work provides information on the emergency care for post-traumatic stress disorders complicated by psychosis. Emphasis is placed on cases of severe depression with suicidal manifestations and alcoholic complications with disorders of consciousness and psychosis. It is noted that in recent years, typical cases of post-traumatic stress disorder have often become more complicated and aggravated, because the debilitating nature of mental trauma persists in modern life due to military events. Therefore, in the clinical picture of psychogenic disorders, severe depressive states with suicidal tendencies can develop. In such cases, moodiness dominates, as well as episodes of significant melancholy that a patient experiences as torment, physical suffering. Ideas of self-accusation arise, which are closely related to the psychotraumatic situation and constitute the dominant content of a psychogenic complex. Patients blame themselves of the emerging trouble. Under the influence of such experiences, exacerbations develop with an increase in anxiety, hopelessness, suicidal thoughts with intentions and actions; sleep and appetite deteriorate, retardation, apathy, and indifference develop. Such conditions are more likely to occur in conditions of family trouble, in persons with weak personal psychological protection in a decreased tolerance to emotional stress, altered self-esteem. In other cases, patients with post-traumatic stress disorders become withdrawn, alienated, and spiteful. People can experience difficulties when communicating with others, they become irritable, sometimes aggressive. At this time, patients refuse to fulfill the traditional requirements of professional activity. In families, they become strangers, estranged from their relatives. Therefore, over time, they may lose their jobs and families. Characteristics of psychopathic behavior can predispose individuals to alcoholism and drug addiction, which in turn contribute significantly to social and micro-social maladaptation. When providing urgent care to such patients, it is necessary to be guided by the requirements of the legislation on psychiatric care. In the acute period, antidepressant, neuroleptic and sedative therapy in injections should be prescribed to quickly achieve the desired therapeutic effect, followed by switching to oral forms of basic and adjuvant therapy. Psychocorrectional measures should also be an important component of the process of further rehabilitation of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder.

Investigating The Psychopathy Shown by Emma in The Bad Seed Film by Rob Lowe

A literary work can be converted into another format, for instance, a film. In filmmaking, the themes taken are derived from our depiction of life. Therefore, a film can raise a psychological theme that discusses one of gripping psychology like personality disorders. One of the personality disorders that often heard of is psychopathy. Through the characters in the film, a psychological perspective of a psychopath is displayed. This research aims to analyze the type of psychopathic behavior depicted by Emma Grossman as the main character in The Bad Seed (2018) film directed by Rob Lowe. The author used a qualitative method in describing the analysis of psychopathic behavior experienced by the main character. In investigating the type of psychopathy on Emma, the theory proposed by Millon and Davis (1998) was applied. Based on the research, Emma's enviousness which turns into revenge and several background personality of her psychopathy match the type of Malignant Psychopath. In addition, this research is expected to provide awareness of psychopathy behavior.

Leisure activities of young drug users and non-drug users: association with five personality factors

The article presents the survey data of 4422 Kharkiv students from higher education institutions of III-IV accreditation levels, among whom 8.1 % used drugs during the last year. Using the validated and adapted BFI-10 screening questionnaire for the rapid diagnosis of five personality factors, the association of personality factors with drug use in the 12 months before the study has been established. The analysis of the leisure activities of student youth in Kharkiv shows that it is quite stable. The most common forms of leisure are spending free time on the Internet, going for walks and socialising with friends, studying and doing homework, watching films and TV programmes (including on the Internet), as well as hobbies and interests. Individual sports activities, reading books, going to cafes and restaurants with friends, playing computer games, and working or having a part-time job are of medium prevalence. The least common forms of active recreation were bowling or billiards, attending a sports section, concerts, clubs or discos. Doing homework (r=0.103, p<0.01), watching TV programmes (r=0.083, p<0.01) and playing sports individually (r=0.063, p<0.01) have a negative correlation with drug use. Low values of the big five personality factors “C” – conscientiousness (r=0.063, p<0.01) and work in free time (r=–0.136, p<0.01) – have a positive correlation with drug use.
 Factor analysis has allowed to identify and meaningfully interpret eight factors that describe the internal structure of leisure activities of student youth in Kharkiv. Only one factor was found to be related to drug use which is the factor of “Earning money for drugs”, which consists of low values of the personal factor “Consciousness” and the dominance of work over studies in the structure of leisure time. Two factors related to computer game playing have also been identified such as “psychopathic gaming behaviour” and “neurotic gaming behaviour”. The findings allow to draw a conclusion that should be used in building prevention programmes: the risk of drug use increases in individuals with a low level of the Big Five C personality factor – consciousness – and the dominance of work and part-time jobs in the structure of leisure over the main activity of the student which is studying.

“Perrotta-Marciano questionnaire on the grade of awareness of one’s deviant and criminal behaviors” (ADCB-Q-2) and the “Criminal Spectre”: Development, Updates, Regulation, and Validation of a new psychometric instrument

Introduction: Absent in the literature is the category of “criminal spectre” as a macro container that includes all those deviant, antisocial, and psychopathic behaviors, thereby generating confusion and interpretative distortions, as in the case of antisociality and psychopathy among them considered in some cases as synonyms. Methods: Updated the Perrotta-Marciano Questionnaire on the state of awareness of one’s deviant and criminal behaviors (ADCB-Q), from 30 items to 40 items and with 2 subscales to differentiate deviant from antisocial behaviors (ADCB-Q-2), to make comparisons with the Deviant Behavior Variety Scale (DBVS) and the Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R). Results: Statistical analysis showed that the second edition of the test has a well-defined and stable construct (R = 0.999; p ≤ 0.001), and is positively correlated with the other 2 compared tests, the DBVS (R = 0.943) and the PCL-R (R = 0.966). A comparison of comparable items returned an R = 0.999 with a 99.9% equal value. Conclusion: Defining the “criminal spectre” as a dysfunctional pattern consisting of a clinically relevant cross-cutting condition in which the subject manifests deviant, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic, antisocial, and psychopathic behaviors, the Perrotta-Marciano Questionnaire on the State of Awareness of One’s Deviant and Criminal Behaviors (ADCB-Q-2) is a valid, efficient, effective and stable psychometric tool to identify in behavioral profiles all the behaviors that fall within the “criminal spectrum”.

Psychopaty of The Main Character in The Collection Short Stories Perempuan Yang Menunggu by DM Ningsih

This research is entitled Psychopathy of the main character in a collection of women's short stories waiting for DM Ningsih's work in terms of literary psychology. Psychopathy is a personality disorder characterized by a group of behaviors and traits, including ego, deceit, shallow emotions, lack of guilt, remorse, empathy and an anti-social lifestyle as well as a tendency to ignore or violate social conventions and rules. This study aims to describe the psychopathy of the main character in a collection of short stories by DM Ningsih with a literary psychology approach, using Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic personality theory in particular, namely Personality Structure and Psychopathy-Checklist Revised Hare. The results of this study are (1) The form of psychopathic behavior of the main character in DM Ningsih's short story collection is based on the characteristics of the special actors in psychopaths, namely antisoacial behavior, likes to manipulate, aggressive behavior, sadistic behavior, and no regrets and no guilt so that the form of behavior can be determined psychopath. (2) the factors that cause the main character to behave psychopathically in DM Ningsih's short story collection are environmental and traumatic factors.

The Psychopathy of John Berryman and Its Application to His Poetry “Not To Live”

The phenomenon of psychopathic behavior that occurs in society has unconsciously inspired various forms of art, one of which is poetry. More poets write about their mental illness through indirect expression. Poetry is one of the popular ways to express it. This research aims to analyze the word or phrase in “Not To Live” to find the psychopath of the poem. The approach used in this study is a semiotic approach and uses a qualitative method. Data were collected through observation and repeated readings through heuristic and hermeneutic readings. Data analysis used descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of semiotic research in John Berryman’s poetry is that reading heuristics describes how bad the world and life are. That meaning can be seen through simile, metaphor, personification, ambiguity, and contradiction. To show the author’s personality, hermeneutic reading shows the feelings of hatred experienced by John Berryman because the world is full of hypocrites and deceit. Matrix, model, and variant in Not to Live can be seen as distorted personality due to the sorrw of his life, and proven by unrhyme matrix in his poetr. The hypnogram of the poetry is when the poet feels how real life is and how to survive. From the semiotic approach, the poem can be seen as psychopathic poetry.

Being unwanted and other very early predictors of adult psychopathy

PurposeThis paper aims to present new evidence from the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development (CSDD) showing the extent to which obstetric (e.g. abnormal birth weight, confinement at birth, severe abnormality of pregnancy, etc.) and early childhood and family factors (illegitimate child, unwanted conception, family overcrowding, etc.) have predictive effects on psychopathic traits measured later in life at age 48 years.Design/methodology/approachData collected in the CSDD are analysed. This is a prospective longitudinal study of 411 London men from age 8 to age 61 years.FindingsThe results suggest that none of the obstetric problems were predictive of adult psychopathy. However, some other early childhood factors were significant. Unwanted conception (by the mother) was significantly associated with high psychopathy. The likelihood of being an unwanted child was higher when the mother was younger (19 years or less), and when the child was illegitimate. The poor health of the mother and living in an overcrowded family were also significant in predicting psychopathy in adulthood, as well as both psychopathic personality (F1) and psychopathic behaviour (F2).Originality/valueThese findings suggest the influence of very early emotional tensions and problematic social background in predicting psychopathic traits in adulthood (at age 48 years). They also emphasise the importance of investigating further the very early roots of psychopathic traits.

What Leads to "Serial Killer" Behavior?

The paper is a hypothesis/inestigative paper that dives into the causes for "serial killer" behavior. The main claim is that the amygdala is one of the main causes of vioent behavior. Examples such as Ted Bundy and Ed Gein are desrcibed and analyzed to find a connection between their actions and their dyfunctional amygdalas. The crimes of Ted Bundy and his remorseless killings reveals his psychopathic behavior that is most likely caused by the problems with his amygdala. Ed Gein's childhood trauama and unhealthy attachment to his mother lead to schizophrenic behavior after her death, which may have caused problems in his amygdala, which in turn leads to crime.

ChildhoodTraumatic Experience, Attachment Quality, and Parenting Styleas Predicting Factors of Psychopathic Behaviour

The objective of this study was to investigate how childhoodtraumatic experiences, attachment qualities with parents and peers and perceived parenting style contribute to psychopathic behaviours among inmates. A sizeof 270 institutionalised participantsresponded to a questionnaire comprising items from the Levenson’s Self Report Psychopathy (LSRP, α = .83), Early Trauma Inventory Self-Report Short Form (Cronbach’s α = .89), Parenting Style Inventory-II (Cronbach’s α = .75),and Inventory of Parent and Peers Attachments (Cronbach’s α = .83).The results showed that early childhood experiences of sexual abuse showed significant prediction of psychopathy[β =.24, t = 2.63, p <.05].Alienation in attachment quality significantlypredicted psychopathy[β = -.19, t = 3.01, p < .01]. Similarly, parenting style autonomy-grantingsignificantly predicted psychopathy [β = .25, t = 3.64, p < .01]. The study concludes that the experience of childhood trauma, the quality of attachment and parenting style could have implication for psychopathic behaviour pattern

Behavioral phenomena of depression in adolescence

To study behavioral phenomena of depressive disorders in adolescence. Ninety-five patients, aged 12 to 17 years, with a mixed disorder of emotions and behavior without cognitive impairment and psychotic disorders were examined. Clinical-psychopathological, clinical-follow-up methods, Beck scales, the Spielberger-Khanin scale, Zung and PDO questionnaires, statistical analysis were used. The structure of this syndrome included affective disorders: low mood (n=84 88.4%), loss of interest in studies, everyday life (n=81, 85.3%) and behavioral disorders: manifestation of aggression (n=47, 49.5%), auto-aggression (n=44, 46.3%), suicidal thoughts (n=34, 35.8%), decrease in academic performance (n=35, 36.8%), low motivation for learning, refusal to attend school (n=24, 25.3%). Clinical assessment of the characteristics of behavioral disorders demonstrated the heterogeneity of symptoms, which made it possible to distinguish two groups: psychopathic and anxious behavior. In group I, (n=47, 38.3%) predominated aggression, protest reactions (72.3%), (p<0.001), conflicts with teachers, classmates (87.2%), (p=0.014), addictions (25.5%), (p=0.011). In group II (n=48, 22.9%), there were anxiety symptoms (60.4%, p=0.00015), emotional lability, isolation, with a predominance of schizoid personality traits (62.5%) (χ2=.56, p=0.024, φ=0.242) and with a weak emancipation reaction (78.6%) (χ2=5.16, p=0.04, φ=0.233). Behind the behavioral phenomena of depressive disorders, psychopathic and anxious symptom complexes can occur. These disorders determine the dynamic aspect of the formation of a depressive disorder and occur mainly at the onset of the syndrome. Only long-term follow-up of such patients can answer the question of which nosological form adolescent depression belongs to.

FRACTALS TO EXPRESS AND MEASURE CULTURE, CULTURAL INNOVATION, COOPERATION, HYPOCRITICAL COOPERATION, DYSSOCIAL AND PSYCHOPATIC BEHAVIOR

An introduction is made to formulate through the language of fractals the basic processes of culture, cultural change, cultural innovation, cooperation, hypocrisy, hypocritical cooperation, dyssocial or psychopathic behavior, etc... On this base, we are able to express, to describe and moreover to try to discover, to challenge and to protect against abuse all these crucial behaviors in management, in theoretical and applied science of justice, jurisdiction, jurisprudence as well in politicology, science of war and peace…

Psychopathic and autistic traits differentially influence the neural mechanisms of social cognition from communication signals

Psychopathy is associated with severe deviations in social behavior and cognition. While previous research described such cognitive and neural alterations in the processing of rather specific social information from human expressions, some open questions remain concerning central and differential neurocognitive deficits underlying psychopathic behavior. Here we investigated three rather unexplored factors to explain these deficits, first, by assessing psychopathy subtypes in social cognition, second, by investigating the discrimination of social communication sounds (speech, non-speech) from other non-social sounds, and third, by determining the neural overlap in social cognition impairments with autistic traits, given potential common deficits in the processing of communicative voice signals. The study was exploratory with a focus on how psychopathic and autistic traits differentially influence the function of social cognitive and affective brain networks in response to social voice stimuli. We used a parametric data analysis approach from a sample of 113 participants (47 male, 66 female) with ages ranging between 18 and 40 years (mean 25.59, SD 4.79). Our data revealed four important findings. First, we found a phenotypical overlap between secondary but not primary psychopathy with autistic traits. Second, primary psychopathy showed various neural deficits in neural voice processing nodes (speech, non-speech voices) and in brain systems for social cognition (mirroring, mentalizing, empathy, emotional contagion). Primary psychopathy also showed deficits in the basal ganglia (BG) system that seems specific to the social decoding of communicative voice signals. Third, neural deviations in secondary psychopathy were restricted to social mirroring and mentalizing impairments, but with additional and so far undescribed deficits at the level of auditory sensory processing, potentially concerning deficits in ventral auditory stream mechanisms (auditory object identification). Fourth, high autistic traits also revealed neural deviations in sensory cortices, but rather in the dorsal auditory processing streams (communicative context encoding). Taken together, social cognition of voice signals shows considerable deviations in psychopathy, with differential and newly described deficits in the BG system in primary psychopathy and at the neural level of sensory processing in secondary psychopathy. These deficits seem especially triggered during the social cognition from vocal communication signals.

OBSESSIVE LOVE DISORDER AND PSYCHOPATHIC BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAIN CHARACTER IN GONE GIRL MOVIE THROUGH PSYCHOANALYSIS PERSPECTIVE

The research is conducted to analyze the character in the movie Gone Girl that has a serious mental disorder which is a Psychopathic Behavior. The cause of the mental disorder in the character of this movie is because of her obsessive love towards her husband. In conducting the research, descriptive qualitative method is used to elaborate the symptoms of Psychopathic Behavior. The psychoanalysis perspective theory was applied to analyze every action that the main character has done which matches with the characterization of psychopathic behavior that cause by her obsessive love disorder towards her husband.

Leave Your Psychopathic Behaviour Outside the Playground

‘Leave your psychopathic behaviour outside this playground, there are small children here’, screamed a furious father at Malki Tesler, an Israeli artist staging a public intervention in the center of Tel Aviv’s Meir Park, where she peacefully sat, physically blocking the playground’s slide and preventing children from using the amenity. Tesler’s site-specific work is an antagonistic act that evolved into a participatory event, thereby blurring the lines between public art, performance, and activism. Predicated on a determined refusal to play and a public presentation of a vulnerable body, this act instigated an incredibly violent reaction by children and chaperones alike, and therefore exposed the fragility of the so-called Israeli social bond and the exclusionary practices that sustain it.

The Absence of Parents and Psychopathic Disorder in Dismissed Movie

This study aims to discover the psychopath characteristics of the main character, Lucas, as depicted in the movie Dismissed, and investigate how Lucas’ obsession, which makes him a psychopath, is related to the absence of parents. The qualitative descriptive analysis method is used in analyzing the data. Data is collected by watching, understanding, identifying, interpreting, and analyzing data from the Dismissed movie. Thi study uses psychoanalytic theory by Sigmund Freud and psychopathic personality disorder by Robert D Hare. This study reveals that the absence of parents during Lucas’ developmental period can wreak havoc on the manifestation of psychological disturbance in Lucas. Lucas has a psychopathic personality disorder. His psychopathic problem makes him a killer to gain his excessive obsession to get an “A” from his teacher. The writer concludes that Lucas’ psychopathic problem is convincingly connected to parental absence. Lucas experienced imperfect psychosexual development, resulting in fixation at the phallic stage due to the death of his mother and the lack of intense bonding between Lucas and his father as his role model. Lucas becomes a person who has an excessive obsession, has poor behavior control, has no empathy, and has no remorse and guilt. When dealing with trauma and anxiety, Lucas’ ego uses projection as a defense mechanism. He projects the longingness for his mother figure to other women he kills. Therefore, his psychopathic behavior is a means he does to substitute and reduce the anxiety and trauma of parental absence in his life.

Structural Equation Modelling of Primary and Secondary Vulnerability of Psychopathic Disorder based on Behavioral Brain Systems in Medical Students

Background. The level of activity of behavioral brain systems is one of the effective factors in the occurrence or persistence psychopathic behaviors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to structurally model primary and secondary psychopathic disorder based on behavioral brain systems. Methods. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of correlational research method. The statistical population of this study includes all medical students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. A total of 284 subjects were selected as a sample by convenience sampling method and they performed Lonson, Kiel and Fetispatrick Psychopathy Scale and the Carver and White Brain-Behavioral Systems Scale. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modelling with SPSS software version 24 and LISREL version 8.80. Results. The results showed that the behavioral activation system has a positive and significant relationship with primary and secondary psychopathy and the behavioral inhibition system has a negative and significant relationship with primary and secondary psychopathy (P &lt;0.01). The results of structural equation model showed that behavioral activator system and behavioral inhibition system have an effective role on primary and secondary psychopathy (P &lt;0.01). Also, the results of structural equation model showed acceptable model (2/df= 2.50, RMSEA= 0.075, CFI= 0.96, NFI= 0.94, GFI= 0.94). Conclusion. According to the function of activating systems and behavioral inhibition, pathological personality traits can be oriented or corrected before the formation and stabilization of these traits.

The importance of an exaggerated attention bottleneck for understanding psychopathy.

The psychopath has long captured the imagination. A name such as Ted Bundy evokes a morbid curiosity. The crimes committed by Bundy are so cruel that it is hard to imagine how someone could do such things. In this review we discuss evidence that exaggeration in an attention bottleneck is one mechanism that makes it possible for psychopathic individuals to be adept at focusing on a single stimulus feature or goal but struggle to process multiple streams of information simultaneously. This exaggeration may partly explain the behavioral, affective, and social deficits that are apparent among psychopathic individuals. Further research on this attentional mechanism may promote a science that adequately captures the complexity of psychopathic behavior and offers new avenues for intervention.