Psychological Support For Families Research Articles

How parents experience their adolescent’s disclosure of previous sexual abuse: a qualitative study

IntroductionParents whom adolescents disclose sexual abuse face both a personal traumatic experience, and the need to support their child who is going through a grueling period and needs them. Many quantitative studies exploring the psychological impact of disclosure on parents have been conducted, but few have used qualitative methods. The objective of this study is to explore parents’ experiences of their adolescent’s disclosure of sexual abuse during psychiatric care, identify the possible beneficial factors and shortcomings, share this knowledge, and improve interventions for these families.MethodsWe conducted semi structured interviews with parents whose children disclosed sexual abuse during their psychiatric care in Paris and analyzed these interviews using a phenomenological framework (interpretative phenomenological analysis).ResultsThis study analyzed 13 semi structured interviews of 9 mothers and 4 fathers whose children were then aged 14 to 17 years. Qualitative analysis uncovered three themes: (1) Parents: alerts and search for support; (2) Between parents and adolescents: a disruption in relationships linked to the disclosure and its legal consequences; (3) Disclosure at the family level: the possible reactivation of a traumatic past and the search for a new equilibrium.ConclusionsConsidering the parental experience is essential in caring for adolescent patients after they disclose sexual abuse. The need for parental or family psychological support should be systematically assessed. Possible resurgence of parental trauma requires psychiatrists’ careful consideration.

PEDAGOGICAL STRATEGIES TO MITIGATE SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR AMONG CHILDREN WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF FAMILY EDUCATION

At the moment, many approaches try to explain the true causes of suicide in children and adolescents. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of the family as a factor in the consolidation of auto-aggressive patterns in children and adolescents. The deformation of parent-child relationships and the disorganization of the family as a whole can be considered one of the main socio-psychological causes of suicide. Often the reason for the suicidal risk of a teenager can be an early loss of parents or a violation of constructive relationships with them, an incomplete family, or economic problems in the family. The article aims to describe the factors of suicidal risk, in particular, significant experiences associated with close relationships in the family throughout the life of the individual. To gauge the propensity for suicidal ideation, a suicidal risk questionnaire was employed Additionally, the Eysenck test, encompassing 70 inquiries, was harnessed to ascertain the proclivity towards extraversion or introversion. The results show that conflicting parenting style is closely associated with self-destructive personality behavior. Keywords: adolescence; suicidal risk; family disorganization; conflict situations; emotional and behavioral disorders; family psychological support.

Pemberdayaan Dukungan Psikologis Keluarga Dengan Kepatuhan Diet Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Di Desa Bontolempangan Kecamatan Bontoa

Seeing the increase in the incidence of diabetes mellitus globally, which is mostly caused by changes in unhealthy lifestyle patterns. One of the strategies to assist the management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is to approach the closest person, namely the family, such as the problem of diet non-compliance caused by lack of family support. Therefore, high motivation is needed for family participation so that the community service team feels it is important to carry out community service through empowering family psychological support with dietary compliance of diabetes mellitus patients. This service is carried out in Bontolempangan Village, Bontoa District, Maros Regency. The method of service is by Lectures / counseling, discussions and questions and answers. As a result of the service, we got enthusiastic people who are active in asking questions so that there is an increase in intellectual function in patients and their families and is committed to providing support to their families who suffer from diabetes mellitus

Resilience of student youth in Russia under uncertainty

Introduction. The article analyses resilience of university students. The high degree of uncertainty of the present and future, associated with the characteristics of the life stage of graduate students, is complicated by the fact that this age period is associated with crises in choosing a profession. It is shown that the relationship between youth resilience and the development of their life trajectory has been little studied. The relevance of such studies is high and has theoretical and practical significance. Research hypothesis: the level of students’ resilience is associated with an optimistic/pessimistic vision of their professional future in Russia, self-identification, reflecting belonging to a country, region, city, migration/emigration intentions.Aim. The study aims to analyse the relationship of youth resilience with their attitude to the prospects of their future profession, migration/emigration intentions, and social identity.Methodology, methods and techniques. The methodological framework of research is based on the systematic approach that offers system-wide ideas about the structural and functional structure of the space of research objects; the theory of ecological systems by U. Bronfenbrenner, which allows to identify significant relationships between the indicators of youth resilience in interaction with the outside world. Students’ resilience was assessed by the 28-item Child and Youth Resilience Measure (Child and Youth Resilience Measure-28), which allows scoring three indicators of resilience: “Individual resources”; “Family support”; “Context”. The calculation of the integral resilience score is provided. The authors developed the questionnaire to study the social identity of young people, their attitude to the prospects of their future profession and migration/emigration intentions. The study involved university senior students, MA level students (N = 993, average age M = 21.49, SD = 2.274).Results. 1. In resilience of students, individual resources are leading; family resources and score of general resilience are moderate; students give a low rating to contextual resources. 2. Students with high resilience are more optimistic about the opportunities for professional growth and a decent life in Russia, in contrast to students with low resilience. 3. Social identity differs between high and low resilience groups. Higher indicators of self-identification as Russians are demonstrated by students with high resilience, they also have less pronounced cosmopolitanism and emigration plans. 4. A low assessment of the physical and psychological support of family, friends, and dissatisfaction with home/family/friends is noted among respondents with low resilience, which also demonstrates a pessimistic vision of the future in Russia, higher emigration intentions, and lower indicators of self-identification as a Russian citizen. 5. Data from the study of the general sample show regional differences in the migration/ emigration plans of young people.Scientific novelty. The empirical possibilities of the systems approach and the theory of ecological systems by U. Bronfenbrenner to the study of student youth resilience have been tested. The relationships between young people resilience and their attitude to the prospects of the profession, migration/emigration intentions, and social identity are revealed. The targets of influence on increasing students’ resilience during their studies at the university are determined. Practical significance. The results of the present study can be used for individual support of students and in the preparation of university curricula.

Adolescent self-harm: Parents' experiences of supporting their child and help-seeking.

Self-harm in children and adolescents is a growing public health issue. Parents are forefront in identifying, responding to and supporting their child to seek help. A sequential mixed-method study which included an online survey (N = 37) and a semi-structured interview (n = 10) was conducted to understand parents' experiences of supporting and accessing help for their child. Parents (M = 45.70years, SD = 6.18) with a child who has engaged in self-harm behaviours (M = 16.89years, SD = 3.91) participated. Parents sought help from a range of services and perceived psychiatrists, private psychologists and friends as the most helpful and school psychologists, paediatricians, Emergency Department (ED) and the national youth mental health organisation as the least helpful. Two themes were interpreted from the qualitative data: (1) An emotional journey into the dark unknown, and (2) The promise of psychological help. A series of recommendations for other parents in similar situations, as well as health professionals were made. Parents want health professionals to provide appropriate referrals, work collaboratively with families, meaningfully connect with and validate parents, provide practical and psychological support for families and establish parent support groups. There remains a need for widely available evidence-informed resources, information and support for parents.

Parents’ economic migration and the psychological well-being of their Polish children

Aim: The aim of the study was to analyze mental well-being, especially anxiety and a sense of loneliness of Polish children temporarily separated from their parent or parents who are migrating for economic reasons, and children who went abroad with their parents. Methods: Explicit Anxiety Scale was used to measure anxiety “Jaki Jesteś?” (“What are you like?” by Skrzypek and Choynowski) (textbook by Zwierzyńska, Matuszewski, 2007) and the Polish versions of the UCLA Loneliness Scale were used to measure loneliness (by Russell, Peplau, & Cutrona, adapted by Rembowski, 1992). Test results were supplemented with an interview with children. 320 children from different types of migrant families participated in the study. Results: the highest level of anxiety is felt by children temporarily separated from their mother, and children who, together with their parents, went abroad and find it difficult to adapt to the new environment. The duration of emigration was an important factor. Most children in the sample ‒ regardless of the type of migratory family ‒ feel lonely, do not feel strong ties with close relatives, do not feel understood by them, do not feel associated with a peer group. Conclusion: The results of the research indicate the necessity to take actions in the area of institutional and legal as well as psychological support for families and children both in the situation of going abroad and returning from migration. The most important directions of activities concerning the creation of environmental forms of separation compensation and the environmental assistance system for the migration family are indicated at the stage of prevention related to people planning trips.

État de stress post-traumatique latent en psychiatrie au CHU Mohammed VI Oujda

IntroductionPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe psychiatric disorder following exposure to a traumatic event. It is rarely diagnosed alone. High comorbidity has been observed between PTSD and other psychiatric disorders. ObjectivesThe purpose of this work is to evaluate the prevalence of latent PTSD in a population followed in a service of psychiatry and to describe the associated factors. Materials and methodsIt is a descriptive cross-sectional study of 300 patients treated for psychiatric disorders, using a hetero-questionnaire containing sociodemographic data, personal and family history, clinical and therapeutic data, and characteristics of the traumatic event. The MINI was used to screen for PTSD and assess suicidal risk. ResultsExposure to a traumatic event is reported by 46.7% of patients, and PTSD by 19.7%. The suicidal risk is 47.7% in the presence of this comorbidity. An ESPT is significantly associated with a schizoaffective disorder and significant suicidal risk. The recentness of the traumatic event, the presence of a state of acute stress and the absence of family psychological support are significantly associated with the occurrence of PTSD. ConclusionA significant number of patients with a psychiatric disorder have undiagnosed PTSD, thus explaining their clinical deterioration. Screening and treatment of the underlying PTSD would help to improve their management.

An evidence-based model of adaptive blended learning for health education serving families with a parent or child who has a medical problem

We describe a blended learning model that has been built into an educational platform to provide evidence-based health education and psychological support for families in which one or more members have a medical problem. The platform design evolved from studies of the leading causes of death in the USA, including chronic and acute medical issues as well as injuries typified by pathophysiological and psychological facets difficult for most adults and children to understand. We studied blended learning platforms suitable for providing all members of a family with evidence-based health education. During this process we found that few current web-based models for patient and family education are grounded in both theories of cognition and learning and also theories of health behavioural change. In this paper, we describe our current evidence-based health education platform for families - SIGNAL-PATCH. This platform allows selection of preferred grounded theories but also assesses both parents' and children's prior knowledge and accuracy of such knowledge. The platform we developed also assesses parents' and children's readiness to engage in learning, readiness to shift behaviours in ways that will improve health, and monitors for possible psychological trauma in each family member.

Diagnostic Complex Of Psychological Support Of Families With Problem Children

The article presents a diagnostic complex of psychological support for families with problem children, the main purpose of which is to study and understand the essence of the family problem, its carriers and the potential for solving the dysfunctions. The diagnostic stage captures the signals of the problem situation with the subsequent construction of the appropriate logic for the further diagnostic study. Trusting contact is established with all participants in the problem situation, assistance is provided in verbalizing the problem, joint assessment of the possibility of its resolution. The final part of this stage is a clear definition of the problem. Comprehensive psychodiagnostics consists of the initial diagnosis to study the strengths and weaknesses of family members, identify and solve problems that arise during family interaction, conducting the diagnostic minimums in order to analyze the dynamics of functioning and overcome possible difficulties. Further work provides in-depth psychological diagnosis of members of the nuclear family system.

Content Resources for Psychological Support of Families with Problem Children

The article presents a model of psychological support for families with problem children, describes a system of events that has a clearly structured and organized nature and is built on psychological principles. The latter is provided with the help of special forms and methods of the program of psychological support, which include: 1) at the level of the psychodiagnostic stage, standardized and projective techniques; 2) at the level of the psychoeducational stage - psycho-preventive techniques and educational activities in accordance with empirical data regarding gaps in psychological knowledge and the needs of the subjects themselves; 3) at the level of the psycho-counseling stage - conversation and interpretation as specific forms of providing psychological assistance focused on personality and interaction among family members, their assimilation of effective ways to independently solve problems; 4) at the level of the psychotherapeutic stage - interpretation and discussion of the results obtained in the process of empirical research, conducting psychotechniques "Family Chest", "Writing a Fairy Tale", "Family Diagram" with subsequent feedback.

Чинники психосоціального ресурсу і їхнє значення у функціонуванні сім’ї, де проживає хворий з ендогенним психічним розладом

Обстежено 168 референтних родичів хворих на параноїдну шизофренію та 75 референтних родичів пацієнтів з афективними розладами (біполярним афективним та рекурентним депресивним розладами), у яких визначали рівні сімейного навантаження та сімейної тривоги в контексті психосоціального функціонування обстежених. Групу контролю становили 55 психічно здорових осіб. Ступінь навантаження на сім’ю встановлювали за допомогою шкали оцінювання навантаження на сім’ю за G. Szmukler et al. (1994), рівень сімейної тривоги – за опитувальником «Аналіз сімейної тривоги» Е.Г. Ейдеміллера та В. Юстіцкіса. Виявлено, що високі рівні сімейної тривоги в референтних родичів пацієнтів з параноїдною шизофренією та афективними розладами зберігаються за тривалості хвороби до 4 років і від 5 до 8 років, після чого показники знижуються до значень, які незначно відрізняються від даних контрольної групи. Це, імовірно, указує на поступове дистанціювання від актуальної сімейної ситуації з переключенням на інші сфери життя. Зі збільшенням тривалості захворювання рівень сімейного навантаження зростає за субшкалою негативних оцінок з одночасним зниженням за субшкалою позитивних оцінок, що відображає зосередженість членів сім’ї на негативних аспектах захворювання. Урахування даних закономірностей є необхідним при розробці відповідної комплексної системи медико-психологічного супроводу сімей, де проживають пацієнти з ендогенними психічними розладами.

Morbidities After Cardiac Surgery: Impact on Children’s Quality of Life and Parents’ Mental Health

BackgroundMost children now survive cardiac surgery, and the focus of quality improvement initiatives has shifted toward more complex outcome measures. The aim of this investigation was to study the impact of early postoperative morbidities on parent-reported patient quality of life and parental anxiety or depression over 6 months.MethodsThis prospective case-matched cohort study was conducted in 5 UK children’s cardiac centers. Measures of impact for patient categories of “single morbidity,” “multiple morbidities,” and “extracorporeal life support (ECLS)” were compared with “no morbidity.” The measures used were the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) and the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) at 6 weeks and 6 months postoperatively. The study modeled the outcomes using mixed effects regression, adjusting for case mix and clustering within centers.ResultsThe study included 666 patients who underwent operation at a median age of 81 days (interquartile range, 10 to 325 days). At 6-week follow-up, significant adjusted differences to the reference group with no morbidity were found for total PedsQL scores, which were lower in patients with ECLS (P = .01), multiple morbidities (P < .001), and a single morbidity (P = .04), as well as the proportion of parents with anxiety and depression, which were higher in the group with multiple morbidities (P = .04 and P = .01, respectively). At 6 months, measures had improved in all morbidity groups. The only significant adjusted difference in the reference group was for physical PedsQL scores in ECLS (P = .04) and multiple morbidities (P < .01).ConclusionsPatient and parent well-being are strongly influenced by postoperative morbidities early after surgery, with improvement by 6 months. Family psychological support and holistic rehabilitation are vital for children who experience postoperative morbidities.

‘How to cope with stress?’ Determinants of coping strategies used by parents raising children with intellectual disabilities, other developmental disorders and typically developing children. A cross-sectional study from Poland

ABSTRACT Introduction: Constructive coping strategies play an important role during childcare processes. We examined the determinants of coping strategies used by parents raising children with intellectual disabilities or other developmental disorders and by parents with typically developing children. Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out in Cracow. The participants in the survey were 507 caregivers. The research used the Mini-COPE Inventory for Measurement–Coping with Stress and the General Self-Efficacy Scale. Results: Parents of disabled children and parents of children without disabilities used the strategy of active coping most often and the strategy of substance use the least. Sociodemographic variables such as age, place of residence, education, and sociodemographic situation determined the type of strategy for dealing with stress. The statistical analysis showed the relationship between parents’ self-efficacy and type of coping strategy. Conclusion: There is a need to develop individualized family psychological support programs to stimulate caregivers’ constructive coping strategies.

Challenges of Nurses in the Caring Process of Patients with COVID-19 in Iran: A Qualitative Study

Background: The illness caused by the novel coronavirus is an emerging disease. For this reason, the international community is encountering an unknown nature of most of its dimensions, such as clinical features, treatments, and long-term complications. Experience suggests that humans are affected by the psychological and social effects of epidemics and pandemics of infectious diseases. Caring for patients with this disease is a new experience that needs to be explored. The present study was carried out using a qualitative method to detect the challenges to which nurses are faced in the process of caring for patients with COVID-19 in Iran. Methods: This is a qualitative study using in-depth semi-structured interviews with 19 key informants selected via targeted sampling. Data were analyzed by thematic analysis to extract the challenges to which the nurses are encountered in the caring process of patients with COVID-19 in Iran. Results: Challenges of the nurses in the caring process of patients with COVID-19 were listed in five categories of stress and psychological issues, equipment-related challenges, increased events of errors, medication and treatment problems, and hospital management. In the meantime, 35 subcategories were also identified. Conclusion: Because nurses are at the forefront of fighting with COVID-19, there must be plans to increase their preparedness. Deficiencies in health systems, including equipment, medicine, and personal protective gear should also be addressed so that nurses can better respond to these incidents. Psychological and mental support is a key component of the nurses’ appropriate response; thus, along with nurses' responses, individual, group, and family psychological support should be provided to increase performance and effectiveness in response to COVID-19.Funding Statement: This project has partly been supported by a grant from AJA University ofMedical Sciences.Declaration of Interests: The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.Ethics Approval Statement: The present study was approved by the Ethics Committee in biomedical research with code IR.AJAUMS.REC.1399.056.

Training in Cybersecurity in Interaction with Parents in Kindergarten

In modern conditions of overall informatization, the majorities of children of older pre-school age actively use gadgets and have access to the Internet. However, just one-fourth of parents demonstrate concerns about digital security. That is why the issues associated with cybersecurity training in preschool education, legislative regulation in ensuring the security and development of children in a digital environment are relevant for present-day pre-school education. The study was based on the activities carried out by teachers and psychologists of the methodology association of the Leninsky district of Yekaterinburg. The methods used in the study involved observations, the analysis of information obtained through counseling and psychological checks, interviews, surveys of instructors and specialists dealing with parents in kindergarten. As a result, we revealed the problems with digital competence among all the participants of the process of upbringing and education and defined the impact of parents on the formation of digital literacy. Of special interest is a new position when the modern parent is given a “relief” from a child with the help of gadgets, which calls for family psychological support on pre-schoolers’ secure use of digital technologies. The main task of working with parents is to shape perceptions of the problems associated with free contacts of the child with information technologies and the necessity to control digital information received by the child.

Spiritual Challenges Experienced by Nurses in Neonatal End of Life: A Qualitative Study

Background The literature reviews show that taking care of dying newborns for a nurse is associated with stress and anxiety, and nurses will be faced with many challenges, the present study aimed to explain the spiritual challenges experienced by nurses in neonatal end of life in the NICU. Materials and Methods The present study was conducted with a qualitative method ­and purposive sampling. The study environment was­ NICU in the hospitals of Zahedan, Iran. Semi-structured interviews­ used for interview and data collection. A number of 24 participants with inclusion criteria were interviewed. Qualitative content analysis method was used with the conventional approach and inductive method with Graneheim and Lundman approach. Results Data analysis explored were categorized in three main themes: spiritual challenge of neonatal care with two-categories (palliative care, and care with love and affection); psychological / spiritual support challenges of family with two categories (spiritual support of family, psychological support of family), and nurses' spiritual distress with one category (nurse's trauma in neonatal care). Conclusion In this study three themes were obtained: 1- Spiritual challenge of neonatal care with two-categories (palliative care, and care with love and affection); 2- Psychological / spiritual support challenges of family with two categories (spiritual support of family, psychological support of family), and 3- The nurses' spiritual distress with one category (nurse's trauma in neonatal care).

Symptom management and psychological support for families are the cornerstones of end‐of‐life care for children with spinal muscular atrophy type 1

This study described end-of-life care for children affected by spinal muscular atrophy type 1 (SMA1), which is characterised by progressive muscle weakness and develops in the first six months of life. We retrospectively analysed 17 children (13 boys) who attended the University of Padua's paediatric palliative care centre in Italy from March 2000 to March 2015. All the children received supportive care without proactive respiratory intervention to prolong survival. The median age at admission was 3.57 months, and the median age at death was 6.80 months. The most frequent symptoms were dyspnoea and pain. In the last 72 hours of life, 15/17 children required more intense doses of morphine and, or, benzodiazepines for intractable dyspnoea and pain, but deep palliative sedation was not needed. Airway suction to manage secretions and nasogastric tubes was required in all cases. The place of death was previously planned by the parents in all cases - home, hospital or hospice - and 15/17 deaths occurred in that place. We also interviewed 16 of the 17 parents after their child died. Our study found that symptom management and psychological support for families were the cornerstones of end-of-life care for children with SMA1.

Palliative care in the intensive cardiac care unit: a new competence for the cardiac intensivist

Admissions to the intensive care unit at the end of life of patients with chronic non-malignant diseases are increasing. This involves the need for the development of palliative care culture and competence, also in the field of intensive cardiology. Palliative care should be implemented in the treatment of all patients with critical stages of disease, irrespective of prognosis, in order to improve the quality of care at the end of life.This review analyzes in detail the main clinical, ethical and communicational issues to move toward the introduction of basics of palliative care in cardiac intensive care units. It outlines the importance of shared decision-making with the patient and his family, with special attention to withholding/withdrawing of life-sustaining treatments, palliative sedation, main symptom control, patient and family psychological support.

THE FAMILY STRESS AND POSSIBILITIES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIAL FAMILY ADAPTATION IN CHILDREN ONCOLOGY

The oncologic disease of child is accompanied by serious psychological and social problems, family stress. The organization of medical social and psychological support of family is needed t the stage of treatment with the purpose of mobilization of family proper resources and involvement of new resources for getting out of crisis. The results of cohort study demonstrated that family of ill child quite often find oneself in the situation of social isolation without necessary support on part of nearest milieu and state. The study demonstrated possibility of overcoming family stress and family adaptation through alteration of family values and increasing of reproductive attitudes in these families. The necessity is substantiated concerning organization of psychological social service in rehabilitation center for children with oncologic diseases.

Psychological Support for Families During Crises (as exemplified by families members of Ukrainian war veterans)

Abstract The goal of the article is to describe the theoretical and empirical research of characteristics of families under non-normative crises, having as an example the families of combatants participated in the anti-terrorist operation in Ukraine. The following family crises are discussed: normative crises, as period of transition from one stage of the family life cycle to another and non-normative crises caused by traumatic life events. Research methodology. In order to differentiate more clearly the families of war veterans (those who returned from the anti-terrorist operation zone were examined) and their reactions to the crisis, a sample consisted of chosen nuclear families and the attention was focused on the marital subsystem as a family basis. At the end, survey and psychological testing of war veterans’ wives were conducted; the following diagnostic techniques were used: the author’s questionnaire, FACES-3 method (D.Olson), the questionnaire of family anxiety (E.Eydemiller); the methods of mathematical statistics were used to estimate the data. Research results. The data of the empirical study of the 36 families of war veterans who participated in the military operations in the ATO zone (Ukraine) show that such non-normative family crisis is characterized by family system imbalance and its correction requires adaptation of the family as a whole system to the new reality. Most war veterans’ families undergo series of transformations associated with changes in family structure, communication, significant emotional stress. Discussion. Psychological assistance to war veterans’ families should include psychological learning, prevention and resolving of marital relationship problems, including construction of a new family image, joint life prospects, discussion and transformation of family rules and regulations, development of family cohesion and communication.