Psychological Impact Of COVID-19 Outbreak Research Articles

Psychological impact of COVID19 outbreak and coping strategies among Tunisian medical students

IntroductionThe COVID19 pandemic came with unprecedented measures that impacted every aspect of the student’s life making them vulnerable to psychological distress.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess anxiety and depressive symptoms in relation to the coping strategies during the COVID19 pandemic among medical students.MethodsWe conducted a web-based cross-sectional study among Tunisian medical students. We used an anonymous survey comprising sociodemographic characteristics, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale and the brief COPE.ResultsA total of 216 students participated in the study; 78% were female and most respondents were enrolled in first and second year of medical studies (53%). The frequency of depressive and anxiety symptoms were respectively 28% and 40%; females experienced significantly higher depression and anxiety scores (p<10¯³ and p=0.02 respectively). Most used coping strategies were self-blame, planning, acceptance, distraction, positive reframing, active coping and religion (99%-96%). The least used coping strategies were substance use (13%) and denial (52%). We found that gender was associated with a significant difference in the coping styles where females scored higher on religious coping and denial whereas males used more humor coping. Depression and anxiety were significantly associated with denial coping. Humor, acceptance, positive reframing and active coping were significantly associated with lower depression rates. Humor coping and active coping were associated with lower anxiety rates.ConclusionsOur study shows alarming rates of depression and anxiety among Tunisian medical students during the COVID19 pandemic. A targeted intervention to promote mental health using the coping styles might be useful in this population.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Cross sectional survey study regarding psychological impact of COVID-19 outbreak on front line nurses working in various hospitals of Madhya Pradesh India

Introduction: This study was conducted with intention portray the prevalence and the risk factors of psychological distress among nurse working in the front line during the outbreak of COVID- 19. Method: This is cross-sectional research design involving 400 front line nurses working in govt hospitals and COVID-19 centers of M.P.A structured self-administered questionnaire consisted of 4 parts was employed to conduct the online survey. Section – A: It contains demographic variables. Section - B Questionnaire to assess occupation and work history, work related information. Section – C Self structured general health questionnaire will be used for assessing the psychological distress. It contains 12 items. Section -D self-structured scale will be used for assessing coping style. The scale consists of 20 items, coping cognitive and behavioral patterns. The scale is further classified in two domains: positive coping patterns (item 1 to item 12) and negative coping patterns (item 13 to item 20). Results: among the participants, 80.25% were females and 19.75% were male. Majority of the response was reported from age group of less than 30 years 46% followed by 31-40 years 45.25%, 41-50 years 7%, 51-60years 1%respectively.

COVID-19 pandemic impact on mental health and quality of life among general population in Pakistan

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychosocial impact during the current epidemic situation of COVID-19 in Pakistan.Design/methodology/approachA total of 1,149 respondents were recruited in the study. Mental health status and psychological impact of COVID-19 outbreak were measured by impact of events scale–revised (IES-R) instrument and depression, anxiety and stress scales (DASS-21), respectively.FindingsResults of IES-R revealed moderate or severe psychological impact in 13.05% respondents (score > 33). DAAS score revealed that severe and extremely severe depression (score: 21–42), anxiety (score: 15–42) and stress (score: 27–42) were reported in 6.35%, 6.87% and 2.78% respondents, respectively. Higher levels of stress, anxiety and depression were recorded in female gender, student, medical professionals, farmer and daily wages employed, exhibiting significant (p < 0.05) association with psychological impact of the COVID-19 outbreak. Majority of respondents received increased support, shared feeling and family care.Originality/valueMild to moderate psychological impact on mental health status was recorded in this study, which enables further planning and opportunities for health authorities to design psychological interventions for the improvement of negative psychological impact of COVID-19 epidemic in vulnerable groups.

India’s path towards better mental health in a pandemic

COVID-19 has wide-ranging effects on population health including mental health, particularly in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs). Outbreak and interventions such as quarantine and isolation against it have contributed to psychosocial adversities. We aimed to review the state of India’s mental healthcare planning, identify the gaps in the health systems and policies, and present cost-effective and scalable solutions. Necessary background information was triangulated through an iterative literature review of the policy, preprint, and peer-reviewed research literature. We focused on the following themes-a) health system capacity, policy, and law for India, b) psychological impact of COVID-19 outbreak in India, c) psychological impact of interventions against COVID-19, and d) best practices across countries for mental health management during the pandemic. We used qualitative synthesis to identify health systems and policy gaps to generate short- and long-term solutions supported by high-grade evidence for effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and adaptation feasibility in India. The Indian health system has several shortcomings in its mental health care that became pronounced during the current COVID-19 pandemic. To overcome these, long-term goals should include increased public financing, increased human resources production, integration of health emergency and mental health policies and legislation. Immediate needs could be met by scale-up of task-shifting initiatives and telepsychiatry services in rural regions. In the ongoing pandemic, employing school-based psychosocial interventions, public awareness campaigning, subverting misinformation through broadcast legislations, and stigma reduction for general mental illnesses are pertinent. These solutions can help bridge the gaps in mental health care in India.

Psychological effects of COVID-19 outbreak in hospital workers during the Italian third phase

Objectives: The aim of the study was to explore the psychological impact of COVID-19 outbreak, during the so-called phase three of the infection in Italy, in healthcare workers and other professionals working in the Public Hospital “SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo” in the Piedmont Region.Methods: A monocentric prospective observational study was conducted on 113 hospital workers by completing an online survey. Data were collected from 29th June to 20th July 2020. The survey assessed self-reported socio-demographic, clinical, work and COVID-19 related information and risk perception. Moreover, it included an online version of validated questionnaires in the Italian language: Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Coping Orientation to the Problems Experienced: COPE-NVI-25, and the Professional Quality of Life scale (ProQOl-5).Results: The exploratory analysis revealed that hospital workers showed a high percentage of post-traumatic stress symptoms in the months following the beginning of the pandemic. In general, having higher levels of education seems to be associated with less anxiety, stress, depression insomnia e post-traumatic stress symptoms. Those symptoms were reported among those who had higher risk perception, previous psychological problems, or suffered from a chronic disease. Workers with more than 10 years experience and low risk perception reported less insomnia symptoms.Conclusions: The assessment of psychological effects of COVID-19 outbreak might help to create good practices that could be used and improved to implement focused interventions on workers’ well-being, especially during COVID-19 and post COVID-19 periods.

Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on Families of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Typically Developing Peers: An Online Survey.

Background: When COVID-19 was declared as a pandemic, many countries imposed severe lockdowns that changed families’ routines and negatively impacted on parents’ and children’s mental health. Several studies on families with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) revealed that lockdown increased the difficulties faced by individuals with ASD, as well as parental distress. No studies have analyzed the interplay between parental distress, children’s emotional responses, and adaptive behaviors in children with ASD considering the period of the mandatory lockdown. Furthermore, we compared families with children on the spectrum and families with typically developing (TD) children in terms of their distress, children’s emotional responses, and behavioral adaptation. Methods: In this study, 120 parents of children aged 5–10 years (53 with ASD) participated. Results: In the four tested models, children’s positive and negative emotional responses mediated the impact of parental distress on children’s playing activities. In the ASD group, parents reported that their children expressed more positive emotions, but fewer playing activities, than TD children. Families with children on the spectrum reported greater behavioral problems during the lockdown and more parental distress. Conclusions: Our findings inform the interventions designed for parents to reduce distress and to develop coping strategies to better manage the caregiver–child relationship.

The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on Nurses Working in Iran

The psychosocial consequences of the coronavirus pandemic is serious for health professionals including nurses because of a higher level of exposure. Nurses often face huge psychological pressure as a result of workload, long hours, and working in a high-risk environment. This study aimed to assess the associated factors of anxiety, depression, and stress among nurses working in Iran. The research method is library type which was done during 2 months by using valid scientific sources and books. More than two-thirds, more than half, and nearly one-fifth of the nurses had anxiety, depression, and stress, respectively. Unavailability of a guideline, fear of infecting family, and having chronic diseases increase the risk of developing anxiety. Nurses who did not have a guideline, received negative feedback from families, had a history of mental disorders, and chronic diseases have a higher odds of depression. Working in the night shift, lack of training, fear of infecting family, negative feedback from families, presence of confirmed/suspected cases in the family, and having chronic diseases increases the risk of developing stress.

Psychological impact of COVID-19 outbreak on health workers in a university hospital in Turkey

ABSTRACT We investigated the psychological impact of the COVID-19 outbreak in terms of stress, anxiety, depression, sleep quality and affecting factors on healthcare workers (HWs) without secondary trauma thus far in the period between the first cases in Turkey and the arrival of the first case in ahospital. This descriptive cross-sectional study included 169 HWs. We used Impact of Event Scale (IES-R), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for assessment. The mean age of HWs was 33.9±6.9 years and 56.2% were males. Of the HWs; 20.7% were nurses, 33.7% doctors and 45.6% staff members. IES-R classified the HWs as follows: 15.4% of them were affected mildly, 4.7% moderately and 9.5% of them were affected severely. 42.6% of HWs had apoor sleep quality. This study shows that how HWs were affected when the outbreak had not yet reached the hospital in which they work. In total, 29.6% of the HWs were psychologically affected by mild to severe levels from the outbreak in this period. The most prevalent psychological impact was poor sleep quality. Psychological impact on HWs may have begun before the outbreak reached the hospitals; therefore, necessary measures should be taken as early as possible.

Assessing the psychological impact of COVID-19 outbreak and its related factors on Lebanese individuals with physical disabilities

BackgroundIn February 2020, the Lebanese authorities announced the first Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) case. Since then, the cases increased significantly, but information on the public’s psychological status and specifically individuals with physical disabilities is still limited. PurposeThe study aims to assess the psychological impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on Lebanese individuals with physical disabilities and study the associated factors. Materials and methodsThis is a cross-sectional study involving 118 individuals with physical disabilities. Each filled out an online survey with three sections: a personal questionnaire, the Arabic versions of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 and the Fear of COVID-19 scale. Data regarding participants’ baseline characteristics, fear, anxiety, and depression were collected and analyzed using the Chi-square test and regressions models. ResultsIndividuals with physical disabilities exhibited mild fear of COVID-19, with fear being correlated with age, educational level, and employment status. Furthermore, 22.9% of the population was found to be anxious, and 31.5% were depressed. Anxiety was associated with both marital status and employment status. Finally, depression was proved to be influenced by marital status, employment, and educational level. ConclusionResults extracted showed that individuals with physical disabilities require substantial attention in order to manage their psychological state during pandemics.

Psychological impact of COVID-19 outbreak among Jimma University Medical Centere visitors in Southwestern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundCOVID-19 has posed several medical, psychosocial and economic impacts among the majority of the society. The ambiguity of its transmission, the intense desire of self-protection, family, and friends, the unknown...

The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on Nurses Working in the Northwest of Amhara Regional State Referral Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia.

IntroductionThe psychosocial consequences of the coronavirus pandemic are serious for health professionals including nurses because of a higher level of exposure. Nurses often face huge psychological pressure as a result of workload, long hours, and working in a high-risk environment. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of anxiety, depression, and stress among nurses working in northwest Amhara referral hospitals.MethodsInstitution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 25th September to 20th October 2020. A total of 302 nurses were selected using a simple random sampling technique. A structured pretested self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. The data were entered into EpiData version 3 and analyzed using SPSS version 21. A binary logistic regression model was used to compute bivariable and multivariable analyses.ResultsThe prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress among nurses was 69.6%, 55.3%, and 20.5%, respectively. Unavailability of a guideline, fear of infecting family, and having chronic diseases increase the risk of developing anxiety. Nurses who did not have a guideline, received negative feedback from families, had a history of mental disorders, and chronic diseases have a higher odds of depression. Working in the night shift, lack of training, fear of infecting family, negative feedback from families, presence of confirmed/suspected cases in the family, and having chronic diseases increase the risk of developing stress.ConclusionMore than two-thirds, more than half, and nearly one-fifth of the nurses had anxiety, depression, and stress, respectively. It is better to create awareness for the community, avail a guideline, train nurses, and give special attention to nurses with chronic disease and a history of mental disorders to minimize the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nurses and protect their mental health. The government shall develop and implement national programs for occupational health and safety, prevent violence in the workplace, improve psychological well-being, and protect from physical and biological hazards to take care of the mental health of healthcare professionals during this pandemic.

Psychological impact of COVID-19 outbreak on nurses: A systematic review

The sudden exposure of COVID-19 has affected more than one hundred million people live and heath across the world. COVID-19 pandemic not only affected the lives of people, and it also affected the functions of Health care systems and also produced an overburden to the Health care systems. During the COVID-19 period, health care workers are affected by psychological problems, especially nurses working in the hospital and protecting the lives of everyone affected with COVID -19 infections. It is important to identify the issues that producing psychological problems among nurses, and it is necessary to support the nurses during their struggle. The researcher considering these issues, did a rapid systematic review to identify the percentage of nurses affected with psychological impact and causes for psychological impacts among nurses during COVID19 outbreaks. The researcher searched Google scholar and Science direct for selecting relevant research articles. The searched the studies based on the title, Study design, population, psychological problems of the nurses like anxiety, depression, fear, stress, sleeping problems, key words of nursing, psychological problems, and COVID-19. A PRISM protocol was used for selecting relevant research articles. According to the systematic review, the result shows that 26.4% of the nurses had depression, 40.8% had anxiety, and 42.7% had somatic symptoms, 50.5% had stress, and 91.2% had fear. The nurses are at risk of psychological problems and physical problems as being due to Covid-19. Effective intervention should be planned on nurses' issues, and it helps to strengthen the mental health of nurses.

The psychological impact of COVID-19 outbreak on medical staff and the general public.

To assess the psychological effects of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on medical staff and the general public. During the outbreak of COVID-19, an internet-based questionnaire included The Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), and Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) was used to assess the impact of the pandemic situation on the mental health of medical staff and general population in Wuhan and its surrounding areas. Among the 1493 questionnaires completed, 827 (55.39%) of these were men, and 422 (28.27%) of these were medical personnel. The results suggest that the outbreak of COVID-19 has affected individuals significantly, the degree of which is related to age, sex, occupation and mental illness. There was a significant difference in PSS-10 and IES-R scores between the medical staff and the general population. The medical staff showed higher PSS-10 scores (16.813 ± 4.87) and IES-R scores (22.40 ± 12.12) compared to members of the general population PSS-10 (14.80 ± 5.60) and IES-R scores (17.89 ± 13.08). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the SDS scores of medical staff (44.52 ± 12.36) and the general public (43.08 ± 11.42). In terms of the need for psychological assistance, 50.97% of interviewees responded that they needed psychological counseling, of which medical staff accounted for 65.87% and non-medical staff accounted for 45.10%. During the ongoing COVID-19 outbreak, great attention should be paid to the mental health of the population, especially medical staff, and measures such as psychological intervention should be actively carried out for reducing the psychosocial effects.

Psychological State and Associated Factors During the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic Among Filipinos with Rheumatoid Arthritis or Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

BackgroundPatients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are perceived to be more vulnerable to worse COVID-19 infection outcome. Furthermore, severe shortage in hydroxychloroquine supply was experienced.ObjectiveWe presented the psychological responses of Filipino SLE and RA patients to the COVID-19 pandemic and shortage of hydroxychloroquine supply.MethodsA total of 512 completed online surveys from SLE and RA patients were gathered from May 19 to 26, 2020. The online survey collected data on socio-demographics, health status, contact history, health service utilization, use of hydroxychloroquine, COVID-19 knowledge and concerns, precautionary measures, information needs, the validated Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21) ratings.ResultsThe psychological impact of COVID-19 outbreak was at least moderate in 20%. The mean IES-R score was higher among SLE (22.34, SD=14.39) than RA (18.85, SD=13.24) patients. Stress, anxiety and depression were moderate to severe in 12.3%, 38.7%, and 27.7% of respondents. The mean stress subscale score was 10.11 (SD=7.95), mean anxiety subscale score was 6.79 (SD=6.57) and mean depression subscale score was 9.03 (SD=8.77). The risk factors for adverse mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic include the presence of comorbidity of hypertension and asthma; being a healthcare worker; and presence of specific symptoms of myalgia, cough, breathing difficulty, dizziness and sore throat. The protective factors for mental health during the pandemic include satisfaction with available health information and wearing of face masks.ConclusionIn the third month of the pandemic in the Philippines, 20% of the respondents with lupus and RA experienced moderate to severe psychological impact. There was moderate to severe anxiety in 38.7% and moderate to severe depression in 27%. Identification of factors that affect mental health in lupus and RA is useful in implementation of effective psychological support strategies.

Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on postgraduate trainees: a cross-sectional survey

BackgroundThe present study aimed to evaluate psychological impact of COVID-19 outbreak on postgraduate trainees in Pakistan by quantifying the symptoms of depression, anxiety and acute stress disorder and by analysing...