Psychological Capabilities Research Articles

How to make building renovation work for low-income renters: Preferences for distributional principles and procedural options in Austria

Widespread thermal refurbishment of existing buildings is essential for mitigating carbon emissions and energy poverty. Retrofitting for better energy efficiency in low-income rental housing comes up against the tenant-landlord dilemma, however; for renovation to be accepted by residents, rules for cost sharing and fair implementation are required. The present study employs structural equation modelling to analyse distributional and procedural preferences in a survey sample of 942 social welfare recipients in Austria. The distributional principles of polluter-pays and energy bill neutrality are preferred for allocating renovation costs. Equal-pay, ability-to-pay, and paying extra instalments to finance the renovation are only accepted for buildings in high need of renovation. Low-income renters welcome a wide range of procedural options, in particular, providing transparent and comprehensive information on the planned renovation and mitigating inconvenience during the construction phase. Psychological and relational capabilities play into these preferences: households holding pro-environmental attitudes favour polluter-pays to prevent free-riders. A frugal mindset, trust in the landlord and renter concerns make low-income renters endorse ability-to-pay to avoid being displaced to lower-grade dwellings on a discriminating housing market. The results suggest that distributional principles need not stand alone but could be combined. For instance, allocating the majority of renovation costs by polluter-pays, but a smaller share by ability-to-pay, may cushion disproportionate impacts on less affluent residents. Energy counselling could empower low-income renters to manage personal energy and renovation costs, and to build literacy about renovation benefits and legal claims to encourage their landlord to renovate.

Shared decision making in gynaecological oncology; a challenge in an ageing population

Key content Gynae‐oncology patients are increasingly older and living with frailty and multimorbidity, resulting in higher rates of perioperative or treatment‐associated adverse outcomes. Collaborative shared decision making (SDM), where healthcare professionals and patients work in partnership to reach a treatment decision, can be used to engage patients in treatment decisions. Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA), a multidimensional, interdisciplinary process assessing medical, psychological and functional capabilities, can inform individualised management and SDM in older gynae‐oncology patients with complex conditions. Evidence is emerging for the use of CGA to inform individualised management and underpin integrated care pathways and SDM for older people. This methodology is advocated in NHS England’s Cancer Strategy through integrated pathways for older cancer patients with geriatrician involvement. Using clinical case studies, this review contextualises the application of SDM through CGA in older patients with gynaecological malignancy. Learning objectives Know that SDM takes proposed risks and benefits into account, together with projected disease progression with and without treatment and patient preferences. Understand that limitations to SDM in older people include the effects of multimorbidity, cognitive impairment and frailty, limited data on long‐term clinician and patient‐reported outcomes and frequent exclusion of older people from research trials.

BASIC CONCEPTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT - "PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT", "PASTORING", "MENTORING" AMONG THE MILITARY SERVICES

The article is devoted to the issue of psychological support of servicemen in professional activities, in particular the issue of psychological support, pastoral care and mentoring among servicemen. Psychological support among servicemen is aimed at maintaining psychological readiness for professional activity and resistance to the stressors of the work environment, the presence of emotional stability. The implementation of measures of psychological support of servicemen's activities is aimed at expanding psychological capabilities in the performance of official duties, maintaining mental health and creating the conditions for normal socialization and return of servicemen to normal functioning. General areas of psychological support for the adaptation of servicemen are: identification of maladaptive factors that complicate the process of military service; reduction of the level and strength of cognitive, emotional and socio-psychological disorders caused by maladaptive factors; development of the psychological climate in the military; psychological support in improving the psychological characteristics and emotional state of the serviceman; formation of diligence, endurance, punctuality, accuracy in the execution of orders; assessment of the professional potential of a serviceman under contract when appointed to a vacant position during the interview; psychological training for the development of communicative qualities, self-esteem, self-acceptance; development of emotional self-control skills. Professional adaptation is the adaptation of acquired professional experience and style of behavior and activities to the requirements of a particular military position (situation), the ability to quickly get used to unusual environmental factors, the assimilation of new contract functions and responsibilities, inclusion in professional cooperation and partnership, gradual development of competitiveness. Psychological support involves assessing the real competence of the specialist, providing assistance in professional development, overcoming the feeling of professional inferiority that emerges, the formation of adequate professional self-esteem. Areas of psychological support for servicemen are pastoral care and mentoring. The pastoral strategy is to provide psychological support and assistance to those in need, including combatants and other sections of the population. The clergy organize retreats, which teach religious teachings and strengthen parishioners in the faith. Mentoring is aimed at forming in young professionals - servicemen a rational system of knowledge, skills and abilities necessary for further specialized improvement and highly effective application in military activities. Psychological assistance to servicemen includes the use of short-term and systemic psychotherapy, autogenic training, skills of self-control of emotions in stressful situations, training of constructive coping strategies of behavior in crisis situations, search of resources, internal mechanisms of recovery and optimization of crisis states.

Restoring hope and optimism through staycation programs: an application of psychological capital theory

This study marks an early attempt to evaluate staycation incentive programs initiated by local authorities. It aims to gauge the effectiveness of staycation programs in cultivating learning opportunities and restorative benefits with an emphasis on temporal positive psychological outcomes amid this continuing pandemic. Relying on a survey-based research design, we conducted a survey with 409 local tourists in Macau, where a recent staycation initiative has attained prominent success. We then undertook the structural equation modeling test using AMOS. Results show how short local excursions could still fortify one’s psychological capital with respect to ephemeral improvement in hope, confidence, optimism, and resilience in the face of extenuating circumstances. By synthesizing a path leading from COVID-related distress to fortification of a more prepared mental state for the new normal through the staycation’s experiential benefits, this study thus puts forth a mechanism that explains why tourists/residents engage in staycation programs, as well as illuminating the psychological values associated with such activities. By answering these questions, this research improvises a three-stage process that identifies pre-trip, during-trip, and post-trip mental encounters that improve participants’ psychological capabilities, even if only temporarily. The present inquiry sheds light on a new form of sustainability: mental (or psychological) sustainability.

Evaluating communication partner training in healthcare centres: Understanding the mechanisms of behaviour change.

Communication between people with aphasia and their healthcare professionals (HCPs) can be greatly improved when HCPs are trained in using supportive conversation techniques and tools. Communication partner training (CPT) is an umbrella term that covers a range of interventions that train the conversation partners of people with aphasia. Several CPT interventions for HCPs have been developed and used to support HCPs to interact successfully with people with aphasia. The objective of this study was to identify the mechanisms of change as a result of a Dutch CPT intervention, named CommuniCare, in order to evaluate and optimise the intervention. A total of 254 HCPs from five different healthcare centres received CommuniCare. An explorative qualitative research design was chosen. Two interviews were conducted with 24 HCPs directly after and 4 months after receiving the training that was part of CommuniCare. Two conceptual frameworks were used to deductively code the interviews. HCPs' perspectives were coded into a four-part sequence following CIMO logic: the self-reported use of supportive conversation techniques or tools pre-intervention (Context), the intervention elements (Intervention) that evoked certain mechanisms (Mechanisms), resulting in the self-reported use of supportive conversation techniques and tools post-intervention (Outcomes). The Capabilities Opportunities Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model was used to fill in the Mechanisms component. Three themes were identified to describe the mechanisms of change that led to an increase in the use of supportive conversation techniques and tools. According to HCPs, (i) information, videos, e-learning modules, role-play, feedback during training and coaching on the job increased their psychological capabilities; (ii) information and role-play increased their automatic motivations; and (iii) information, videos and role-play increased their reflective motivations. Remaining findings show HCPs' perspectives on various barriers to use supportive conversation techniques and tools. HCPs in this study identified elements in our CPT intervention that positively influenced their behaviour change. Of these, role-play and coaching on the job were particularly important. HCPs suggested this last element should be better implemented. Therefore, healthcare settings wishing to enhance HCPs' communication skills should first consider enhancing HCPs' opportunities for experiential learning. Second, healthcare settings should determine which HCPs are suitable to have a role as implementation support practitioners, to support their colleagues in the use of supportive conversation techniques and tools. What is already known on this subject? Several communication partner training (CPT) interventions for healthcare professionals (HCPs) have been developed and used to support HCPs to interact successfully with people with aphasia. To date, there is limited evidence of the mechanisms of change that explain exactly what changes in HCPs' behaviour after CPT and why these changes take place. What this paper adds to existing knowledge Evaluating our CPT intervention by identifying mechanisms of change from the perspectives of HCPs provided us with: (i) a better understanding of the elements that should be included in CPT interventions in different contexts; and (ii) an understanding of the important remaining barriers identified by HCPs to use supportive conversation techniques, even after CPT is implemented. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? This study shows the different intervention elements in our CPT intervention that improve HCPs' capabilities, motivations or opportunities to use supportive conversation techniques and tools. Essential ingredients of CPT according to HCPs in this study were role-play and coaching on the job by an expert and were linked to an increase in HCPs' motivations or beliefs about self-competency. Healthcare settings wishing to enhance HCPs' communication skills should therefore consider appointing implementation support practitioners to coach and support HCPs, and facilitate these practitioners to fulfil this role.

Premature Aging in Chronic Kidney Disease: The Outcome of Persistent Inflammation beyond the Bounds.

Over the last hundred years, life expectancy in developed countries has increased because of healthier living habits and the treatment of chronic pathologies causing premature aging. Aging is an inexorable, time-dependent, multifactorial process characterized by a series of progressive and irreversible physiological changes associated with loss of functional, psychological, and social capabilities. Numerous factors, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and cellular senescence, and an irreversible geriatric syndrome known as frailty, contribute to human body deterioration in aging. The speed of aging may differ between individuals depending on the presence or absence of multiple factors (genetic and/or environment) and the subsequent misbalance of homeostasis, together with the increase of frailty, which also plays a key role in developing chronic diseases. In addition, pathological circumstances have been reported to precipitate or accelerate the aging process. This review investigated the mechanisms involved in the developing pathologies, particularly chronic kidney disease, associated with aging.

Training future engineers in conditions of educational and information environment of a technical university

The study presents the results of exploring the training of future engineering specialists in the conditions of educational and information environment of a technical university, as well as methodological recommendations formulated on the basis of the results obtained. The research assumes that the educational and information environment of a technical university should be designed as an open dynamic and synergetic system, in which future engineers should be given a possibility to design an individual educational trajectory based on the use of educational and information resources and considering the individual psychological capabilities of students. The functioning of the educational and information environment of a technical university provides for a cyclical type of management of professional training of future specialists and adhering to the principle of feedback in student training. The results of the study, in particular a comparison of the levels of competence formation of future engineers in the control and experimental groups at the beginning and end of the study, confirmed the correctness of the hypothesis put forward.

Configurational Path to Chinese Reading Stickiness of Digital Library

Attracting and retaining readers in an increasingly competitive environment is an urgent problem for digital libraries of original literature. However, few empirical studies address online reading stickiness, particularly the factors affecting the promotion of online reading stickiness, in what combinations or paths these effects exist, and whether there are complementary, alternative, and inhibitory relationships among the factors. To solve the practical problems and fill the theoretical gap, we use a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to study the interaction effects of the flow experience (feeling of immersion and perceived pleasure), technology acceptance model (perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use), and customer participation (information sharing and interpersonal interaction) to identify the critical configurations leading to a high level of stickiness in online reading and to verify the complementarity, substitution, and inhibition relationships among these variables. The findings provide implications for further research on complexity theory in digital libraries of original literature, and for managers to view and redesign online reading stickiness as configurations of IT and psychological capabilities. This study enriches and develops the existing theories and expands the application of the qualitative comparative analysis method in the field of digital libraries.

Improving the navigational preparation of a bridge crew for entering/leaving a port, including activities in case of emergency

Statistical analysis of the causes of ship accidents showed that 10 % of accidents are due to the influence of irresistible force, about 15 % are the result of technical imperfection and sudden failure of ship equipment, and the remaining 75 % account for the «human factor» regardless of the cause of the accident. A detailed analysis of the causes of accidents reveals that they are caused by the actions of individuals, dominated by organizational errors by a group of operators in the preparation and execution of the maneuvering control process. At the same time, there is a gap between the complexity of modern equipment and the psychological capabilities of the human operator as an element of the human-machine system. Analysis of accidents in the Bugsky-Dnestrovsky Liman Canal over the past 20 years has shown that 58.5 % of accidents occurred in the dark and under conditions of limited visibility. There were two causes of accidents: grounding and allision, 84.3 %; collisions, 28.8 %. This indicates the insufficient preparation of bridge crews for navigating the canal. This paper has considered a procedure of bridge crew navigation training for planning safe motion coordinates while entering/leaving a port along the trajectory points, as well as actions in case of a pre-emergency and techniques to predict it. The coordinates of the travel points are determined at the intersection of rectilinear segments of the recommended safe rectilinear path on a chart. It is a relevant task to use new methods of planning the path and controlling the movement along it, taking into consideration the area for maneuvering, maneuverable properties of the vessel, as well as external influences, for timely detecting the deviation of parameters from those planned. The calculation of the planned coordinates is performed for the center of gravity of the vessel for the characteristic points of the path of movement (the beginning and end of a turn, the onset of braking) and trajectory points (rectilinear segments of the path through 0.2 cables, and curvilinear sections through 10 degrees). Coordinates of the assigned path are represented in the form of the linear matrices of the path rectilinear and curvilinear sections. The navigational motion control system consists of the devices to automatically determine deviations from planned coordinates and decision support systems to correct deviations detected. The proposed method to plan and control motion was investigated by computer simulation, the test was carried out under natural settings. Their results showed that the calculated optimal assigned trajectory enables accident-free guidance of the center of gravity along the predefined path by ship’s control means and meets the established criteria of optimality. The proposed method could be used in the development of controls for automated vessels and is the only possible one for vessels with unattended operation

The spread of digital technologies as a factor of influence on the formation and manifestation of attention of 15-year-old football players

Today, the Internet covers almost all spheres of human life and involves in its space almost from an early age. As a result, the excessive duration of being in the Internet space can rightfully be considered one of the key factors that affect the dynamics and nature of the formation of basic mental functions, including attention. This issue is of particular importance in the practice of sports training, where the determining role and importance of psychological and psychophysiological capabilities of athletes in the context of their effectiveness in training and competitive activity remains relevant, despite the fact that it has been the subject of research by scientists for a long time. The purpose of this work was to study the dynamics of changes in individual indicators of attention of 15-year-old sportsmen-football players under the conditions of digitalization. Research results. The attention of an athlete-football player, as a determining factor in the effectiveness of the functioning of various mental processes, occupies a special place in his psychological profile. This is due to the specifics of game activity, which is characterized by high dynamics and unpredictability of game situations, as well as the need for almost simultaneous perception of a significant number of objects (ball, goal, rivals, partners) and a quick switch of attention between them. Within the framework of this work, we carried out a comparative analysis of various indicators of attention of young footballers of 15 years of age. For comparison, we used psychodiagnostic data obtained in different years. The results of the analysis showed the presence of a negative trend in the manifestation of certain indicators of attention, and especially the ability to concentrate when concentrating. Analyzing the data obtained, we can with a high degree of probability assume the presence of a negative influence of the excessive stay of young men in the Internet space, including when using various mobile devices.

Evaluation of peer bullying, internet addiction, and psychological adaptation level of students aged 9-15.

This study was conducted to evaluate peer bullying, internet addiction, and psychological adaptation capabilities of students in the 9-15 age group. The study was performed as cross-sectional-descriptive research with 880 students included in the research sample. One-fourth of the students in the 9-15 age group suffered from psychological adaptation issues, one-fifth suffered from bullying issues, and 16.5% suffered from internet addiction. There is a need for early determination in risky age groups, a collaboration between parents and teachers in schools, and extended social studies on the prevention of peer bullying and internet addiction.

Psychosocial Safety Climate, Psychological Capital, Healthcare SLBs’ Wellbeing and Innovative Behaviour During the COVID 19 Pandemic

The innovative behavior of employees is an essential component of successful organizational change, especially during an emergency. COVID 19 is changing the working lives of those employees delivering emergency services, especially healthcare. This study contributes to the search for antecedents of employees’ innovative behavior because most organizational change fails because of poor “buy-in” from them. This paper uses Conservation of Resources theory to examine the impact of Psychosocial Safety Climate (PSC) on employees’ personal psychological coping resources, wellbeing and innovative behavior during the pandemic. PSC refers to the policies and practices that affect workers’ psychological health and safety and captures the extent to which management prioritizes performance ahead of psychological health and safety. The sample comprised 163 Australian doctors, nurses and allied health professionals. Statistical analysis included ANOVAs and structural equation modeling. The findings show that the employees’ perception of PSC, personal psychological resources and wellbeing explains over half of their innovative behavior and PSC and personal psychological resources explain over two-thirds of their wellbeing. Hence, if the public wants transformation, then strategies must involve building employees’ psychological capabilities by improving the quality of workplace support.

A New Model in Designing the Professional Competence System of the Petrochemical Industry with a Sustainable Development Approach

The purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize professional competency indicators and strategies to improve it in the petrochemical industry. This research is a combination because it uses qualitative and quantitative methods in order to collect and analyze data. To identify indices and indigenous components of professional competence, a qualitative and meta-analysis approach and in a quantitative approach, the fuzzy structural equation modeling method has been used in the petrochemical industry. Based on data, a new model with a sustainable development approach has been reached. Which includes the following components: Creativity and Innovation, General Professional Performance, Analytical Skills, Specific Professional Skills, General Professional Skills, Management Skills, Job Information and Awareness, Psychological Competencies, Perceived Self-Efficacy, Adaptability, Basic Expertise, Job Commitment, Professional attitude, tendency to career development, Intrinsic individual characteristics, Increasing factors, Intrinsic individual characteristics, Responsibility, Professional motivations. The results showed that the dimensions of psychological capabilities and general professional performance were located at the basic and lower levels and were identified as the main and most effective dimensions in the development of the most professional competence of the petrochemical industry. And the two elements of increasing competence and adaptability are the least important among the studied dimensions. The components of job information and awareness, career development desire, and managerial skills were identified as the most active components because these components have the highest interactions with other components.

Cutting edge selection: learning from high reliability organisations for virtual recruitment in surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic.

National selection for higher surgical training (ST3+) recruitment in the UK is competitive. The process must prioritise patient safety while being credible, impartial and fair. During the COVID-19 pandemic, all face-to-face interviews were cancelled. Selection was based on a controversial isolated self-assessment score with no evidence checking taking place. From 2021, selection will take place entirely online. Although this has cost and time advantages, new challenges emerge. We review surgical selection as it transitions to an online format and suggest validated methods that could be adapted from High Reliability Organisations (HRO). Virtual selection methods include video interviewing, online examinations and aptitude testing. These tools have been used in business for many years, but their predictive value in surgery is largely unknown. In healthcare, the established online Multi-Specialty Recruitment Assessment (MSRA) examines generic professional capabilities. Its scope, however, is too limited to be used in isolation. Candidates and interviewers alike may have concerns about the technical aspects of virtual recruitment. The significance of human factors must not be overlooked in the online environment. Surgery can learn from HROs, such as aviation. Pilot and air traffic control selection is integral to ensuring safety. These organisations have already established digital selection methods for psychological aptitude, professional capabilities and manual dexterity. National selection for higher surgical training (ST3+) can learn from HROs, using validated methods to prioritise patient safety while being acceptable to candidates, trainers and health service recruiters.

Cultural Fit of Assessments to Detect Curiosity for Weak Signals Among Employees

To remain competitive, organizations must make sense of antecedent weak signals that might yield information on opportunities or threats. However, perceiving those signals requires psychological capabilities which are not evenly distributed over their workforce. Identifying who might effectively sense weak antecedent signals is the necessary first step in the staff selection and management process. To this effect, Human Resources Management processes at organizations rely on assessments. However, this study suggests that some self-assessments might be too context-sensitive to fit their purpose across cultures. In particular, the CEI-II evaluation applied to a small and convenience sample of Brazilian executives did not satisfy Brazilian respondents’ selection for curiosity. The authors briefly discuss how the Brazilian context may differ, not least because of a considerably lower generalized trust level, and suggest relying alternatively on projective instruments.

Problems of Health Protection of Students with Health Limitations in Educational Institutions of the Russian Federation

Introduction. The current legal framework for the education of children with health limitations was created after the conceptual provisions and international acts to ensure equal children’s opportunities and access to free educational services without any type of discrimination. Regulatory documents contain the general rules for organization of educational activities and medical support in an educational institution, without specific recommendations for health strengthening and preservation of children with health limitations, taking into account the nature and severity of the disorder, as well as the combination thereof, which is a separate urgent state problem. This study was initiated to analyze the current situation with health protection of special needs children in educational institutions. The detection of organizational difficulties and legal restraints will allow to determine the remedial measures and prepare the proposals for the improvement of the educational system. Materials and Methods. The content analysis of the applicable regulatory legal documents of the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation between 2012–2020 revealed urgent problems pertinent to the enforcement of legislative initiatives in the field of education and health protection of students with health limitations in various educational environments. Results. The study confirmed the hypothesis of the variability of the current organizational problems regarding health strengthening and preservation of students in an educational organization, including the weak legal and regulatory framework. The health-preserving environment of an educational organization is proved to have a combination of factors: availability of special educational and technical equipment to meet special educational needs of students, taking into account the severity of the physical dysfunction; the compliance of the tightness of timetable, number of lessons and the educational load with children’s health state and individual psychological capabilities; availability of separate rest and restoration rooms; availability of up-to-date rehabilitation equipment for health strengthening of children with health limitations in the educational institution’s environment; staffing with teachers and medical specialists who are aware of modern technologies of handling children with health limitations. Discussion and Conclusion. The study results can be facilitative of the development of the system of monitoring during the organization of the educational process and the variability of health protection conditions for students with health limitations in an educational organization as the method of prompt detection and elimination of adverse factors and, hence, mitigation of social risks and solving of one of the priority state tasks.

Peculiarities Of Education Technologies

In educational institutions of the world, when training teachers in the educational process, mechanisms have been introduced to ensure the relationship and organic relationship of education and upbringing, to expand the pedagogical and psychological capabilities of spiritual-moral competence. In countries such as the United States, England, Germany, Japan, France, and Russia, special attention is paid to improving the system of spiritual-moral training of future teachers. In higher educational institutions, as part of the improvement of professional pedagogical activity, scientific research is carried out on the formation of spiritual-moral qualities of future teachers, the implementation of the system of their diagnostics, and ensuring organic compliance with spiritual-moral qualities. Scientific research is being carried out to develop effective organizational and pedagogical mechanisms for training teachers based on rich national cultural and historical traditions, customs and universal values, and to ensure the priority of humanization of education.

НАПРЯМИ ФІНАНСОВОГО ВІДТВОРЕННЯ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО КАПІТАЛУ В ГІРНИЧОДОБУВНІЙ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ

Анотація. Формування багатовекторної ринкової економіки в Україні, успішна реалізація всіх реформ у цьому напрямі та підвищення добробуту громадян не можливі без ефективної реалізації фінансових складових комплексного відтворення соціального капіталу, насамперед у гірничодобувній промисловості. Проте нестабільна соціально-економічна і політична ситуація у країні істотно загальмувала реалізацію реформ у вищевказаній галузі, що негативно позначилося на її окремих показниках. Ситуація дестабілізує і гальмує соціально-економічний розвиток усіх суб’єктів гірничодобувної промисловості. Тому актуальним питанням на сучасному етапі розвитку цієї галузі є визначення єдиних дієвих засад щодо комплексного відтворення ресурсного потенціалу всіх її суб’єктів господарювання. Предметом дослідження є сукупність методологічних, методичних і практичних напрямів фінансування комплексного відтворення соціального капіталу в гірничодобувній промисловості. Водночас її мета полягає у формуванні та характеристиці напрямів фінансового відтворення соціального капіталу в гірничодобувній промисловості і розробленні заходів їхньої ефективної реалізації. Окрім цього, результати дослідження відображають соціально-економічну сутність категорії «соціальний капітал у гірничодобувній промисловості». Вона трактується як сукупність психологічних, фізіологічних, моральних, етичних, економічних та інших особистих якостей і можливостей кожного працівника гірничодобувної промисловості, які є їхнім основним ресурсом і перевагою в порівнянні з іншими людьми, у процесі їхньої адаптації та ефективної реалізації в певному соціумі (соціальному середовищу) на макро- і мікрорівні. Також установлено, що сфера застосування напрямів фінансового відтворення соціального капіталу в гірничодобувній промисловості і їх поліпшення охоплює окремі рекреаційні напрями з матеріального, морального (психологічного) і соціально-побутового забезпечення працівників цієї галузі. Наукова новизна отриманих результатів полягає у виявленні, обґрунтуванні та аналізі схеми формування напрямів фінансування відтворення соціального капіталу в гірничодобувній промисловості. Також її невід’ємною частиною є характеристика ставлення різних соціально-вікових, статевих і професійних груп населення до фінансування відтворення соціального капіталу в гірничодобувній промисловості окремих регіонів України. Актуальність цього дослідження підтверджує також трансформація соціально-економічних відносин у всіх сферах громадської діяльності держави в контексті його глобалізації. Отримані результати дослідження дозволяють зробити висновки, що вони є основою для вивчення і практичного розв’язання проблеми комплексного відтворення соціального капіталу в гірничодобувній промисловості. Цей підхід передбачає, передусім, формування високого матеріального, соціально-побутового і морального (психологічного) стимулювання фахівців цієї галузі і підвищення їхньої трудової мотивації та якості результатів праці, а також фінансово-господарської діяльності гірничодобувних підприємств. Ключові слова: соціальний капітал, гірничодобувна промисловість, працівник, фінансова складова, матеріальне стимулювання, моральне стимулювання. Формул: 0; рис.: 2; табл.: 4; бібл.: 10.

‘Just out of reach’: examining the link between subjective wealth, aspirations gaps and empowerment in Central African Republic

ABSTRACT “What explains the feeling of being disempowered? The literature on aspirations suggests subjectively deprived people may feel disempowered because they consider that any improvement to their lot is simply out of their reach. The present paper provides original and robust evidence that, alongside the well-known objective capabilities related to skills, assets and opportunities, psychological capabilities linked to aspirations also matter. Based on a Central African household survey and tackling endogeneity issues, we show that: (i) feeling subjectively more deprived decreases the probability of reporting a high level of empowerment, defined as power from within, that is the power to change one’s life; (ii) the probability of reporting empowerment decreases with the size of the aspirations gap, defined as the negative gap between one’s level of subjective wealth and the locality’s mean level; (iii) the capability framework is a relevant one to address the complex links between aspirations and empowerment.”

Musykilatu al Mudarrisi fī Ta’līmi al Lughati al ‘Arabiyyati bi al Madrasati al ‘Āliyati al Islāmiyyati al Ḥukūmiyyati Jāmbi

The teaching profession is considered one of the important professions in any civilized people, and teaching Arabic in a non-Arab environment, as is the case in Indonesia, requires rehabilitation, training, and development. It starts from the previous stage of teaching in the Arabic language departments, whether in the College of Education or the College of Arts in Indonesian universities. During the teacher's work period, he continues to teach this noble language. The reality of teaching Arabic in Indonesia faces many problems, the most important of which are the linguistic weakness of Arabic language learners, the difficulty of creating an Arabic environment, the lack of books and literature in teaching Arabic, the lack of educational aids to teach Arabic in the existing curricula. The teacher is the reservation on the basis in any educational process. The existence of a good curriculum will be sterile without the availability of a skilled teacher, and teaching Arabic to non-native speakers is an area that requires linguistic, professional, psychological, and social capabilities that are rarely available to one person from the teachers, as language teachers Arabic in Islamic schools, and even in Islamic universities is often either a specialist in teaching a language who is not good at it, or a glorified one for a language who is not specialized in teaching it to non-native speakers, and we rarely see the presence of a linguistically glorified Arabic teacher who is familiar with the methods of teaching Arabic.