Psychoeducational Intervention Program Research Articles

Factors predicting the intention of drug abuse avoidance among adolescents in Pinlaung Township, Myanmar: predictive correlational design

BackgroundAdolescence is a critical transition period and is at high risk for drug/substance abuse. In Myanmar, drug use is common among adolescents and is a public health concern. There are no studies of drug abuse prevention among Myanmar adolescents. Intentions to avoid drug abuse can be a protective factor for preventing drug abuse among adolescents. This study investigated the effects of sex, parental history of drug/alcohol abuse, self-efficacy, parental marital status, and family functioning on the intention of drug abuse avoidance among Myanmar adolescents.MethodsThis is a predictive correlational study. The Biopsychosocial model was used as the theoretical framework of this study. A convenient sampling method was used to collect data from 157 students aged 13–18 years in a government school, middle school level and high school level, Pinlaung Town, Southern Shan State, Myanmar during the COVID-19 pandemic and political protests. G* power software was used to calculate the sample size. Data was collected by four self-administered questionnaires: a socio-demographic questionnaire, Thai Family Functioning Scale (TFFS), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE), and Intention of Drug Avoidance Scale (IDAS). Multiple linear regression was employed to analyze the data.ResultsFive predictors, including biological sex, parental history without drug/alcohol abuse, self-efficacy, parental marital status, and family functioning, explained 24.4% of the variance in the intention of drug abuse avoidance among Myanmar adolescents (R2 = .244, F (5,151) = 9.738, p = .000). In addition, only three factors, family functioning (β = .31, p < .001), biological sex (β = -.25, p < .01), and self-efficacy (β = .16, p < .05) statistically and significantly predicted the intention of drug abuse avoidance among Myanmar adolescents.ConclusionsFamily functioning, female gender, and self-efficacy predicted the intention of drug abuse avoidance among Myanmar adolescents in Pinlaung Township, Southern Shan State, Myanmar.Implications of this studyThe results of this study have implications for all stakeholders through research, education, practice, and policymaking leading to improve the intentions of drug abuse avoidance among Myanmar adolescents. Furthermore, the results of this study specifically contribute to create psychoeducational intervention programs for increasing intention to avoid substance use by promoting family functioning and self-efficacy of adolescents. This is especially proper for male adolescents who have less intention to avoid substance use.

Parenting, Gender, and Perception of Changes in Children's Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

In a previous Argentine study, we found that, in the critical context of social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic, there were changes in maternal practices that influenced the relationship with their children. We also found that the impact of mandatory isolation was moderated positively by protective factors such as positive parenting and maternal school support or negatively by risk factors such as maternal stress. Although this study only analyzed maternal behavior, we were interested in studying the behavior of both parents, comparing the parenting (positive parenting, parental stress, and school support) of the father and mother and the perceived behavioral changes in their children. A quantitative ex post facto study was carried out. The sample consisted of 120 Argentinean parents (70 mothers and 50 fathers) aged between 27 and 56 (M = 38.84; SD = 5.03). Questionnaires were administered on sociodemographic and behavioral data of the children, as well as a brief scale to assess parenting. Mann-Whitney U and MANOVA were used to analyze the influence of gender on perceived changes in children's behavior and perceived parenting, respectively. Mothers perceived more significant changes than fathers in their children's behavior. In addition, women reported more parental stress, greater child school support, and greater perceived positive parenting compared to men. These findings support the hypothesis that parenting developed differently in fathers and mothers. These results imply the need for psycho-educational intervention programs aimed at promoting greater involvement of fathers in parenting and better management of parental stress in mothers' and family psychological well-being.

Effect of Psycho Educational Intervention Program on Psychological Problems among Nurses Caring for Patients with COVID-19

Effect of Psycho Educational Intervention Program on Psychological Problems among Nurses Caring for Patients with COVID-19

Pre-post changes in a child-to-parent violence psychoeducational intervention program

Child-to-parent violence assessment has raised much concern in the last decade. The Child-to-Parent Violence Risk (CPVR) assessment tool is a recently developed guide, designed to anticipate violence recidivism, that can be used during therapy, pretrial assessment, and other circumstances were professionals need support to determinate needs and risks of cases. This study aimed to provide empirical data on the use of the CPVR in a therapeutic context, describing the prevalence of risk factors of youth attending a cognitive-behavioral program, comparing scores on CPVR in a pre-post assessment, and analyzing its ability to predict treatment results. A total of 118 youths were assessed using the CPVR before treatment, and 66 also had a post-treatment assessment. Significant changes in risk (reduction) and protective (increase) factors after program participation (due to the program or due to the professional’s consideration in post-treatment assessment) were observed, but the CPVR was not able to predict the success coded by clinicians. Future research should include recidivism data to confirm the real success after the treatment program (regardless of the professional’s opinion) and the predictive validity of the CPVR for recidivism.

A psycho-educational intervention programme for parents with SGA foetuses supported by an adaptive mHealth system: design, proof of concept and usability assessment

BackgroundTechnology-based approaches during pregnancy can facilitate the self-reporting of emotional health issues and improve well-being. There is evidence to suggest that stress during pregnancy can affect the foetus and result in restricted growth and preterm birth. Although a number of mobile health (mHealth) approaches are designed to monitor pregnancy and provide information about a specific aspect, no proposal specifically addresses the interventions in parents at risk of having small-for-gestational-age (SGA) or premature babies. Very few studies, however, follow any design and usability guidelines which aim to ensure end-user satisfaction when using these systems.ResultsWe have developed an interactive, adaptable mHealth system to support a psycho-educational intervention programme for parents with SGA foetuses. The relevant results include a metamodel to support the task of modelling current or new intervention programmes, an mHealth system model with runtime adaptation to changes in the programme, the design of a usable app (called VivEmbarazo) and an architectural design and prototype implementation. The developed mHealth system has also enabled us to conduct a proof of concept based on the use of the mHealth systems and this includes data analysis and assesses usability and acceptance.ConclusionsThe proof of concept confirms that parents are satisfied and that they are enthusiastic about the mHealth-supported intervention programme. It helps to technically validate the results obtained in the other stages relating to the development of the solution. The data analysis resulting from the proof of concept confirms that the stress experienced by parents who followed the mHealth-supported intervention programme was significantly lower than among those who did not follow it. This implies an improvement in the emotional health not only of the parents but also of their child. In fact, the babies of couples who followed the mHealth-supported programme weigh more than the babies of couples under traditional care. In terms of user acceptance and usability, the analysis confirms that mothers place greater value on the app design, usefulness and ease of use and are generally more satisfied than their partners. Although these results are promising in comparison with more traditional and other more recent technology-based approaches.

Efficacy of a Psycho-Educational and Socio-Emotional Intervention Programme for Adolescents.

The aim of this article is to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of a psycho-educational intervention programme. The objective of this programme was to achieve optimisation of self-concept and basic socio-emotional skills for comprehensive development in the adolescent stage. The sample consisted of 402 students from 19 groups from public secondary schools in the province of Badajoz. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design was applied with a control group using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale, Self-Concept Form 5, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The analysis showed that the programme was effective in the family and social dimensions of self-concept, while in the other dimensions, the changes were not statistically significant. The results for emotion perception, understanding and regulation show that there were no statistically significant differences in the experimental group, although there were significant differences in the control group.

A PSYCHO-EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION PROGRAM AIMED AT LOWERING THE RISK OF ALCOHOL ABUSE AMONG TEENAGERS

The peculiarities of the psychosocial profile of an adolescent must be related to various forms of employment in behaviors at risk for physical and mental health, among them, is the consumption of alcohol. In this article, we set out to demonstrate an elaborate psycho-educational intervention program that was designed to reduce the risk of alcohol abuse among adolescents. The program stipulates the adaptation of therapeutic strategies to the stage of change in which the client is, the evaluation of adolescents and the identification of the stage being essential for choosing the most appropriate therapeutic modalities.

Psycho-Educational Intervention Program on Psycho-Social Problems of Internet Addiction among Nursing Students

Psycho-Educational Intervention Program on Psycho-Social Problems of Internet Addiction among Nursing Students

427 - Psychoeducation Program for the Prevention of Older Adults´ Infantilization in Professionals working in Nursing Homes

IntroductionKayser-Jones (1981) described infantilization as one of the four most frequent types of violence in nursing homes. Older people perceive infantilization as disrespectful and patronizing. In professionals, it can lead to protective behaviors that reduce autonomy and generate more dependency. Despite the importance of this phenomenon, the interventions are scarce and show methodological limitations.ObjectiveThis study analyzed the efficacy of a psychoeducation program for the prevention of infantilization in professionals working in nursing homes. The sample included 154 direct-care workers. The experimental group (N=111) attended a psychoeducational group intervention program while the control group (N=43) did not attend any intervention program. We assessed the infantilized practices the professionals recognized they conducted and the ones observed in the institution before and after the intervention. The intervention lasted 6 hours and included four sessions distributed in two days. These sessions aimed to reduce negative stereotypes, preventing infantilized communication patterns and the use of behaviors or practices that are frequently used with children. We also offered professionals alternative practices that recognize autonomy, decision-making and respect older adults´ dignity and uniqueness. To analyze data, we conducted Repeated measures of ANOVA and one-way ANCOVAs.Results:The scores of infantilization in the experimental group significantly decreased from pre-intervention to post-intervention in the professional, F(1, 85) = 37.184, p = .01, partial η2 = .030, and in the institution, F(1, 84) = 32.128, p = .01, partial η2 = .277, while the control group did not show any changes. There was a statistically significant difference in post-intervention between the experimental and the control group when participants scored their infantilization practices, F(1, 115) = 5.175, p = .03, partial η2 = .043, and infantilization practices observed in the institution, F(1, 115) = 5.810, p = .018, partial η2 = .048.Conclusion:These results reflect the importance of developing interventions focused on preventing infantilization, methodologically rigorous, in which professionals´ training and education are considered key pieces to generate a culture of change. More research is needed to understand this problem in greater depth to develop programs that address this problem at different levels.Funding:This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (grant no. PSI2016-79803-R).

A Study of Maternal Competence in Preterm Birth Condition, during the Transition from Hospital to Home: An Early Intervention Program's Proposal.

The study was conducted with 104 mothers (average age 32.5 years, SD 6.1) of preterm infants (very and moderately preterm but still healthy) to monitor the perceived maternal role competence from the time of hospitalisation to post-discharge, in order to define an intervention program to support mothers during this transition. A targeted Q-Sort tool (Maternal Competence Q-Sort in preterm birth) was applied at two different times as a self-observation tool for parenting competence in neonatology. A tendency towards dysregulation of the maternal role competence was detected, mainly in terms of low self-assessment and was found to worsen during post-discharge, particularly with regard to caregiving ability. This study suggests the importance of accompanying parenting competence in preterm birth conditions, not only during hospitalisation in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) but also following discharge in order to promote the development of premature infants. This paper reports in the last part a specific integrated psychoeducational intervention program (psychologist and nurses), which we defined precisely in light of the suggestions offered by the study data on perceived maternal competence created with the Q-sort.

Technology addiction of adolescents in the COVID-19 era: Mediating effect of attitude on awareness and behavior

Adolescents have been called the “digital natives of the technology age”, but determining adolescents’ awareness, attitudes and behavior with respect to technology addiction (TA) is important for developing balanced and effective approaches to support their physical and psychological well-being after the COVID-19 pandemic. For this reason, the present study investigates the impact of attitudes on TA behavior in 382 adolescents by gender and extent of technology use. Three scales were used to determine adolescents’ TA awareness, attitude, and behavior. The results of the dual-moderated mediation model show that gender and duration of technology use (h) moderated the full mediation of attitude on awareness and behavior in TA (F = 39.29, df = 9;372, p < .01). The indirect effect in males with 16.04 h per day of technology use is stronger (.24) than the indirect effect in males with 4.90 h per day of technology use (.13). In addition, the simple slope plot shows that when attitude scores increase, addictive behavior rises in females (simple slope = .74, t = 8.79, p < .01). On the other hand, with 16.04 h per day of technology use, when attitude scores decrease, addictive behavior rises in females (simple slope = .69, t = 7.59, p < .01). Furthermore, when the attitude scores increase, addictive behavior rises in males (simple slope = .85, t = 13.26, p < .01). As a result, the psychoeducational intervention programs to be implemented for TA should not only focus on awareness, but should also encompass behavioral, cognitive and lifestyle changes.

Quality of Life of Head and Neck Cancer Patients: Psychosocial Perspective using Mixed Method Approach.

Objectives:Head and neck cancers are one of the most visible cancers permanently damaging appearances and affecting some of the very basic life functions of the patients. With advances in medical care and multidisciplinary team interventions, such changes can be managed and patient’s quality of life (QOL) be improved. Thus, it is important to understand the QOL concerns of the patients. The objective of the study was to examine QOL concerns of the patients with head and neck cancer.Materials and Methods:A sample of 100 adult cancer patients was selected from NCT of Delhi using non-probability sampling design. Data were collected through European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QOL Questionnaires 30 (EORTC QLQ30) and EORTC QLQ Head and Neck specific 35 inventories which was supplemented with qualitative data obtained through semi-structured interviews. Interdependence of the variables and their impact on QOL of patients was studied using co-relational analyses.Results:Patients with head and neck cancer experienced major changes in their speech, appearances, eating pattern, daily routine, and work efficiency. Emotional functioning of the patients was poorest, followed by social functioning, role functioning, physical functioning, and cognitive functioning. Education had significant positive correlation with global QOL (0.382**, P < 0.01).Conclusion:QOL of head and neck cancer patients was poor. Emotional functioning of the patients was worst affected as patients had high emotional concerns. The study recommends psycho-educational intervention programs to help patients cope up better with the disease and improve their QOL. Patients’ support group and peer counseling would give emotional strength to the patients as few patients derived positive experience out of the disease episode.

Determining Factors in the Perception of Cyberbullying in Victimized Adolescents: Psychoeducational Implications

The knowledge of the perceptual structure that victims have of the cyberbullying phenome-non favors the adjustment of prevention and intervention programs. However, there are few studies that try to find out what are the factors that influence the construction of a certain perceptual structure on cyberbullying, let alone those that focus on a population such as victimized adolescents. This paper aims to know the perceptual structure that victimized adolescents have about cyberbullying, as well as the factors that determine the construction or modification of this structure. The sample consisted of 2148 adolescents (49.1% girls) of ages from 12 to 16 (M = 13.9; SD = 1.2). The results have shown that in the victims’ per-ceptual structure the key factor is the intention to harm, closely linked to the asymmetry of power and publicity. Anonymity, revenge and repetition are also present in this structure, although its relationship with cyberbullying is indirect. Likewise, the results indicate that victimization experiences, as well as the intensity of the aggressions suffered, play a mediat-ing role in the formation and modification of this perceptual structure. These results allow defining risk factors that would promote the durability of the victim's role and the conver-sion of victims into poly-victims. Knowledge of this perceptual structure provides key ele-ments for the design of psychoeducational prevention and intervention programs in cyber-bullying.

Review of the Volume ”Psycho-Educational and Social Intervention Program for Parents - Psycho-Educational Kit: Trainer’s Manual and Trainee's Workbook, Coordinator: Aurora Adina Colomeischi, Lumen Publishing House, 2018

The book entitled “Psycho-Educational and Social Intervention Program for Parents. Psycho-Educational Kit: Trainer’s Manual and Trainee’s Workbook”, coordinated by Adina Aurora Colomeischi and published by Lumen Publishing House from Iași, Romania, in 2018, attracted my attention because of the way it approaches the inclusion of families with children with special needs. In the volume we find different variants and possibilities of development, both social, personal and emotional assessments for raising a child with special needs, but also for family development, by discovering new possibilities for the parent's evolution, by learning the parent and helping them master certain new techniques and theories.

The Influence of Motives and Significant others in Adolescent Tobacco Smoking: Evidence from a Survey of Secondary School Adolescents in Dar es Salaam

This study explored the psychosocial influence of tobacco smoking among secondary school adolescents in Ilala district, Dar es Salam region. Specifically, the study sought to explore the influence of significant others and motives on tobacco smoking among secondary school adolescents. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 400 secondary school adolescents aged between 12 and 22. The findings revealed that the major motive that drives adolescents to smoke tobacco was experimentation. Other motives include; the desire to reduce frustration, pleasure, persuaded to smoke, a way of solving problem, and the habit of being sent to light up cigarette. It was further revealed that smoking cigarette as a way of keeping busy had little influence on secondary schools’ adolescents in Ilala district while the influence of close friends and brothers made a strong contribution to secondary school adolescents in Ilala district to smoke tobacco. Significant others like sister, mother and father were found to have little influence on secondary schools’ adolescents’ tobacco smoking behavior.Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that factors such as motives and the influence of significant others need to be taken into account when considering psycho-educational intervention programs to preventing smoking.

The Relationship between Insight and Quality of Life among Schizophrenic Patients

Background: Schizophrenia is an overwhelming mental illness which characterized by positive and negative symptoms. These symptoms may have a negative impact on a person’s social, occupational or interpersonal functioning and his quality of life. Insight in schizophrenia is a complex and controversial phenomenon. Deficit of insight in schizophrenia has been conceptualized in a number of ways and has come to encompass more general unawareness. Aim of the study: This study aimed to assess the relationship between insight and quality of life among schizophrenic patients. Research design: A descriptive design was utilized. Setting: This study was conducted at out-patients clinics at El Abassia psychiatric and mental health hospital. Subjects and Methods: A convenient sample of 120 patients with schizophrenia. Tools of data collection: A socio-demographic interviewing sheet, The New re-standardized Insight scale, and The Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale. Results of the study showed that, more than half of patient with schizophrenia were female which lived in urban area and always they were worry about their future, feeling lonely, feeling hopeless, taking things people say the wrong way, feeling down and depressed, feeling very mixed up and unsure of person self, feeling go up and down, worry about things and sometimes get upset thinking about the past .Conclusion: According to this study, more than one third of the patients with schizophrenia understudy was insight less and more than half of them had a poor quality of life. Also, there was a positive correlation between level of insight and quality of life among patients with schizophrenia. Recommendation: Implementing counseling intervention program for promoting quality of life among patients with schizophrenia and Psycho-educational intervention program should be designed to reduce the negative implications of schizophrenia and to improve insight among patients with schizophrenia

Improvement of Family Care Ability for Elderly with Depression through Psychoeducation Intervention Program

The increase in the incidence of depression in the elderly can affect the elderly and their families' quality of life. Depression in the elderly is mostly caused by a lack of knowledge, attitudes, and family behavior caring for the elderly. It has an impact on the increasing cases of older people with depression in the community. To prevent increasing depression cases, it is necessary to empower family potential and social support. This study aims to obtain a description of the Psychoeducation Intervention Program (PIP) on families' ability to care for older people with depression in the community. The research method used is a Quasi-experiment with control group design. The sample is families who have elderly with depression by screening using the Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS-SF). The number of samples was 68 for the intervention group and 68 for the control group—statistical test using dependent t-test, independent t-test, and Mancova test. The results showed an increase in knowledge, attitudes, and family behavior in caring for the elderly before and after PIP. There were differences in the family's ability to care for the depressed elderly between the intervention and control groups. The resulting psycho-educational intervention program can serve as a basis for policymakers and health service managers to carry out various interventions related to family empowerment.

REGISTRIES, CARE, QUALITY OF LIFE, MANAGEMENT OF NMD: P.338 The ``Hospital goes to School'': a psychoeducational program to raise awareness about neuromuscular disorders in schools to prevent social exclusion

We explored children with neuromuscular disorders (NMD), their teachers’ and classmates’ experiences about the psychoeducational program on NMD, along with their perceptions on emphatic behavior. Six male patients, from our neuromuscular service, their schoolteachers and classmates from Catalonia-Spain participated in the program during school season 2018-2019; participants were in 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 5th grade of primary school. Qualitative thematic analysis method was performed over semi-structured interviews with teachers and surveys for children with neuromuscular disorders (NMD) and their classmates. Quantitative analysis after psychoeducational intervention program was performed in a Non-Equivalent Groups Design of pre-posttest measurement of the empathy variable in patients and their classmates. Data were analyzed with the T-student test. Four themes reflect teachers and children's needs regarding NMD: ```Difficulties in talking about the disease'', ``giving/receiving help'', ``managing differences'' and ``level of knowledge about the disease''. Regarding empathy, no significant differences between gender groups were found in 1st, 2nd and 3rd grade, but in the older age group (5th grade) we found significant differences according to gender, in which girls showed higher levels of empathic concern than did boys; this is consistent with previous research findings explaining differences as a result of cognitive development, suggesting that differences in the time maturation process plays a role in boys’ development of empathic concern. This multi-level intervention enhances school context understanding of the NMD facilitating social integration of the affected child. Empathy is a social skill developed at school-age, requiring the need for longitudinal interventions for better promotion of social integration of NMD patients in their schools.

Influence of Resilience, Everyday Stress, Self-Efficacy, Self-Esteem, Emotional Intelligence, and Empathy on Attitudes toward Sexual and Gender Diversity Rights

The present study forms part of the project “Cross-disciplinary education for sexual, body, and gender diversity” (Code 419). The aim of this study was to analyze the role played by the psychoeducational variables involved in burnout (resilience, self-efficacy, self-esteem, emotional intelligence, empathy, and everyday stress) on attitudes toward sexual and gender diversity rights. Participants comprised 170 university students undertaking a degree in primary education. Instruments were administered to assess the constructs analyzed, ensuring informed consent, voluntary participation, anonymity, and data confidentiality. An ex post facto design was employed to determine whether attitudes toward sexual and gender diversity rights are influenced by the possible relationships and role of these variables. We found statistically significant associations between students’ attitudes toward sexual and gender diversity at all three levels (sociocultural, relational, and personal) and the variable of burnout. Attitudes towards gender sexual orientation and gender identity rights influence burnout, and vice versa. As we ponder deeply about how these factors influence one another, we can shift our perspectives in a way that builds social harmony. It is important to learn how exactly these influences work, and this knowledge translates into making teaching strategies more effective to help raise awareness about guaranteeing rights for all. At the personal level of students’ attitudes toward sexual and gender diversity/equality, we found positive correlations between this level and the total score for the variable of resilience and with its factor of personal competence. The data obtained will be of use for future psychoeducational assessment and intervention programs related to an education in sexual orientation and gender identity rights that are aimed at developing socio-emotional competencies and attention to diversity with the ultimate goal of improving social harmony by dismantling stereotypes and raising awareness of the importance of the variables of resilience, self-efficacy, self-esteem, emotional intelligence, empathy, and everyday stress which highlights how “education is an instrument of social transformation”.

A theory-driven psycho-educational intervention programme for gynaecological cancer patients during treatment trajectory: A randomised controlled trial.

This study aims to evaluate the effects of a theory-driven psycho-educational intervention programme on uncertainty in illness, anxiety, and sexual functioning in a cohort of Chinese patients with gynaecological cancer. Women with newly diagnosed gynaecological cancer (n = 202) received either a four-session, 12-week-long, culturally appropriate psycho-educational intervention programme (n = 102) or attention from intervener (n = 100) in a two-group randomised controlled trial. Patient-reported measures included Chinese version of Mishel's Uncertainty in Illness Scale (C-MUIS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)-Anxiety subscale, and Sexual Function-Vaginal Changes Questionnaire (SVQ). Data regarding uncertainty in illness and anxiety were collected at baseline and postintervention, while data on sexual functioning were collected postintervention. Patients receiving psycho-educational intervention reported significantly greater reductions in ambiguity, inconsistency, and overall uncertainty in illness, as measured by C-MUIS (P < .01). They were also more likely to be sexually active (P = .037), report their partners having greater sexual interest (P = .008), and perceive a significantly greater level of intimacy (P = .001) in the SVQ. Given the growing population of gynaecological cancer survivors and the universal side effects of the disease and its related treatments, the established design and content of the psycho-educational intervention programme should be incorporated into routine clinical practice.