Types Of Pruning Research Articles

Importance of quality maintenance pruning for young Ugni Blanc grapevines

This article investigates and models the effects of maintenance pruning quality on the initial formation of desiccation cones and wood necrotisation. Two different types of pruning, short and long pruning cuts, were performed annually for three years in two Charente vineyards. The short pruning type removed the diaphragm. In the long one, four modalities were applied: these ranged from keeping a 1 cm chicot above the diaphragm, to leaving a much longer one to preserve the bud. Neither of the trials, whether for short or long pruning, showed any correlation between necrosis length and spur diameter (R2 < 0.14 for both trials). Charente Ugni Blanc necrosis length, for long pruning, proved significantly more extensive 8 months after pruning, without damaging the diaphragm. Chicot necrotisation rates varied with each vintage, particularly in 2020, the year immediately following the first maintenance pruning. When long pruning cuts preserved 2–3 cm of cane above the diaphragm, the desiccation cones were blocked, leaving the sap flow unimpeded.

Tree Canopy Architecture and Engineering: Physiological and Molecular Aspects

The fruit industry is a vital part of the agricultural economy, and the quality and quantity of crops depend heavily on the science of tree canopy architecture and engineering. The canopy is the most important part of a fruit tree as it affects photosynthesis, fruit quality, and yield. The study of canopy architecture and engineering increased in importance due to the need for efficient agricultural practices that optimize fruit production while reducing the environmental impact. Factors that influence canopy architecture, such as light, water, and nutrient availability, genetic makeup of the plants, hormones, management practices and innovative engineering techniques can optimize orchard management. Canopy can managed by the using different types of pruning (Proper pruning can enhance light penetration, airflow, and disease management, ultimately leading to higher yields and healthier fruits), thinning, by using dwarfing rootstocks and training (such as central leader system, modified central leader system and open Centre system etc.) and also by using the growth retardant & regulators and through gene regulation for higher yield as well as quality improvement.

The effect of root shaving and biostimulant application on the transplant success of six common Australian urban tree species

To enhance the establishment of container-grown trees, nursery and urban forest practitioners use root pruning to improve plant root structure. However, some methods of root pruning may cause stress to the plant and reduce shoot growth. One potential approach to mitigating tree stress is the application of biostimulants. This study aimed to determine the impact root shaving, a type of root pruning, has on the growth of urban plant species, and whether biostimulant application mitigates this impact. To address these aims, we applied root shaving (not shaved, shaved) and biostimulant (control, humic substance, protein hydrolysate, seaweed extract) treatments to six tree species that are commonly planted in the Sydney metropolitan area, Australia in a factorial design. The study consisted of a glasshouse and field experiment to simulate nursery production and urban field conditions, respectively. We found that the assimilation rate of the plants was not affected by root shaving but four of the species still experienced reductions in shoot growth in the short-term. This reduction was a result of the plants allocating resources to root growth to compensate for the root loss. However, in the long-term, the plants were able to compensate for this reduction in shoot growth. We found that biostimulant application did not mitigate the short-term impacts of root shaving on plant growth. We can conclude that root shaving and biostimulant application do not affect plant establishment in the long-term.

Citrus Pruning in the Mediterranean Climate: A Review.

Pruning is a common practice in citrus for various reasons. These include controlling and shaping the canopy; improving phytosanitary health, productivity, and fruit quality; and facilitating operations such as harvesting and phytosanitary treatments. Because pruning is an expensive operation, its need is sometimes questioned. However, it has been proven to be particularly important in Mediterranean citriculture, which is oriented towards producing fruits for a high-quality demanding fresh market. Herein, we summarize and explain the pruning techniques used in Mediterranean citriculture and refer to the main purposes of each pruning type, considering citrus morphology and physiology.

Thermal Requirements, Phenology, and Maturation of Juice Grape Cultivars Subjected to Different Pruning Types

The purpose of this study was to assess the impacts of pruning methods (short and mixed pruning) on the duration of phenological phases and thermal requirements of juice grape cultivars (‘Bordô’, ‘BRS Cora’, and ‘BRS Violeta’), as well as to confirm the development of chemistry throughout berry ripening. The duration of the following phenological phases was measured in days after pruning over two production cycles: budburst, full-bloom, setting, veraison, and ripening. Degree days were used to compute the thermal requirements. Soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, and maturation index were all measured as the berries ripened. There was no impact on the length of the phenological cycle or the thermal necessities of the vines due to the various types of pruning. In terms of cultivars, ‘BRS Violeta’ was found to be earlier than ‘Bordô’ and ‘BRS Cora’. In terms of chemical evolution, the berries achieved 16 °Brix at 21 and 28 days following the veraison, and the greatest values obtained were 17.0 (‘BRS Violeta’) and 18.4 °Brix (‘BRS Cora’). Furthermore, ‘BRS Cora’ produced more acidic berries. However, regardless of cultivar, the grapes were of high quality, making them a viable option for Brazilian subtropical viticulture.

Influence of growing environment and pruning techniques on storage and quality traits of Vaccinium corymbosum L., cv ‘Duke’

BACKGROUND: Due to the increasing market demand for blueberries, the amount of land dedicated to their production is expanding. Therefore, cultivation techniques to ensure high quality and a longer shelf life have become key concerns for the blueberry industry and consumers. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the impact of various growing environments and pruning techniques on the quality and shelf life of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. cv. ‘Duke’) during cold storage. METHODS: In this study, six commercial orchards were selected based on the type of pruning (light or hard) and the plot’s altitude (lowland, hill, or mountain). After harvest, the blueberries were stored at 1°C and 90% RH for 21 days. Quality analyses were performed on days 0, 10, and 21 of storage. The data were processed with a factor-designed analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA). RESULTS: Blueberries from the lowland cultivation area with light pruning had a longer shelf life. At harvest, the lowland area had indeed produced firmer blueberries that were sweeter and less acidic, and cold storage positively preserved these characteristics compared to fruit grown at other altitudes. CONCLUSIONS: In summation, the lowland area produced firmer berries that retained their characteristics after 10 days of storage, especially those harvested from hard-pruned plants. Notably, the bioactive compounds were not affected by the pruning method. However, when combined with 10 days of storage, light pruning was associated with better preservation of the total phenol content.

Pruning and additional fertilizer applications affect morphophysiological characters and flavonoid content of winged bean

Excessive leaf production in winged bean may delay the flowering time and reduces the yield, therefore, shoot pruning and additional fertilizer were applied in order to improve yield. The research was carried out at Leuwikopo Experimental Station, IPB University, Bogor from January to July 2022. The study used a randomized complete block design with 2 factors and three replications. The first factor was three types of shoot pruning, namely without shoot pruning, shoot pruning at 15, and 30 cm height. Pruning was conducted at 7 weeks after transplanting (WAT). The second factor was four doses of fertilizers (0, 6.25, 12.5, and 18.75 g of NPK (16-16-16) per plant). The additional fertilizer was given every two weeks from 7 until 15 WAT. The variables observed were the morphophysiological characters, shoot auxin levels, plant nutrient levels, pod yield, pod number, and pod flavonoid content. The results showed that plant’s biomass increased with additional fertilizer, lower relative growth rate and higher auxin content was from 15 cm pruning. The interaction of two factors affected flowering time and flavonoid content. Shoot pruning and 6.25 g NPK delayed flowering by 0.7-1 day. The highest flavonoid content was found in the plant without pruning and additional fertilizer. Plant yields were not significantly affected by treatments.
 Keywords: auxin; flavonoid content; flowering time; leaf nutrient; young pods

Speedup deep learning models on GPU by taking advantage of efficient unstructured pruning and bit-width reduction

This work is focused on the UnSparse-Opt framework for the efficient unstructured pruning and quantisation of feedforward neural networks and the improvement of their efficiency on graphic processing units (GPU) by using a direct sparse algorithm. The Nvidia deep neural network (cuDnn) library is the most effective implementation of deep learning (DL) algorithms for GPUs. One of the most common techniques for improving the efficiency of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models is weight pruning and quantisation. There are two main types of pruning: structural and non-structural. The first enables much easier acceleration on many type of accelerators, but with structural it is difficult to achieve a sparsity level and accuracy as high as that obtained with the non-structural version. Non-structural pruning with retraining can generate the weight tensors up to ∼90% or more of sparsity in some deep CNN models. In this article, the pruning algorithm is presented which achieve high sparsity levels without drop in accuracy. In the next stage, the linear and non-linear quantisation is adapted for further reductions in time and memory footprint. Additionally, this work presents real CNN models pruned with high sparsities in which some subset of layers can have comparable or better efficiency than cuDnn by using a direct sparse method. Finally, it shows sparse CNN-based architectures with reduced precision which can be more efficient than CuDnn library.

Aplikasi Berbagai Jenis Mulsa Dan Pemangkasan Cabang Bawah Terhadap Hasil Dan Mutu Benih Paria (Momordica charantia L.)

To increase the production of pariah seeds, it is necessary to improve the quality of the seeds produced through plant breeding and the use of appropriate cultivation systems. This study aims to determine the effect of the application of various types of mulch and branch pruning on the yield and quality of pariah seeds. This research was conducted in October 2020 – February 2021 in the Research area of PT. Wira Agro Nusantara Pare Prosperous, Kediri. The experimental design used was factorial RCBD (Randomized Complete Block Design with 2 treatment factors and 3 replications. The first factor is the application of 3 levels of mulch, namely no mulch, straw mulch and plastic mulch. While the second factor pruning lower branches as much as 3 levels, namely 1-3 branches, 1-5 branches and 1-7 branches. The data obtained were tested using the F test (ANOVA) and continued with the DMRT test with an error rate of 5%. The results showed that the interaction of treatments using various types of mulch and pruning of lower branches had an effect on several observation parameters. The use of plastic mulch and pruning of 5 lower branches gave the best results on the parameters of fruit diameter 5.34 cm, fruit weight per plant 2617.17 grams, number of seeds per fruit 26.07 grains, number of seeds per sample 192.67 grams and production. seeds per hectare 9.06 Kw/ha.

Branch regeneration of jaborandi submitted to diferentes types of pruning and cropping systems

The leaf of the jaborandi (Pilocarpus microphyllus) is the part of the plant of economic interest, from which the pilocarpine is extracted, therefore, leaf production is the main variable that determines the productivity of this species. Pilocarpus leaf production can be managed during its development phase. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate branch regeneration of jaborandi submitted to two types of cutting/pruning and different cropping systems. Prunings were carried out in jaborandi plants from different accessions from the Janorandi Active Germoplasm Bank (BGA), that were under different cropping systems, full sun and shade. With pruning shears, cuts were made 10 and 20 cm from the branch bifurcations. The results showed that regardless of the distances of the cuts in the jaborandi plants, the prunings benefited new shoots production and the harvest and influence on leaf production could be anticipated without harming the plant’s development. The drastic pruning performed on the species also stimulated efficient regeneration without damaging the plant, resulting in bigger leaf production, regardless of the pruning direction. It was also observed that jaborandi cultivation becomes more productive when it is grown under full sun regardless of the germplasm used, and the leaves can be harvested in all the months of the year.

Effect of Plant Growth Regulator on Growth, Yield and Catechin Content of Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O.Kuntze)

Catechins are one of the secondary metabolites contained in tea leaves. Cultivation practices such as pruning affect the shoot production and quality of tea yield. The use of plant growth regulators is a new breakthrough in tea plant engineering. This research aims to determine the interaction effect of type, height of pruning, and concentration of Benzil Amino Purine (BAP) and Gibberellin (GA) concentrations on tea plants' growth and catechin content after pruning. The experiment was conducted at Tea and Cinchona Research Centre Gambung in June 2018 until October 2018, with a split-plot design consisted of three factors as followed: main factor (a) type of pruning (clean and lung pruning); subfactor (b) pruning height (40 cm, 50 cm, and 60 cm); sub-sub factor (h) plant growth regulator (0 ppm, 60 ppm BAP, 50 ppm GA, 60 ppm BAP + 50 ppm GA). The result showed that 60 cm pruning and 60 ppm BAP in the third month after pruning significantly affected the chlorophyll content index (91,58I cci). There was an interaction between the pruning height of 60 cm and 50 ppm GA on fresh shoots weight per bush on the fourth plucking. Based on the response curve, at clean pruning, the optimum value at pruning height of 51.5 cm and 66,63 ppm BAP contributes to the catechin content of 1.88% while at lung pruning, the minimum value pruning height of 50.73 cm and 7.238 ppm with catechin content of 0.776%.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЙ СПОСОБ ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ ЧАЙНЫХ ПЛАНТАЦИЙ

Today, in the Krasnodar Krai, there is a need for the restoration of abandoned tea plantations and the reclamation of ineffi cient old ones. To develop measures for the reconstruction of tea plantations in the Krasnodar Krai, the authors analyzed foreign experience in the tea cultivation technology. In particular, they considered some cases of pruning tea plants (light, deep, heavy, and root pruning) and the algorithm for their implementation. Experimental studies conducted in 2016-2021 in the Republic of Georgia established the dependence of the tea plantation yield on the type of pruning. The research results showed that in the fi rst year after heavy pruning, the tea plantation yield decreased by 70.6%, however, in the next 5 years, the average yield increased by 122.6%. In the second year after light-heavy and heavy pruning, tea plants came into vegetation 6-12 days earlier. Thus it can be concluded that the choice of the optimal pruning method depends on the state of a tea plant, the strategy of farmers, the technical and technological capacities of tea producers. It is noted that for old tea plantations aged 40-60 years, the most rational operation is heavy pruning at a height of no more than 10…15 cm from the root collar. In the case of using semi-heavy pruning at a height of 25…40 cm from the root collar, under the upper nodes in subsequent years, trellis pruning is recommended. When re-laying the plantation, only new varieties of seeds should be used, with an emphasis on the Kolkhida variety. An optimal technological map for establishing tea plantations has been proposed, including trench plowing and soil cultivation, the application of organic fertilizers, the plantation division into plots of 5…10 ha, and the preparation of planting pits. The use of a technological map with the introduction of promising measures for the pruning and rejuvenation of tea plants provides a high-quality restoration of tea plantations with high quality characteristics of the tea yield.

СТАН ПРЕДСТАВНИКІВ РОДУ POPULUS L. У ПАРКУ «САКСАГАНСЬКИЙ» МІСТА КРИВИЙ РІГ (ДНІПРОПЕТРОВСЬКА ОБЛАСТЬ)

We studied the state of poplars in the park Saksaganskyi in Kryvyi Rih, their share being 14.6 % of the total number of trees and 21 % of the total number of taxa. The vast majority of specimens are aged 40; such trees in the conditions of Kryvyi Rih need constant care. The general condition of poplars can be considered weakened, it may be due to the lack of proper care. Plantations of Populus simonii are of the best state, while those of P. berolinensis are of the worst state. Preliminary expert assessment of the peculiarities of poplar operation, in particular the determination of the optimal pruning type and age limits for complete removal of plants, is appropriate to determine maintenance works. It is recommended to enrich the park plantings with new plantings of P. bolleana, which have high aesthetic properties, as well as to introduce species of this genus, in particular P. suaveolens Fisch. ex Loudon, P. balsamifera L. et al.

Almond Fruit Drop Patterns under Mediterranean Conditions

Almond is an important tree nut crop worldwide, and planted areas have been increasing year after year. While self-fertility is one of the key factors when it comes to improved almond productivity of new cultivars, yield is also affected by the number of flowers produced, pollination, fruit set, fruit drop, and fruit weight. Almond fruit drop patterns of 20 Mediterranean almond cultivars were studied over three years. In addition, fruit drop patterns of two scion cultivars ‘Marinada’ and ‘Vairo’ budded onto eight to 10 different rootstocks managed with three different pruning strategies were studied for two years. Cumulative flower and fruit drop ranged from 50% to 90% among cultivars and treatments, and there were up to four fruit drop events during the growing season, the main one occurring from 20–60 days from full bloom (DFFB). Subsequent drops were at 100 DFFB, 120–140 DFFB, and the last one at 160–180 DFFB. The later drops were less apparent. In general, about half of the cumulative drop was comprised of buds and flowers, and the remaining percentage was fruit that dropped 20 or more days after full bloom. Furthermore, different fruit drop patterns were observed depending on the cultivar. For late- and extra-late flowering cultivars, cumulative fruit drop began to decrease earlier, with most of the drops occurred already at full bloom, whereas the opposite was observed for the early flowering cultivars. Rootstocks also had an important effect on the fruit drop pattern, with different effects depending on the scion cultivar. Tree management, such as type of pruning, also had an important effect on the rate of fruit drop and cumulative drop. Therefore, each combination of cultivar × rootstock × pruning type will require different strategies in order to reduce the fruit drop and optimize crop loads.

The effect of pruning type on old seedling of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants to the growth and yield

This research aimed to determine the effect of the pruning type to old seedling of chili plants to the growth and yield. The research was conducted from April until August 2019 at Syiah Kuala District, Banda Aceh. The research was designed as a non-factorial randomized block design with four levels of treatment and six replications. There were 72 units of polybags of research. Pruning types consist of four levels, namely control (no pruning), shoot pruning, root pruning, and combination of shoot and root pruning. The result indicates that pruning type had a very significant effect on plant height, stem diameter, number of fruit per plant, each fruit weight, weight of fruit per plant, and plant productivity, it also indicates a significant effect on the length of fruit. Better growth and yield of chili pepper are found in root pruned plant and control. The high fruit length and each fruit weight are found in shoot pruned and the combination of shoot and root pruned plant. The highest number of productive branches and diameter of fruit are found in combination of shoot and root pruned plant. The lowest percentage of virus symptomatic plants and early flowering is found in the control.

Impact of First Mechanical Fructification Pruning on Mango Orchards

ABSTRACT São Francisco River Valley is the main mango Brazilian growing region, where almost 85% of Brazilian exports are produced. In this region, the fructification pruning is the first and one of the most influential cultural treatments of the productive cycle. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of mechanical pruning on growth, development, physiology, and yield of mango cv. Tommy Atkins grown in the tropical semiarid. An experiment was carried out in Casa Nova, Bahia, Brazil, with mangoes ‘Tommy Atkins.’ The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with two treatments (manual and mechanical pruning), evaluated in subdivided plots over time (evaluation dates), with five replications and four plants per plot. There was a significant interaction between the types of pruning and the dates of evaluation for the number of flushes emitted per branch, branch diameter, light intensity, nitrogen leaf content, leaf proline, branch proline, and branch soluble carbohydrates. Mechanical pruning increases the length of sprout and decreases the percentage of plants with symptoms of floral malformation. Mechanical pruning presented a lower production compared with manual pruning in the first evaluation cycle after continuous manual pruning, suggesting an initial impact, but with the potential for adaptation of the plants in the next productive cycles.

Pruning, training system, and climate conditions for the perennial cultivation of physalis

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of pruning and training system type on the agronomic performance of the perennial cultivation of physalis (Physalis peruviana), in high-altitude tropical and humid temperate regions in Southeastern Brazil. The experiments were carried out in the municipalities of Diamantina (humid temperate climate) and Couto de Magalhães de Minas (high-altitude tropical climate), both in the state of Minas Gerais, in two cycles (2017/2018 and 2018/2019). In the first cycle, two types of training system were evaluated, one with formation pruning to define the number of stems for espalier training and the other free (without pruning and espalier). In the second cycle, renewal pruning was evaluated in each training system. Physalis cultivation in regions with humid temperate climate and mild temperatures favors high yields and large fruits. The training system in espalier with formation pruning facilitates plant management and increases productivity. The viability of the perennial cultivation of physalis varies according to the climatic conditions of the cultivation site and to the training system adopted.

Топінг як явище в Українських реаліях: очевидні помилки під час його виконання та їх шкідливі наслідки для зелених насаджень

Вста­нов­ле­но, що ос­тан­нім ча­сом під час об­рі­зу­ван­ня де­рев у на­се­ле­них пун­ктах ши­ро­ко зас­то­со­ву­ють та­кий ме­тод, як то­пінг, за яко­го у де­рев спи­лю­ють усі ске­лет­ні гіл­ки і за­ли­ша­ють один стов­бур, поз­бав­ле­ний усієї кро­ни. Згід­но з Між­на­род­ною асо­ці­ацією ар­бо­рис­тів, то­пінг – це шкід­ли­ва прак­ти­ка зни­щен­ня кро­ни де­рев шля­хом не­ви­бір­ко­во­го спи­лу всіх ске­лет­них гі­лок до за­над­то ко­рот­ких для від­нов­лен­ня. То­пінг не є життєздат­ною прак­ти­кою змен­шен­ня роз­мі­рів де­ре­ва, іс­тот­но по­гір­шує стан де­рев і приз­во­дить до ри­зи­ків у майбутньо­му. Та­кож у за­хід­ній лі­те­ра­ту­рі то­пін­гом на­зи­ва­ють не­ви­бір­ко­ве об­рі­зу­ван­ня гі­лок де­рев до бо­ко­вих гі­лок, не­дос­татньо ве­ли­ких, щоб пе­рейня­ти на се­бе фун­кцію ске­лет­ної гіл­ки. В ук­ра­їнсь­ких же ре­алі­ях то­пінг, який час­ті­ше на­зи­ва­ють кро­ну­ван­ням, пе­ред­ба­чає, що в де­ре­ва зрі­зу­ють всі гіл­ки кро­ни і вер­хню час­ти­ну стов­бу­ра. Ні про яке "пе­ре­ве­ден­ня на ниж­ню біч­ну гіл­ку" не йдеть­ся, то­му що жод­ної біч­ної гіл­ки ви­ко­нав­ці об­рі­зу­ван­ня заз­ви­чай не за­ли­ша­ють. Ви­да­лен­ня всіх гі­лок кро­ни за­бо­ро­не­но ук­ра­їнсь­ким за­ко­но­дав­ством, зок­ре­ма, де­ре­во із втра­тою по­над як 50 % кро­ни вва­жа­ють пош­ко­дже­ним до сту­пе­ня при­пи­нен­ня рос­ту. Нез­ва­жа­ючи на це, та­кий ме­тод об­рі­зу­ван­ня на­бу­ває що­раз біль­шої по­пу­ляр­нос­ті в ба­гатьо­х на­се­ле­них пун­ктах Ук­ра­їни. Од­нією з по­ши­ре­них при­чин є низь­ка ква­лі­фі­ка­ція пра­ців­ни­ків ко­му­наль­но­го зе­ле­но­го гос­по­дар­ства, які заз­ви­чай не ма­ють фа­хо­вої ос­ві­ти і не оз­найом­ле­ні про шко­ду зас­то­су­ван­ня то­пін­гу як ме­то­ду об­рі­зу­ван­ня. Ма­со­ве вси­хан­ня зе­ле­них на­са­джень піс­ля зас­то­су­ван­ня та­ко­го ме­то­ду стає серйоз­ною проб­ле­мою як для міс­це­вої вла­ди на­се­ле­но­го пун­кту, так і для його меш­кан­ців. Вси­ха­ючі де­ре­ва, пош­ко­дже­ні до сту­пе­ня при­пи­нен­ня рос­ту, час­то ста­ють ава­рійно не­без­печ­ни­ми і не­суть заг­ро­зу меш­кан­цям. Ще од­ним з мі­ну­сів є ха­отич­ний роз­ви­ток об­рос­та­ючих па­го­нів піс­ля об­рі­зу­ван­ня (як­що не ви­ко­ну­ва­ти їх про­рі­джен­ня), ура­жен­ня стов­бу­рів де­рев па­то­ген­ни­ми гри­ба­ми і мік­ро­ор­га­ніз­ма­ми, виг­ни­ван­ня се­ре­ди­ни стов­бу­рів та від­ла­му­ван­ня вже до­сить ве­ли­ких об­рос­та­ючих па­го­нів, і, як нас­лі­док, ран­ня за­ги­бель де­ре­ва. Пра­виль­не про­ве­ден­ня об­рі­зу­ван­ня зе­ле­них на­са­джень від­по­від­но до норм і ви­мог ук­ра­їнсь­ко­го за­ко­но­дав­ства та зі знан­ням еле­мен­тар­них пра­вил об­рі­зу­ван­ня де­рев різ­них по­рід дає змо­гу збе­рег­ти зе­ле­ні на­са­джен­ня, зро­би­ти їх ес­те­тич­но при­ваб­ли­ви­ми і при цьому ви­рі­ши­ти проб­лем­ну си­ту­ацію (нап­рик­лад, ви­да­ли­ти ава­рійні гіл­ки чи гіл­ки під елек­тро­ме­ре­жа­ми то­що).

Physiological Potencial of Seeds of Physalis Peruviana L. Depending on Different Managements

In the process of agricultural production of Cape Gooseberry, the obtaining of new plants occurs commercially by the sexual route, being the seed the main form. The physiological potential of seeds may be influenced by some cultural tracts. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological potential of Physalis peruviana L. Seeds cultivated in different stoning, pruning and harvest time systems. The experiment was carried out in Londrina PR, using a completely randomized design, in a 5x4x2 factorial scheme, with four replications, containing five harvest times of the fruits (117, 124, 130, 137 and 141 days after transplanting), Four Tutoring systems (“UEL tutoring”, “adaptive” V “tutoring”, no tutoring and “vertical tutoring”) and two types of pruning (with and without Desbrota). For the physiological potential of the seeds, first count germination, germination, germination speed index, seedling length and dry mass were performed. Data were subjected to analysis of normality and homogeneity and compared by Tukey’s tests for qualitative variables, and by linear regression tests for quantitative variables, at a 5% probability level. It was found that the desbrotte, stoning and harvesting of fruits made at 117 days after transplanting positively influenced the physiological potential of seeds of physalis peruviana L. The adapted inverted V-tutoring presented Higher value for seedling dry matter.

Supervised Machine Learning for Training a Neural Network as 5:2 Compressor

Machine Learning has achieved substantial development in numerous applications like image processing, pattern recognition, approximate computing etc. This paper interlinks supervised machine learning algorithm and VLSI architectures to train a neural network as exact and approximate 5:2 compressors. Probabilistic pruning type of approximation technique has been employed on the exact 5:2 compressor. This approximation technique on compressors reduces the power consumption with variation in the outputs without affecting the error limit. The simulation of 5:2 compressors and training of neural network using machine learning algorithm has been done using Spectre simulator of Cadence Design Systems at 45nm CMOS technology node and Keras library with TensorFlow background respectively.