Provocative Factors Research Articles

Italian S3-Guideline on the treatment of Atopic Eczema - Part 1: Systemic therapy, adapted from EuroGuiDerm by the Italian Society of Dermatology and STD (SIDEMAST), the Italian Association of Hospital Dermatologists (ADOI) and the Italian Society of Allergological and Environmental Dermatology (SIDAPA).

SIDeMaST (Società Italiana di Dermatologia Medica, Chirurgica, Estetica e delle Malattie Sessualmente Trasmesse) contributed to the development of the present guideline on the systemic treatment of chronic plaque psoriasis. With the permission of EuroGuiDerm, SIDeMaST adapted the guideline to the Italian healthcare context to supply a reliable and affordable tool to Italian physicians who take care of patients affected by atopic dermatitis. The evidence- and consensus-based guideline on atopic eczema was developed in accordance with the EuroGuiDerm Guideline and Consensus Statement Development Manual. Four consensus conferences were held between December 2020 and July 2021. Twenty-nine experts (including clinicians and patient representatives) from 12 European countries participated. This first part of the guideline includes general information on its scope and purpose, the health questions covered, target users and a methods section. It also provides guidance on which patients should be treated with systemic therapies, as well as recommendations and detailed information on each systemic drug. The systemic treatment options discussed in the guideline comprise conventional immunosuppressive drugs (azathioprine, ciclosporin, glucocorticosteroids, methotrexate and mycophenolate mofetil), biologics (dupilumab, lebrikizumab, nemolizumab, omalizumab and tralokinumab) and janus kinase inhibitors (abrocitinib, baricitinib and upadacitinib). Part two of the guideline will address avoidance of provocation factors, dietary interventions, immunotherapy, complementary medicine, educational interventions, occupational and psychodermatological aspects, patient perspective and considerations for pediatric, adolescent, pregnant and breastfeeding patients.

Italian S3-Guideline on the treatment of Atopic Eczema - Part 2: non-systemic treatments and treatment recommendations for special AE patient populations, adapted from EuroGuiDerm by the Italian Society of Dermatology and STD (SIDEMAST), the Italian Association of Hospital Dermatologists (ADOI) and the Italian Society of Allergological and Occupational Dermatology (SIDAPA).

SIDeMaST (Società Italiana di Dermatologia Medica, Chirurgica, Estetica e delle Malattie Sessualmente Trasmesse) contributed to the development of the present guideline on the systemic treatment of chronic plaque psoriasis. With the permission of EuroGuiDerm, SIDeMaST adapted the guideline to the Italian healthcare context to supply a reliable and affordable tool to Italian physicians who take care of patients affected by atopic dermatitis. The evidence- and consensus-based guideline on atopic eczema was developed in accordance with the EuroGuiDerm Guideline and Consensus Statement Development Manual. Four consensus conferences were held between December 2020 and July 2021. Twenty-nine experts (including clinicians and patient representatives) from 12 European countries participated. This second part of the guideline includes recommendations and detailed information on basic therapy with emollients and moisturizers, topical anti-inflammatory treatment, antimicrobial and antipruritic treatment and UV phototherapy. Furthermore, this part of the guideline covers techniques for avoiding provocation factors, as well as dietary interventions, immunotherapy, complementary medicine and educational interventions for patients with atopic eczema and deals with occupational and psychodermatological aspects of the disease. It also contains guidance on treatment for pediatric and adolescent patients and pregnant or breastfeeding women, as well as considerations for patients who want to have a child. A chapter on the patient perspective is also provided. The first part of the guideline, published separately, contains recommendations and guidance on systemic treatment with conventional immunosuppressive drugs, biologics and janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, as well as information on the scope and purpose of the guideline, and a section on guideline methodology.

NAT2 Gene Variants as a Provocative Factor for the Severe Course of COVID-19 Pneumonia in Ukrainian Patients

Background: Previous studies indicate a close relationship between the severity of COVID-19 and oxidative stress. N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) is an enzyme that metabolizes a wide range of xenobiotics and plays an important role in the regulation of reactive oxygen species, consequently contributing to the development of oxidative stress. Aim: To determine the impact of NAT2 gene variants on the risk of developing and the progression of severe COVID-19-associated pneumonia in patients from the Poltava region of Ukraine. Methods: The study included 117 patients who were diagnosed with severe COVID-19 pneumonia and received treatment in the intensive care unit. The NAT2 gene variants were identified through the PCR-RFLP method. Results: The presence of the AA genotype of the A803G variant in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia is associated with an almost 3-fold reduction in the risk of lethal outcomes. The presence of the TT genotype of the C481T variant was associated with the need for artificial lung ventilation. Patients in the study group with a heterozygous GA genotype of the G590A variant demonstrated a notable rise in the risk of developing systemic inflammatory response syndrome and acute respiratory distress syndrome, with a nearly 2.5-fold and 3-fold increase, respectively. The G857A variant was not associated with the risk of developing the above-- mentioned complications in the examined patients. Conclusion: The obtained results suggested that the NAT2 gene variants might influence the incidence, course, and adverse consequences of COVID-19.

ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ФАКТОРЫ ВОЗНИКНОВЕНИЯ КОНФЛИКТОВ В ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ СОТРУДНИКОВ ОРГАНОВ ВНУТРЕННИХ ДЕЛ

The article examines the problem of the emergence of conflicts in the professional activities of employees of internal affairs bodies; an analysis of domestic and foreign works on the research problem is carried out; the relevance of scientific understanding of the reasons for the growth of conflict and tension in the team is substantiated; The results of our own research aimed at identifying psychological factors in the emergence of conflicts among employees are presented. The sample is represented by 80 employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for the Stavropol Territory. During the study, methodological tools were used aimed at identifying psychological factors that contribute to the emergence of conflicts: personal characteristics underlying the subject’s tendency to conflict; features of the emotional sphere, manifested in the professional behavior of employees and allowing to identify the presence of the syndrome and the leading symptoms of emotional burnout; features of employee perception of interpersonal and socio-psychological contradictions that arise in the group, the combination of which can provoke conflicts. Based on the analysis of empirical data, conclusions were made that a certain combination of personal and emotional properties of employees, features of the perception of contradictions, which, from the point of view of the subjects, manifest themselves in the work team and which relate to both interpersonal and professional spheres of interaction, can become provocative factors of conflicts.

Trigeminal neuralgia and cerebrovascular malformations. Two cases presentation

Two rare cases of combined pathology, representing trigeminal neuralgia caused by cerebrovascular malformations (cavernous malformation, arteriovenous malformation), are detailed and analyzed. The study involved two patients, a 39-year-old woman and a 63-year-old man, with pain syndrome along the V2‒V3 branches of the left trigeminal nerve that was resistant to medical therapy. Neurological status otherwise unchanged. After thorough examination, neurosurgical treatment was performed in the form of microsurgical decompression of the trigeminal neuralgia via a retrosigmoid approach to the cerebellopontine angle and removal/mobilization of the cerebrovascular malformation, significantly improving the patients' overall condition and providing long-term pain-free postoperative periods: 5 years in the first and 6 months in the second cases.Trigeminal neuralgia may be the initial or sole manifestation of existing cerebrovascular malformations. Standard evaluation of patients with trigeminal neuralgia includes MRI of the brain using 3D sequences, particularly T2-weighted 3D DRIVE mode, for better visualization of vascular-nerve structures to identify the provocative factor, although this mode does not always provide complete reliable information regarding the microstructural features of the cerebellopontine angle. Accordingly, the surgeon must always be prepared for both standard microvascular decompression surgery and work with pathological vascular formations without disrupting blood flow in this area of the brainstem. Decompression of the trigeminal nerve root with maximal possible removal or isolation of the compressive factor plays an important role in the treatment of pain syndrome and is effective when properly performed.

The differential diagnosis of medical and psychogenic disease in primary care.

Diagnosis and management of psychogenic diseases such as conversion disorder, somatic symptom disorder (SSD), illness anxiety disorder, falsehood disorder, and psychotic disorder require an elaborate biopsychosocial approach and are often challenging. Herein, we propose the following points to differentiate medical diseases from these psychogenic diseases: correspondence between symptoms and objective findings or activities of daily living (ADL) impairment; placebo effect; clear provocative or palliative factors; progressive time course; paroxysmal or intermittent symptoms; unfamiliar but not strange expressions; symptoms worsen during sleep or rest.

College youth and cyberbullying: before and during the Covid 19 pandemic

Cyberbullying or cyberbullying has increased considerably since the massive use of social networks, among other reasons due to confinement. The purpose of this research is to know if there are significant differences or similarities in students involved in cyberbullying episodes in roles of perpetuation and victimization before and during the COVID19 pandemic during the years of 2019 and 2020 from gender. Two hundred students (57% female and 43% male) participated. Within the methodology, a Cyberbullying Questionnaire, (CBQ) was used, which measures participation in cyberbullying, in two of the roles (bully and victimized). The statistical procedure was to calculate the medians of each sample and compare them using the Mann-Witney U test. The results showed that there is no significant increase since only in two items of the sexting factor (bullying role) and another item of the incendiary provocation factor (victimization role), there was a significant difference between the two samples applied, concluding and providing information on the increase of cyberbullying.

STUDY OF THE FEATURES OF ACADEMIC PROCRASTINATION OF YOUTH STUDENTS

This article delves into the concept of academic procrastination as a psychological phenomenon that serves as a significant barrier to personal development and lies at the core of the issue of an individual's incapacity to shape a cohesive life vision. This vision encompasses both short-term and long-term planning, goal-setting, and behavior geared toward self-realization. Various approaches to comprehending the essence of this phenomenon, including psychodynamic, behavioral, and cognitive perspectives, are examined. The study reveals that academic procrastination is a considerable issue among student youth, with 75% exhibiting a high level of academic procrastination. Among students in the 3rd and 4th years, a greater inclination towards elevated levels of academic procrastination is observed, whereas 1st and 2nd-year students display higher motivation and less inclination towards procrastination. This could be associated with shifts in study habits and increased workload upon transitioning to higher years. Students in the 3rd and 4th years necessitate the development of time management strategies and overcoming procrastination to attain success. The primary cause of academic procrastination among student youth, according to survey results, is academic perfectionism (76%), while a lack of academic motivation and anxiety are identified as less provocative factors. Approximately half of the respondents are found to be internals, the majority of whom possess a moderate level of internal stimuli orientation. In contrast, 55% of the respondents are classified as externals, relying more on external factors in their academic pursuits.

Remarkable anecdotes illustrating the nature and effect of seizure-precipitating factors in Border Collies with idiopathic epilepsy.

Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurological syndromes in dogs and has serious implications for the quality of life of both the dogs and owners. Seizure-precipitating factors (SPFs) (also termed "triggers" or "provocative factors") have been studied and reported in both humans and dogs with idiopathic epilepsy. In dogs stress, hormones, sleep deprivation, and the weather have been reported as SPFs. The Border Collie (BC) is a breed of dog that is predisposed to idiopathic epilepsy, and the outcome is often poor. BC is described as a very sensitive dog with a strong focus on their owners, and this may have an influence on their and their owners' stress level. In this article, we described six unrelated BCs with idiopathic epilepsy in which several remarkable SPFs were identified, and avoiding them improved the outcome of these dogs. The possible SPFs were different for each dog. The SPFs were, among others, the other dog in the family, the lack of intellectual challenge, the presence of an autistic child, a busy street, the relation with the owner, and throwing a ball at the beach. These cases illustrate that recognizing the SPF(s) and taking measures with regard to management can lead to a reduction in epileptic seizure frequency or even achieving seizure freedom.

P09.04.B PNES IN BRAIN TUMOR PATIENTS : AN UNEXPECTED CHALLENGE

Abstract BACKGROUND Epileptic seizures (ES) are common in brain tumor patients. The phenomenon of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) amongst those patients has not been well described. PNES Phenomenology could be similar to ES, however, epileptogenic activity on electro-encephalogram (EEG) is absent. The diagnosis of PNES can be challenging in brain tumor patients since both types of seizures can present with similar symptoms and might occur together. Risk factors for the development of PNES include a history of negative events in childhood, exposure to trauma, history of psychiatric illness and chronic pain, and substance abuse. Diagnosing PNES is important for delivering the appropriate treatment, and preventing the toxic influence of unneeded treatment and procedures. MATERIAL AND METHODS The Electronic files of patients with ES and PNES were evaluated, in A retrospective analysis from the database of the Neuro-Oncology unit at Sheba Medical-Center. RESULTS 4 patients with brain tumor related epilepsy and PNES were identified: a female 22 years old with right frontal IDH1 mutated non 1p/19q deleted glioma WHO2, a 44 years old male with right frontal IDH1 mutated 1p/19q deleted glioma WHO2, a 48 years old female with left temporo-insular IDH1 mutated non 1p/19q deleted glioma WHO2 and a 65 years old female with multiple radiation induced meningiomas. Seizures semiology were compatible with the lesions. The first two patients had recent stress factors, and the last two suffered severe diagnosis-related anxiety. All patients presented initially with ES and developed PNES subsequently. They were treated with 2-4 Anti-Epileptic drugs(AED’s). They were referred to EEG video monitoring due to worsening seizures frequency despite increasing the AED’s and no evidence of tumor progression at that time. All patients had clinical seizures which did not have any epileptiform activity correlation on Video-EEG. Hence, PNES was diagnosed. Three patients underwent psychological treatment and two patients received medical therapy for underlying psychological factors contributing to PNES. Seizure frequency and number of AED's decreased in all patients. CONCLUSION In patients with brain tumors the diagnosis of PNES can be challenging but should be considered in patients with increased seizures frequency regardless of stable imaging and absence of any other provocative factors. Video EEG is pivotal for PNES diagnosis. Psychological consulting and treatment are recommended in PNES cases. Correct diagnosis and treatment will contribute to the patient's quality of life.

Psychological characteristics of entrepreneurs working in stress-related conditions

The relevance of the study is due to the growth of stress-related conditions of entrepreneurs’ activity in Ukraine in 2020-2023. The purpose of the study is to highlight the results of an examination of emotional intelligence, psychosocial stress, and character accentuations of entrepreneurs working in stress-related conditions. Among the key research methods is the psychosocial stress scale of L. Reeder, emotional intelligence test questionnaire of N. Hall, definition of character accentuations of Leonhard – H. Schmieschek. The professional activities of 90 entrepreneurs in the conditions of COVID-19 and 90 entrepreneurs in the conditions of war in the period 2021-2023 were examined. In both groups, the established high level of emotional intelligence was characterised by the ability to be aware of emotions and feelings, the average – by the potential for development, and the low required development. A strong correlation was identified between “emotional awareness” and “recognition of other people’s emotions”, which characterised restraint in the manifestation of emotions. Entrepreneurs working in war conditions were identified to have a reduced ability to manage emotions and low self-motivation. It was identified that psychosocial stress was manifested by psychosomatic complaints and impulsive decisions, aggressiveness, intolerance to the opinions of others, and anger. A high level of stress was accompanied by a deterioration in concentration, memory, and performance. It is proved that the tendency to accentuation due to provocative emotional factors increased to accentuation, and pedantry, hyperthymicity, emotionality create the basis for conflicts. It was determined that the pathogenetic path of conflict development was evasion as a specific social behaviour in stress-associated conditions of activity, and ignoring the problem was the basic behaviour in conflict with the desire to avoid acute situations and decisions ‒ “tactics of presence without signs of active intervention”. Two types of accentuations associated with the negative impact on the emotional intelligence of businessmen were identified: getting stuck or dysthymia in the first group, which worked during COVID-19, and the dominance of anxious and emotional traits in the second group, members of which had to work in war conditions. It is noted that in both groups, entrepreneurial activity was characterised as “rather dysfunctional and unsatisfactory”. The practical importance of the study lies in the ability to consider the identified psychological characteristics in providing assistance to entrepreneurs working in stress-related conditions.

Acute myocardial infarction and pulmonary embolism in a young serviceman with a mutation of the plasminogen activator inhibitor gene type 1

The clinical case of acute myocardial infarction and pulmonary embolism in a young soldier with the first occurred protracted attack of angina. The survey found the link between these conditions and gene mutation of type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor that plays a key role in fibrinolysis by inhibiting the formation of plasmin and leading to slowdown in fibrinolysis processes and a longer-term persistence of blood clot. It is proven that homozygous 4G/4G mutation found in the patient results in the development of arterial and venous thrombosis at a young age and is associated with a tendency to relapse. It clearly shows that hereditary thrombophilia is characterized by the absence of obvious provocative factor and single universal diagnostic algorithm; the diagnosis is based on the comprehensive evaluation of laboratory data.

Clinical characteristics and risk factors for new-onset cervicogenic headache following elective craniotomy.

Clinical characteristics and risk factors for new-onset cervicogenic headache following elective craniotomy.

Cytogenetic Effects in the Bone Marrow of Animals Living in Conditions of Increased Natural Radiation Background

We studied the cytogenetic effects in the bone marrow cells of root voles (Alexandromys (Microtus) oeconomus Pall.), which lived in areas contaminated with uranium and radium, as a result of the operation of radium mining (radium site) and the storage of its waste (uranium-radium site) (Komi Republic). The level and nature of mutational effects in voles from radioactively contaminated areas indicates the persistence of an increased frequency of chromosome aberrations and the appearance of individuals with an altered karyotype, which indicates genetic instability. When determining the nature of the dynamics of the mutation process in the studied populations, a high frequency of cells with micronuclei was noted in voles from the radium area, with the exception of the phase of population decline. In experiments with the use of provocative factors of chemical (urethane) and radiation (acute γ-irradiation) nature, an increase in the stability of bone marrow cells of animals living in conditions of increased background radiation has been shown.

Psychological profile and prerequisites for the formation of the killer’s personality

The relevance of the study is conditioned upon the elevated level of crime and scientific interest in determining the prerequisites for murders that are individual in nature, develop into a series of hidden intentions and have complex consequences for the life of society. Clarifying the psychological causes of serious crimes is important for preventive work in the defined area. The purpose of this study was to determine the personality traits of murderers, to identify the prerequisites for the formation of criminal behaviour, to investigate the classification and rating of serial crimes by cruelty and methods, to analyse statistical data on the commission of murders. In the study of the nature of serial murders, the following methods were used: the method of analysis and synthesis, the biographical method, the statistical method, and the generalization method. Using theoretical analysis, the psychological root causes of homicide drives, their main features and methods of implementation, and gender characteristics regarding the strength of committing a crime were identified; the data obtained were confirmed by real statistical indicators. The study highlighted the problem of increasing criminal cases caused by the mental state of the individual. The features of the psychology of the killer were covered, and the influence of childhood and life circumstances on the formation of the internal urge to commit murder was substantiated. The factors that encourage violence were identified. The types of serial killers were identified, and the “handwriting” of crime execution was analysed. The essence of impulsive and serial murder was delineated, and the concept of moral statistics as a provocative factor in committing a crime was covered. A psychological portrait of a serial killer was formed. Features of early research at the level of physiology and genetics were established. The presented theoretical material not only serves as an informational resource but can also be used in carrying out preventive measures related to early education, the methods of which have a preventive and correctional impact.

PCOS in Adolescents-Ongoing Riddles in Diagnosis and Treatment.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age. A diagnosis of PCOS is established when a patient exhibits two of three Rotterdam criteria: oligoovulation or anovulation, excess androgen activity, and polycystic ovarian morphology. The pathogenesis of PCOS, as it affects adolescents, is often discussed in terms of a "two-hit" theory. This refers to a stepwise process in which the first "hit" is an inborn congenitally programmed predisposition, while the second "hit" arises from a provocative factor such as insulin resistance. The dynamic physiological and anatomical changes which occur in puberty make for a challenging diagnosis in this group of patients. It is important to be mindful of the physiological particularities in adolescence which often mimic the symptoms of PCOS. In their first-year post-menarche, approximately 75% of menstruating adolescents report their cycle to last between 21-45 days. Recent studies have shown that regular menstrual cyclicity is only achieved within 2-3 years post-menarche. Anovulation, as a crucial diagnostic element for PCOS, features in about half of early-post-menarchal adolescents. Hirsutism and acne are the most common clinical manifestations of hyperandrogenism, and mild features are developed by most adolescents as a result of elevated androgen levels. Distinguishing between a pathological sign and normal features of maturation is often difficult. A polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) through ultrasound has been found in up to 40%, 35%, and 33.3% of patients when assessed at 2, 3, and 4 years, respectively, after menarche. PCOM in adolescence is not associated with future abnormalities in ovulatory rate or menstrual cycle duration. For this reason, international guidelines recommend against the use of pelvic ultrasound until 8 years post-menarche. The primary aim of management is focused mainly on improving hormonal and metabolic status, the prevention of future comorbid complications, and generally improving the overall quality of life in young women with PCOS. Considerable controversy surrounds the choice of optimal pharmacological treatment to address PCOS in adolescents. Reliable studies, which include this sub-section of the population, are very limited. There is a lack of robust and reliable trials in the literature addressing the use of combined oral contraceptives. Further work needs to be undertaken in order to provide safe and effective care to the adolescent population in this regard.

A study on assessment of Agnibala and Koshtha in Amavata and their association with inflammatory markers in R.A.

Introduction: Mandagni has been considered one of the primary indigenous factors for the manifestation of Amavata, so there might be the effect of the causative factors affecting the status of Agnibala of an individual. Hence an attempt can be made to observe the status of Agnibala and Koshta with particular reference to different inflammatory markers present in subjects of Aamvata. Material and Method: The main goal of the study was to evaluate the Agnibala and Koshtha of the Amavata Patients and to determine the relationship between Agni and Koshtha with the inflammatory parameters of Rheumatoid Arthritis as the characteristics of Amavata are similar to Rheumatoid Arthritis. The aims and Objectives of the study include the Assessment of Koshtha using a self-developed Standard Proforma for Koshtha Assessment (KAQ). Agnibala, using a standard proforma developed by Singh A et al., 2016. Amavata patients were encouraged to undertake Haematological examinations along with Investigations of Inflammatory markers of Rheumatoid arthritis and their reports were collected and analysed for additional statistical analysis. BHU's CCI lab and other standard laboratories were used for the research. The data were then statistically analysed. Results and Conclusion: According to the Agni Bala assessment from this study, it can be said that Mandagni is the main causative factor for the development of Amavata. A good correlation has been found between symptoms of Amavata and ACR criteria of Rheumatoid Arthritis from this study. A significant association was found between Madhyam Koshtha and Amavata as provocative factors. There is also a significant correlation found between Koshtha and Agni.

Psoriasis in Northern Saudi Arabia: Clinical features and implications for quality of life.

Introduction:Psoriasis is a chronic non-contagious inflammatory skin disorder, which might impair patient’s social relationships, limit leisure activities, and lower self-esteem. Psoriasis patients might be stigmatized leading to psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression.Objectives:This study aimed to outline the clinical features of psoriasis and its effects on quality of life, and the feeling of stigmatization among psoriasis patients.Methods:This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted on 109 adult psoriasis patients in Arar City, Saudi Arabia. The study collected data on socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of psoriasis patients, self-reported psoriasis severity using the self-assessment Simplified Psoriasis Index (sa-SPI-s), patients’ quality of life using the dermatological life quality index (DLQI), and the feeling of stigmatization using the six-items stigmatization scale.Results:The mean age of psoriasis onset in studied patients was 20 (±7.65) years, females represented 58.72%, and 22% were unemployed. Joint and nail affection were reported in 46.79% and 51.38%, respectively. One third of patients had positive family history of psoriasis. Seasonal variation, life stressors, smoking and skin injuries were frequent provocative factors for psoriasis lesions. The average sa-SPI-s was 10.08 (±10.41), which was correlated with patients’ ages, disease duration, obesity, and pruritis. The average DLQI and six-items stigmatization scale for psoriasis patients were 8.95 (±5.77) and 7.61 (±4.5), respectively that were correlated with sa-SPI-s.Conclusion:The clinical manifestations and chronicity of psoriasis impaired patients’ quality of life and accompanied with social stigma due to skin disfigurement. These effects need to be addressed for better care of patients.

Community Rejection That Causes Damage to Company Assets for Hydroelectric Power Plant Development

This study aims to determine the factors causing the crime of destruction of company assets owned by PT. SEKO POWER PRIMA related to the hydropower development plan in the Seko sub-district and to find out the efforts that the authorities can take in dealing with the crime of destroying company assets belonging to PT. PRIMA POWER SEKO. This research was conducted in North Luwu Regency, especially North Luwu Police Station and Seko District. The research method used in data collection is field research and library research. The study's results indicate that (1) the factors causing the crime of destruction of company assets owned by PT. Seko Power Prima is related to the hydropower development plan in Seko District generally due to several factors, namely the fear of losing cultural sites, provocation factors, lack of security factors, fear of population relocation, economic and educational factors, and coercion of will (2) Countermeasures carried out by the authorities law enforcement is a repressive effort as well as a pre-emptive effort.

Formation of communicative and compensatory competence of students of the basic school within the framework of horizontal-facilitary interaction

Introduction. In connection with the development of integration and globalization processes in many spheres of human life, the problem of expanding interstate and interpersonal contacts becomes relevant. These circumstances are also extrapolated to the plane of the education system, where there is currently a change in the traditional knowledge paradigm of competence. At the same time, the image of the modern student is also changing. Today, young people are in demand who can freely enter into contacts, communicate with representatives of other cultures, while being aware of their cultural identity. This problem is mega-relevant for primary school students, since they have much less resources to overcome emerging difficulties than older schoolchildren and students, which they could use to overcome communication barriers that arise under the influence of age-related changes due to mental instability, lack of lexical and ethnocultural knowledge, dominant offline pressure of social networks and other provocative communication factors. The listed difficulties of communication in both native and foreign languages contribute to the formation of risk factors for reducing the educational motivation of students and affect academic success in general. Therefore, it is objectively necessary to talk about the formation of communicative-compensatory competence among students of the basic school, which contributes to the implementation of strategic moves leading to a successful and constructive dialogue with any communication partner, and about finding ways to intensify this process.Materials and Methods. The goal was achieved using such methods of scientific and pedagogical research as analysis of thematic literature, comparative and system analysis, expert survey, questioning, conducting experiments, and the author's own observations.Results. The author's interpretations of such leading categories of research as communicative-compensatory competence are given, considered in a two-vector perspective - communicative and compensatory; horizontally facilitative interaction between the teacher and students. The authors of the article analyzed the feasibility of implementing this interaction for the formation of the studied competence and empirically proved the effectiveness of its functioning. The main form of horizontal-facilitative interaction is the cooperation of a teacher and students, built on democratic principles, focused on a common result, which is equally understood by all participants in communicative interaction. The formation of communicative-compensatory competence is impossible within the framework of the classical model of the educational process, where the teacher occupies a dominant or frontal position. In the process of experimental work on the formation of the communicative and compensatory competence of general school students, within the framework of horizontal facilitation interaction, such innovative methods and techniques as the flipped class model were used in the Tolles Diktat linguistic dictation project, participation in an online forum, creation comics, approbation of a linguistic twister; acquaintance with compensatory strategies through the implementation of the project "Compensatory Dictionary"; performing trainings to consolidate linguistic memory and update vocabulary in the form of animated situational role-playing games, Memory, literary correlation analysis, etc. The results of experimental work and their analysis testify to the effectiveness of the implementation of horizontal-facilitative interaction between the teacher and students of the general school in terms of the formation of the studied competence.Discussion and Conclusions. An analysis of the concept of “communicative-compensatory competence”, the features of the process of its formation allows us to conclude the following: the functioning of the horizontally facilitative interaction between the teacher and students ensures the effective formation of the studied competence. The next step we see is the development of a program of pedagogical support for the process of formation of the studied competence of high school students.