Provision Of Efficiency Research Articles

МЕТОДИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ОЦІНКИ ТЕХНІЧНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ АГРОБІЗНЕСУ

The technical base is the material basis for the production capabilities of farms. The availability of machinery and the efficiency of its use are determined by the strategic development of enterprises. The issues of formation and efficient use of the resource potential of enterprises in order to increase the competitiveness of agriculture and the national economy as a whole are becoming increasingly important. To date, agroeconomic science has formed the main methodological directions for assessing technical support: the first involves determining its absolute value, and the second - the normative value based on available technical resources. Quantitative assessment of the production potential is established by determining the total value of technical resources at the disposal of agricultural enterprises. This involves comparing heterogeneous production resources (monetary valuation of all components of the resource potential, valuation of technical resources in natural units, determination of their quantity and value per area of agricultural land, etc. The normative value of fixed production assets is calculated in accordance with the performance indicator (the amount of a certain type of product produced, yield, average milk yield, etc.). The analysis of the provision of agricultural enterprises with technical means can be carried out according to the following scheme: assessment of the provision of technical means and efficiency of enterprises; financial analysis of enterprises' activities, comparative analysis; organization of the procedure for assessing the technical resources of enterprises. Three methodological approaches are used for generalized assessment of technical support in agriculture. They are based on various statistical models (deterministic and stochastic) that substantiate the link between the availability of technical resources and production outcomes; normative (standardized) values of the availability of certain types of technical resources, the total availability of which is correlated with the average or base value; and monetary assessment of the components of the technical and technological base of agriculture. The specified indicators make it possible to analyze more deeply changes in the absolute and specific sizes of the main means of production for various production purposes, including technical resources, their species composition and structure over a number of years, average annual growth rates and growth, which makes it possible to establish trends in the dynamics and their movement, apply their rational road structure and dimensions, which ensures the growth of indicators of economic activity, outline and develop recommendations for improving the structure of the material and technical base, its effective use.

Between Care and Control: Examining Surveillance Practices in Harm Reduction.

As harm reduction programs and services proliferate, people who use drugs (PWUD) are increasingly subjected to surveillance through the collection of their personal information, systematic observation, and other means. The data generated from these practices are frequently repurposed across various institutional sites for clinical, evaluative, epidemiological, and administrative uses. Rationales provided for increased surveillance include the more effective provision of care, service optimization, risk stratification, and efficiency in resource allocation. With this in mind, our reflective essay draws on empirical analysis of work within harm reduction services and movements to reflect critically on the impacts and implications of surveillance expansion. While we argue that many surveillance practices are not inherently problematic or harmful, the unchecked expansion of surveillance under a banner of health and harm reduction may contribute to decreased uptake of services, rationing and conditionalities tied to service access, the potential deepening of health disparities amongst some PWUD, and an overlay of health and criminal-legal systems. In this context, surveillance relies on the enlistment of a range of therapeutic actors and reflects the permeable boundary between care and control. We thus call for a broader critical dialogue within harm reduction on the problems and potential impacts posed by surveillance in service settings, the end to data sharing of health information with law enforcement and other criminal legal actors, and deference to the stated need among PWUD for meaningful anonymity when accessing harm reduction and health services.

Multicountry study protocol of COCOON: COntinuing Care in COVID-19 Outbreak global survey of New, expectant, and bereaved parent experiences

IntroductionGlobally, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted the provision of healthcare and efficiency of healthcare systems and is likely to have profound implications for pregnant and postpartum women and their...

Authentic routine ship-shore communication in the Northern Adriatic Sea area – A corpus analysis of discourse features

In the global maritime industry, ineffective and ambiguous communication often is a main or contributing cause of shipping accidents. Nevertheless, because of the limited availability of authentic data, quantitative studies in maritime communication are rare. In addition, previous studies seem to have used the Standard Marine Communication Phrases as the prescriptive maritime communication standard, thus overlooking the superordinate role of the Manual for Use by the Maritime Mobile and Maritime Mobile-Satellite Services published by the International Telecommunication Union. Therefore, this paper uses a specialised spoken corpus of authentic routine ship-shore communication to quantify the rate of compliance of authentic routine ship-shore communication with the standard protocol of communication for ships and shore services as the key communication agents in the provision of navigational safety and efficiency. The findings show that authentic routine ship-shore communication still significantly deviates from the standard protocol of communication. In addition, the rate of compliance varies across the analysed elements and between the two communication agents examined in this study. Finally, the results indicate the need for harmonisation between the documents that define the standard protocol of communication.

ELABORATION AND RESEARCHES OF APPARATUS OF CONTROL FOR HYDROPONIC INSTALLATIONS

Introduction of hydroponic installations is a prospective direction of agriculture, while they allow to get all-the-year-round fresh vegetables, fruits and greenery, including their exotic kinds for some regions. For provision of high efficiency of this equipment (minimal expenses of energy, materials and time, maximal productivity of the plants) there is important to supply the plants with optimal quantity of nutrients (nitrogen, potassium, sulfur, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, natrium), microelements (iron, boron, iodine, copper, zinc, cobalt, molybdenum, manganese), acids, salts. Herewith concentration of some from these additives can amount several milligrammes. So, an actual task is an accurate batching of the components of nutrients. There are several variants of an equipment for the accurate batching of liquid solutions: valves with electric control for feeding of fuel in jet engines (they have high price because of utilization of expensive materials in their construction), hydraulic engines with periodic turns of executive element for angle less than 360o (don’t provide exact regulation of turning angle) and linear electric-hydraulic engines (have other designation and design that demands of improvement). Authors propose a scheme of improved apparatus for accurate batching of the components of nutrients hydroponic installations, created at the base of the linear electric-hydraulic engine. The apparatus has a simple and reliable design and provides a possibility of high accurate batching of the components of nutrients. There are cited equations and formulas for definition of main working parameters of the apparatus, that can be used for creation of its method of design calculation.

Comparative analysis of physical methods of transport disinfection

Transport is an object of mass concentration of people where workers and passengers are likely to be exposed to pathogens of infectious diseases. 95% are diseases that do not respond effectively to the effects of specific prophylaxis, influenza and acute respiratory viral infections. Currently, measures to contain the infection have led to a restriction of transport activity. In such conditions, the development of effective ways to prevent the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases transmitted by airborne droplets, not controlled by means of specific prevention, as well as the preservation of the health of transport industry workers, is particularly relevant. The aim of the study is to determine the location and type of air disinfection device in the driver's cabin of a railway vehicle and the passenger compartment of a sitting car with various breathing options (natural exhalation, cough, sneezing). To determine the location and capacity of the decontamination plant, the mathematical method of gas-dynamic calculations using solid-state three-dimensional models was used. The study was performed in the SolidWorks software package, using the FlowSimulation module to solve the system of nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations. The trajectories of air flows from human breathing in the cab of the vehicle are calculated taking into account the influence of ventilation. Research on the effectiveness of disinfection was carried out by a certified laboratory in the operating conditions of the vehicle. The results of the calculation allowed us to establish that it is advisable to place devices for physical disinfection of air in the cab of the vehicle at the level of the information panel on the left side or directly in the center. The basis for choosing the technical characteristics of the device for air disinfection should be information about the maximum speed of particles approaching the information panel, which is equal to 2.2-3 m/s. The safest method of disinfection of the air environment of vehicles is the use of closed UV radiation installations, the effectiveness of which is confirmed in the course of a full-scale experiment. It is concluded that the formation of an infection zone when an infected person is in the cab or cabin of a vehicle largely depends on the duration of his stay in the cabin, the intensity of breathing and the use of personal protective equipment. The advantage of closed UV radiation installations is the simultaneous provision of high disinfection efficiency and satisfaction of all safety requirements (chemical, environmental, fire, electrical, etc.), as well as the possibility of using the method in the presence of people. The analysis of the regulatory and technical documentation showed that UV irradiators are the only type of disinfection equipment that meets the requirements of domestic legislation in the field of sanitary and epidemiological welfare.

Blended Learning for Teaching Professionally Oriented Foreign and Native Languages

The work represents a new approach to the technology of blended learning. This new vision was developed during the period of online education in 2020-2021. The research shows relevance in the framework of developing high efficiency of professionally-oriented language education. Blended learning is an educational technology that has been theoretically developed in various countries over the past decades. Blended learning was and still is mostly understood as a combination of offline and online education as delivery methods; at present, such training involves a flexible combination of formats, in different proportions. The aim of the rese4arch is combining different types of delivery methods, pedagogical strategies, and tactics according to the needs of a particular student or a group of students. In Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), we provide teaching of both foreign and native professionally-oriented languages. In the situation of the COVID-19 Pandemic, we started to use new approaches to education. One of the ideas was to use a blended learning technique mixing two language disciplines. This approach turned out to improve the efficiency of the teaching process in unprecedented conditions due to the inclusion of all the skills and systems of languages. We developed general speech culture, intuitive linguistic flair, enlarged students’ active vocabulary, improved soft skills (flexible skills) of a non-linguistic type, which include critical thinking, teamwork, and creativity. The main task of developing and introducing this new approach was the provision of efficiency of teaching professionally-oriented language skills.

TECHNOLOGICAL REENGINEERING IN THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF INNOVATIVE TRANSFORMATIONS

The article considers operations research methods and system analysis for solving dynamic production management problems related to increasing its flexibility. The most important elements characterizing the effectiveness of the management process are the state of the management object and the presence of certain production opportunities to change its state. The organization of effective production management in the process of innovative transformations leads to the need to consider the general scheme of managing the entire complex of works carried out during this period as a complex dynamic system, which at the stage of introducing innovations is not yet sufficiently adapted to production and technological transformations due to the wide variety of alternatives for implementing the functions of such a system. It is outlined that effective methods of system analysis have not yet been developed due to the complexity and diversity of the boundary conditions of the activities of various machine-building enterprises. However, the permanent nature of the innovative transformations of their production base allows drawing a conclusion about the perspective of the simultaneous application of the technological reengineering methodology for the management system. It is substantiated that the preliminary modeling when solving the tasks of managing the production process and performing specific works on technological rehabilitation should be built taking into account the provision of the necessary efficiency of the control system. This can ensure its technological rehabilitation. The mathematical model of the interrelationship of elements that are key to increasing the efficiency of the management system at the industrial enterprise that is conducting technological rehabilitation of its production base, and which are determined by a complex of functional management tasks, is proposed. Keywords: innovative transformations, process, management, organization, production base, parameters, project.

НАПРЯМИ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ СЕКТОРУ ФІНАНСОВИХ ПОСЛУГ ТА ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ПЛАТІЖНИХ ОПЕРАЦІЙ У ЦИФРОВІЙ ЕКОНОМІЦІ

As a result of the rapid development of information technology, there is a transition to a digital economy that encompasses the field of financial services and creates a FinTech industry. Given the role of financial services in the national economy, it is necessary to research the directions of digitalization of the financial services. Due to an intensive expansion of the Fin-Tech industry, one of the key issues is a provision of economic efficiency being especially relevant for payment transactions. The growth of demand for payment services is substantiated, the bases and features of digitalization of the financial services sector are determined. Aspects of understanding and components of the FinTech industry are specified, its essential characteris-tics and features are defined. The main areas and directions of using digital financial technologies, which form the segments of FinTech industry, are separated. The advantages and disadvantages of the FinTech industry are formulated, paying attention to its functions in the national economy. The problem of efficiency in the FinTech industry is substantiated. The specificity of elec-tronic payment transactions is explained, its comparison with traditional methods is performed. Focusing on risk management measures, the main directions of increasing the efficiency of electronic payment transactions (provision of payment services) are identified.

Ensuring Energy Efficiency Of Air Permeability Of Interfloor Ceilings In The Sections Of Nodal Connections

This research paper discusses the provision of energy efficiency for air permeability of interfloor ceilings in the sections of nodal connections. Resistance to air permeability is the possibility of using the proposed method of device thermal liners, which accordingly increase the durability of the building.

Ensuring energy efficiency at pharmaceutical enterprises in the paradigm of reducing the technogenic load on the environment

In this paper, the approaches to optimizing the environmental management system at pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises and the environmental policy of pharmaceutical corporations in general were proposed. In the course of the study, it has turned out that the indicators of the negative impact on the environment as a result of the economic activities of industrial pharmaceutical enterprises do not take into account all the specific features of technological processes. At modern pharmaceutical enterprises, direct environmental risks are minimized at working areas and, in fact, their assessment is replaced by the calculation of barrier and isolation measures, which is in the competence of calculating sanitary and epidemiological risks only for employees of enterprises. In the course of pre-design, design work and the creation of pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises, owing to the requirements and mandatory application of GxP, in fact, the negative impact on the environment at the enterprise itself within the boundaries of its sanitary zone is reduced to zero. However, a number of questions remain to be resolved, including how and to what extent a pharmaceutical business entity, in the course of its activities, causes a negative impact on the environment outside its location.
 With this article, we begin series of publications of the results of our research in the direction of multilateral analysis of environmental risks in pharmaceutical organizations of different profiles and groups of pharmaceutical companies, united into separate corporate companies.
 Compared to those approaches to assessing environmental risks as a result of the activities of pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises, which are mainly focused on meeting the GxP requirements and relate to the quality of manufactured pharmaceutical products, we propose to take into account information with an emphasis, inter alia, on the energy saving policy of the Russian pharmaceutical industry.
 The main goal of an integrated approach to the development of environmental policy and environmental management system in the pharmaceutical industry is for the management of manufacturing enterprises to comprehensively monitor and assess all environmental risks and energy conservation, in particular, taking into account the provision of energy efficiency to reduce the negative impact on the environment.

THE PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPING THE DISTANCE EMPLOYMENT UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF CORONOMICS IN GEORGIA

THE PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPING THE DISTANCE EMPLOYMENT UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF CORONOMICS IN GEORGIA

SEARCH AND SELECTION OF OUTSOURCING CONTRACTOR FOR AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE

Introduction. The article is devoted to solving one of the important tasks of outsourcing – assessing the potential of the applicant company for executing the activity, business process, functions that the customer company must outsource because their independent implementation requires significant time and resources. The algorithm of step-by-step selection of the outsourcing partner-executor starting from the study of the outsourcing services market is determined. The evaluation criteria by types are considered and classified. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the methodical approach to the selection of an outsourcing partner based on the criteria of timely provision of services, their quality and efficiency. Results. It is offered to carry out a verbal assessment of the candidate for outsourcers according to organizational, social, economic, legal criteria. It is established that among the economic criteria it is necessary to calculate indicators: timely provision of services, their quality and efficiency. It is proposed to compare the value of the assessment of the candidate's economic criteria with the outsourcing performer with the reference indicators. It is proposed to establish a generalized coefficient of economic criteria with the provision of weights and determine its numerical value from 0 to 1. The obtained generalized coefficient of evaluation of the applicant in the executor of outsourcing activity of the enterprise is compared on numerical intervals of the modified Harrington scale and the level of efficiency of use of outsourcing is established. It is noted that when the bidder does not meet the level of evaluation criteria, his application for participation in the tender is not considered, and the candidate in the contractor is refused to cooperate. Conclusions. The highlighted positive evaluation of candidates is the basis for further tender procedures. According to the results of the tender, the outsourcing companies are ranked by the level of their generalized evaluation coefficient. Preference is given to the outsourcing contractor who offers the lowest cost of the task and has the highest value of the generalized criterion for assessing the effectiveness of customer service that uses outsourcing. Key words: outsourcing, partner, executor, efficiency evaluation, evaluation criteria, algorithm, integral criterion.

Sustainable Engineering: Load Transfer Characterization for the Structural Design of Thinner Concrete Pavements

Concrete pavements are characterized by their high durability and low conservation costs. However, concrete production causes large amounts of harmful emissions. In this context, short slab pavements allow us to reduce the slab thickness and the amount of concrete used in their construction. These benefits are only valid if the design assumptions are fulfilled, one of which is the provision of enough Load Transfer Efficiency (LTE) by the aggregate interlock. However, the current design method for short slabs does not relate the LTE with the Crack Width (CW) under the joints. This can jeopardize the sustainable benefits of short slabs. The objective of this study is to propose a method to develop the LTE–CW relationship for the short slabs’ design. The sustainable and accessible approach adopted in the proposal represents a paradigm shift compared to the traditional methods, which are limited to laboratories with sufficient resources to perform real-scale testing. The results show that it is possible to develop the LTE–CW relation in a sustainable manner. Furthermore, the aggregates that fulfill the technical specifications for pavements provide enough LTE when most of the joints are activated. When that happens, short slab pavements reduce environmental and human health impacts by 33% and 26%, respectively.

Deep Reinforcement Learning for Stochastic Computation Offloading in Digital Twin Networks

The rapid development of industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) requires industrial production towards digitalization to improve network efficiency. Digital Twin is a promising technology to empower the digital transformation of IIoT by creating virtual models of physical objects. However, the provision of network efficiency in IIoT is very challenging due to resource-constrained devices, stochastic tasks, and resources heterogeneity. Distributed resources in IIoT networks can be efficiently exploited through computation offloading to reduce energy consumption while enhancing data processing efficiency. In this article, we first propose a new paradigm digital twin network to build network topology and the stochastic task arrival model in IIoT systems. Then, we formulate the stochastic computation offloading and resource allocation problem to minimize the long-term energy efficiency. As the formulated problem is a stochastic programming problem, we leverage Lyapunov optimization technique to transform the original problem into a deterministic per-time slot problem. Finally, we present asynchronous actor-critic algorithm to find the optimal stochastic computation offloading policy. Illustrative results demonstrate that our proposed scheme is able to significantly outperforms the benchmarks.

Natural resource abundance and financial development: A case study of emerging seven (E−7) economies

The effect of natural resources on financial development has been tested extensively. However, this study uses a new proxy for financial development to measure its depth, accessibility, and efficiency of financial markets and institutions. As the conventional measures for financial development and human development ignored these dimensions. Unlike previous studies, a new index for human capital is used as a covariate that covers labor market information and provides adjusted estimated returns to education for each country. The sampled area for this study is emerging seven (E−7) economies, and the time period is ranging from 1990-2017. The results found an adverse effect of natural resources rent on financial development, which verifies the existence of a resource curse hypothesis for emerging seven (E−7) economies. In contrast, financial development is positively affected by the rise in human capital through the level of education. Similarly, the openness of trade is found to help promote financial development for the emerging seven economies (E−7). This study suggests the provision of greater financial accessibility and efficiency to better use the available natural resources in the financial sector. More focus should be devoted to the financial sector in comparison with the non-financial sector for effectively using natural resources. Human capital should be focused in order to effectively utilize the abundance of natural resources for speeding up the pace of financial development.

A survey on the training needs of caregivers in five European countries.

This survey explored caregivers' perceived training needs in 5 European countries (United Kingdom, Greece, Bulgaria, Poland and Italy). Training can enhance the professional capacity of caregivers; however, caregivers' training needs within Europe have not been examined recently. A survey conducted in 2015 captured data from 550 caregivers using a convenience sampling strategy, through a structured questionnaire and additional open-ended items and by conducting statistical and content analysis. The results indicated basic nursing skills and specialization, as well as training in psychology-related skills like time management, emotion regulation, communication and advanced health care systems as the emerging training needs. There were some country differences in specific training need areas. It was concluded that training in basic nursing skills and specialization in nursing specific conditions, in advanced health care systems and in psychology-related skills could add to the professional capacity of European caregivers employed in health and social care. The findings inform about employed caregivers' training needs in Europe, which may contribute in the provision of quality care and organisational efficiency in health and social care.

Multi-layered porous hierarchical TiO2/g-C3N4 hybrid coating for enhanced visible light photocatalysis

Traditional photocatalysts are difficile to conform the provision of visible light catalysis, conducive recycling and eminent efficiency, which limits their practical applications for decomposing organic pollutants in wastewater. Herein, a multi-layered porous hierarchical titanium dioxide/graphitic carbon nitride (TiO2/g-C3N4) hybrid coating is in-situ generated on titanium (Ti) substrate by sequentially employing plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), alkali immersing and hydrothermal reaction. The as-prepared coating exhibits surpassing photocatalytic performance to decay Rhodamine B (RhB) than g-C3N4 and TiO2 photocatalysts under 5 W LED visible light with 240 h cyclic stability. Moreover, the electrons transport and Z-scheme mechanism for TiO2/g-C3N4 hetero-junction is pursued to account for the ultralow recombination of photo-induced electron-hole and the enhanced catalytic properties. Not only that, it inhibits the secondary pollution which has further intensified its significance for degradation of organic pollution in sewage treatment systems.

Illumination simulation of working environment during the testing of cutting materials durability

Abstract Illumination in the workplace is one of factors, which substantially acts on worker, his performance, error rate and last but not least his health. It is necessary to create the suitable illumination of environment for the sake of interpretation of needed working performances and provision of efficiency. The suitable illumination is possible to ensure by modelling in various simulation tools. It is one of low – economically. Presented article is focused on illumination simulation of working environment during testing of cutting materials durability by simulation software Dialux. On the basis of input data, it is created the model of indoor illumination of real working environment which is subsequently optimized in accordance with standard: STN EN 12464 – 1: Light and lighting; Lighting of workplaces. Part 1: Indoor workplaces. Then this optimized model is compared with real state before optimization. The results are presented in the results section of this article.

Management of Contaminated Drinking Water Source in Rural Communities

In rural communities, the issue of water contamination is causing increasing attention by authorities. This is particularly significant in many developing countries, where cost-effective rural wastewater treatment technologies are desired. In this research, a microorganism-enhanced multiple soil layer (MEMSL) system is developed to form an effective land-based rural wastewater treatment system. The developed system contains subsystems of septic tank, MEMSL, subsurface and surface wetlands, aerated lagoon, and wind turbine. The system relies on natural landscape for facilitate natural flow of the wastewater to be treated, such that no power supply is needed. MEMSL contains enhanced microorganism that can effectively decompose the contaminants. The wind turbine is to improve the aeration of multiple subsystems or processes within the system. The method is applied to a case where rural wastewater is treated through the system before being discharged to the surrounding natural water body. The results indicate that satisfactory effluent quality has been obtained through the system. With the provision of high treatment efficiency and low maintenance cost, this technology can be extended to other rural communities.