Province Of Badajoz Research Articles

Prevalencia de enfermedad psiquiátrica entre los suicidios consumados en la provincia de Badajoz en el periodo 2015-2017

A study is carried out in 157 subjects who during the period established between July 01, 2015 and December 31, 2017 committed a consummated suicide in the province of Badajoz to investigate what percentage of consummated suicides had a history of mental pathology. The results indicate that there is a lower-than-expected relationship between the suicidal act and the presence of a personal psychiatric history, as these only appear in two-fifths of the sample. If they do exist, the most frequent diagnosis is depressive disorder and the most frequent treatment is antidepressants. These data contrast with other data collected in the literature that report much higher percentages of psychiatric pathology in subjects who commit suicide.

An analysis of the small planned towns built for the workers of the Badajoz Plan dams in Spain

ABSTRACT One of the most interesting urbanistic ensembles of the twentieth century in Spain is the towns planned and built near the large dams to provide services for their construction and operation. In the Province of Badajoz four very large dams were built by the central administration, which also promoted the construction of workers’ towns in the surrounding area. These towns are unique components of the rural Extremadura landscape. Without them, the dams could not have been built in the Spain of Franco’s dictatorship, and they are a testimony to action carried out in the territory, how work was organized and how the integrating relationship of buildings and nature was understood as a particular conception of the landscape. This article first reviews the historical context, both from the point of view of planned urbanization concerning company towns and the Badajoz Plan itself. The villages are describe based on field visits and documents found in the AGA archives in Alcala de Henares and the offices of the Guadiana Water Board in Mérida; lastly, the data are analysed, and some conclusions are arrived at.

A multi-analytical evaluation of the depositional pattern on open-air rock art panels at “Abrigo del Lince” (Badajoz, Spain)

Microscopic observation correlated with chemical–mineralogical characterization was performed on pigment samples from “Abrigo del Lince” rock art site (V-IV millennium BC), in order to provide contributions to the study of prehistoric schematic art on granite in the province of Badajoz (Spain). The research objectives include the understanding of technological and cultural aspects, as well as of conservation and deterioration issues related to the pictographs. The multi-analytical approach encompasses the integration of microscopic observation, SEM–EDS analysis, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and ATR-FTIR and allowed to achieve a multispectral overview of the samples and to describe their varied composition and the alteration pattern which connects them. The main phases overlying the granitic bedrock and involved in this sequence are as follows: hematite, whewellite, and gypsum. While hematite could be stratigraphically considered the most ancient layer and assigned to the use of red ochre as a pigment, whewellite and gypsum are the main constituent of the alteration layer which forms a patina over the pictographs, due to weathering processes. Finally, the role of biofilms in rock art conservation is discussed, suggesting that, especially for what concern thin and homogenous layers of oxalates, their presence should not be necessarily considered an issue.

Efficacy of a Psycho-Educational and Socio-Emotional Intervention Programme for Adolescents.

The aim of this article is to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of a psycho-educational intervention programme. The objective of this programme was to achieve optimisation of self-concept and basic socio-emotional skills for comprehensive development in the adolescent stage. The sample consisted of 402 students from 19 groups from public secondary schools in the province of Badajoz. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design was applied with a control group using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale, Self-Concept Form 5, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The analysis showed that the programme was effective in the family and social dimensions of self-concept, while in the other dimensions, the changes were not statistically significant. The results for emotion perception, understanding and regulation show that there were no statistically significant differences in the experimental group, although there were significant differences in the control group.

Assessment of the Cost of the Mediterranean Diet in a Low-Income Region: Adherence and Relationship with Available Incomes

BackgroundThe Mediterranean Diet (MD) is recognized as heart-healthy, but the economic cost associated with this type of diet has scarcely been studied.The objective of the present study is to explore the cost and adherence of a low-income region population to the MD and its relationship with income.MethodsA population-based study was carried out on 2,833 subjects between 25 and 79 years of age, 54% women, selected at random from the municipalities of Vegas Altas, La Siberia and La Serena in the province of Badajoz, Extremadura (Spain).Average monthly cost of each product included in the MD was computed and related to adherence to the MD using the Panagiotakos Index and average disposable income.ResultsThe monthly median cost was 203.6€ (IQR: 154.04-265.37). Food-related expenditure was higher for men (p<0.001), age cohort between 45 and 54 years (p<0.013) and those living in urban areas (p<0.001). A positive correlation between food-related expenditure and the MD adherence was found. Monthly median cost represents 15% of average disposable income, ranging between 11% for the group with low MD adherence and 17% for the group with high MD adherence.ConclusionsThe monthly cost of the MD was positively correlated with the degree of adherence to this dietary pattern. Given that the estimated monthly cost is similar to that of other Spanish regions with a higher income level, the economic effort required to be able to afford the Mediterranean diet is higher. This may represent a barrier to access, which should be analyzed in detail by public decision-makers.

Mosquito fauna in Extremadura (western Spain): Updated catalog with new records, distribution maps, and medical relevance.

An important element of vector control and surveillance of mosquito-borne diseases is updated information on vector species distribution. The aim of this study was to collect available information about mosquito species reported in Extremadura between 1920 and 2020 and create a catalog that would combine both published data and our recent field identifications. An exhaustive list is hereby presented, including species status and detailed distribution maps at a municipal level as well as their importance for public health. A total of 33 species, classified into five genera: Anopheles (five species), Aedes (14), Culex (nine), Culiseta (four), and Orthopodomyia (one) has been recorded, including 31 autochthonous, one invasive, Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus, and one disappeared since 1953, Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti. For the first time in Extremadura, we report the presence of important vectors such as Aedes (Aedimorphus) vexans vexans and Culex (Culex) perexiguus, and the new record of six species in the province of Badajoz, namely: Aedes (Dahliana) echinus, Aedes (Fredwardsius) vittatus, Aedes (Ochlerotatus) berlandi, Aedes (Ochlerotatus) pulcritarsis, Culex (Culex) mimeticus, and Culiseta (Culiseta) subochrea. Nineteen of these species are potential vectors of medical and veterinary relevance.

Assessing the Accuracy of GEDI Data for Canopy Height and Aboveground Biomass Estimates in Mediterranean Forests

Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) satellite mission is expanding the spatial bounds and temporal resolution of large-scale mapping applications. Integrating the recent GEDI data into Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS)-derived estimations represents a global opportunity to update and extend forest models based on area based approaches (ABA) considering temporal and spatial dynamics. This study evaluates the effect of combining ALS-based aboveground biomass (AGB) estimates with GEDI-derived models by using temporally coincident datasets. A gradient of forest ecosystems, distributed through 21,766 km2 in the province of Badajoz (Spain), with different species and structural complexity, was used to: (i) assess the accuracy of GEDI canopy height in five Mediterranean Ecosystems and (ii) develop GEDI-based AGB models when using ALS-derived AGB estimates at GEDI footprint level. In terms of Pearson’s correlation (r) and rRMSE, the agreement between ALS and GEDI statistics on canopy height was stronger in the denser and homogeneous coniferous forest of P. pinaster and P. pinea than in sparse Quercus-dominated forests. The GEDI-derived AGB models using relative height and vertical canopy metrics yielded a model efficiency (Mef) ranging from 0.31 to 0.46, with a RMSE ranging from 14.13 to 32.16 Mg/ha and rRMSE from 38.17 to 84.74%, at GEDI footprint level by forest type. The impact of forest structure confirmed previous studies achievements, since GEDI data showed higher uncertainty in highly multilayered forests. In general, GEDI-derived models (GEDI-like Level4A) underestimated AGB over lower and higher ALS-derived AGB intervals. The proposed models could also be used to monitor biomass stocks at large-scale by using GEDI footprint level in Mediterranean areas, especially in remote and hard-to-reach areas for forest inventory. The findings from this study serve to provide an initial evaluation of GEDI data for estimating AGB in Mediterranean forest.

Users’ Perceptions of Local Public Water and Waste Services: A Case Study for Sustainable Development

Access to safe drinking water is essential to good health, a basic human right, and a component of effective policy for health protection. Improving the quality of local public water and waste services is one of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation). This study aims to know the degree of satisfaction of domestic users who receive services related to water and waste in municipalities with less than 20,000 inhabitants in the province of Badajoz (Spain). We carry out this research because the perception of municipal services provided by the public administration is usually negative and deficient. The case study PROMEDIO, the consortium formula, is described as a successful partnership to improve the quality of local public water and waste services. For this purpose, a detailed analysis of the different aspects involved in the relationship between the users and the services provided is carried out. The consortium was found to increase citizens’ satisfaction with the services provided, given the close relationship between the municipality and the users.

Arquitectura en el paisaje. Naturaleza en la arquitectura

En el artículo se analizan algunas construcciones de arquitectura contemporánea realizadas en poblaciones de la provincia de Badajoz, que ofrecen la particularidad de integrar la naturaleza o entrar en diálogo con el paisaje natural circundante, además de ser muestra de proyectos originales e innovadores en distintos aspectos.

The voice inside the wall: A muyto devota oração da empardeada as a confession of enclosure.

In 1992, a secret library of eleven books was discovered in the wall of an old house in the small town of Barcarrota, near the border between the Spanish province of Badajoz and Portugal. Of all the books, I will focus on a small Portuguese prayer printed in the first half of the sixteenth century titled A muyto devota oração da empardeada. Em lingoagem portugues [The very devoted prayer of the walled-in woman. In Portuguese language]. The emparedada of the title is a devoted woman who lives inside a wall. In the Iberian middle ages and early modern period, the emparedadas were women who opted to live enclosed in small chambers inside both city walls and the walls of churches, as a form of penance and reclusion. However, this penance is theorized by the emparedada herself as both a form of self-inflicted isolation – extricating the body from the commodification of sex and caretaking labor – as the embrace of a new kind of social agency. It is a social agency through which women inscribe their own bodies into public monuments while hiding them from plain sight, that is also a spiritual agency insofar as it enables them to beg pardon for their own souls and the souls of others. I argue that this is a confession that can only be articulated from behind walls and requires a certain form of self-enclosure to fulfill its actualizing and redeeming promise.

Importancia pronóstica de la enfermedad arterial periférica diagnosticada mediante el índice tobillo-brazo en población general española

ObjectiveThe objectives have been to determine the prognostic value of having a low ankle-brachial index (ABI) for different cardiovascular diseases and whether it improves the predictive capacity of the main cardiovascular risk scores proposed for Spain. DesignPopulation-based cohort study LocationA health area of the province of Badajoz (Spain) Participants2,833 subjects, representative of residents, between 25 and 79 years old, MeasurementsThe ABI was measured at baseline and the first episode of ischemic heart disease or stroke, cardiovascular and total mortality, was recorded during 7 years of follow-up. The hazard ratio (HR) adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors and net reclassification index (NRI) by category, clinical and continuous for the risk functions REGICOR, FRESCO coronary heart disease, FRESCO cardiovascular disease and SCORE, were calculated. Results2,665 subjects were analysed after excluding people with cardiovascular history and loss of follow-up. Low ABI was associated with adjusted HR (95% CI): 6.45 (3.00 - 13.86), 2.60 (1.15 - 5.91), 3.43 (1.39 - 8.44), 2.21 (1.27 - 3.86) for stroke, ischemic heart disease, cardiovascular mortality and total mortality respectively. The ABI improved the NRI (95% CI) in the intermediate risk category according to FRESCO cardiovascular equation by 24.1% (10.1 - 38.2). ConclusionsLow ABI is associated with a significant increase in the risk of stroke, ischemic heart disease, cardiovascular mortality and total mortality in our population. The inclusion of ABI improved the reclassification of people at intermediate risk, according to FRESCO cardiovascular, so its use in that risk category would be justified.

Statistical Study of Rainfall Control: The Dagum Distribution and Applicability to the Southwest of Spain

It is of vital importance in statistical distributions to fit rainfall data to determine the maximum amount of rainfall expected for a specific hydraulic work. Otherwise, the hydraulic capacity study could be erroneous, with the tragic consequences that this would entail. This study aims to present the Dagum distribution as a new statistical tool to calculate rainfall in front of frequent statistical distributions such as Gumbel, Log-Pearson Type III, Gen Extreme Value (GEV) and SQRT-ET max. The study was performed by collecting annual rainfall data from 52 meteorological stations in the province of Badajoz (Spain), using the statistical goodness-of-fit tests of Anderson–Darling and Kolmogorov–Smirnov to establish the degree of fitness of the Dagum distribution, applied to the maximum annual rainfall series. The results show that this distribution obtained a flow 21.92% greater than that with the traditional distributions. Therefore, in the Southwest of Spain, the Dagum distribution fits better to the observed rainfall data than other common statistical distributions, with respect to precision and calculus of hydraulics works and river flood plains.

Peroxymonosulfate promoted wet air oxidation of a real wastewater from a biodiesel production plant

Wastewater from a real biodiesel plant located in the province of Badajoz (Spain) has been treated by means of the Wet air oxidation (WAO) process. The effluent was slightly acidic (pH = 5.77) with a high content of chemical oxygen demand (COD) (43.1 g L−1) mainly of organic nature (CTOC = 10.5 g L−1). The low biodegradability of this effluent (relation biological-chemical oxygen demand BOD/COD = 8.6 × 10−3), suggests the suitability to be treated by WAO oxidation. The main WAO operational variables (oxygen pressure, temperature and pH), the use of homogeneous catalysis (Cu2+), or the addition of oxidant promoters (H2O2 or peroxymonosulfate (PMS)) were explored. From the results obtained, oxygen pressure exerted a positive effect while temperature was a crucial variable in the oxidation of the most recalcitrant organics. Although alkaline pH led to an improved behavior in terms of COD and TOC removals, the lack of aromatic compounds elimination (absorbance at 254 nm) suggests the preference to oxidize non-aromatic compounds. Addition of radical promoters resulted in a positive effect. Peroxymonopersufate was more efficient than H2O2 in the promoted experimental series. Under the optimum oxidation conditions used in this study, removals of 55% in COD, 45% in TOC and 86% in aromatic compounds were experienced.

Determination of the Energy Behaviour in Municipalities with Fewer than 6000 Inhabitants in Badajoz (Spain)

Most of the municipalities in Europe have a population of less than 6000 inhabitants and high energy consumption. In order to reduce consumption, it is necessary to know the energy behaviour of a municipality beforehand. The purpose of this article is to analyse the energy and environmental situation of the municipalities of the province of Badajoz (Spain) and formulates energy efficiency and environmental indicators. The method is based in the analysis of 74 energy audits were carried out between 2012 and 2014 in the corresponding municipalities, and the average final energy consumption was studied in terms of four different variables: area of the municipality, number of inhabitants, cost of energy, and annual CO2 emissions. In addition, a statistical analysis based on variance was carried out. The results obtained show that the average annual energy consumption of a municipality of less than 6000 inhabitants is 300 kWh per inhabitant and 1 kWh per m2 of surface area. A great variability was observed in the average cost of energy for each municipality, between 0.11 and 0.25 €/kWh, with an average of 0.17 €/kWh. In addition, by statistical methods it was determined that the energy consumption of a municipality is proportional to the surface area that it occupies and its number of inhabitants, proposing an equation that allows determining the final energy consumption according to both variables. This benchmarking is valid to implement energy saving techniques and to prioritize investments in the renovation of the facilities. There are no precedents of similar research studies with such a large number of municipalities.

Optimal Locations of Biomass Logistics Centers for Energy Uses in the Province of Badajoz (Spain)

The forest biomass of the province of Badajoz (southwestern Spain) is around 274,335 tons, which is equivalent to 112,000 toe of energy. Consequently, the quantification, analysis, and mapping of the energy potential from the residual biomass, considering the most important forestry species of the studied province, were performed. Moreover, the optimum locations of biomass logistics centers were established. Results of this study are within the value chain of biomass, regarding to the production, transformation, commercialization, and use of the existing biomass to generate energy, heat, and electricity.

Las emociones y su relación con las inteligencias múltiples en las asignaturas de ciencias y matemáticas en secundaria

En la actualidad los aspectos racionales y emocionales se interrelacionan entre sí, ya que las emociones influyen en los pensamientos al igual que los procesos cognitivos influyen en los estados emocionales (Mayer, Salovey, Caruso y Cherkasskiy, 2011). En este estudio hemos analizado las emociones del alumnado en las asignaturas de Ciencias impartidas en tercero de la ESO. La muestra ha sido de 46 chicas y 34 chicos, pertenecientes a dos IES de la provincia de Badajoz. Para su análisis se ha elaborado un cuestionario para conocer las emociones que presentan en Física y Química, Matemáticas y Ciencias Naturales, relacionándolas con la teoría de las inteligencias múltiples (Gardner, 1998), ya que el alumnado trabaja y aprende en función de sus inteligencias. La metodología utilizada en esta investigación ha sido cuantitativa. Entre los resultados obtenidos están los siguientes: Los alumnos de tercero de ESO presentan pocas emociones positivas en la asignatura de Física y química, y, muestran mayores puntuaciones en emociones negativas como preocupación y nerviosismo. En la asignatura de matemáticas presentan un alto porcentaje en emociones positivas (confianza y tranquilidad), y también de emociones negativas (preocupación). Ciencias Naturales es la asignatura que más le gusta de las tres y manifiestan emociones positivas como alegría, confianza, tranquilidad y satisfacción. Existe una correlación positiva en las puntuaciones más altas en emociones positivas en Ciencias Naturales y una mayor puntuación en inteligencia Interpersonal y Naturalista. Existen correlaciones significativas entre las inteligencias múltiples Lógico Matemática y Espacial y las variables relacionadas con las emociones positivas en Física y Química, en Matemáticas y en Ciencias Naturales.En la actualidad los aspectos racionales y emocionales se interrelacionan entre sí, ya que las emociones influyen en los pensamientos al igual que los procesos cognitivos influyen en los estados emocionales (Mayer, Salovey, Caruso y Cherkasskiy, 2011). En este estudio hemos analizado las emociones del alumnado en las asignaturas de Ciencias impartidas en tercero de la ESO. La muestra ha sido de 46 chicas y 34 chicos, pertenecientes a dos IES de la provincia de Badajoz. Para su análisis se ha elaborado un cuestionario para conocer las emociones que presentan en Física y Química, Matemáticas y Ciencias Naturales, relacionándolas con la teoría de las inteligencias múltiples (Gardner, 1998), ya que el alumnado trabaja y aprende en función de sus inteligencias. La metodología utilizada en esta investigación ha sido cuantitativa. Entre los resultados obtenidos están los siguientes: Los alumnos de tercero de ESO presentan pocas emociones positivas en la asignatura de Física y química, y, muestran mayores puntuaciones en emociones negativas como preocupación y nerviosismo. En la asignatura de matemáticas presentan un alto porcentaje en emociones positivas (confianza y tranquilidad), y también de emociones negativas (preocupación). Ciencias Naturales es la asignatura que más le gusta de las tres y manifiestan emociones positivas como alegría, confianza, tranquilidad y satisfacción. Existe una correlación positiva en las puntuaciones más altas en emociones positivas en Ciencias Naturales y una mayor puntuación en inteligencia Interpersonal y Naturalista. Existen correlaciones significativas entre las inteligencias múltiples Lógico Matemática y Espacial y las variables relacionadas con las emociones positivas en Física y Química, en Matemáticas y en Ciencias Naturales.

Prehistoric trepanation in the Iberian Peninsula: A new case from the province of Badajoz (Extremadura, Spain)

Trepanation is a recurrent subject in the literature, with the earliest known examples of this surgical procedure belonging to the Mesolithic/Neolithic periods. The Iberian Peninsula is no exception to this tendency, where most of the known trepanation cases were found in coastal areas.We present one skull with a lesion/trauma compatible with a trepanation on the right parietal bone, recovered from a cave located in southern Badajoz province, inland Spain, Cueva de los Postes. This is the first reported case of a prehistoric trepanation in this region. A brief comparative analysis with other known Iberian prehistoric trepanations is included, regarding location of the lesions and method of trepanation selected to the procedure.

¿QUÉ EMOCIONES DESPIERTAN EN LOS DOCENTES LOS FACTORES SOCIALES Y AMBIENTALES?

Abstract.The overall objective of this work is to identify the emotions they provoke, the math teacher, the possible stressful situations related to social and environmental factors. Homemade scale, in which the incidence of the sources of stress in the math teacher, and emotions (both positive and negative, or lack thereof) that they awaken in educational measurement should be used. Our instrument consists of several categories: social and environmental factors, content, relationships with other professionals, requirements / inconsistencies, students, Information Technology and Communication (ICT) and innovation, discipline problems, lack of resources and vocational . This study was conducted with 273 high school mathematics teachers from public, private and charter of the province of Badajoz (Extremadura) centers.Keywords:High school math teacher; emotions; sources of stress, social and environmental factors.Resumen.El objetivo general de este trabajo consiste en detectar las emociones que provocan, en el profesor de matemáticas, las posibles situaciones estresantes relacionadas con los factores sociales y ambientales. Se utilizó una escala de elaboración propia, en la cual se mide la incidencia de las fuentes de estrés en el profesor de matemáticas, y las emociones (tanto positivas como negativas, o la ausencia de las mismas) que éstas despiertan en los docentes. Nuestro instrumento está compuesto por varias categorías: Factores sociales y ambientales, contenido, relaciones con otros profesionales, exigencias/inconsistencias, alumnado, tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC´s) e innovación, problemas de disciplina, carencia de recursos y vocacionales. Este estudio se realizó con 273 docentes de matemáticas de secundaria de centros públicos, privados y concertados de la provincia de Badajoz (Extremadura).Palabras clave: Profesor de matemáticas de secundaria; emociones; fuentes de estrés; factores sociales y ambientales.

Las emociones en el aprendizaje de física y química en educación secundaria. Causas relacionadas con el estudiante

It is necessary to study the domain affective in science education, since emotions affect our learning process. Furthermore, the personal development involves both cognitive and affective components. For this reason, it is important to know the emotions experienced by students of Compulsory Secondary Education towards the Physics and Chemistry during the learning process. This paper aims to understand and analyze the emotions experienced by students of Compulsory Secondary Education towards aspects related to the student. The sample consisted of 84 Spanish students of the third year of Compulsory Secondary Education of two educative institutions of the province of Badajoz during the academic year 2013/2014. The most relevant results determined that the students experienced positive emotions when they got good results in this field. On the other hand, they experienced negative emotions when they had to solve a problem of Physics and Chemistry, as well as, performing oral presentations.

LAS EMOCIONES EN ALUMNOS DE ESO EN EL APRENDIZAJE DE CONTENIDOS DE FÍSICA Y QUÍMICA, SEGÚN EL GÉNERO

El desarrollo personal del individuo depende tanto de factores cognitivos como afectivos. Por tanto, el estudio del dominio afectivo en la enseñanza de las ciencias resulta necesario, ya que influye en el proceso de aprendizaje. En este trabajo se pretende conocer y analizar las emociones que experimentan los alumnos de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) en el aprendizaje de contenidos científicos de la asignatura de Física y Química, encontrando diferencias según el género. La muestra está constituida por 103 alumnos Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) de un centro concertado de la provincia de Badajoz, durante el curso escolar 2013/2014. Los resultados de este estudio, muestran que existen diferencias significativas en las emociones tanto positivas como negativas, experimentadas por los alumnos según el género.