Protein Aggregation In Muscle Research Articles

Rutin protects Huntington's disease through the insulin/IGF1 (IIS) signaling pathway and autophagy activity: Study in Caenorhabditis elegans model

Huntington's disease (HD) is inherited neurodegenerative disease, it is characterized by excessive motor movements and cognitive and emotional deficits. HD is caused by an abnormally long polyglutamine (polyQ) expansion in the huntingtin (Htt) protein, which confers toxic functions to mutant Htt leading to neurodegeneration. Rutin is a flavonoid found in plants, buckwheat, some teas and also in apples. Although previous studies have already indicated that rutin has some protective effects in HD's models, the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. In our study, we investigated the effects of rutin in Caenorhabditis elegans model of HD. We assessed polyQ aggregation, oxidative damage, neurodegeneration level and lifespan, and investigated the possible role of autophagy and insulin/IGF1 (IIS) signaling pathways in the beneficial effects induced by rutin. Overall, our data demonstrate that chronic rutin treatment reduced polyglutamine (polyQ) protein aggregation in muscle, reduced polyQ-mediated neuronal death in ASH sensory neurons, and extended lifespan. The possible mechanisms involved are antioxidant activity, activation of protein degradation (autophagy) and insulin/IGF1 (IIS) signaling pathways. These findings indicate that rutin consumption might be helpful in preventing HD and also provide possible pathways to be explored to search for new therapies against proteinopathies related to aging.

Lisinopril Preserves Physical Resilience and Extends Life Span in a Genotype-Specific Manner in Drosophila melanogaster.

Physical resiliency declines with age and comorbid conditions. In humans, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) has been associated with attenuation of the decline in physical performance with age. ACE-inhibitor compounds, commonly prescribed for hypertension, often have beneficial effects on physical performance however the generality of these effects are unclear. Here, we tested the effects of the ACE-inhibitor Lisinopril on life span, and age-specific speed, endurance, and strength using three genotypes of the Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel. We show that age-related decline in physical performance and survivorship varies with genetic background. Lisinopril treatment increased mean life span in all Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel lines, but its effects on life span, speed, endurance, and strength depended on genotype. We show that genotypes with increased physical performance on Lisinopril treatment experienced reduced age-related protein aggregation in muscle. Knockdown of skeletal muscle-specific Ance, the Drosophila ortholog of ACE, abolished the effects of Lisinopril on life span, implying a role for skeletal muscle Ance in survivorship. Using transcriptome profiling, we identified genes involved in stress response that showed expression changes associated with genotype and age-dependent responsiveness to Lisinopril. Our results demonstrate that Ance is involved in physical decline and demonstrate genetic variation in phenotypic responses to an ACE inhibitor.

Effect of Treating of Squid with Sodium Chloride in Combination with Oxidising Agent on Bleaching, Physical and Chemical Changes During Frozen Storage

Pink discolouration is a problem faced in the squid processing industry, and some treatments have been implemented to tackle such a problem. The study aimed to elucidate the impact of NaCl in combination with oxidising agents on the quality changes of squid during frozen storage. The effects of treatment of pink squid using 3% (w/v) NaCl solution containing oxidising agents (0.05–0.5% (w/v) H2O2 or 0–10 ppm NaOCl) on colour and chemical and physical changes of squid during frozen storage were investigated. The lowest decreases in a*, b* values, ∆E* and ∆C* of squid were obtained with the treatment using 3% NaCl solution containing 0.5% H2O2. Nevertheless, NaOCl (0–10 ppm) had no impact on a* and b* values. During frozen storage at −18 °C for 10 weeks, fresh squid, pink squid samples without and with treatments with 3% NaCl solution containing 0.5% H2O2 had no changes in a* and b* values during frozen storage. Nevertheless, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances value, disulphide bond content, thaw drip and shear force were more pronounced in treated pink squid, compared with pink squid without treatment (control) and fresh squid, respectively, during the extended storage (p < 0.05). Higher denaturation and aggregation of muscle proteins during frozen storage were observed in treated pink squid than that without treatment and fresh squid, respectively. Therefore, pink squid treated with oxidising agent was prone to protein aggregation and denaturation during the extended frozen storage, though it could lower the pink colour. Therefore, fresh squid without treatment using oxidising agent is recommended for production of frozen squid with negligible loss in quality during extended storage.