Protective Effect Of Omega-3 Research Articles

Correlation between omega-3 intake and the incidence of diabetic retinopathy based on NHANES from 2005 to 2008.

To identify correlations between omega-3 intake and incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR). This was a cross-sectional study using data from participants over age 40 in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008. Metrics included participants' intake of omega-3 fatty acids, specifically three types of representative polyunsaturated fatty acids, DR prevalence, and demographic characteristics. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between omega-3 intake and DR. Of the 1243 participants included in this study, omega-3 intake was lower in patients with DR relative to those without DR. Of the three polyunsaturated fatty acids within the omega-3 fatty acid family that we focused on, participants without DR consumed more docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) than those with DR. In contrast, there was no significant difference in the intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Higher omega-3 intake was associated with a decreased risk of DR. In a crude model, the odds ratio (OR) was 0.548 (95% CI 0.315, 0.951; p = 0.033). In the fully adjusted model of omega-3 (model II), the adjusted OR was 0.525 (95% CI 0.306, 0.901; p = 0.021). DPA and DHA were also associated with a decreased risk of DR. In the full adjustment model (model II) of DPA and DHA, the adjusted ORs were 0.0002 (95% CI 0.000, 0.166; p = 0.014) and 0.293 (95% CI 0.105, 0.819; p = 0.020). Subgroup analysis showed that the protective effect of omega-3 against DR was more significant in younger patients (p value = 0.015). In this cross-sectional study of the U.S. general population, we found that increased intake of omega-3 and its components, specifically DPA and DHA were negatively associated with DR incidence. This suggests that omega-3 may be a potential protective factor for DR and may help to prevent or delay the onset and progression of DR.

Protective Effect of Omega-3 and the Potential of Toll-like Receptor Gene Expression in Rats with Doxorubicin-induced Cardiac Toxicity

Despite the clinical signs of doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiomyopathy, the mechanisms underlying DOX-induced cardiac damage are unknown. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) allow cardiomyocytes to respond to either endogenous or external signals, both of which have the potential to alter the pathophysiological responses to dilated cardiomyopathy. Omega-3 (OMG-3) precursors are highly active metabolites with numerous therapeutic benefits in the prevention and/or treatment of a variety of diseases. Thus, this study was aimed at evaluating the preventive effect of omega-3 on rats suffering from acute DOX-induced cardiotoxicity associated with TLR gene expression. Thirty rats were divided into five equal groups; Group 1 received no treatment, Group 2 received doxorubicin (at a toxic dose of 20 mg/kg), and Groups 3-5 received doxorubicin (20 mg/kg) after receiving OMG-3 at various doses (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day, respectively) for 4 weeks. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were obtained from the heart. The real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to assess TLR2 and TLR4 gene expression. TLR2 had a significantly (p<0.01) elevated fold change in the DOX alone group (28.74+4.95), whereas TLR2 expression was significantly reduced in the OMG-3 pretreated groups (1.633+0.51, 0.733+0.13, and 0.709+0.16, respectively). TLR4 fold change in the DOX alone group was 8.57+1.22, whereas TLR4 expression was significantly reduced in the OMG-3 pretreated groups (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) with values of 0.809+0.32, 0.852+0.50, and 0.272+0.16, respectively. The findings of this study revealed that OMG-3 decreased doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and showed a significant cardioprotective effect by lowering TLR2 and TLR4 gene expression.

The harmful Effects of Monosodium Glutamate on Blood Parameters Liver and Kidney Functions In Adult White Rats and the Protective Role of Omega-3

The present study was conducted to find out the harmful effect of exposure to monosodium glutamate(MSG) on laboratory animal weight, hematological and biochemical parameters on rats of 10 -15 weeksold and weight of 100-200 g. Whereas, this study was conducted in the Basic Sciences Branch - College ofNursing - University of Warith Alanbiyaa From 11/1/2019 to 2/1/2020, the animals were divided into fourgroupsG 1- Control The first group controlG 2- MSG (1.8mg / kg) Group IIG 3 - MSG (1.8 mg / kg) + omega-3 (0.8 mg / kg) Group IIIG 4 - MSG (1.8 mg / kg) + omega-3 (1.2 mg / kg) Group IVWhere the four groups were fed according toThe above distribution is according to the concentrations in each group effect of MSG at one oral low doseof 1.8 mg/g body wt. on liver and kidney functions in albino rats. The possible protective effect of omega3 (at oral dose of 0.8 mg/g body wt.) (at oral dose of 1.2 mg/g body wt.) against MSG induced hepatic andrenal stress was also investigated of mono-sodium glutamate for 30 days.The results showed a significant decrease (p <0.05) in blood parameters, including RBC count 5.1 ±0.7 andconcentration of PCV: 14.5 ±0.33, MCH: 34.5 ± 2.77, MCV: 96.5 ±3.21, MCHC: 34.0 ± 0.89. Comparedwith the control group indicating anemia in MSG treated animals.There was a significant increase in the biochemical parameters (AST: 216 ± 14.8, ALT 3.6 ± 0.40, ALP144.75± 6.55). And also in the Urea - Creatinine kidney standardsWhich represents the liver function in animals treated with monosodium glutamate compared with thecontrol group, despite a significant increase (P <0.05) in the level of urea 2.70 ± 0.07 and creatinine 0.098 ±0.005 in the blood in the animal treated with MSG compared with the control group.

Comparative study of the possible protective effects of omega-3 and saffron extract on the cerebellum of adult male albino rats exposed to cell phone electromagnetic radiations: Histological and Immunohistochemical study

Background: Quickly changing technologies and dramatic world-wide increase in the uses of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiations (RF-EMRs) emitting cell phones represents a challenge to public health. So, the interest of studying its hazards that could affect human health has been increased. Recently, omega-3 and saffron had attracted a great attention as an antioxidant.Aim of work: This study focused on estimation of the neuroprotective effects of omega-3 and saffron against the histological and immunohistochemical changes within the cerebellum of adult male albino rats exposed to the cell phone electromagnetic radiations. Materials and Methods: Sixty adults male albino rats were used. They were divided into six groups, group I (control group), group II (omega-3 group), group III (saffron group), group IV (cell phone-exposed group), group V (cell phone and omega-3 group) and group VI (cell phone and saffron group). The cerebellum from each animal was cut off and processed for biochemical, histological studies by Hematoxylin and Eosin (Hx. & E.), Toluidine blue (T.B) and electron microscope examination, immunohistochemical studies by Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), caspase-3, myelin basic protein (MBP) and morphometric studies were also, done.Results: Cell phone exposed group revealed disturbed cerebellar architecture. The molecular layer displayed pyknotic nuclei, perineuronal vacuolation and disruption of myelin sheath around nerve fibers. The Purkenje cells appeared with irregular heterochromatic nuclei, shrunken, and surrounded with empty neuropil. The granular layer appeared with some small, degenerated granule cells. Significant increase in GFAP, Caspase-3 and significant decrease in MBP immunoreactivity were also observed. Omega-3 and saffron administrations decreased these adverse effects. Saffron showed higher protection against the histological alterations on the cerebellar cortex exposed to cell phone electromagnetic radiations (EMRs).Conclusion: Cell phone emitted EMRs induces histological and immunohistochemical changes within the cerebellar tissues and saffron has a better neuroprotective effect than omega 3.

Does Omega-3 Ameliorate Olanzapine-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Adult Albino Rats? A Histo-morphometric Study

Introduction: Olanzapine is one of the most frequently used antipsychotics that had undesirable effects on male sexual function. Aim of the work: To explore possible protective effect of omega-3 on olanzapine - induced testicular toxicity. Material and methods: Forty adult albino rats were used and alienated into four equal groups: I (control), II (omega-3 treated), III (olanzapine treated) and IV (olanzapine +omega-3 treated).Group I received vehicles of olanzapine and omega-3 orally once daily. Group II received 400 mg/kg/day of omega-3 orally. Group III received oral olanzapine 0.5 mg/kg/day. Group IV received a combination of the same mentioned doses of both drugs. After 14 weeks, testicular specimens were taken and processed for light and transmission electron microscopic study. Results: Group III showed shrunken degenerated seminiferous tubules (ST) with corrugated basement membrane whose lumina were devoid of spermatozoa. Few degenerated spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, elongated spermatids and many Sertoli cells (SCs) were seen. The tubules were separated with wide interstitial spaces and congested blood vessels. Ultrastructural results revealed spermatogonia with degenerated nucleus, loss of nuclear membranes and cell boundaries of primary spermatocytes. Elongated spermatids appeared abnormal in shape with defects in acrosomal cap. A high significant decrease in mean ST diameter, height of germinal epithelium while a high significant increase in SCs count and number of caspase-3 immunopositive cells were observed. Group IV showed improvement of the previously mentioned results. Conclusion: Omega-3 could protect against olanzapine induced testicular toxicity therefore; it can be used as an adjuvant therapy with antipsychotic drugs.

Протективные эффекты омега-3 полиненасыщенных жирных кислот в женском здоровье

Протективные эффекты омега-3 полиненасыщенных жирных кислот в женском здоровье

Effects of omega-3 on androgenic activity in cadmium-induced hypertensive rats

Background and objective: Cadmium is a widely distributed metal in the environment that causes testicular toxicity and various tissue damage associated with hypertension. Omega-3, an essential fatty acid, has been demonstrated to be an effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of cadmium on cardiovascular and reproductive systems in male rats and examine the possible protective effects of omega-3 against cadmium-induced hypertension and testicular dysfunctions. Methods: The rats were divided into three groups. The first group served as the control, the second group received cadmium chloride in drinking water, and the third group received cadmium chloride plus omega-3 for 28 days. Blood pressure and heart rate were estimated. Blood samples were collected; sexual hormones and other biochemical parameters were evaluated. Testes and epididymis were taken for semen analysis and histopathology. Results: Significant adverse effects were seen in the studied parameters of the cardiovascular and reproductive systems after cadmium exposure, including hypertension, alteration in sperm parameters, weights of sex glands, and histological structures. In contrast, co-administration of omega-3 significantly reduced mean blood pressure, but improved sperm parameters and the histology of testis. No protective effect of omega-3 could be seen on male hormone and lipid profile parameters except high-density lipoprotein. Conclusion: Exposure to cadmium induced hypertension, impaired testicular functions, and histology. Omega-3 has protective effects on vascular and testicular functions. Therefore, supplementation with omega-3 had a protective effect against cardiovascular and reproductive toxicity induced by cadmium.

Does Exposure of Smart Phones during Pregnancy Affect the Offspring’s Ovarian Reserve? A Rat Model Study

Objective We investigated the effect of prenatal exposure to smart phone radiation and the protective effect of omega-3 on ovarian reserve of offspring. Methods: 24 pregnant Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups. Group-I received neither radiofrequency (RF) radiation nor omega-3, group-II received RF, group-III received RF radiation and 300 mg omega-3 and group-IV received RF radiation and 600 mg Omega-3 till birth. At 42 days, bilateral oophorectomy was performed on all female offspring for follicle count and immunohistochemical staining (GDF9, FOXO1 and TUNEL). Results: Group-II had significantly lower mean number of primordial (p = 0.006), secondary follicles(p = 0.003) and a higher atresia score. Group-III variables were comparable with group-I variables. Group-IV had statistically higher median number of atretic follicles than group-I (p = 0.023). Conclusions: Ovarian reserve of offspring diminished with RF exposure during pregnancy. Omega-3 supplementation during pregnancy may reduce the potential premature ovarian failure.

Ameliorative Effect of Omega-3 on Energy Drinks - Induced Pancreatic Toxicity in Adult Male Albino Rats

Background: The world wide increasing popularity of the energy drinks and the lack of information about their possible hazardous effects on health is a matter of controversy and research. The aim of this study is to assess the histological and histochemical effects of energy drinks on the pancreas of adult male albino rats and the possible protective effect of omega-3. Material and Methods: Fifty adult male albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. First group is control. Second group (Omega-3 treated) rats received omega-3 at a dose of 300 mg /kg/day orally for 4 weeks. Third group (Red Bull treated) rats received Red Bull at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day orally for 4 weeks then they were randomly subdivided into two equal subgroups: IIIA, rats were sacrificed after 24 h of the last dose and in IIIB (Recovery group), rats were sacrificed after 4 weeks of the last dose .Fourth group (Omega-3 and Red Bull treated group) rats received Red Bull at a dose of 10mg/kg/day and Omega-3 at a dose of 300mg/kg/day for 4 weeks. At sacrifice, blood samples were drawn for biochemical study and pancreas specimens were prepared for histological and histochemical study. Results: Energy drink had no significant effect on the animal weight (P = 0.055), but there was highly significant increase in the pancreatic weight (P = 0.001) and in mean blood glucose level (P = 0.000). There were signs of β cells overstimulation. Histological and histochemical study of the pancreatic sections revealed multiple deleterious effects of the energy drink on the acinar and the islet cells. These changes were reversible as shown in the recovery group. Co-administration of Omega-3 showed marked protection of the pancreatic acini and the islets of Langerhans. Conclusion: Omega-3 administration has a highly protective effect on the pancreatic tissue against the hazardous effects of the energy drinks.

Protective Effects of Omega3 on CCl4-Induced Oxidative Stress and Nephrotoxicity in Female Albino Rats

Protective Effects of Omega3 on CCl₄-Induced Oxidative Stress and Nephrotoxicity in Female Albino Rats

Potential Toxic Effect of Bisphenol A on the Cardiac Muscle of Adult Rat and the Possible Protective Effect of Omega-3: A Histological and Immunohistochemical Study.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is intensely used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Recently, BPA has been receiving increased attention due to its link to various health problems that develop after direct or indirect human exposure. Previous studies have shown the harmful effect of high doses of BPA; however, the effect of small doses of BPA on disease development is controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a low dose of BPA on the rat myocardium and to explore the outcome of coadministration of Omega-3 fatty acid (FA). Thirty adult male rats were divided equally into control group, BPA-treated group (1.2 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally for 3 weeks), and BPA and Omega-3-treated group (received BPA as before plus Omega-3 at a daily dose of 300 mg/kg/day orally) for 3 weeks. Exposure to BPA resulted in structural anomalies in the rat myocardium in the form of disarrangement of myofibers, hypertrophy of myocytes, myocardial fibrosis, and dilatation of intramyocardial arterioles. On the other hand, mast cell density and media-to-lumen area ratio were not significantly altered. Interestingly, concomitant administration of Omega-3 FAs with BPA significantly reduced BPA-induced changes and provided a protective effect to the myocardium. In conclusion, exposure to a low dose of BPA could potentially lead to pathological alterations in the myocardium, which could be prevented by administration of Omega-3 FA.

Does omega-3 have a protective effect on the rat adrenal gland exposed to 900 MHz electromagnetic fields?

The aim of this study was to investigate the harmful effects of exposure to 900-megahertz (MHz) electromagnetic fields (EMF) and the protective effects of omega-3 (Omg-3) against EMF in the rat adrenal gland. Eighteen Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned into three groups, control (Cont), EMF, and EMF+Omg-3. The EMF and EMF+Omg-3 groups both consisted of six rats exposed to an EMF of 900MHz for 60min/day for 15days. No procedure was applied to the six rats in the Cont group. At the end of the experiment, all rats were sacrificed, and the mean volumes of the cortex and medulla of the adrenal gland were estimated using a stereological counting technique. The stereological results showed that the mean volume of the adrenal gland increased significantly in the EMF-exposed groups compared to the Cont group. Additionally, the mean volume of the adrenal gland was significantly lower in the EMF+Omg-3 group compared to the EMF group. We suggest that Omg-3 therapy aimed at suppressing the effects of EMF may prove a safe alternative for animals, whether or not they are exposed to EMF.

Effect of antidepressant drug (fluoxetine) on the testes of adult male albino rats and the possible protective role of omega-3

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible protective effect of omega-3 on testicular tissue damage induced by antidepressant drug (fluoxetine), in adult male albino rats. Background Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor drug commonly used in the treatment of depression, but it causes structural changes of testicular tissue. Omega-3 has a range of anti-inflammation and antioxidation. Materials and methods This animal study was carried out during the period from December 2016 to June 2017 on 50 adult male albino rats that were kept in the animal house of the Faculty of Medicine, Menoufiya University, and divided into four groups: group I (control); Group II (omega-3); group III, subdivided into two subgroups – IIIa (fluoxetine) and IIIb (recovery); and group IV (fluoxetine and omega-3). All groups received drugs orally for 4 weeks, and the recovery subgroup was left untreated for another 4 weeks. Then, animals were sacrified and weighted. Testis samples were obtained for histological and immunohistochemical study. Results Fluoxetine-treated rats showed a highly significant decrease of body and testis weight (P Conclusion Omega-3 alleviates testicular damage induced by fluoxetine more than arresting fluoxetine.

A Study of the Effect of Iron and Silicon As Cement Components on Cerebral and Cerebellar cortices of Albino Rats and the Possible Protective Role of Omega 3: A Toxicological and Histological Study

Introduction Cement industry generates dust during its production. The main route of entry of cement dust particles in the body is the respiratory tract and / or the gastrointestinal tract by inhalation or swallowing, producing both respiratory and non-respiratory systems involvement. Content of Portland cement is a mixture of elements that include iron and silicon. Yet, there is a lack of the studies concerned with the effects of cement on different organs in humans or animals. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of two of cement components (silicon and iron) on brain tissues and the possible protective effect of omega-3. Material and methods fifty male adult albino rats were divided into three groups; Group I (control group), Group II (treated group) that was subdivided into three subgroups; subgroup IIa, received iron as ferrous chloride, subgroup IIb, received silicon as sodium silicate and subgroup IIc, received both elements orally for two months and Group III (protected group) received iron and silicon, simultaneously with omega- 3. Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (EDX) analysis was done. Frontal cerebral & cerebellar cortices were subjected for biochemical oxidative assay. Histological study and immunohistochemical staining for Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were performed as well as morphometric study. Results cerebral & cerebellar cortices of treated rats (subgroup IIc) showed peaks for iron and silicon. The profile of oxidative stress markers, in group (II), revealed significantly decreased antioxidant enzymes activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), while malondialdehyde (MDA) level increased significantly as compared with control group. Histological findings of cerebral and cerebellar cortices revealed different degrees of degenerated nerve cells, tissue vacuolation, and degenerated neuropil in group II. Immunohistochemial results showed marked proliferation of astrocytes. The co-administration of omega-3 (group III) showed significant increase of both SOD and CAT activities and significant decrease of MDA. Marked preservation of cerebral and cerebellar cortical tissues was noticed. Conclusion The present work revealed the hazardous effect of cement component (iron and silicon) on cerebral & cerebellar cortices of albino rats. The role of protective effect of omega-3 might find a clinical application against the hazardous effect among the exposed workers. Further studies are needed to magnitude the problem on health.

Effect of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on endothelial function: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

ObjectiveInverse association was reported between omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) supplementation and the risk of cardiovascular disease. Identifying the effect of omega-3 FAs on endothelial function may contribute to explain the association. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the effect of omega-3 FAs supplementation on endothelial function, as measured by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and endothelium-independent vasodilation (EIV). MethodsRandomized placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) were identified from the databases of PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane library by two investigators and the pooled effects were measured by weighted mean difference (WMD), together with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were used to explore the source of between-study heterogeneity. ResultsTotally 16 eligible studies involving 901 participants were finally included in meta-analysis. Compared with placebo, omega-3 FAs supplementation significantly increased FMD by 2.30% (95% CI: 0.89–3.72%, P=0.001), at a dose ranging from 0.45 to 4.5g/d over a median of 56days. Subgroup analyses suggested that the effect of omega-3 FAs on FMD might be modified by the health status of the participants or the dose of supplementation. Sensitivity analyses indicated that the protective effect of omega-3 on endothelial function was robust. No significant change in EIV was observed after omega-3 FAs supplementation (WMD: 0.57%; 95% CI: −0.88 to 2.01%; P=0.442). ConclusionSupplementation of omega-3 fatty acids significantly improves the endothelial function without affecting endothelium-independent dilation.