Prostitution In Europe Research Articles

Anthropological study of european prostitution: experiences and perspectives

This article is an introduction to the journal’s special theme on “Profession and Society: Love for Money” where contributors discuss the place of prostitution in modern culture and everyday life and attempt to examine the phenomenon as viewed locally, in emic perspectives, in various regions of Europe. The canonical model of providing (mostly by women) intimate services for a fee, which became generically known as “national” or “traditional” prostitution, took its distinctive shape in the late 19th century and remained dominant in the market of sexual services up until the recent time. This model, oddly enough, has been understudied in the humanities and social sciences and has received less attention than, for example, some ancient (cult, patriarchal) or modern forms of prostitution (among the latter are “ethnic” forms, which emerged due to the intensification of migration processes, “gender-specific” - such as male or transgender - forms, or various “innovative” forms that have arisen due to the use of webcams, technologies, etc.). The contributors (S.A. Sidneva, A.A. Novik, A.N. Kozhanovsky, A. Maxia, and O.D. Fais-Leutskaia) present an array of viewpoints on the phenomenon of traditional prostitution, offering perspectives grounded in field studies, ethnographic reconstruction, and anthropological analysis of cases examined in a few European regions (Greece, Albania, Spain, Sardinia, and Sicily).

Introduction: prostitution in twentieth century Europe

ABSTRACT Despite the proliferation of diverse historical research on commercial sex in recent years and the recognition of the continued political salience of the topic, prostitution has remained on the margins of the historiography of Europe. This special issue seeks to shift prostitution into the very centre of European history. With its wide geographical focus from Italy to the USSR via Sweden, Germany, occupied Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia, as well as the international stage of the United Nations, this issue encourages comparative perspectives, which have the potential to question, deconstruct and re-adjust distinctions between western, eastern, northern and southern European historical experiences. Historiography on prostitution in Europe has predominantly focused on state-regulated prostitution,which was the dominant approach to managing commercial sex in Europe in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. State regulation combined police surveillance, the registration of women selling sex (or suspected of doing so), and compulsory medical examinations for registered women, as well as various restrictions on personal movement and freedom. The articles in this issue shift focus onto the decades after the abolition of state-regulated prostitution to examine the ruptures and continuities in state, administrative and policing practices following the end of widespread legal toleration. The varied chronology extends the parameters of existing historiography and explores how states grappled to understand, or impose control over, the commercial sex industry following the far-reaching social, economic and political upheaval of the Second World War. In this introduction, the editors sketch out key trends in state approaches to commercial sex in twentieth century Europe, focusing specifically on the law, policing practices and the gendered politics of labour.

The question of the prohibition of prostitution in Europe: A comparative overview of the Nordic and the German- Dutch model and the inconsistencies of the Greek Legislation

This article attempts to analyze and compare the two most influential systems that regulate prostitution in Europe: the Nordic model that is based on the total prohibition of prostitution and on the penalization of the purchase of sexual services and the German-Dutch model that introduces the normalization of prostitution via the legalization of the activity in question and the imposition of State controls and regulations.Furthermore, the article will focus on the policy of the European Union as well as on the Greek legislation regarding the confrontation of the phenomenon of prostitution. As far as the latter is concerned, the inconsistencies of the current legal framework and its applicability problems will be highlighted and the first efforts aiming at an alternative regulation of prostitution will be described.

Women, Migration and Prostitution in Europe: Not a Sex Work Story

Women, Migration and Prostitution in Europe: Not a Sex Work Story

A case for a health promotion framework: the psychosocial experiences of female, migrant sex workers in Ireland

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the barriers preventing women in prostitution from accessing co-ordinated health services in the Republic of Ireland. By examining the experiences of migrant women engaged in prostitution, the research contributes to knowledge pertaining to the psychosocial experiences of female sex workers’ access to healthcare. Design/methodology/approach The study interviewed migrant women across Ireland, using a biographical narrative approach and an adapted voice-centred relational model of analysis to determine the necessity for a health promotion strategy for this demographic. Findings The findings indicate migrant women work primarily indoors, hold precarious legal status and are in Ireland due to processes of globalisation, migration and economic necessity. The women discussed their entry into prostitution and their experiences within prostitution in the context of their psychosocial experiences. Research limitations/implications While the findings are from a small qualitative sample confined to the Republic of Ireland, it is the first study to prioritise migrant sex workers’ psychosocial experiences in Ireland. Practical implications The research concludes education and service development that respects the various social determinants impacting women in prostitution is missing but remains necessary in Ireland. It finds a gendered reform of policies using an ecological framework for health that can address issues of poverty, migration and the global trends of the sex industry. Social implications This means a national review of current services in health, social work and community development fields is timely. Originality/value This paper gives insight into the lives of migrant women involved in the sex industry and can make an important contribution to future research directions and practice in Irish and European prostitution contexts.

Women, Migration, and Prostitution in Europe: Not A Sex Work Story

Women, Migration, and Prostitution in Europe: Not A Sex Work Story

Women, Migration, and Prostitution in Europe: Not a Sex Work Story

Women, Migration, and Prostitution in Europe: Not a Sex Work Story

The Burgher and the Whore: Prostitution in Early Modern Amsterdam, by Lotte van de Pol, tr. Liz Waters

This book fits seamlessly into an extensive historiography on early modern European prostitution. Indeed, aside from its focus on Amsterdam, specialists and even scholars with only a passing familiarity with this subject will find few surprises here. This is not to suggest that it is flawed in research or presentation, for it is not, but the story told is a geographical variation on a well-played tune. In the collective imagination of contemporary culture, Amsterdam and prostitution are often joined. The author was drawn to her subject to explore the history behind this, and she focuses on the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. She scours her main archival source, the ‘Confession Books of the Prisoners’, from 1650 to 1750, and complements it with fictional popular literature, most importantly Het Amsterdamsch Hoerdom (‘Amsterdam Whoredom’), published in 1681 and reprinted throughout the eighteenth century, and a fictional autobiography of an Amsterdam prostitute, D’Openhertige Juffrouw, of d’ontdekte geveinsdheid (‘The Outspoken Damsel, or Hypocrisy Unmasked’) published in 1681 and 1682. Paintings, prints and etchings also support her account, as do descriptions by foreign travellers (which apparently number in the hundreds). This is a deeply researched book.

Introduction: Prostitution Policies in Europe

Prostitution markets in Europe have undergone major transformations in particular in the last three decades, spurring animated debates about how best to regulate them at the international, European, national, and local levels. Given that European countries approach prostitution and its markets in different ways, the landscape of contemporary prostitution policies in Europe presents great variations. The latter are not only found between European countries and regions, but also within countries at sub-national levels. This special issue emerges from the observation of these changes and variations, and builds upon the discussions held at the European Science Foundation workshop Exploring and Comparing Prostitution Policy Regimes in Europe, which took place at Birkbeck, University of London, UK, in September 2010. In the course of this event, a number of European experts on prostitution policy came together to discuss and analyze the complex and diverse issues that account for differences and similarities in the regulation of prostitution in Europe. One of the aspects that arose from the workshop is that whatever the regulatory approach upon which they are based—e.g. criminalization, regulation, abolition—the prostitution policies examined are fraught with ambiguities, lacunae, and contradictions that are reflected in their implementation (or lack of thereof), thus often furthering the vulnerability of individuals operating in the sex industry. The workshop also addressed the current lack of research on the effects of various policy regimes, as well as confusions around prostitution-related concepts and difficulty in translating them across different national contexts and policy levels. This special issue is conceived as a continuation of the exploration of these issues, with the hope of stimulating a broader discussion around them. In presenting different national perspectives, it seeks to highlight the country-specific socio-political and cultural factors as well as global phenomena and processes of Europeanization which contribute to differences in the understanding, responses to, and governance of prostitution across Europe. Also crucial in informing the contributions presented here is the expanding body of critical and multidisciplinary research that has been produced on prostitution, exploring the drivers for recent shifts in prostitution policies and their material and discursive contexts. This body of scholarship includes, among others, works: on changes in the structure and organization of prostitution (Weitzer 2000, 2012; Skilbrei 2001), on transformations in attitudes towards sexuality and gender (Nussbaum 1998; Agustin 2007; Bernstein 2007; Sanchez Taylor 2006; Strompl 2007), on the gentrification of inner cities and the social control of public spaces (Hubbard 2004; Hubbard et al 2008; Canter et al 2009; Loopmans and van den Broeck 2011; Mathieu 2011; Kunkel 2012), on concerns about prostitution posing a threat to national security and public morality (Della Giusta and Munro 2008; Scoular and O'Neill 2007; Wagenaar 2006; Ticktin 2008; Phoenix 2009; Spanger 2011), on the increasing focus on cross1 The scientific report of the event can be found here: http:// www.esf.org/activities/exploratory-workshops/social-sciencesscss.html?year=2010&domain=SCSS

Notas feministas sobre o marco jurídico da migração e do tráfico de mulheres na Europa e Espanha

In this work, we seek to understand aspects of the legal framework of migration, trafficking in women and prostitution in Europe generally and specifically in Spain from an analysis of key regulations in force between 2005/2007 in these contexts. For this, we seek to know how the legislation and the tendency to border closures offer loopholes that lead to exploitation and vulnerability for migrant women who are exercising prostitution in Spain. We have analyzed the following documents: Protocol to prevent, suppress and punish trafficking in persons, especially women and children, in 2000, supplementing the UN Convention against international organized crime, the Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air, supplementing the UN Convention against international organized crime and the Migration Act 1985 Spanish. The policy on trafficking in women and the more conservative positions on migration in the EU has had specific consequences for women. The treaties and laws emphasize, above all, measures of border control and repression of possible committed crimes. This perspective leaves in the background of the rights / immigrants and victims of trafficking of people (it is important to note that the texts of treaties and laws that give rise to trafficking of women identify with migration for prostitution). With regard to prostitution, the Spanish law does not penalize, but also does not regulate the practice of prostitution; makes such activity in a situation of complete illegality, which ultimately increases the vulnerability of prostitutes before abuse and exploitation of all kinds.

Human trafficking and legalized prostitution in the Netherlands

On 1 October 2000, the Netherlands became the first European country to legalize prostitution as a profession, with its rights and duties. On the other hand, this new Dutch law excluded those sex workers, who come from outside the EU. The majority of women working in the sex industry, who are considered illegal migrants in the Netherlands, had two choices: either leaving the country or disappearing into the illegal criminal circuit. For law enforcement and assistant services, it became extremely difficult to control the sector. In this paper, the consequences of the 'Brothel Law' are presented. What happens with illegal non-European sex workers in the Netherlands, how the problem of human trafficking is constructed in Dutch media and combated in the country, what could be learned from the 'Dutch case'? The paper aims to answer these questions and contribute to the general study on human trafficking and voluntary prostitution in Europe.

International Voluntary Associations, Local Social Movements and State Paths to the Abolition of Regulated Prostitution in Europe, 1875–1950

The literature on globalization and social movements emphasizes the ability of international non-governmental organizations to influence states and foster domestic social change. This article examines the dynamics of this process in an early international movement to combat prostitution in the late 1800s. Why did reformers succeed in their goal of abolishing the state regulation of prostitution earlier in some countries compared to others? A qualitative comparativehistorical approach is used to outline local social movement dynamics and consequent paths to abolition in a subset of European countries (i.e. the Netherlands, France and Germany), as influenced by two international voluntary associations. The findings show that contestation between the associations – one more transnational than the other in practice – hampered abolitionist successes. International voluntary associations’ organization, alliances and cultural framings, as they operated in local settings, affected the form of local movements as well as their outcomes. Rather than challenging state interests, international associations sometimes help to reinforce them.

Prostitution Policy in Europe: A Time of Change?

There has been considerable recent debate about prostitution in Europe that reflects concerns about health, employment and human rights. Legal changes are being introduced in many countries. We focus on two examples in order to discuss the likely implications. A new law in The Netherlands is normalizing aspects of the sex industry through decriminalizing both workers and businesses. In Sweden, on the other hand, prostitution is considered to be a social problem, and a new law criminalizes the purchasers of sexual services in an attempt to reduce demand. Both reforms appear to have had their desired effect at one level; in The Netherlands, health and safety regulations will be introduced as in any other job, and EU sex workers gain full social, legal and employment rights; in Sweden there was initially a tenfold decrease in the numbers of women working visibly on the streets, and some workers have left the industry. However, in both countries, the new legislation has also driven some sex work underground. Many sex workers are excluded by the Dutch system and move underground to become effectively invisible to the authorities. In Sweden sex workers and their clients also become less visible in order that the latter can avoid sanction. Social and economic changes, such as increased migration and the growing use of the Internet will also render the sex industry less visible both to state regulation and to health care workers. The major problems of prostitution for the workers remain exploitation, stigma, abuse and criminalization. These are not unique to the industry, and can only be tackled effectively by the self-organization of sex workers into unions and rights groups, along with full decriminalization. An alternative vision is promised through self-organization and anti-racist actions by sex workers in Germany; normalization and workers’ rights are tackled alongside training programmes for those seeking alternatives. Policy makers throughout Europe would do well to look at their experience and not simply at the clash of legal reforms.

The Problem of European Prostitution in Johannesburg.Louis Franklin Freed

Previous articleNext article No AccessBook ReviewsThe Problem of European Prostitution in Johannesburg. Louis Franklin Freed Harvey L. SmithHarvey L. Smith Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by American Journal of Sociology Volume 55, Number 4Jan., 1950 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/220575 Views: 1Total views on this site PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

REVIEWS AND NOTICES OF BOOKS.

British Journal of InebrietyVolume 17, Issue 2 p. 48-56 REVIEWS AND NOTICES OF BOOKS. First published: October 1919 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1919.tb04362.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Abstract Reviews in This Article On Longevity and Means for the Prolongation of Life. By Sir Hermann Weber, M.D., F.R.C.P. Edited by F. Parkes Weber, M.D., F.R.G.P., with a Preface by Sir Clifford Allbutt, K.C.B., F.R.S. Fifth enlarged edition, revised and partly rewritten. Pp. The Human Machine and Industrial Efficiency. By Frederick S. Lee, Ph.D., LL.D., Dalton Professor of Physiology in Columbia University. Pp. Vicious Circles In Disease. By Jamieson B. Hurry, M.A., M.D. Third and Enlarged Edition. Pp. Prostitution In Europe. By Abraham Flexner. Abridged Edition. Pp. Native Races And Their Rulers : Sketches and Studies of Official Life and Administrative Problems in Nigeria. By C. L. Temple, C.M.G., F.R.G.S., late Lieut.-Governor, Nórthern Provinces, Nigeria. Pp. The Religion Of A Doctor. By T. Bodley Scott. Pp. Psychic Science : An Introduction and Contribution to the Experimental Study of Psychical Phenomena. By Emile Boirac, Rector of the Dijon Academy. Translated by Dudley Wright. Pp. The A B C OF Exhibit Planning. By Evart G. Routzahn and Mary Swain Routzahn. Pp. The Romance of the Red Triangle. By Sir Arthur K. Yapp, K.B.E. Pp. Fishermen In War Time. By Walter Wood. Author of “Men of the North Sea,” etc. Pp. Volume17, Issue2October 1919Pages 48-56 RelatedInformation

Prostitution in Europe. By Abraham Flexner. Introduction by John D. Rockefeller, Jr. New York: The Century Co. 1914

National Municipal ReviewVolume 3, Issue 3 p. 640-642 Book Review Prostitution in Europe. By Abraham Flexner. Introduction by John D. Rockefeller, Jr. New York: The Century Co. 1914 Mary Beard, Mary Beard New York CitySearch for more papers by this author Mary Beard, Mary Beard New York CitySearch for more papers by this author First published: July 1914 https://doi.org/10.1002/ncr.4110030323AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume3, Issue3July 1914Pages 640-642 RelatedInformation

Prostitution in Europe

Prostitution in Europe

Prostitution in Europe

Prostitution in Europe