Prosthetic Restoration Research Articles

Silicone cure inhibition with material jetting additive manufacturing utilized for facial prosthesis fabrication - A clinical report.

This clinical report outlines the prosthetic restoration of a 92-year-old Caucasian patient who underwent a partial rhinectomy. Utilizing CAD-CAM technology, scanning and design were accomplished digitally, and material jetting additive manufacturing was used to create a two-piece mold for a partial nasal silicone prosthesis. An unprecedented challenge was observed involving cure inhibition when the silicone came into contact with the additively manufactured (AM) material, and multiple attempted strategies to remedy this situation were discussed. The report emphasizes the critical need for further research to optimize digital workflows in prosthetic facial rehabilitation.

Prosthetic restoration in frontal maxillary area using digital technologies: Case presentation (Part I)

Abstract Digital technologies represent new alternatives in prosthetic rehabilitation of all kinds of maxillary or mandibular spans. This article is composed of two parts, in which different technological aspects will be presented regarding the prosthetic restoration of frontal maxillary areas using the CAD-CAM technology, but using different material for resistance framework, both veneered with ceramic materials to restore the aesthetics. The main materials that will be used are: Co-Cr dental alloy and zirconium dioxide (zirconia).

Comparison of the Effects of Mucosa Tissue Healing with Chlorhexidine Digluconate and Choline Salicylate in Patients Wearing a Removable Prosthetic Restoration—A RCT

Background and Objectives: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted based on the CONSORT study protocol for randomized clinical trials (NCT06531720) to compare the effectiveness of oral mucosa healing properties of 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) and 8.7% choline salicylate (CHS), as well as a control group (CON) with no intervention, in patients with delivered partial removable dentures (PRDs). Materials and Methods: Patients (n = 27) who were enrolled in the study were healthy subjects according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria, and they received new PRDs to complement Kennedy’s class III and IV deficiencies. During the process of adaptation to new prosthetic restorations, OMLs were formed and treated with one of two selected preparations, either CHX = 0.2% or CHS = 8.7%, in relation to the control group (CON). The wound surface area (WSA) (mm2) was measured on repeatable intraoral images taken in accordance with the examination protocol on the first control visit on day 1, day 3, day 7, day 10, and day 14 with the assistance of computer software. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between groups. The fastest effect of WSA complete reduction was observed in the CHX group after 7 days (WAS = 0.78, SD = 1.18) in comparison to CHS = 10 days (WAS = 0.44, SD = 0.90) and CON = 14 days (WAS = 0.22, SD = 0.67). The decrease in the WSA after 7 days of observation was 85.1% in the CHX group, 70.1% in the CHS group, and 59.2% in the CON group. Conclusions: The WSA decreased most rapidly after 7 days of treatment with 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), slightly more slowly after 10 days of treatment with 8.7% choline salicylate (CHS), and relatively most slowly in the CON group, who were not treated with any topical medication after 14 days. Oral mucosa lesions (OMLs) therapy during the process of adaptation to new removable prosthetic restorations is a very important element supporting the whole process. Topical medications containing 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate are indicated as adjunctive therapy in the process of the supportive treatment and disinfection of oral mucosa lesions. However, this does not release the dentist from liability for the careful adjustment of the removable prosthetic restoration.

Effectiveness of a New Broadrick Flag Support for Assisting Students With the Design of an Occlusal Plane.

Prosthetic restorations require functional occlusal planes to ensure therapeutic success. The purpose of the present study was to develop a new Broadrick flag support for a semi-adjustable articulator and to investigate the effectiveness of occlusal planes drawn using the Broadrick flag method by inexperienced practitioners in complex situations such as skeletal class II relationships associated with edentulous areas. MÉTHODOLOGY: The Broadrick flag support was designed and manufactured by the additive technique and was adapted to the Quick Master articulator. The QR code of the manufacturing file of the Broadrick flag support is accessible to any practitioner. Thirty-seven third-year students (inexperienced practitioners) were randomised into two groups for drawing occlusal planes on two models either with or without the Broadrick flag method. A prosthodontic professor (experienced practitioner) drew occlusal planes on the models to serve as references. Each model was analysed using a standardised method to measure the distances between the occlusal planes drawn by experienced and inexperienced practitioners. RÉSULTS: Only the distance measured for the right second molar of the first model with the Broadrick flag method was significantly shorter than those measured without using this method (p < 0.05, Wilcoxon test). Visual observations showed that only the second molar drawings of the inexperienced practitioners were above the drawings of the experienced practitioner. The Broadrick flag method helped inexperienced practitioners to draw occlusal planes of models in complex skeletal class II relationships associated with edentulous areas with natural teeth located both anterior and posterior to them.

Alternative Treatments for Zirconium Oxide to Compare Commonly Used Surface Treatments to Determine Which Has the Least Effect on the Phase Transformation.

Traditional mechanical processing of zirconium leads to an unfavorable transformation, from a metastable tetragonal phase to a monoclinic phase (t→m), which weakens the structure of the material and subsequently leads to damage to the prosthetic restoration. The aim of this research is to compare commonly used surface treatments to determine which has the least effect on t→m. Thirty cylindrical samples made of sintered zirconium were divided into six groups based on the following treatments: polishing, grinding, sandblasting, chemical etching, laser structuring or dry plasma etching. After surface treatment, the samples were subjected to the following tests: X-Ray Diffraction, microscopic examination, surface wettability and surface roughness measurements. Chemical etching, laser structuring and plasma etching significantly reduce the content of the monoclinic phase. All surface treatments significantly reduced the final amount of the monoclinic phase. However, chemical etching did not provide sufficient surface roughness. Both laser and plasma processing offer the advantage of creating structural patterns on the surface of elements. However, as plasma etching requires a mask to obtain the appropriate pattern on the surface, it seems that laser processing offers more and varied structuring possibilities. Laser structuring is easier to control and more economical than the other methods.

Automating Dental Condition Detection on Panoramic Radiographs: Challenges, Pitfalls, and Opportunities.

Background/Objectives: The integration of AI into dentistry holds promise for improving diagnostic workflows, particularly in the detection of dental pathologies and pre-radiotherapy screening for head and neck cancer patients. This study aimed to develop and validate an AI model for detecting various dental conditions, with a focus on identifying teeth at risk prior to radiotherapy. Methods: A YOLOv8 model was trained on a dataset of 1628 annotated panoramic radiographs and externally validated on 180 radiographs from multiple centers. The model was designed to detect a variety of dental conditions, including periapical lesions, impacted teeth, root fragments, prosthetic restorations, and orthodontic devices. Results: The model showed strong performance in detecting implants, endodontic treatments, and surgical devices, with precision and recall values exceeding 0.8 for several conditions. However, performance declined during external validation, highlighting the need for improvements in generalizability. Conclusions: YOLOv8 demonstrated robust detection capabilities for several dental conditions, especially in training data. However, further refinement is needed to enhance generalizability in external datasets and improve performance for conditions like periapical lesions and bone loss.

Quality of Life After Microvascular Alveolar Ridge Reconstruction with Subsequent Dental Rehabilitation

Background/Objectives: Defects in maxillary and mandibular alveolar ridges are common in maxillofacial practice. Reconstruction with microvascular bone grafts and subsequent prosthetic rehabilitation is the gold standard treatment. This study investigated patients’ quality of life (QoL) after microvascular alveolar ridge reconstruction with subsequent dental rehabilitation. The effect of the underlying disease and success rates of the prosthetic treatment on QoL were analysed. Methods: OHIP-49 was used to evaluate oral health-related QoL (OHrQoL). The SF-36 was used to assess disease-nonspecific QoL. Results: Fifty-eight patients were enrolled and divided into four diagnostic (malignancy, osteoradionecrosis, benign disease, and cleft palate) and five prosthetic groups (no prosthetics, removable partial dentures, complete dentures, implant-supported removable dentures, and implant-supported fixed dentures). There was a significant difference between the diagnostic groups in the total score of their OHIP-49 (p = 0.008). Patients with malignant disease and osteoradionecrosis had worse QoL scores than those with benign diseases and cleft palate. Implant-supported prostheses had the best OHrQoL. Removable partial dentures and patients in whom dental rehabilitation was not possible had the worst OHrQoL (p = 0.042). The SF-36 subscale score showed no statistically significant differences between the diagnostic and prosthetic groups (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusions: OHrQoL after microvascular alveolar ridge reconstruction differs significantly based on underlying diagnoses and prosthetic restorations. Benign diseases and implant-supported dentures have the highest scores.

Oral State and Salivary Cortisol in Multiple Sclerosis Patients.

Background: MS patients experience gradual and progressive functional limitation, bulbar symptoms, cognitive dysfunction, and psychiatric disorders that can impinge on oral status. This study aimed to investigate the oral state, oral hygiene habits, and salivary cortisol levels in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) compared to healthy controls. It also evaluated systemic parameters: disease duration, type of Disease Modifying Therapy (DMT), disability score, professional activity, and smoking in the study group. Methods: This study included 101 patients (71 women and 30 men, aged 16-71 years) and 51 healthy volunteers (36 women and 15 men, aged 28-82 years). The oral examination assessed the number of teeth, type and number of dental fillings and prosthetic restoration, oral hygiene state, and salivary cortisol. Results: It was found that MS patients had significantly more professional activity, swallowing problems, pronunciation issues, dry mouth, and taste disturbances than the control group. They brushed their teeth twice daily significantly less often. The API was higher, while the SBI was lower in MS patients. Disease duration positively correlated with age and number of missing teeth. The Expanded Disability Status Scale positively correlated with age, disease duration, number of missing teeth, number of composite fillings, and right and left-hand Nine Hole Peg test scores, and negatively correlated with the Sulcus Bleeding Index. Salivary cortisol levels did not differ between groups and correlated only with the disability scale. Conclusions: MS patients require ongoing dental care and preventive measures to manage both general and oral health symptoms effectively.

Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Improvement After Treatment With Fixed and Removable Dental Prostheses.

Missing teeth negatively affect oral functions and masticatory efficiency, which in turn can reduce a person's quality of life (QoL). This study is aimed at evaluating the effect of dental prostheses on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in adults. This is an observational study to measure patients' OHRQoL using a cohort study design before and after treatment with different dental prostheses (fixed and removable). Ninety-seven patients who received dental prostheses responded to a questionnaire before dental prosthetic treatment and then after the completion of the treatment. The conduction was face-to-face or via telephone interviews. The questionnaire is divided into two parts to verify the demographic and the patient's related factors and to measure OHRQoL using the Oral Health Impact Profile-5 (OHIP-5). Descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, and multivariable analysis were conducted using Stata Statistical Software: Release 14.2 (2016; StataCorp LLC, College Station, Texas, United States) and were at a 0.05 significance level. Data were collected from the 97 patients, of which 70% were male with a mean age of 39.5 and 30% were female with a mean age of 43. The educational level showed that only 15% of the patients received a bachelor's degree and that the remaining 85% stopped at a high school general educational level. The received prosthetic treatment consisted of 23% single crowns, 29% fixed partial dentures (FPD), 20% removable partial dentures (RPD), and 28% complete dentures. Self-reported overall health indicated that 64% of the patients had very good health and 36% had good health or a lower quality of health. There was a significant difference in OHIP scores before prosthetic treatment (M=5.4, SD=0.57) and after prosthetic treatment (M=3.2, SD=0.49) with no significant difference in the reduction in OHIP scores between fixed prostheses (M=-2.8, SD=0.64) and removable prostheses (M=-1.5, SD=0.74). The amount of improvement in OHIP answers after wearing a prosthesis was significant (p<0.0001). Linear regression indicated that having a history of discomfort from general oral health improved (decreased OHIP score) by 2.2 after prosthetic dental treatment compared to participants without a history of general oral health discomfort when all other variables are held constant. Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that restoration of missing teeth with a dental prosthesis has an immense impact on individuals' QoL, regardless of the type of dental prosthetic restoration.

Effectiveness of dietary intervention in geriatric patients receiving new complete dentures: A randomized controlled trial

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a tailored progressive dietary intervention against the standard care instructions on the nutritional status and nutrient intake in geriatric patients receiving new complete dentures. Settings and Design: Randomized controlled trial. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted on completely edentulous patients seeking complete dentures. The participants were randomly allocated into two groups, and each group received a separate set of advice. The cognitive function was assessed using the mini–mental state examination (MMSE) form. The outcome measures were assessed at the baseline and 3 months after denture insertion. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) form was used to evaluate the nutritional status and the nutrient intake was calculated by a 3-day 24-h dietary recall and fed into the DietCal software. Statistical Analysis Used: The analysis was done using the independent sample t-test, paired sample t-test, and analysis of co-variance. The significance level was set at 0.05 for all tests. Results: In total, 68 participants completed the trial. There were no significant differences in food intake between the two groups at baseline. However, at 3-month follow-up, the intervention group displayed a statistically significant improvement in body mass index (BMI) compared to the control group. Although the nutrient intake such as protein, dietary fiber, total fat, calcium, carbohydrate, energy, iron, and Vitamin B12 was higher in the intervention group than in the control group, it was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Simple, tailored dietary intervention with prosthetic restoration of the edentulous patients significantly improved BMI and MNA scores.

Improvement of the Facial and Dental Esthetics With Surgery-Only Approach.

With the development and introduction of orthodontic techniques and surgical protocols, modern patient prototypes are emerging. This paves the way for new approaches to the treatment of dentomaxillofacial deformities. The aim of the authors' study is to determine the appropriate timing and procedure for orthognathic surgery and to obtain the best patient and physician-oriented results. It is stated that surgery first and surgery only approaches are protocols that increase the motivation for treatment, with esthetic improvement being the priority. In this case report, the treatment of the authors' patient, who complained of asymmetry and planned to have a prosthetic restoration after correction of the skeletal deformity, with only a surgical protocol, is described. Treatment of dentomaxillofacial deformities involves a comprehensive analysis of patient, orthodontist, and surgeon-specific variables. Within appropriate indications, only a surgical approach can be an ideal approach for patients and specialist physicians in a short time.

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF TWO DIFFERENT RESIN CEMENT TO ZIRCONIA AFTER SURFACE TREATMENT USING ER:YAG LASER: AN IN VITRO STUDY

Zirconia (ZrO2), a crystalline dioxide of zirconium, boasts metal-like mechanical properties and a tooth-like color. Creating a ZrO2 core for prosthetic restorations necessitates a CAD/CAM system adept at handling zirconia. Resin-bonded luting is the top choice for zirconia ceramic restorations, with tribochemical treatment preferred for surface preparation before resin cement luting. Clinical trials indicate that resin cementation improves adhesion and mechanical properties of zirconia restorations. While studies on sandblastings effect on shear bond strength to zirconia exist, more data is needed on the impact of sandblasting and laser treatment on yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia. This study examines the shear bond strength of two resin cements to zirconia after Er:YAG laser treatment.

An Evaluation of the Accuracy of Digital Models-An In Vitro Study.

Intraoral scanning technology has opened new perspectives in dental practice, and combined with CAD/CAM technology, contributes significantly to fabricating high-quality prosthetic restorations. Our in vitro study aims to assess the accuracy of digital models obtained from one laboratory and two less commonly used intraoral scanners by conducting 3D measurements on the digital models obtained. An articulated simulator cast was used. Forty-eight scans were performed before and after tooth preparation with each scanner. The Zeiss Inspect software (Version: 2023.3.0.969) was used for measurements in sagittal and transversal planes. The obtained values were compared to reference values resulting from manual measurements. Digital impressions provided discrepancies compared to the reference model. The lowest differences at the A2-L2 (the diagonal dimension of the models from the distal fossa of the second right maxillary molar and the maximum oral convexity of the artificial gingiva at the first left premolar) and the A1-B1 (transversal dimension of the model in the posterior area, from the right second molar's occlusal central fossa to the left second molar central fossa) distances were obtained for the upper models, and at the a1-b1 distance for all the lower models, except the non-prepared models scanned with the intraoral scanners (the discrepancies were not statistically significant). The discrepancies increased with the distance from the starting point of the scan. The number and position of prepared teeth can influence the accuracy of the scans. Distortions can appear in the case of multiple preparations. The scanning protocol and calibration must be optimized for the highest accuracy. Furthermore, in vivo studies are necessary to evaluate the clinical applicability of these findings.

Methods of Processing Dental Chromium-Cobalt Alloys for Production of Metal Frameworks Faced with Ceramics to Obtain the Best Mechanical Properties.

BACKGROUND Modern prosthetic technologies make it possible to fabricate prosthetic restorations without material loss and to make prosthetic restorations with complex geometric shapes in a relatively simple way. One such technology is selective laser melting (SLM), or additive manufacturing of metal materials, better known as 3D printing from metal or selective laser melting, but currently the most commonly used method is casting. The present study investigated use of dental chromium-cobalt alloys for prosthetic bridges and compared methods of processing dental chromium-cobalt alloys to obtain the best mechanical properties. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used dental chromium-cobalt alloy (SCHEFTNER GMBH) for laser melting StarbondCoSEeasy Powder with grain size of 10-30 µm and StarbondCoS alloy casting, made in accordance with the European standard EN ISO 22674. SLM-made specimens and induction melted alloy castings were prepared for the study. A centrifugal casting system with induction current melting of the metal alloy was used to produce the samples. The melting and casting process is automatic and limits changes in chemical composition. RESULTS The results show that none of the samples changed their chemical composition, while the samples made by SLM had better mechanical properties. CONCLUSIONS The SLM technique makes it possible to produce restorations faster and cheaper without any loss of quality compared to restorations made with the casting technique. Casting technology reduces mechanical properties, but still provides good mechanical properties.

Assessment of the Vertical Dimension of Occlusion Using Palm Width and Finger Length.

Background and Objectives: The vertical dimension of occlusion's (VDO) assessment is a highly important issue in the everyday dentist's practice. Patients with unstable occlusion, lost occlusal stops, extensive tooth loss in the lateral area, or complete edentulism need a proper assessment of the VDO before the prosthetic restoration is carried out. Subjective and objective methods were used over time for the restoration of VDO. The study aimed to investigate the possible correlation between finger length, palm width and the vertical dimension of occlusion. Materials and Methods: Assessment of the VDO for 236 subjects, Romanian and French dental students, was performed using the Willis Bite Gauge. The left hand of the subjects was scanned using a flat-bed scanner, and then measurements of palm width and finger length were carried out for each subject. Comparison between VDO values and finger length/palm width was conducted using one-way ANOVA and Student t-Test. Results: Higher VDO average values were found in French subjects compared with Romanian students. The same results were found according to gender; in both female and male subjects, lower values of VDO were found in the Romanian group. Higher values were obtained for women within each group when comparing to men. Statistically significant correlations of the analyzed parameters and VDO values were found. Higher statistical correlations of the studied variables were found for men compared to women in both groups. The highest statistical correlation was obtained between the VDO and the palm width measured at the fingerbase, followed by the middle finger length. Conclusions: The results showed the highest statistical correlation between the vertical dimension of occlusion and the palm width measured at the fingers' base. Statistical correlations were also found between the VDO and the middle finger length. Simple formulas using finger length/palm width can be used for a rapid VDO determination.

DentAge: Deep learning for automated age prediction using panoramic dental X-ray images.

Age estimation plays a crucial role in various fields, including forensic science and anthropology. This study aims to develop and validate DentAge, a deep-learning model for automated age prediction using panoramic dental X-ray images. DentAge was trained on a dataset comprising 21,007 panoramic dental X-ray images sourced from a private dental center in Slovenia. The dataset included subjects aged 4 to 97 years with various dental conditions. Transfer learning was employed, initializing the model with ImageNet weights and fine-tuning on the dental image dataset. The model was trained using stochastic gradient descent with momentum, and mean absolute error (MAE) served as the objective function. Across the test dataset, DentAge achieved an MAE of 3.12 years, demonstrating its efficacy in age prediction. Notably, the model performed well across different age groups, with MAEs ranging from 1.94 (age group [10-20]) to 13.40 years (age group [90-100]). Visual evaluation revealed factors contributing to prediction errors, including prosthetic restorations, tooth loss, and bone resorption. DentAge represents a significant advancement in automated age prediction within dentistry. The model's robust performance across diverse age groups and dental conditions underscores its potential utility in real-world scenarios. Our model will be accessible to the public for further adjustments and validation, ensuring DentAge's effectiveness and trustworthiness in practical scenarios.

ORAL HEALTH AND THE NEED FOR DENTAL CARE IN A GROUP OF PATIENTS FROM OLTENIA

(1) Background: Oral diseases are a major health burden in many countries and affect people throughout life, causing pain, discomfort, changes in facial physiognomy, and even death. The aim of the study was to determine dental treatment needs in a group of patients from Oltenia; (2) Methods: The retrospective study included 813 people, 341 men and 472 women, aged 6-93 years, presented for diagnosis and dental treatment between 2008-2018. The dental records of patients were used to evaluate the state of oral health, and the treatment needs of the patients. Data were collected and stratified into a database in Excel Windows (3) Results: Dental treatment needs included: oral health education sessions (33%), periodontal treatment (30.62%), fillings or other types of direct or indirect dental restorations (20.04%), including endodontic treatments, non-carious lesions treatment, extractions (27.42%), prosthetic restorations (71.83%), of which 10.08% complete dentures or overdentures with tooth or implant support and 43.9% partial dentures or bridges with tooth or implant support. (4) Conclusions: Social factors (socio-economic status and education of the population) and behavioral factors (diet and dental hygiene) have a great influence on dental health status.

Current applications of three-dimensional (3D) printing in pediatric dentistry: a literature review.

Advancements in 3D printing technology are providing a new direction in pediatric dentistry by offering innovative solutions to traditional challenges. The remarkable expansion of 3D printing necessitates a comprehensive examination of its status and applications in the dental field, particularly in the pediatric dentistry. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the applications of 3D printing in pediatric dental practices by drawing from a systematic search across databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo and the Cochrane Library. The search strategy employed a combination of keywords: "Digital dentistry and 3D printing", "3D printing technology in dentistry", "3D printing in pediatric dentistry" and "3D printing in pediatric dental procedures". The review encompasses a wide array of studies, including original research, cross-sectional analyses, case reports and reviews. A detailed overview is presented in regard to the use of 3D printing for master and educational models, space maintainers, prosthetic restorations, surgical guide, splint design and fracture treatment, fluoride application, autogenous dental transplantation, anterior teeth restoration, and pediatric endodontics and regenerative treatments. This review shows that 3D printing improves clinical outcomes through personalized and precise treatment options and enhances dental students' educational landscape. Areas lacking extensive research were also identified, which warrent further investigation to optimize the integration of 3D printing in pediatric dentistry. By mapping out the current landscape and future directions, the aim of this paper is to support pediatric dentists in recognizing the broad implications of 3D printing for improving patient care and advancing dental education.

In Vitro Study Of Molar Tooth With Endodontic Treatment At Endocrown Successful Prosthetic Rehabilitation

Background: Side teeth, having a decisive role for mastication, require special attention after endodontic treatment. The rehabilitation of these teeth includes the analysis of current restoration techniques, materials used, as well as aesthetic and functional impact on the patient. Through a multidisciplinary approach, it aims not only to recover dental function, but also to improve the quality of life of the patient by restoring a healthy and harmonious smile. Materials and Methods: In this study, we conducted tests on 30 extracted teeth that had whole or partially whole dental crowns, the condition of selecting the tooth in the study being at least 3 mm of dental tissue present, and, necessary for the subsequent prosthetic preparation for endocrown prosthetics. The 30 teeth were divided into 6 batches, the control group (A) being made up only of integral teeth that were milling for covering crowns. The other teeth were divided into 5 batches (B-F) of 5 teeth, the teeth were endodontically treated and milling for prosthetic rehabilitation with endocrown. Each lot (B-F) benefited from a preparation of coronoradicular cylindrical shape of different depths between 0.5-2,5mm, on the occlusal face of the tooth in the endodontic access area, in order to increase the surface of the retention coronary dental tissues for the stability of the prosthetic crowns of the coating. Each tooth in A-F batches has benefited from 3 crowns made of the same material through 3 different technologies. Results: The values recorded by the A-lot, rehabilitated with crowns of sheathing on integral teeth, recorded an average value of the crown extraction force on tooth of 25.42±0.55 for CAD-CAM technology, for crowns made by baro-thermo-polymerization technique an average of 24,14±0,37, and for hot polymerization technique an average of 23,66±0,37. For B-F batches, the closest values for the extraction of endocorons were obtained by lot D with a preparation in the corono-radicular axe of 1,5mm, both for the CAD-CAM technology with a average of 25,74±1,91, and for the technique baro-thermo polymerization with an average of 24,92±1,83. For the technique of hot polymerization batch E, who has a preparation of 2 mm in the corono-radicular axe, recording an average of the extraction force of the endocrown of 23.56±2.05. Conclusion: The success of endodontic treatment also depends on prosthetic restoration for a long-term oral rehabilitation

DIGITAL RESTORATIVE PROCEDURES IN DENTISTRY

ABSTRACT The integration of digital technologies in restorative dentistry has significantly transformed clinical workflows, enhancing precision, efficiency, and patient outcomes. This article explores the pivotal role of various digital procedures in modern dental practices. Digital imaging techniques have revolutionized diagnostic capabilities, providing high-resolution, detailed visualizations essential for accurate treatment planning. Digital cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has further refined diagnostic accuracy, enabling three-dimensional assessment of dental structures, which is crucial for implantology and complex restorative cases. Digital caries detection methods offer enhanced early detection of carious lesions, improving preventative care and treatment outcomes. The advent of digital impression systems has streamlined the process of capturing accurate dental impressions, reducing patient discomfort and enhancing the precision of prosthetic restorations. Additionally, digital design-manufacturing (CAD/CAM) systems have facilitated the rapid production of high-quality dental restorations, allowing for same-day procedures and greater customization. Collectively, these digital advancements are reshaping the landscape of restorative dentistry, offering unprecedented opportunities for improving the accuracy, efficiency, and overall success of dental restorations. This review aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the current state of digital restorative procedures in dentistry, with a focus on the latest technological advancements and their clinical implications. Keywords: Dentistry, digital technology, CAD/CAM, CBCT.