Prosthetic Need Research Articles

Mechanical Engineering Solutions For Healthcare Accessibility And Affordability In Public Health

The commercial outlook for the healthcare industry is bright these days, both globally and in India. The need for prosthetics, implants, and surgical equipment, among other specialised or customised medical devices, is growing daily. Investigating personalised medical gadgets is crucial to take advantage of upcoming business prospects. In order to expand this commercial opportunity in terms of customised medical devices, additive manufacturing, or AM, can be extremely important. Further investigation into the public healthcare system revealed that the laparoscopic surgical method necessitates the use of specially made, ergonomic surgical instruments. Because laparoscopic surgery is done by staring at a monitor rather than making direct touch with the organs like open surgery does, surgeons doing this sort of procedure often lack hand-eye coordination. Surgical mistakes were discovered with this surgical method. The laparoscopic surgical instrument is the only interface device, and it must be designed to improve coordination and feel responsive during the procedure.

Oral Health Status of the Institutionalized Elderly in Mangalore City, Karnataka, South India: Extents, Insights and Action

Oral diseases are progressive and cumulative across the life span and due to this reason, the oral health of the institutionalized elderly is of concern within the realm of geriatric care. An improvement in oral health among the institutionalized elderly will boost their social life, self-confidence, mastication and nutritional status, thereby bringing a positive outlook. To assess the periodontal status, dental caries experience, prosthetic status, and prosthetic need of institutionalized elderly in Mangalore. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the dental caries experience, periodontal status, prosthetic status, and prosthetic needs of 143 elderly individuals living in geriatric homes in Mangalore city. The demographic data, periodontal status, prosthetic status, and prosthetic need was obtained using the WHO Oral Health Assessment Form 1997. Dental caries experience was recorded according to the WHO modified DMFT Index. Descriptive statistics was obtained using SPSS version 16. The mean dental caries experience of the study subjects was 8.80. The presence of supra or sub gingival calculus was noted in 44.8 % of the subjects and the presence of a pathological pocket of 4 mm or more was seen in 32 %. About 33 of the subjects did not require any kind of prosthesis in the upper & lower arch. From this survey of the institutionalized elderly population, it was evident that, half of them had supra or subgingival calculus deposits and more than 76.9 % have one or the other need for a prosthesis. Keywords Edentulousness, Elderly inmates, Old age homes, Oral health

UNMET PROSTHODONTIC NEEDS AND ORAL HEALTH RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG TRADERS IN AN URBAN KANO MARKET: A PILOT SURVEY

ABSTRACT: Objectives: Prosthodontic needs may affect oral health quality of life among subsets of an urban population like traders in urban markets. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the impact of unmet prosthetic needs on Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) among traders in urban markets within Kano metropolis. Materials and Methods: Institutional Ethical approval was obtained. Study location was selected after a stratified sampling of available markets. A study proforma retrieving information on sociodemographic, prosthetic status and needs; and, the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) was administered on consenting participants. Retrieved data were summarized as frequencies, percentages and means. Prosthetic needs were quantified and assessed to derive patterns and odds ratios across participants sociodemographic characteristics. Rank Correlation and subgroup analyses were to assess the relationship between prosthetic need and OHIP-14 scores and how this is influenced by gender and age. Results: A total of 360 individuals participated in the study. There were 274 (76%) males and 86 (24%) females. Their ages ranged from 18 to 85 years with a mean age of 35.9 ± 14.8 years. A comparable percentage of participants were either married (48%), or had never been married (44.1%). Participants who identified as Muslim (84.7%) predominated, and Hausa/Fulani (69.4%) were the predominant ethnic identity. Many (48.1%) of participants had at least a secondary school level of education. About a fifth (79 or 21.9%) of the participants had a prosthodontic need. Unmet needs were present in 51(64.6%) of this segment of the participants. Females were more likely to have a prosthesis (OR = 2.01; 95% CI: 0.90, 4.74). Prostheses were more common among participants 50 years or older (OR=7.49; 95% CI:1.50, 37.29) and were about 3.5 times more likely to be found in individuals who had at least a secondary school education. Mean OHIP-14 scores was 1.3±3.9 in those without prosthetic needs and 13.1±12.7 for those with needs. Prosthetic need influenced OHIP=14 scores in all tested domains (p<0.001). Prosthetic needs correlated with OHIP-14 scores (rs=0.64, p<0.001). The correlation between prosthetic needs and OHIP-14 scores was stronger in females (p<0.001) and with increasing age (p<0.001). Conclusion: There was a high level of unmet prosthetic need within the studied population. Prosthetic need was inversely related to Oral Health Related Quality of Life. Increasing age and female gender were directly related to prosthetic needs and prosthetic status.

Structural and Functional Characteristics of the Oral Cavity Organs and Tissues in Workers of the Petrochemical Industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine the dental status, level, and structure of dental diseases, as well as to identify some clinical and functional deviations in the organs and tissues of the oral cavity among workers in certain industrial enterprises. Methodology: A comprehensive dental examination was conducted on 1600 individuals, including 420 from the Fergana Oil Refinery Plant (FNPP - main group (MG)-1), 425 from the Almalyk Mining and Metallurgical Plant (AGMK - MG-2), and 605 from the Navoi Chemical Plant (NavCP - MG-3), as well as 150 patients as a control group (CG) who visited a dental clinic. Tooth sensitivity (TS), pain and discriminatory sensitivity (PS and DS) of the oral mucosa, taste perception threshold, and functional mobility of the taste receptors on the tongue, enamel resistance to caries, microhardness (MH) of enamel and dentin, and the condition of periodontal tissues and pH of mixed saliva were determined. The data obtained were processed using statistical methods. Findings: It was determined that the levels and relative weights of the main dental diseases among workers in the studied industries remain quite high; carious and non-carious lesions of the tooth hard tissues, deformation and defects of teeth and dental rows (18.5%), periodontal tissue diseases (74.7%), diseases of the oral mucosa - 38.7%; the need for prosthetics (58.4%) and other pathologies. Additionally, almost all clinical and functional indicators and local non-specific reactivity of the tissues of the oral cavity in workers were disrupted. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The presence of the main dental diseases among those surveyed from the studied groups is quite high, with noted reductions in the excitability threshold of teeth, around tooth tissues and the oral mucosa, disruption of PS and DS of the oral mucosa, as well as deterioration of the condition of tooth hard tissues. Based on the obtained results, the authors suggest continuing in-depth scientific research with the aim of developing effective methods for the diagnosis and prevention of dental diseases among workers in these industries.

АНАЛИЗ ОБЪЕМОВ СТОМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ОРТОПЕДИЧЕСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ ПАЦИЕНТАМ В СИСТЕМЕ ПЛАТНЫХ МЕДИЦИНСКИХ УСЛУГ

The article is devoted to the analysis of the volume of dental orthopedic care for patients in the system of paid medical services in a multidisciplinary medical organization. Various epidemiological surveys conducted abroad and in our country have revealed an unsatisfactory condition of the organs and tissues of the mouth in the majority of the Russian population. Among dental pathology, tooth loss with subsequent functional disorders occupies a significant place [2–4]. One of the important indicators of dental health of the adult population, characterizing the level of dental care, is to ensure the need for prosthetics. According to WHO, the main causes of missing teeth are periodontitis and caries. Periodontitis is noted in 75–80% of the population, of which 90% are elderly and senile people. According to A. K. Kuryanov and L. N. Babenko (1988), 75% of 1,000 examined at the age of 60 needed dental prosthetics, and complete loss of teeth in the jaw was detected in 225 cases [1]. An analysis of the volume of dental orthopedic care for patients in the provision of paid medical services in orthopedic dentistry showed that for 5 years, among all manufactured orthopedic structures, removable plate prostheses with partial absence of teeth accounted for the largest volume, single crowns in second place, removable plate prostheses in the third place with complete absence of teeth. For each type of orthopedic structures manufactured, there is a growth trend from 2018 to 2022. There was a slight decrease in the volume of orthopedic dental care in 2020, due to the unfavorable epidemiological situation in the country at that time.

Adaptive Prosthetic Trajectory Estimation Based on Key Points Constraints

Lower limb knee–ankle prostheses can effectively assist above-knee amputees in completing their basic daily activities. This study explored methods for estimating the joint kinematics of intelligent lower limb prostheses to better adapt them to the walking requirements of amputees. A method of estimating the knee and ankle joint trajectories under different speeds and slopes was raised. The joints of a prosthetic need to have a movement trajectory similar to that of the joints of healthy individuals, taking into account the person’s motion intentions and complying with the law of movement. In this study, a prosthetic kinematics estimation method was studied to realize continuous speed and slope adaptation through key points. The iterative Douglas–Peucker algorithm automatically found the key points of the kinematic trajectory curve, and an invariant basis function-fitting model with key points constraints was constructed. Finally, the radial basis function neural network was used to estimate the adaptive task function of the parts affected by the speed and slope, resulting in an overall kinematics estimation model. Our experiments verified the effectiveness of the proposed method, which accurately estimated the kinematic trajectory; the knee and ankle joint estimation errors were greatly reduced compared to those obtained with previous methods, facilitating further research on individual algorithms.

The need for orthopedic dental services for the elderly population of Kazakhstan

<b>Objective</b>: To determine the orthopedic dental status of the elderly population of Kazakhstan using clinical and diagnostic determinants.<br /> <b>Methods:</b> The dental status of 708 patients from three institutions in Almaty, Kazakhstan, was recorded using WHO dental questionnaires. The patients were divided into groups according to their age and sex, and modern statistical methods were used to process the data. Through the construction of tables and graphs, calculation of relative values, and assessment of the reliability of the differences in the data, we determined if there were any differences between the groups.<br /> <b>Results: </b>The study revealed that most patients who needed orthopedic dental care were 60 years of age and older. The older the age of patients with registered diagnoses of partial and complete adentia, the greater the need for removable prosthetics. The most common type of orthopedic treatment required for these patients was removable dentures. Analysis of the quantitative relationship between the need for orthopedic dental care and patients’ gender revealed the following patterns: the critical value of Chi-square at the significance level p≤0.0001 was 23.95, the exact Fisher criterion was 0.0000 (p=0.0000), and the calculated Cramer’s V criterion and the conjugacy coefficient showed the relationship between the variables were at the levels of 0.17 and 0.18, respectively.<br /> <b>Conclusions:</b> Owing to the aging population in Kazakhstan, and indeed the world, the problem of medical adaptation and social rehabilitation of older age groups is pertinent, and our findings argue that the introduction of geriatric dental services in Kazakhstan is warranted.

Assessment of Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs in Geriatric Day-care Centers in New Delhi

Abstract Background: Poor oral health plagues the elderly all over the world. Many do not recognize the severity of tooth loss, dental caries, and periodontal disease that affect them and do not seek treatment. Objectives: To assess the oral health status and treatment needs among the elderly population visiting the old age homes in New Delhi. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among seven purposively selected geriatric day-care centers in New Delhi, and a convenience sample of 518 elderly patients was obtained. The WHO Oral Health Assessment Form 1997 was used to record the clinical findings. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 28, and descriptive results were obtained. Results: Four hundred and twenty-eight males (82.6%) and 90 females (17.3%) were examined. The older adults presented high tooth loss with an average of 7 missing teeth, and consequently a high prosthetic need with poor denture hygiene. Most of the older adults were categorized as having “fair” oral hygiene, but almost all respondents presented some degree of periodontal disease. Conclusion: The current study highlighted that the majority of the patients reported to be satisfied with their oral health status, but most had periodontal problems followed by an increased need for prosthesis.

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the frequency and structure of edentulism in elderly and senile people of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

Aim. Based on the results of the study of the frequency and structure of complete loss of teeth in the upper and lower jaws, to determine the need of elderly and senile people in prosthetics with complete removable orthopedic structures. Materials and methods. A dental examination was carried out in 5,791 people aged 60 to 93 years. At the same time, on the recommendation of WHO, a key age group of 65-74 years was formed. The study took into account the topography of the absence of teeth, gender, age, the presence and evaluation of previously manufactured complete removable dentures and the need for prosthetics. Results. A high prevalence of complete loss of teeth on the upper and lower jaws was found in the examined age groups of elderly and senile age. The largest proportion of complete loss of teeth of the upper and lower jaws was revealed in the age group of 75-84 years. At the same time, in elderly people, complete adentia is detected mainly in women, since men occupy a quarter of the gender ratio. Meanwhile, taking into account the indications for reprosthetics and the absence of prostheses with complete loss of teeth, the need for the manufacture of orthopedic structures in the form of complete removable prostheses in the surveyed population is determined. Conclusions. The obtained results dictate the need to improve orthopedic rehabilitation of patients with complete loss of teeth in the upper and lower jaws, taking into account the data obtained on the structure and frequency of complete loss of teeth in elderly and senile people.

PD42-05 DOES PENOSCROTAL DECOMPRESSION OUTPERFORM CORPOROGLANULAR TUNNELING FOR SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF PROLONGED ISCHEMIC PRIAPISM?

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023PD42-05 DOES PENOSCROTAL DECOMPRESSION OUTPERFORM CORPOROGLANULAR TUNNELING FOR SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF PROLONGED ISCHEMIC PRIAPISM? Maia E. VanDyke, Wesley J. Smith, Brian T. Langford, Benjamin N. Breyer, Faysal A. Yafi, David W. Barham, Niels V. Johnsen, Levi C. Holland, Benjamin M. Dropkin, Mikkel Fode, Bryce P. Franzen, Steven J. Hudak, and Allen F. Morey Maia E. VanDykeMaia E. VanDyke More articles by this author , Wesley J. SmithWesley J. Smith More articles by this author , Brian T. LangfordBrian T. Langford More articles by this author , Benjamin N. BreyerBenjamin N. Breyer More articles by this author , Faysal A. YafiFaysal A. Yafi More articles by this author , David W. BarhamDavid W. Barham More articles by this author , Niels V. JohnsenNiels V. Johnsen More articles by this author , Levi C. HollandLevi C. Holland More articles by this author , Benjamin M. DropkinBenjamin M. Dropkin More articles by this author , Mikkel FodeMikkel Fode More articles by this author , Bryce P. FranzenBryce P. Franzen More articles by this author , Steven J. HudakSteven J. Hudak More articles by this author , and Allen F. MoreyAllen F. Morey More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003352.05AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Prolonged ischemic priapism (PIP) presents a rare and challenging urological condition, often requiring advanced surgical maneuvers for resolution. We sought to evaluate current practice patterns in the management of this challenging condition using a multi-institutional survey. METHODS: A 38-question, web-based survey was distributed to clinically active urologic surgeons including members of the Society of Genitourinary Reconstructive Surgeons (GURS) and the Sexual Medicine Society of North America (SMSNA). PIP was defined as priapism duration of at least 24 hours prior to presentation. Questions highlighted experience with and perceived efficacy of adjunctive maneuvers including distal shunting, corporoglanular tunneling (CGT) and penoscrotal decompression (PSD). Also queried were surgeons’ impressions of the prevalence of erectile dysfunction after priapism surgery. RESULTS: One hundred fifteen responses were received following survey distribution. Tunneling procedures (CGT and PSD) were the favored first-line intervention for PIP over implants (80/114 tunneling vs. 11/114 implant, p<.001). Respondents were more likely to have performed CGT than PSD (110/113 for CGT vs. 74/112 for PSD, p<.001), but among those who had performed both, PSD was felt to be more than twice as effective at resolving PIP (33/63, 52% Very or Extremely Effective for PSD, vs. 13/64, 20% for CGT; p<.001, Figure 1). For patients with recurrent priapism after CGT, PSD was the preferred salvage procedure for 46% of surgeons (46/99) while immediate implant was favored by 40% (40/99, p=.390). Regarding sexual function, a similar number of respondents who had performed both tunneling procedures felt that at least half of patients regained adequate sexual function after either CGT or PSD (27/61, 44% vs. 25/60, 42%; p=.773). CONCLUSIONS: PSD is perceived by surgeons as more effective than CGT for prolonged ischemic priapism and is commonly chosen as a salvage procedure when CGT fails. Many surgeons feel that patients regain erectile function after tunneling procedures, avoiding the need for expensive prosthetics. Source of Funding: N/A © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e1112 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Maia E. VanDyke More articles by this author Wesley J. Smith More articles by this author Brian T. Langford More articles by this author Benjamin N. Breyer More articles by this author Faysal A. Yafi More articles by this author David W. Barham More articles by this author Niels V. Johnsen More articles by this author Levi C. Holland More articles by this author Benjamin M. Dropkin More articles by this author Mikkel Fode More articles by this author Bryce P. Franzen More articles by this author Steven J. Hudak More articles by this author Allen F. Morey More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Utilization of Magnetically Induced Jamming in a Novel Soft Robotic Gripper

Today’s high-tech society creates a pressing need for advanced medical prosthetics and industrial grippers. However, as technological advancements continue to be incorporated, a gap is created by the quality–cost ratio associated with using technologically advanced solutions. For example, many open-source prosthetics provide relatively inexpensive devices, but they often sacrifice the ability to grip irregularly shaped or smooth objects. For instance, doorknobs are difficult to grip using the typical hard robotics approach but can be gripped using soft robotic techniques. Prior work with soft robotics successfully used compressed air and a small granular material (coffee grounds) to build a gripper that can hold various objects. However, the use of compressed air makes these devices relatively slow, and the need for an air compressor limits the applicability of this design. Our primary goal was to explore the feasibility of a soft robotic approach that utilizes ferromagnetic granular materials to grip an object via the granular jamming transition that is induced with an external magnetic field. The granular material is placed inside flexible membranes made of polyisoprene, wherein the granular materials can go from a more relaxed state to a more rigid state depending on the strength of the magnetic field. The flexible membrane also allows the object to be held and then return to its original state when released. A solenoid provides a magnetic field that is easily turned on and off to jam and unjam the magnetic granular material and thus allows us to hold an object in place without the use of compressed air. In searching for a magnetic granular material, we found that iron filings work well, as they easily conform to the shape of the object. We have observed success in holding and releasing several smooth knobs as well as more angular shapes. This work will further the development of a low-cost but high- functioning universal gripper with applications in prosthetics and pick-and-place devices, as well as a multitude of industrial applications.

The Status, Need, and Influence of Dental Prosthetics on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in the Geriatric Population: An Epidemiological Survey.

BackgroundAn epidemiological survey was conducted among the geriatric population to determine the status and need for dental prosthetics and their influence on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).MethodologyThe study population consisted of 270 patients aged 60 or older. All pertinent demographic information, clinical data on prosthesis status and need, and the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)-14 questions to assess OHRQoL were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire written in the patient’s native tongue. In addition, a type 3 oral examination was performed on a sample of the geriatric population.ResultsThe OHRQoL was found to be unaffected by the prosthetic status. However, there was a strong correlation between the elderly study population’s OHRQoL and the need for a prosthetic. Of each variable in OHRQoL, physical pain, discomfort when eating, and loss of taste were the most affected in this population.ConclusionsThe prosthetic needs of the study population must be given high priority as there are many unmet needs. The concerned health departments need to seriously consider increasing facilities with an affordable system. There is a lack of appreciation for OHRQoL. However, given that a satisfactory clinical assessment of the mouth does not always indicate good oral health status, the justification for evaluating dental care with respect to oral well-being is compelling.

Self-powered and flexible piezo-sensors based on conductivity-controlled GaN nanowire-arrays for mimicking rapid- and slow-adapting mechanoreceptors

Human skin contains slowly adaptive (SA) and rapidly adaptive (RA) mechanoreceptors, which respond differently to external stimuli. Based on human tactile perception principles, the fabrication of a self-powered electronic skin (e-skin) that simultaneously mimics SA- and RA-mechanoreceptors is a prime need for robots and artificial prosthetics to interact with the surrounding environment. However, the complex process of merging multimode sensors to mimic SA- and RA-mechanoreceptors hinders their utilization in e-skins. We proposed SA- and RA-mechanoreceptors based on n-type and semi-insulating GaN nanowire arrays. The SA- and RA-mechanoreceptors demonstrated distinguished features such as grasping of objects and detection of their surface textures. Based on piezoelectric sensing principles, the proposed e-skin can simultaneously mimic static and dynamic pressure signals. Mechanoreceptors further detected several stimuli of various pressures with low and high frequencies. The response and reset times showed by SA-mechanoreceptors were 11 and 18 ms under 1-Hz frequency, which are rapid enough for practical e-skin applications.

Dental Prosthetic Status and Prosthetic Needs of Geriatric Population: A Cross Sectional Study

Objective: Oral health is considered as an indicator for health and quality of life in geriatric patients. It becomes essential to assess the prosthetic status and need in order to promote oral health. Hence, a survey was conducted on geriatric patients visiting a dental teaching institute in India.Materials and Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among geriatric population aged above 60.The sample size was estimated to be 570. The information related to prosthetic status, prosthetic need was obtained using the World Health Organisation Oral Health Assessment Form 1997. Chi‑square test was used to analyse the data.Results: Out of 570 elderly people, 308 were males and 262 were females. The study results showed that 77% and 78% of the total subjects had no prostheses in maxillary and mandibular arch, respectively. Prosthetic status was better in males than in females. The level of prosthetic need was higher in females (82%) in mandibular arch compared to males (75%). In the age group of 80-85years need for complete denture was more. Requirement for single and multi unit prosthesis was higher in age groups of 60-65 years. Less percentage of subjects in the upper socio-economic categories needed prosthesis compared to those in the lower socio-economic categoriesConclusion: Unmet prosthetic needs were more in geriatric population attending the institutional outpatient department. There was no significant association of gender with prosthetic status and need and significant association was observed between age and socioeconomic status with prosthetic status and need.

The need for prosthetics in the oral cavity of elderly patients: analysis of the database of a large dental clinic in the city of Samara

<h3></h3> Тенденция к изменению возрастной структуры населения приводит к увеличению доли пожилых людей, нуждающихся в стоматологической помощи. <h3>ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</h3> Определить потребность пациентов пожилого возраста в протезировании зубов. <h3>МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ</h3> Проведен комплексный анализ 8742 амбулаторных карт пациентов стоматологического профиля и такого же количества заказ-нарядов пациентов пожилого возраста по критериям ВОЗ (60—74 года), получавших ортопедическое лечение на базе ГБУЗ СО «ССП №3» в течение 5 лет (2016—2020 гг.). В ходе работы оценивали частоту обращения за основными видами протезирования, определяли корреляцию методов протезирования с полом, возрастом и сопутствующими общими заболеваниями пациентов по МКБ-10. <h3>РЕЗУЛЬТАТ</h3> Доля обращений пожилых пациентов за ортопедической помощью составила 37,0% от общего количества обращений пациентов этой возрастной группы в стоматологическую поликлинику. Выявлена наибольшая потребность в полных съемных пластиночных протезах (17,2%), искусственных коронках (8,1%) и частичных съемных протезах (10,1%). При проведении многофакторного анализа выявлено, что наличие сопутствующих заболеваний и возраст пациентов значительно повлияли на выбор конструкции протезов. <h3>ВЫВОДЫ</h3> Исходя из полученных результатов, можно сделать вывод о необходимости более глубокого изучения потребности пациентов пожилого возраста в протезировании зубов, в проведении оценки качества и эффективности ортопедической помощи лицам данной возрастной группы, а также в разработке и оценке мероприятий по поддержанию стоматологического здоровья пациентов пожилого возраста.

Prosthetic Status and Needs among Head and Neck Cancer Irradiated Patients Suffering from Xerostomia in Delhi, India

Aim: To assess the prosthetic status and prosthetic needs of Head and Neck Cancer Irradiated Patientssuffering from Xerostomia in Delhi India.Materials and Method: A multi-centric, cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 120head and neck cancer irradiated patients suffering from xerostomia in Delhi. The information related tosocio-demographic data, the prosthetic status, and prosthetic need was obtained using a proforma based onWHO oral health assessment form 1997.Results: Out of 120 participants, 103 were males and 17 were females. The mean age of the study participantswas 47.68 + 10.26 years. Stage 1 carcinoma was diagnosed in 69 (57.5%) of the participants while stage 2carcinoma was diagnosed in 51 (42.5%) . Out of 120 individuals, 7 (5.8%) needed single unit prosthesis, 33(27.5%) needed multi-unit prosthesis, 48 (40%) needed a combination of a single and multi-unit prosthesis,and 18 (15%) needed a full prosthesis.Conclusion: The need for prosthesis was high among Head and Neck Cancer Irradiated Patients. There is aneed to emphasize dental service utilization among this group of people.

Gene- and RNAi-activated scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: Current progress and future directions.

Large bone defects are usually managed by replacing lost bone with non-biological prostheses or with bone grafts that come from the patient or a donor. Bone tissue engineering, as a field, offers the potential to regenerate bone within these large defects without the need for grafts or prosthetics. Such therapies could provide improved long- and short-term outcomes in patients with critical-sized bone defects. Bone tissue engineering has long relied on the administration of growth factors in protein form to stimulate bone regeneration, though clinical applications have shown that using such proteins as therapeutics can lead to concerning off-target effects due to the large amounts required for prolonged therapeutic action. Gene-based therapies offer an alternative to protein-based therapeutics where the genetic material encoding the desired protein is used and thus loading large doses of protein into the scaffolds is avoided. Gene- and RNAi-activated scaffolds are tissue engineering devices loaded with nucleic acids aimed at promoting local tissue repair. A variety of different approaches to formulating gene- and RNAi-activated scaffolds for bone tissue engineering have been explored, and include the activation of scaffolds with plasmid DNA, viruses, RNA transcripts, or interfering RNAs. This review will discuss recent progress in the field of bone tissue engineering, with specific focus on the different approaches employed by researchers to implement gene-activated scaffolds as a means of facilitating bone tissue repair.

Features of interhospital transportation of patients requiring prosthetics of vital functions (on the example of the federal research and clinical center of intensive care medicine and rehabilitology)

One of the important features of patients in chronic critical illness is their need for prosthetics of vital functions. The provision of specialized medical care to all patients in need is impossible without resolving the issues of transportation to a specialized medical center. Inter-hospital transportation of resuscitated patients is one of the tasks of the Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology. The greatest difficulty is the transportation of patients with unstable hemodynamics. The transportation service created in the Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology is engaged in the development of issues of safe transport, including this category of patients by attracting organizational resources, forming a specialized team and equipping it. Medical and diagnostic, additional assessment of the patients condition on the spot. This approach makes it possible to increase the efficiency of intensive care during transportation and to eliminate mortality in this category of patients during transportation. Our experience of inter- and intra-hospital transportation of resuscitation patients was widely discussed at conferences, congresses and today is used in the work of mobile resuscitation teams.

STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ORTHOPEDIC TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH COMPLETE REMOVABLE PLATE PROTHESES ON THE LOWER JAW

The manufacture of compete removable plate dentures remains a common method of treating patients with complete absence of teeth. According to Labunets, the need for full removable prosthetics in age groups over 50 years is from 23.8% to 80%. Depending on the chosen method of manufacturing a complete removable plate prosthesis, 30-60% of patients are dissatisfied with the functioning of orthopedic structures.&#x0D; According to the results of the research conducted by O.Ya. Zablotska, the psycho-emotional level of satisfaction with a complete removable laminar denture decreased from the first week after the fixation. Incorrect occlusal scheme leads to the release of the restoration, and the abrasion of plastic teeth leads to the difficulty in chewing and loss of occlusal vertical dimension as a result of irrational occlusion starting from 2-5 months of use.&#x0D; The objective of the research was to analyze the quality of prosthetic health of the patients with complete removable laminar dentures (CRLD) on the lower jaw 6 months after the fixation based on the subjective and objective examination. &#x0D; Materials and methods. We conducted a routine examination of 35 patients in the Dentistry Center of the University Clinic at IFNMU 6 months after the restoration fixation in order to study the quality of complete removable laminar dentures functioning on the lower jaw. The survey of the patients concerning their subjective assessment of the restoration functioning was conducted. The existing prosthetic restoration and denture-supporting tissues were examined for the objective assessment. Short Hamburg test was performed to determine TMJ dysfunction. Occlusiography was conducted in order to assess supra contacts in static and dynamic occlusion.&#x0D; Results of the research. In the course of the subjective examination, the most important criterion for the assessment of functioning quality was the level of the patients’ satisfaction with the restorations. Only 39.4% of patients (13 individuals) who regularly used the dentures were completely or partially satisfied with the prosthetic restoration. Analysis of the survey results of 20 patients (61.6%) who were dissatisfied with the restoration indicated that 15 patients (75%) complained of insufficient fixation of a complete removable denture to the lower jaw. However, 8 patients (40%) were concerned about the pain during the restoration functioning. Difficulty in food chewing was observed in 13 people (65%). Assessment of CRLD and prosthetic bed conditions indicted the need for the restoration rebase or remanufacturing in 15 patients (45.5%). Analysis of static central occlusion showed supra contacts in 25 patients (75.8%), mainly in the area of the buccal (holding) cusps of the first molars (88%).&#x0D; Conclusions:&#x0D; &#x0D; The quality of a complete removable laminar denture functioning should be assessed only with the consideration of subjective and objective criteria.&#x0D; 6% of patients are not satisfied with the manufactured orthopedic design of a complete removable plate prosthesis 6 months after fixation. Psychological discomfort and unsatisfactory fixation are the dominant complaints.&#x0D; The main task when manufacturing the restorations should be the individualization of each clinical and laboratory stages.&#x0D; Supracontacts were observed in 75.8% of the examined patients, mainly in the area of the supporting humps of the first molars (88%).&#x0D; Follow-up control of the patients with complete removable laminar dentures is important in order to timely correct and minimize complications in the course of time.&#x0D; Due to the inconsistency of the orthopedic design with the prosthetic bed, 45.5% of patients 6 months ago required relocation.&#x0D;

Oral health behaviour, practices, status and the dental treatment needs among paliyan and pulayan tribes in India.

It is of interest to document the The Oral Health heigene data among the paliyan and pulayan tribes in India. The Paliyan and Pulayan tribes inhabit a narrow strip of Western Ghats in the hilly regions of Madurai, Dindigul, Theni, Tirunelveli and Virudhunagar districts of Tamil Nadu. Subjects aged 5yrs and above are used in this study. The WHO assessment form was used to assess the oral health status. Results show that 589 (58%) ignored the oral health problems, 225 (22.2%) relied on self-medications, 142 (14%) consulted a general physician, 35 (3.5%) had visited a dentist and the remaining 23 (2.3%) were dependent upon over the counter medications from a pharmacy. Thus, the prosthetic need was highest among the 55 + yrs age group, 36 (48.6%) required maxillary prosthesis and 21 (28.4%) required mandibular prosthesis.