Prostatic Hyperplasia In Rats Research Articles

Evaluation and Comparison of the Preventive Role of Nebivolol and Alpha- Tocopherol in Testosterone-Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats

Objective: To evaluate and compare the preventive role of Nebivolol and Alpha Tocopherol on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats. Study Design: Laboratory-based experimental study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacology and Pathology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, in collaboration with National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad Pakistan, from Dec 2021 to Jun 2022. Methodology: One hundred fifty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were procured from the NIH, Islamabad. They were placed into five groups, each with 30 rats. Results: Out of a total 150 sample of five groups, the mean prostatic index in Group-A, Group-B, Group-C, Group-D, and Group-E were 1.49±0.09, 2.35±0.48, 1.87±0.11, 1.72±0.04 and 1.68±0.08 respectively (p-value< 0.001). Mean Prostate Specific Antigen in Group-A, Group-B, Group-C, Group-D and Group-E was 0.19±0.02, 0.23±0.01, 0.18±0.02, 0.18±0.02 and 0.16±0.02 respectively (p-value< 0.001). On gross examination, in Group-A, all (100%) prostate samples were normal-sized. In Group-B, all (100%) prostate samples were enlarged. In Group-C, 53.3% were mild, and 47.7% of samples were moderately enlarged. In Group-D, 73.3% of samples were mildly enlarged, and 26.7% were moderately enlarged. In Group E, 26.7% of samples were normal, and 73.3% were mildly enlarged (p-value< 0.001). Conclusion: Prostatic index is markedly declined following treatment with the combination of Nebivolol and Alpha-Tocopherol. There is also a declining trend in Prostate Specific Antigen following treatment with a combination of Nebivolol and Alpha-Tocopherol.

Effects of Taraxaci Herba (Dandelion) on Testosterone Propionate-Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the non-malignant enlargement of the prostate, associated with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs). Taraxaci Herba (TH), commonly known as dandelion, has traditionally been utilized in East Asia to treat symptoms related to LUTSs. Based on this traditional use, our study aimed to explore the inhibitory effects of TH on BPH progression using a testosterone propionate-induced rat model. To induce BPH, male Sprague Dawley rats were castrated and injected subcutaneously with testosterone propionate (3 mg/kg/day) for 28 days. Concurrently, TH extract was administered orally at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg/day throughout the four-week period of testosterone propionate injections. The TH extract significantly reduced both the absolute and relative weights of the prostate, along with histopathological changes in the gland. Moreover, it lowered serum levels of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone and reduced the expression of the androgen receptor in the prostate. Additionally, the TH extract modulated the protein expressions of Bax and Bcl-2, which are key regulators of apoptosis in prostate cells. Collectively, our findings suggest that TH inhibits BPH development partially by modulating androgen signaling and inducing apoptosis within the prostate.

Effects of a proprietary mixture of extracts from Sabal serrulata fruits and Urtica dioica roots (WS®1541) on prostate hyperplasia and inflammation in rats and human cells.

Introduction: Phytotherapeutics, particularly extracts from Sabal serrulata (saw palmetto) fruit or Urtica dioica (stinging nettle) root, are popular for the treatment of male lower urinary symptoms in many countries, but their mechanism of action is poorly understood. We performed in vivo and in vitro studies to obtain deeper insight into the mechanism of action of WS®1541, a proprietary combination of a Sabal serrulata fruit and an Urtica dioica root extract (WS® 1473 and WS®1031, respectively) and its components. Methods: We used the sulpiride model of benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats and tested three doses of WS®1541 in comparison to finasteride, evaluating weight of prostate and its individual lobes as well as aspects of inflammation, oxidative stress, growth and hyperplasia. In human BPH-1 cells, we studied the effect of WS®1473, WS®1031, WS®1541 and finasteride on apoptosis, cell cycle progression and migrative capacity of the cells. Results: WS®1541 did not reduce prostate size in sulpiride treated rats but attenuated the sulpiride-induced changes in expression of most analyzed genes and of oxidized proteins and abrogated the epithelial thickening. In vitro, WS®1473 and WS®1031 showed distinct profiles of favorable effects in BPH-1 cells including anti-oxidative, anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects, as well as inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal-transition. Conclusion: This data supports a beneficial effect of the clinically used WS®1541 for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms associated with mild to moderate benign prostate syndrome and provides a scientific rationale for the combination of its components WS®1473 and WS®1031.

Syzygium malaccense leaves methanol extract modulate some biochemical and inflammatory markers and prostate histology of testosterone-estradiol valerate induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats.

The effect of Syzygium malaccense methanol leaf extract (SMLE) on some parameters of testosterone-estradiol valerate induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in rats was assayed. Thirty male albino rats were used and they were grouped as: Control: received 1 mL/kg olive oil (oral and subcutaneous); BPH: received subcutaneously 9 mg/kg dihydrotestosterone (DHT)+0.9 mg/kg estradiol valerate (ESV) and orally 1 ml/kg olive oil; finasteride: received 9 mg/kg of DHT+0.9 mg/kg ESV (subcutaneously) and 5 mg/kg finasteride (orally) and test groups 1 and 2: received 9 mg/kg of DHT+0.9 mg/kg ESV (subcutaneously) and 200 and 400 mg/kg SMLE (orally). The duration of the treatment was 28 days. The BPH group had increased prostatic total proteins, oxidative stress, interleukin 8, tumor necrosis factor-α, prostate weights, serum concentrations of prostate specific antigen, estradiol, follicle stimulating hormone, and C-reactive protein, dyslipidaemia, altered prostate histology and hormonal levels but had no significant change (p>0.05) in haematological indices relative to the control. Finasteride or S. malaccense modulated most of these parameters as corroborated by prostate histology. Acute toxicity study indicated the non-toxicity of SMLE. SMLE showed strong in vitro antioxidant activity which corroborated its in vivo antioxidant activity. The study showed that S. malaccense could be useful in the management of BPH.

Assessment of the in-vitro toxicity and in-vivo therapeutic capabilities of Juglans regia on human prostate cancer and prostatic hyperplasia in rats

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatic cancer are aging-associated urological conditions in men. While significant advances have been made in relation to treatment, poor response, treatment resistance and adverse side-effects limit currently available therapies. The possible antiproliferative and/or ameliorative potentials of Juglans regia have been reported, however, there is a dearth of scientific information on its effect on BPH or prostatic cancer. In this study, in-vivo and in-vitro studies were used to assess the possible benefits of fresh walnut fruits extract in BPH or prostate cancer. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electro spray ionization and quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF) was used to assess the chemical profile of the plant extract. The anti-proliferative activity of Juglans regia extract was tested against normal and cancerous human prostate cell lines by using the iCELLigence real-time and label-free cell analysis system. The ameliorative potential of fresh fruits Juglans regia extract was assessed by administering the extract at 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight to rats with testosterone induced BPH. Analysis of phytochemicals in Juglans regia revealed a high concentration of phenolic acids and flavonoids, Juglans regia also showing time- and dose-dependent anti-proliferative activity against prostate cancer cells, and reversed biochemical and histomorphological changes induced by testosterone-induced BPH.

Enhancing date seed phenolic bioaccessibility in soft cheese through a dehydrated liposome delivery system and its effect on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats.

The consumption of dairy products, including soft cheese, has been associated with numerous health benefits due to their high nutritional value. However, the phenolic compounds bioaccessibility present in soft cheese is limited due to their poor solubility and stability during digestion. So, this study aimed to develop an innovative soft cheese enriched with date seed phenolic compounds (DSP) extracted ultrasonically and incorporated into homogeneous liposomes and study its attenuation effect on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in rats. Date seed phenolic compounds were extracted using 98 and 50% ethanol along with water as solvents, employing ultrasonication at 10, 20, and 30-min intervals. The primary and secondary DSP-liposomes were prepared and dehydrated. The particle size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, and morphology were measured. Incorporating dehydrated liposomes (1-3% w/w) into soft cheese and their impact on BPH using male Sprague-Dawley rats was assessed. After inducing BPH, rats were fed a cheese diet with dehydrated DSP-liposomes. Over 8 weeks, parameters including nutrition parameters, prostate enlargement analysis, biochemical parameters, hormones level, oxidative stress, and cytokines were analyzed. The results showed that ultrasound-assisted extraction effectively reduced the extraction time and 30 min extraction EtOH 50% was enough to extract high yield of phenolic compounds (558 mg GA/g) and flavonoids (55 mg qu/g) with high antioxidant activity (74%). The biological results indicate that prostate weight and prostate index% were diminished in the treatment groups (1 and 2) compared to the BPH control group. The high antioxidant content present in the DSP-liposomes acted as the catalyst for suppressing the responses of the inflammatory cytokines, inhibiting the anti-inflammatory IL-10 production, and suppressing the elevated levels of lipid peroxidation products compared to the BPH group. The treatment group (2) supplemented with dehydrated secondary DSP-liposomes exhibited the most significant variance (p < 0.05) as opposed to the BPH group. Liposomal encapsulation was proved to be a feasible approach for administering DSP in soft cheese, thereby establishing new functional food category possessing prophylactic properties against the advancement of BPH in rats.

Fermented rape pollen powder can alleviate benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats by reducing hormone content and changing gut microbiota.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) can cause urethral compression, bladder stone formation, and renal function damage, which may endanger the life of patients. Therefore, we aimed to develop plant-based preparations for BPH treatment with no side effects. In this study, the Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 322Hp, Lactobacillus acidophilus 322Ha, and Limosilactobacillus reuteri 322Hr were used to ferment rape pollen. The fermented rape pollen was subsequently converted into fermented rape pollen powder (FRPP) through vacuum freeze-drying technology. After fermenting and drying, the bioactive substances and antioxidant capacity of FRPP were significantly higher than those of unfermented rapeseed pollen, and FRPP had a longer storage duration, which can be stored for over one year. To investigate the therapeutic effect of FRPP on BPH, a BPH rat model was established by hypodermic injection of testosterone propionate. The BPH rats were treated differently, with the model group receiving normal saline, the positive control group receiving finasteride, and the low, medium, and high dose FRPP group receiving FRPP at doses of 0.14 g/kg/d, 0.28 g/kg/d, and 0.56 g/kg/d, respectively. The results indicate that medium dose FRPP reduced the levels of hormone such as testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and oestradiol in rats with BPH by about 32%, thus bringing the prostate tissue of BPH rats closer to normal. More importantly, medium dose FRPP treatment had a significant effect on the composition of gut microbiota in rats with BPH, increasing the levels of beneficial genera (such as Coprococcus and Jeotgalicoccus), and decreasing the levels of harmful pathogens (such as Turicibacter and Clostridiaceae_Clostridium) in the gut. This study showed that medium dose FRPP reduced the hormone level and regulated the unbalanced gut microbiota in BPH rats, thereby alleviating BPH.

Bisphenol AF Induces Prostatic Dorsal Lobe Hyperplasia in Rats through Activation of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Bisphenol AF (BPAF) represents a common environmental estrogenic compound renowned for its capacity to induce endocrine disruptions. Notably, BPAF exhibits an enhanced binding affinity to estrogen receptors, which may have more potent estrogenic activity compared with its precursor bisphenol A (BPA). Notwithstanding, the existing studies on BPAF-induced prostate toxicity remain limited, with related toxicological research residing in the preliminary stage. Our previous studies have confirmed the role of BPAF in the induction of ventral prostatic hyperplasia, but its role in the dorsal lobe is not clear. In this study, BPAF (10, 90 μg/kg) and the inhibitor of nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB), pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC, 100 mg/kg), were administered intragastrically in rats for four weeks. Through comprehensive anatomical and pathological observations, as well as the assessment of PCNA over-expression, we asserted that BPAF at lower doses may foster dorsal prostatic hyperplasia in rats. The results of IHC and ELISA indicated that BPAF induced hyperplastic responses in the dorsal lobe of the prostate by interfering with a series of biomarkers in NF-κB signaling pathways, containing NF-κB p65, COX-2, TNF-α, and EGFR. These findings confirm the toxic effect of BPAF on prostate health and emphasize the potential corresponding mechanisms.

Bushen Tongluo formula ameliorated testosterone propionate-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats

BackgroundBenign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in older men worldwide. However, there is currently no effective treatment for BPH. Bushen Tongluo Formula (Kidney-supplementing and collaterals-unblocking formula [KCF]) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula commonly used to ameliorate the symptoms of BPH, although the specific molecular mechanisms remain unclear. PurposeWe aimed to discover the effects and potential mechanisms of KCF against BPH. MethodsSixty male SD rats were randomly assigned to one of six group (n = 10): control, low-dosage KCF, medium-dosage KCF, high-dosage KCF, BPH model, and finasteride. A rat model of BPH was established by surgical castration followed by subcutaneous injection of testosterone propionate (TP) for 4 weeks. After treatment, the prostate index, histopathological staining, serum levels of estradiol (E2) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), protein/mRNA levels of E-cadherin, TGF-β1, caspase-3, Ki67, and vimentin, abundances of serum metabolites, and the proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis of BPH-1 cells were documented. ResultsKCF treatment for 4 weeks reduced the prostate volume and prostate index, alleviated histopathological changes to the prostate of rats with TP-induced BPH, decreased serum levels of E2 and DHT, reduced protein/mRNA levels of TGF-β1 and vimentin, and increased E-cadherin levels. Moreover, KCF-spiked serum inhibited proliferation of BPH-1 cells, blocked the cell cycle, and promoted apoptosis. KCF was also found to regulate the contents of three metabolites (D-maltose, citric acid, and fumaric acid). ConclusionThe present study was the first to report that KCF exhibited therapeutic effects against BPH by regulating energy metabolism and inhibiting epithelial–mesenchymal transition in prostate tissues. Hence, KCF presents a viable treatment option for BPH.

Biochemical and Histopathological evaluation of prostatic tissue under effect of Pterostilbene in benign prostatic hyperplasia rat model

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia [BPH] is the urologic condition that affects elderly men the most frequently Benign prostatic hyperplasia. Benign prostatic hyperplasia must be distinguished from&#x0D; lower urinary tract symptoms and benign prostatic enlargement. which refers to an enlarged prostate, benign prostatic hyperplasia is a purely histological term the development, maintenance, and secretory activity of the prostate and other sex-accessory tissues are stimulated by the presence of certain hormones and growth factors. the pathophysiology of Benign prostatic hyperplasia is significantly influenced by the activity of the enzyme 5α-reductase. It's important to remember that 5-αreductase is responsible for creating Dihydrotestosterone a stronger androgen. Pterostilbene Mostly found in blueberries and grapes and pterostilbene substance with a number of biological properties including anticancer properties. pterostilbene is a lipid-soluble molecule that exists in both cis and trans forms with the latter being more prevalent. The conventional medication for Benign prostatic hyperplasia utilized in this trial was finasteride which inhibits the 5α-reductase enzyme and lowers the amount of Dihydrotestosterone.&#x0D; Methods: Forty-eight male rats were divided into six groups; the control group consisted of eight rats who received subcutaneous injections of oil vehicle for a period of 42 days. The induction group consisted of eight rats who received subcutaneous injections of testosterone propionate for a period of fourteen days. The finasteride group consisted of eight rats who received finasteride 0.44 mg/kg by oral gavage for a period of twenty-eight days following the induction of Benign prostatic hyperplasia and Pterostilbene 200 group included 8 rats were given pterostilbene 200mg/kg by oral gavage for 28 days after 14 days of Benign prostatic hyperplasia induction. pterostilbene 100 group included 8 rats were given a pterostilbene 100mg/kg per day kg by oral gavage for 28 days after 14 days of induction Benign prostatic hyperplasia dose and the resveratrol group included 8 rats were given a resveratrol 100mg/kg per day kg by oral gavage for 28 days after 14 days of induction Benign prostatic hyperplasia After twenty-eight days.&#x0D; Results: Histological section of prostate Pterostilbene 200 were similar those in control negative revealed numerous variable sizes alveoli that filled with homogenous eosinophilic secretion, had normal epithelial and stromal tissue.&#x0D; Conclusion: Pterostilbene have a potent anti-proliferative effect by decrease the hyperplastic nodules for prostate and return epithelial cell to normal and have a very good scavenging activity for free radical [very good as antioxidant] in compare with Vitamin c and resveratrol.&#x0D; Aim of study: evaluate the effect of Pterostilbene as Anti proliferative on Benign prostatic hyperplasia and assess the antioxidant activity for Pterostilbene by DPPH Assay.

Effects of the CB1 receptor antagonists AM6545 and AM4113 on metabolic syndrome-induced prostatic hyperplasia in rats.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a combination of metabolic disorders that can predispose individuals to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The inhibition of the cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptor has been used to treat metabolic disorders in animal models. This study reports the use of a peripherally restricted CB1 antagonist (AM6545) and a neutral CB1 antagonist (AM4113) to improve MetS-related BPH in rats. Animals were divided into three control groups to receive either a normal rodent diet, AM6545, or AM4113. MetS was induced in the fourth, fifth, and sixth groups using a concentrated fructose solution and high-salt diet delivered as food pellets for eight weeks. The fifth and sixth groups were further given AM6545 or AM4113 for additional four weeks. Body and prostate weights were measured and prostate sections were stained with hematoxylin eosin. Cyclin D1, markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, and levels of the endocannabinoids were recorded. BPH in rats with MetS was confirmed through increased prostate weight and index, as well as histopathology.Treatment with either AM6545 or AM4113 significantly decreased prostate weight, improved prostate histology, and reduced cyclin D1 expression compared with the MetS group. Groups treated with CB1 antagonists experienced reduced lipid peroxidation, recovered glutathione depletion, restored catalase activity, and had lower inflammatory markers interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). MetS rats treated with either AM6545 or AM4113 showed reduced concentrations of anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in the prostate compared with the MetS group. In conclusion, the CB1 antagonists AM6545 and AM4113 protect against MetS-induced BPH through their anti-proliferative, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects.

Comparative effects of finasteride and laser-irradiated silver nanoparticles on testicular function and histology in testosterone induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats

AimsThe objective of this study was to compare the effects of finasteride, a medication used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and laser irradiated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), a potential candidate for BPH therapy (Sanchez-Salas, 2017; Marghani et al., 2022) [1,2], on the sex hormone profiles, sperm quality, steroidogenesis, testicular oxidative stress, and histomorphology changes in BPH rats. Materials and methodsBPH was induced in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats via intramuscular (i.m.) injection of 5 mg/kg BW testosterone propionate (TP) for 14 days. Once the BPH model was induced, rats were divided into four groups (n = 6) as follows: the control group; the BPH group; the BPH/Fina group, which received 5 mg/kg BW finasteride by oral gavage daily for 14 days; and the BPH/AgNPs group, which received a daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 50 mg/kg BW AgNPs, followed by 5min of exposure to a 532 nm NIR laser in the prostatic area for the constitutive 14 days. Key findingsOn day 14, the BPH rats had a significant increase in prostate specific antigen (PSA), dihydrotestosterone, and prostate weights, while testicular weights and sperm quality were significantly lower than in the control rats. On day 28, laser irradiated AgNps treated BPH rats showed improved sex hormone balance, testicular weights, sperm quality, steroidogenesis, and an ameliorative effect on testicular histopathology compared to finasteride. SignificanceSurprisingly, these findings suggest that laser irradiated AgNPs can be used as an alternative therapy to finasteride for the treatment of BPH without causing negative effects on the testes.

Targeting HMGB1/PI3K/Akt and NF-κB/Nrf-2 signaling pathways by vildagliptin mitigates testosterone-induced benign prostate hyperplasia in rats

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent illness in older adults. It is well-recognized that testosterone is essential in the onset of BPH. Vildagliptin (Vilda), a dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitor, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In this study, we studied the effects of vildagliptin on testosterone-induced BPH in rats and its underlying mechanisms. Forty male Wistar rats were allocated into four groups (n = 10): CTRL, Vilda, BPH, and BPH + Vilda groups. Our results revealed that vildagliptin treatment considerably lessened the prostate weight, prostate index, serum levels of prostate-specific antigen, 5α-reductase activity, and DHT levels compared to the testosterone group. Furthermore, vildagliptin treatment inhibited the expression of HMGB1, PI3K/Akt/NF-κB, and TNF-α signaling pathways in the prostate tissue of diseased rats. Additionally, vildagliptin treatment increased the expression of Nrf-2 and HO-1, reduced GSH levels, and lowered MDA levels. Besides, vildagliptin noticeably scaled up the level of cleaved caspase-3 enzyme and, conversely, the protein expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Correspondingly, vildagliptin counteracts testosterone-induced histological irregularities in rats' prostates. These findings suggest that vildagliptin may be a potential prophylactic approach to avoid BPH.

Cinnamomum cassia and Rosa laevigata Mixture Improves Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats by Regulating Androgen Receptor Signaling and Apoptosis.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common condition in elderly men that is characterized by an increase in the size of the prostate gland. Cinnamomum cassia and Rosa laevigata have been reported to treat the symptoms associated with BPH. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of HT080, an herbal extract of C. cassia and R. laevigata, on a testosterone propionate (TP)-induced BPH rat model. The rats received a daily subcutaneous injection of TP (3 mg/kg) for 4 weeks to induce BPH. Rats were divided into four groups: group 1 (sham), group 2 (BPH, TP alone), group 3 (Fina, TP + finasteride 1 mg/kg/day), and group 4 (HT080, TP + HT080 200 mg/kg/day). At the end of the experiment, all rats were sacrificed, and their prostate glands were removed, weighed, and subjected to histopathological examination and western blot analyses. Serum testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels were determined. In addition, serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferase levels were measured to evaluate the toxicity in the liver. The Hershberger bioassay was also conducted to investigate the effects of HT080 on androgenic and antiandrogenic activities. In the BPH model, the prostate weight, prostate index, prostate epithelial thickness, and serum testosterone and DHT levels in the HT080 group were significantly reduced compared to the BPH group. Histological studies showed that HT080 reduced prostatic hyperplasia. The protein expression of androgen receptor from the HT080 group was significantly reduced in comparison with the BPH group (p < 0.05). HT080 also induced apoptosis by regulating Bcl-2 and Bax expression. In addition, HT080 showed no toxicity in the liver and did not exhibit androgenic and antiandrogenic activities. Our finding revealed that HT080 can be a potential candidate for the treatment of BPH by regulating androgen receptor signaling and apoptosis.

Inhibitory effects of Calocybe indica macrofungi on experimental benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats.

This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of Calocybe indica extract on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats. In this study, 60 adult Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into six equal groups, one group served as the normal control, five of the groups were administered subcutaneous testosterone propionate for 28 days to induce benign prostatic hyperplasia, three of the five groups were simultaneously administered three graded doses of C. indica extract while one group was administered finasteride as the standard drug and the other left as untreated BPH model group given testosterone propionate only. BPH in the prostate gland was detected through gross appearance, prostate weight, and biochemical and histopathological analyses. Increased prostate weight, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and epithelial thickness were observed in the untreated testosterone-induced BPH model. Administration of finasteride and C. indica extract led to a reduction in prostate weight, prostatic index, serum PSA, serum levels of testosterone, and prostatic epithelial thickness, and increased luminal diameter. Administration of C. indica extract suppressed the pathophysiological effects of benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats. Thus, C. indica mushroom is a potential pharmacological candidate for the management of BPH in man or dogs.

Re: Protective effects of Chromolaena odorata extract on experimental benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats.

Re: Protective effects of Chromolaena odorata extract on experimental benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats.

Effect of Gynerium sagittatum methanol extract on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats compared with finasteride.

Effect of Gynerium sagittatum methanol extract on testosterone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats compared with finasteride.

Protective effects of Chromolaena odorata extract on experimental benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an age-related disease in dogs and man leading to prostate enlargement which impinges on the urethra causing urinary outflow obstruction. Due to the side effects of surgery and chemotherapy used for the treatment of this disease, attention is now focused on phytotherapeutics for its management. Thus, we investigated the inhibitory effect of hydro-methanol extract of Chromolaena odorata (HMECO) on testosterone propionate (TP)-induced BPH rat model. A total of forty-two 10-12 weeks old male Sprague-Dawley outbred albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) weighing 200 - 250 g were randomly divided into six equal groups of seven rats each based on body weight as follows: A) Control group given phosphate-buffered saline orally and corn oil subcutaneously (SC) once daily, B) TP at a dose of 3.00 mg kg-1 SC once daily, C) TP at a dose of 3.00 mg kg-1 SC and finasteride at a dose of 10.00 mg kg-1 orally once daily, D) TP at a dose of 3.00 mg kg-1 SC plus 200 mg kg-1 HMECO orally once daily, E) TP at a dose of 3.00 mg kg-1 SC plus 400 mg kg-1 HMECO orally once daily and F) TP at a dose of 3.00 mg kg-1 SC plus 800 mg kg-1 HMECO orally once daily for 28 days. Results showed that HMECO significantly reduced prostate weight, prostatic index; serum levels of testosterone and prostatic epithelial thickness and increased luminal diameter in BPH induced rats. Thus, the results of this study suggest that C. odorata is a potential pharmacological candidate for the management of BPH.

Modulatory effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii on experimentally induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in rats

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an age-related non-neoplastic disease of the prostate gland in men that has become a global health issue in recent years. Due to the side effects of conventional treatment options, attention is now focused on phytotherapeutics for its management. We investigated the possible protective effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii in a rat model of testosterone propionate (TP) induced BPH. Rats were divided into five groups: Gr. I, untreated control group; Gr. II, TP group; Gr. III, TP + finasteride; Gr. IV, TP + S. cerevisiae var. boulardii; and Gr. V, S. cerevisiae var. boulardii group. Treatments were given daily for 28 days. At the end of the experiment, all rats were weighed and the prostatic indices, prostate specific antigen, serum testosterone concentration as well as the histological and histomorphometric changes were evaluated. Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii significantly (P <0.05) reduced prostate weight, prostatic index, serum prostate specific antigen, prostatic epithelial thickness and increased luminal diameter. Thus, the results of this study suggest that S. cerevisiae var. boulardii is a potential pharmacological candidate for management of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Anti-BPH Activity of Polyherbal Formulation on Testosterone Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an enlargement of the prostate gland caused by progressive hyperplasia, or abnormal growth of cells of the glandular epithelial and stromal cells. Globally, it has been documented that more than 80% of men by the age of 80 will suffer from BPH. Most men are hesitant to undergo surgical interventions for fear of losing potency and the perception of other adverse side effects. Effectto® is a polyherbal formulation designed by Vasu Research Center to be used for the treatment of BPH. It can also be indicated that it can be used for lower urinary tract symptoms and bladder outlet obstruction. The formulation is expected to provide significant BPH relief. The present study was planned to evaluate the effect of a polyherbal formulation on testosterone- and citral-induced Prostatic Hyperplasia. The activity of the polyherbal formulation for BPH was evaluated using testosterone depot injection as the inducing agent in a testosterone-induced model and citral-induced model for the atypical type of BPH in rats. Also, the acute toxicity study was done using OECD 423 guidelines to check the toxicity of the test compound. Data are expressed as mean ± SD and statistical significance was evaluated using one way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. The polyherbal formulation was found to be safe at oral doses of 2000 mg/kg. Effectto® significantly decreased the weight of the prostate in the testosterone model as well as the citral model in rats. The effect on biochemical markers like serum PSA and TNF-α was also seen in both the cases. In particular serum PSA, the decrease was majorly significant in both the models when XIII compared. The formulation was able to reverse the effect of inducing agents on the prostate’s size.