Prospective Purchase Research Articles

Consumer purchase response to e-bike incentives: Results from a nationwide stated preference study

Electric bike (e-bike) incentives are gaining popularity to increase ownership of e-bikes, with goals of increased mobility while reducing emissions. This study is among the first to experimentally analyze prospective purchase behavior of e-bike consumers to assess price sensitivity, behavioral response to incentives, and consumer value of e-bike attributes. We present results of a nationwide (20 cities) stated-preference survey and find e-bike incentives are powerful levers to shift behavior. Different incentive mechanisms have different behavioral utility. Point-of-purchase discounts are the most influential at shifting behavior, followed by tax credits, then mail-in rebates. Point-of-purchase discounts are 30% more effective than mail-in rebates. Across point-of-purchase scenarios, the average inframarginal cost of an added e-bike purchase is $4252 (range $3719 to $4799). Income-based schemes that are often aimed at increasing equity result in cost-effectiveness trade-offs. Policy makers should evaluate the investment in e-bike purchase incentives across benefits from added e-bike ownership that include not only greenhouse gas reductions, but also health benefits, increased mobility, travel affordability, safety, and congestion reductions.

Optimal Information Acquisition and Sharing Decisions

The acquisition and sharing of reviews have significant ramifications for the selection of crowdsourcing designs before mass production. This article studies the optimal decision of a brand enterprise regarding the acquisition/sharing of crowdsourcing design reviews in a supply chain. The authors consider an analytical model where the brand enterprise can privately acquire the manufacturer's review (MR) of crowdsourcing product designs and choose one of two information-sharing schemes—optional or mandatory sharing—to disclose MR to the key opinion leaders (KOLs), which help them to produce fans' reviews (FR). MR and FR integrate into the joint reviews (JR) that impact prospective consumers' purchase intention. The authors find that mandatory sharing significantly harms the brand enterprise's motivation to obtain MR, yet optional sharing is conducive to boosting JR on crowdsourcing designs. In addition, JR has a ceiling value, implying that excessively high FR and MR could not always enhance the effect of JR on crowdsourcing designs.

Determinants of Consumer Behavior and Prospective Purchase Decisions in E-Commerce Environment: Evidence from Palestine

This paper intends to study consumers’ behavior and attitudes towards e-business industry in the Palestinian territories, and investigates the most important factors influencing the adoption decision, and models E-consumer behavior process toward the mass customization in e-business industry depending in the theory of reasoned action and theory of planned behavior. The sole objective of the following paper, which has been conducted on the year 2022, is to give an in-depth overview of all literature associated with E-consumer behavior focusing on consumer behavior process toward e-business industry in the Palestinian territories. The focus then turns to investigate the theoretical and conceptual framework of consumer behavior, and identify all concepts, principles and theories that will serve as foundations for the later studies. A comprehensive literature review of consumer behavior and factors influencing the adoption decision of e-business organizations from the point view of individual customers are also presented. This paper is divided into six major parts. The first and second parts outlines the environmental influences and interpersonal and intrapersonal determinants of E-consumer behavior, which includes investigating the role of culture, social classes, social and reference groups, personality, attitudes and the role of learning in shaping E-consumer behavior toward adoption. The third and fourth sections outlines the theory of reasoned action and theory planned behavior that will serve as foundations for this study. The fifth section provides a comprehensive literature review of consumer behavior and factors influencing the adoption decision of e-business organizations in Palestine. Finally, Structured Equation Model (SEM) technique has been utilized and the LISREL 8 program was used to test the impacts of Attitudes towards using technology (ATT), Reference Groups (RG), Personality (P) and Cultural Impacts (CI) on Perceived Usefulness (PU), Perceived Confidence (PC) and Behavioral Intention (BI).

Underlying Mechanisms of Brand Feedback's Mixed Effects in E-Commerce: Roles of Perceived Controllability, Stability, and Brand Trust.

The study (N = 879) investigated underlying mechanisms of the effects of brand feedback (a business' written response) to negative electronic word of mouth (eWOM) messages (e.g., online product reviews) using the theoretical framework of the attribution theory. Findings suggest that brand feedback can positively (via an indirect route) as well as negatively (via a direct route) affect prospective consumers' purchase intentions. Brand feedback positively affects purchase intentions in part through a reduction in consumers' perceptions of the brand's volitional control over the problem (controllability) and long-lasting nature (stability) of the cause of the problem described in a negative eWOM. Brand trust also partially mediates these indirect positive effects.

Digital innovations in the Czech Republic: developing the inner circle of the Triggering Change Model

ABSTRACT Purpose To assess how the primary actors within farmers’ microAKIS (self-assembled knowledge networks) changed as a technology evolved, utilising a case study of precision farming. Methodology Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 35 farmers in two Czech Regions. Findings The evolution of digital technologies led to an ongoing, incremental pattern of innovation, where innovating (pioneering) and early-adopting farmers experimented and developed new uses for the technologies. Technology suppliers were identified as the most important information sources, but pioneering farmers often exceeded advisors’ knowledge through farmers’ own experimentation, reflecting highly educated farm staff and the Czech history of on-farm experimentation. Pioneering farmers engaged in reciprocal advisory relationships. Practical Implications There may be limited demand for ‘independent’ advice on digital technological issues from large-scale farms. Smaller farms struggled to access both the technology and the advice because technical advice was dependent on prospective equipment purchase. Theoretical Implications Integration of the microAKIS concept and Triggering Change Model demonstrated how the characteristics of the innovation – particularly mutability – influence the role of advisors. Originality Findings advanced the Triggering Change Model by applying it to digital technological innovations and developing the inner circle of ‘co-innovation’, whereby advances to technologies are evaluated and integrated on an ongoing basis.

To Defend or Not to Defend? How Responses to Negative Customer Review Affect Prospective customers' Distrust and Purchase Intention

Negative online reviews are a ubiquitous problem that affects every online seller at some point. It can lead to prospective consumers' distrust and decrease future purchase intention. Therefore, formulating a proper response is essential for minimizing these negative effects. Based on the ability–motivation paradigm and stability attribution, we find that apology works better when the alleged cause is relatively unstable (e.g., competence-based negative review) and when the seller has a high ability to change. However, when the alleged cause is relatively stable (e.g., integrity-based negative review) or when the seller has a low ability to change, we show that it is better for the seller to defend its reputation. In addition, we demonstrate that a remedial action plan in the seller's response can reinforce the motivation to change communicated through apology. Thus, coupled with a remedial action plan, apology works better than defending one's reputation, regardless of the negative online review type.

Augmented Reality for Smart Store Assistant: an Application to Club Virtual Aspects into Real World Mall Experience

Due to increase in online shopping portals, conventional offline stores are facing a crisis and are losing their prominence. The paper brings about a solution to this, by empowering offline stores with the perks of online stores using Augmented Reality. Enhancing users experience will be a stepping stone to tackle this issue. Augmented reality is the trend these days, anything and everything blended with Augmented Reality is the future we are yet to witness. Augmented Reality is a implementation of various technologies that combines computer generated content and real-world display. The main aim of this paper is to develop application to offer options associated with a certain object alive to the real environment. For example, the price tags being popped up when we arrive at the products, mannequins as similar as the living models, reviews and offer details of a specific product that a user ought to know or for a prospective purchase.

Factors Influencing Consumer Behavior and Prospective Purchase Decisions in a Dynamic Pricing Environment — An Exploratory Factor Analysis Approach

The rapid advancements in information and communication technology during the third industrial revolution of the late 20th century has marked the beginning of a new era in the retail sector with the introduction of E-commerce. The dawn of the new century witnessed industry 4.0, revolutionizing all areas of online business by bringing in novel opportunities and possibilities. Despite the progress in technology, the determination of correct pricing on online selling platforms still remains a very complex task. The adoption of big data technology has enabled online sellers to make real-time price changes of high magnitude and proximity. However, with increasing awareness among buyers regarding modern pricing strategies, it is necessary to examine probable changes in consumer behavior when exposed to dynamic pricing scenarios. This study investigates the factors that influence consumer behavior, and their prospective online purchase decisions in a dynamic pricing context, through an exploratory factor analysis approach. A primary research survey was conducted, and 178 samples were finalized for data analysis through a series of web surveys completed by respondents in India. This study identifies, measures and classifies 27 research items into variables, namely shopping experience, privacy concerns, awareness about dynamic pricing, buying strategy, fair price perceptions, reprisal intentions and intentions for self-protection. These seven factors could be used to explain consumer behavior in a dynamic pricing situation.

Factors Influencing Consumer Behavior and Prospective Purchase Decisions in a Dynamic Pricing Environment—An Exploratory Factor Analysis Approach

The rapid advancements in information and communication technology during the third industrial revolution of the late 20th century has marked the beginning of a new era in the retail sector with the introduction of E-commerce. The dawn of the new century witnessed industry 4.0, revolutionizing all areas of online business by bringing in novel opportunities and possibilities. Despite the progress in technology, the determination of correct pricing on online selling platforms still remains a very complex task. The adoption of big data technology has enabled online sellers to make real-time price changes of high magnitude and proximity. However, with increasing awareness among buyers regarding modern pricing strategies, it is necessary to examine probable changes in consumer behavior when exposed to dynamic pricing scenarios. This study investigates the factors that influence consumer behavior, and their prospective online purchase decisions in a dynamic pricing context, through an exploratory factor analysis approach. A primary research survey was conducted, and 178 samples were finalized for data analysis through a series of web surveys completed by respondents in India. This study identifies, measures and classifies 27 research items into variables, namely shopping experience, privacy concerns, awareness about dynamic pricing, buying strategy, fair price perceptions, reprisal intentions and intentions for self-protection. These seven factors could be used to explain consumer behavior in a dynamic pricing situation.

Consumers Turning to the Internet Pharmacy Market: Cross-Sectional Study on the Frequency and Attitudes of Hungarian Patients Purchasing Medications Online.

BackgroundDuring the past two decades, the internet has become an accepted way to purchase products and services. Buying medications online are no exception. Besides its benefits, several patient safety risks are linked to the purchase of medicines outside the traditional supply chain. Although thousands of internet pharmacies are accessible on the web, the actual size of the market is unknown. Currently, there is limited data available on the use of internet pharmacies, the number, and attitude of people obtaining medications and other health products from the internet.ObjectiveThis study aims to gather information on the frequency and attitudes of patients purchasing medications online in a nationally representative sample of outpatients. Attitudes towards main supply chain channels, perceived benefits, and disadvantages of influencing online medication purchase are evaluated.MethodsA cross-sectional explorative study using a personally administered survey was conducted in a representative sample of Hungarian outpatients in 2018.ResultsA total of 1055 outpatients completed the survey (response rate 77.23%). The mean age was 45 years, and 456 (43.22%) reported having chronic health conditions. The majority (872/1055, 82.65%) of the respondents were aware that medications could be obtained online, but only 44 (4.17%) used the internet for previous medication purchases. Attitudes towards the different pharmaceutical supply chain retail channels showed significant differences (P<.001), respondents accepted retail pharmacy units as the most appropriate source of medications while rejected internet pharmacies. Respondents were asked to evaluate 9 statements regarding the potential benefits and disadvantages about the online medicine purchase, and based on the computed relative attitude rate there is a weak still significant tendency toward rejection (P<.001). Correspondence of demographic factors, internet usage behavior, and prospective online drug purchase attitude was evaluated. Respondents who use the internet more and purchase goods online will be more likely to buy medications online. Furthermore, youth and education will determine the medication purchase behavior.ConclusionsMany patients will purchase medications on the internet in the future. Currently, there is an increased risk of patients buying products from illegal sites because these dominate the global online pharmacy market. Consequently, improved patient-provider communication and promotion campaigns are needed to inform the public about the safe use of internet pharmacies, as these initiatives can directly prevent patient safety threats.

Higher education brand alliances: Investigating consumers' dual-degree purchase intentions

Extant research lacks insight into the nature, dynamics, and outcomes characterizing brand alliances in higher education. This research aims to bridge this gap by examining prospective students' purchase intention for dual degrees – a particular brand alliance type deployed in higher education. Findings indicate that prospective students' attitude toward the alliance (H1), their level of familiarity with the individual constituent brands (H2), brand trust (H3a), the interaction between brand familiarity and trust (H3b), as well as perceived fit between the constituent brands (H4) positively and significantly influence consumer purchase intention for particular dual-degree offerings. Overall, these findings extend scholarly insights in brand alliancing research, with a particular focus on higher education dual-degree offerings.

Consumer uncertainty: The influence of anticipatory emotions on ambivalence, attitudes, and intentions

ABSTRACTSpecific emotions and their combinations have important implications for consumer experiences and decisions. Therefore, emotional response is examined from a future temporal perspective in order to investigate the effect of anticipatory emotions on consumer ambivalence, attitudes, and intentions. In the first study, anticipatory emotions, compared with outcome‐based emotions, are found to be central in prospective consumption situations, and this combination of emotions is most likely to occur when consumers are presented with conflicting information. Furthermore, anticipatory mixed emotions (i.e., anticipatory ambivalence), in contrast to outcome‐based mixed emotions, were the greatest contributor to consumer discomfort and uncertainty regarding future consumption. The second study builds on the first by considering the effect of anticipatory ambivalence on attitudes and intentions in the context of a prospective purchase situation. Ambivalence was found to mediate the effect of evaluative information on intentions, as well as moderate the relationship between attitudes and intentions. Thus, the uncertainty associated with anticipatory emotions negatively affects intentions, as well as the relationship between attitudes and intentions. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

Green brand extension strategy and online communities

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine current and prospective consumer perceptions, purchase intent and parent brand evaluation due to green brand – line and category extensions by marketers of established (non‐green) brands for products with high vs low perceived environmental impact.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyses responses to online surveys by 602 pet‐owners at social networking websites. The quasi‐experiment considered perceived environmental impact of core product, parent‐brand user status, and green extension strategy (line vs category). Brand extension evaluation, purchase intent, and parent brand evaluation were then measured.FindingsResults suggest that consumers are more likely to purchase green extensions of products with high perceived environmental impact and that current consumers prefer green line extensions to green category extensions. Both have similar reciprocal impact on parent brand evaluation among current consumers.Research limitations/implicationsThe data have external validity but lack the control possible in laboratory experiments. Future research should replicate the study in other product categories.Practical implicationsManagers of established brands should consider brand extensions of products associated with high environmental impact only.Originality/valueThis paper examines managerial implications of line vs category extension strategies for green brand extensions of established brands.

Peculiarities of morgage valuation

Abstract Valuation for mortgage purposes is a very important part of the work of a surveyor in general practice. The property is valued at the date of inspection, but bearing in the future ‐ will the value be maintained and easily realizable. This work considers the important aspects of the approach to such valuation and the factors witch the valuer should take into account. In UK open market valuers use value as the basics of mortgage valuation, but possible diminution of value cannot be ignored. A valuer must inform the lender about special circumstances and the risk and duty of care, of the prospective purchase, which may base his decision to purchase on the valuer's report. In Germany the lending value is always established on the basis of real value (cost approach and income approach) (.dual pillar principle.), with both values being calculated independently of each other (control function). Depending on the type of property, the Mortgage Lending Value (MLV) will as a rule be derived through cost‐ or...

PECULIARITIES OF MORGAGE VALUATION

Valuation for mortgage purposes is a very important part of the work of a surveyor in general practice. The property is valued at the date of inspection, but bearing in the future ‐ will the value be maintained and easily realizable. This work considers the important aspects of the approach to such valuation and the factors witch the valuer should take into account. In UK open market valuers use value as the basics of mortgage valuation, but possible diminution of value cannot be ignored. A valuer must inform the lender about special circumstances and the risk and duty of care, of the prospective purchase, which may base his decision to purchase on the valuer's report. In Germany the lending value is always established on the basis of real value (cost approach and income approach) (.dual pillar principle.), with both values being calculated independently of each other (control function). Depending on the type of property, the Mortgage Lending Value (MLV) will as a rule be derived through cost‐ or the income approach. Mortgage Lending Value, provaided by the European Group of Valuers. Associations (TEGoVA) and the International Valuation Standards Committee (IVSC) are not strongly defined and it is necessary to rate criteria for the determination of the risk profile of property.

The Effect of Salesman Similarity and Expertise on Consumer Purchasing Behavior

From a managerial standpoint, the important question about salesman-customer interaction is how the salesman's behavior affects the outcome. What can the salesman do to shape the course along which the interaction proceeds? Are certain selling strategies and techniques more effective than others in this regard [4]? Brock [2] partly examined this question by comparing the selling efficacy of a paint salesman perceived as similar but inexperienced against the same salesman perceived as dissimilar but experienced. In the similar-inexperienced condition, the salesman emphasized that the magnitude of his own consumption of paint was the same as the amount being purchased by the customer; in the dissimilar-experienced condition, the salesman reported his own magnitude of consumption to be 20 times that of the customer's prospective purchase. The results indicated that similarity was more important than experience in the attempts to persuade customers to buy higher- as well as lower-priced paints than originally intended. Following Howard and Sheth's [7] concepts. Brock's findings would suggest that customers purchasing paint are following either Limited Problem Solving ' or Routinized Response Behavior^ decision processes involving psycho-social versus problem-solving game playing. Psycho-social game playing is the customer's reliance and use of the perceived power and attractiveness of the communicator in making purchase decisions. Problem-solving game playing can be defined as the customer's reliance and use of the perceived competence and trust, i.e., credibility, of the communicator in making purchase decisions, with experience and expertise being dimensions of competence [6, 8]. Thus, salesman attractiveness manifested in similarity of paint consumption

An Amendment to the Note on the Cost of Debt

Haley's line of reasoning can be reconstructed in the following way. When a borrower incurs a liability (issues a bond) he should gauge any prospective asset purchase with the proceeds against an alternative fund use, the purchase of his own bond. If the proceeds realized from the bond are B, but if the borrower would willingly pay L to be free of the obligation, L becomes a relevant variable in the asset acceptance decision. If the discounted value of any asset exceeds L, borrowing to buy it will be subjectively wealth-enhancing, whether or not the discounted value exceeds B.

British Food Journal Volume 38 Issue 6 1936

British Food Journal Volume 38 Issue 6 1936