Proprioceptive Sense Research Articles

Proprioceptive Localization of the Fingers: Coarse, Biased, and Context-Sensitive.

The proprioceptive sense provides somatosensory information about positions of parts of the body, information that is essential for guiding behavior and monitoring the body. Few studies have investigated the perceptual localization of individual fingers, despite their importance for tactile exploration and fine manipulation. We present two experiments assessing the performance of proprioceptive localization of multiple fingers, either alone or in combination with visual cues. In the first experiment, we used a virtual reality paradigm to assess localization of multiple fingers. Surprisingly, the errors averaged 3.7 cm per digit, which represents a significant fraction of the range of motion of any finger. Both random and systematic errors were large. The latter included participant-specific biases and participant-independent distortions that evoked similar observations from prior studies of perceptual representations of hand shape. In a second experiment, we introduced visual cues about positions of nearby fingers, and observed that this contextual information could greatly decrease localization errors. The results suggest that only coarse proprioceptive information is available through somatosensation, and that finer information may not be necessary for fine motor behavior. These findings may help elucidate human hand function, and inform new applications to the design of human-computer interfaces or interactions in virtual reality.

Effect of Maximal Anaerobic Loading on Lower Extremity Proprioceptive Sense in Soccer Players

This study was carried out to determine the effect of lower extremity muscle fatigue on proprioceptive sense in soccer players. 26 male soccer players who play licensed soccer in the amateur soccer teams of the Ağrı province and who was not injured in the past year (Age 20,03±3,38, weight 65,69±10,66, height 176,61±8,72) participated in the study voluntarily. The lactic acid concentration of the participants at rest and their proprioceptive sense measurements were determined by standardized methods and materials. Then, Wingate test was applied to the participants. The lactic acid concentration and proprioceptive sense measurements were repeated at the end of the test. The analysis of the collected data was carried out through the SPSS 22 program. Shapiro-Wilks test was conducted for normality distribution. Independent-Samples t-test was carried out in the comparison of test and control groups and Paired-Samples t-Test was utilized in the comparison of differences between pretest and posttest means. It was concluded that lower extremity fatigue in soccer players has a negative effect on lower extremity proprioceptive sense (p<0.05).

Forward head posture (FHP) angle and plantar pressure resulting from oscillatory stimulation training of the shoulder joint: A randomized controlled trial.

Oscillatory stimulation provides strong sensory stimulation, which can activate muscle spindles, strengthening proprioceptive sense and, therefore, helping to strengthen the muscles involved in posture stability. This study aimed to investigate the difference in average distribution of plantar pressure resulting from changes in the forward head position (FHP) angle caused by controlling muscle activity in the neck and shoulders through Bodyblade. The subjects were divided into an experimental group (Bodyblade, n= 15) and a control group (general physiotherapy, n= 15). Eighteen sessions of exercise were implemented. Craniovertebral angle (CVA) and cranial rotation angle (CRA) were measured to evaluate the change of FHP. The Gaitview AFA-50 (Alfoots Co, Korea) was used to measure the plantar pressure distribution. The experimental group showed a larger increase in CVA than the control group (p< 0.05). Only the experimental group showed a significant decrease in CRA (p< 0.05).Both the anterior pressure and posterior pressure showed a significant improvement only in the experimental group (p< 0.05). The experimental group showed a larger increase in anterior/posterior ratio than the control group (p< 0.05). Bodyblade improves the angle of FHP, thus positively affecting the average ratio of plantar pressure.

Micro-channel sieve electrode for concurrent bidirectional peripheral nerve interface. Part B: stimulation

Objective. Successful use of a prosthetic limb by an amputee is facilitated by haptic feedback—both a sense of touch and proprioception. Stimulating afferent fibers within peripheral nerves has been shown to provide somatosensation enabling amputees to modulate the control of prosthetic limbs. Peripheral nerve interfaces (PNIs) have also been used to decode patients’ motor intentions. It seems ideal to use PNIs to record efferent fibers for motor control while stimulating afferent fibers to create concurrent sensory feedback. However, while many PNIs claim to be bi-directional, few can both stimulate and record at the same time due to stimulation artifacts which are orders of magnitude larger than the recorded motor signals. This study uses computational modelling to compare the stimulation artifact at threshold levels of stimulation for thin-film transverse intrafascicular multichannel electrodes (tfTIMEs) with micro-channel sieve electrodes. Approach. Finite element models of micro-channel sieves and tfTIMESs were used to solve for electric fields generated during peripheral nerve stimulation. Electrophysiological responses were simulated using axon models. Stimulation artifacts were calculated for stimuli eliciting axonal action potentials. Simulations were carried out for multiple micro-channel geometries and electrode configurations. Main results. Stimulation artifacts generated for threshold stimulation currents are lower for micro-channel devices compared to tfTIMEs. Consequently, stimulus artifacts at threshold currents were substantially higher for the tfTIME. Micro-channel width has a moderate impact on recruitment thresholds and stimulus artifacts. Using the micro-channel sieve in bipolar and tripolar stimulation configurations greatly decreases stimulation artifacts particularly for optimized contact placements (CPs). Electroneurogram (ENG) signals from the companion paper were incorporated showing a great improvement in signal-to-artifact ratio for the micro-channel electrode compared to tfTIMEs. Significance. Stimulating regenerated nerve tissue using micro-channel sieve electrodes can decrease stimulation artifacts and elicit neuronal responses at low stimulation amplitudes. Further analysis provides clues to optimal implementations of micro-channel devices. Finally, stimulation artifacts for simulated tfTIME devices were 2–3 orders of magnitude larger than ENG levels. In contrast, for some micro-channel configurations stimulation artifacts were 3–4 orders of magnitude smaller than ENG levels.

Cross-modal effects in speech perception.

Speech research during recent years has moved progressively away from its traditional focus on audition toward a more multisensory approach. In addition to audition and vision, many somatosenses including proprioception, pressure, vibration and aerotactile sensation are all highly relevant modalities for experiencing and/or conveying speech. In this article, we review both long-standing cross-modal effects stemming from decades of audiovisual speech research as well as new findings related to somatosensory effects. Cross-modal effects in speech perception to date are found to be constrained by temporal congruence and signal relevance, but appear to be unconstrained by spatial congruence. Far from taking place in a one-, two- or even three-dimensional space, the literature reveals that speech occupies a highly multidimensional sensory space. We argue that future research in cross-modal effects should expand to consider each of these modalities both separately and in combination with other modalities in speech.

Assessing retinal photosensitivity in patients with central vision impairment using a portable perimeter (a preliminary report)

The problem of reliably performing perimetry in people with impaired central vision who are unable to keep the gaze on the fixation point during the examination is yet to be resolved. To develop a perimetry method for patients with impaired central vision using a portative perimeter based on a virtual reality device (p-VRD). The study included 16 eyes (19 patients) without central vision (maximum visual acuity was from lateral light projection to 20/400). Each eye was examined in 3 ways and 3 groups were organized: 1st (control) - automatic static perimeter; 2nd (control) - Goldmann kinetic perimeter; 3-rd (experimental) - portable automatic static perimeter based on a virtual reality device (p-VRD). Patients of the experimental group used their sense of deep proprioception to keep the gaze on the screen center: putting p-VRD on, they were asked to lift a finger opposite their face on the eye level so that their line of sight went through the centre of the device's screen. Perimetry results in the 1st group were found to be unreliable due to frequent fixation loss. The contours of central scotoma could be determined in perimetry results of the 2nd and 3rd groups while achieving good comparability between the two respective methods (conformity coefficient K=73.7%). It is possible to assess light sensitivity of the eyes without central vision by performing perimetry with p-VRD. Satisfactory gaze fixation on the central zone of p-VRD screen is possible thanks to the human's sense of deep proprioception - the nonvisual sense of the exact location of the limbs.

Changes in Balance and Proprioceptive Sensation According to Trampoline Exercise Posture and Resting Time

Changes in Balance and Proprioceptive Sensation According to Trampoline Exercise Posture and Resting Time

Balance state development and correction methods in preschool children

In the article the methods of balance function formation in preschool children with musculoskeletal system disorders are systematized and analyzed. In the basis of dynamic stability correction in this children contingent were laid phylogenetically predisposed mechanisms of the postural aplomb system, reflected in periods of early child ontogeny: vestibular - visual - proprioceptive - gift - oculomotor. To improve each of these input channels of the aplomb postural system, a specific technique algorithm for the development and correction of the balance function in preschool children with motor disorders was developed. For the vestibular channel it is suggested to use methods of hydraulic inverted (mirroring), "weightlessness", smoothness (metered angular accelerations). For the visual channel you can use the methods of "dark room", "tuning fork", "dawn". Proprioceptive channel improvement of the postural aplomb system involves the use of gradually reducing methods of bearing surface area, strengthening proprioceptive sensations (the method of "two fans"). The given canal of the child vestibular system can be developed using such methods as "topographic", "two-axis – one-axis", sensory stimulation, contrast method, and also the method of "stilts". The oculomotor system of child with balance state disturbances can be improved by the method of expanding oculomotor space-time eyes possibilities, the method of the ball, as well as the method of visual selective object capture, separating it from a variety of objects or from fleeting environment. This classification of methods are given with their conditional division into natural, phylogenetic and ontogenetic predetermined, and artificial, based on the use of the subject-spatial component (equipment, simulators and inventory), as well as the use of the possibilities of information and computer technologies with reverse biological bonds. The prospects of studying the development methods and correction of balance function in preschool children with motor disorders is the development of specific exercise complexes for each of the developed methods, followed by their practical testing in this children contingent.

Analysis of the Relationship between Proprioceptive Sensory Functions and Body Mass Index Parameters of Football and Volleyball Players

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between proprioceptive sensory functions and body mass index parameters of football and volleyball players. 16 male football players and 16 male volleyball players between the ages 18 and 28, who have been certified players in a team and have not had a sports injury in the last five years, voluntarily participated in this research. In this study, body mass indexes (BMI) are figured out by measuring height and body weight (BW) and proprioceptive sense functions are measured by using TechnoBody PK-252 isokinetic balance system measurement device. Balance parameters are recorded as stability index (SI), average force variance (AFV) and average track error (ATE). In the study findings, it is observed that there is no meaningful correlation between the parameters for football players, though there is a negative meaningful correlation between BW and BMI values and ATE and SI values for volleyball players (p<0,05). Although there is not a difference between research groups’ proprioceptive sense functions and BMI values, there is a meaningful difference between groups’ body height and BW values in the course of comparing the groups. According to these results, it can be said that there is a correlation between some anthropometric data (BW, BMI) and proprioceptive sense functions. However, it is considered that the number of similar studies should be increased in order to reach a final judgement.

Proprioception in Visual Mental Imagery of Spaces while Deep Listening

This article explores the sense of proprioception within visual mental imagery. The research is based on an experiment named In/Pe (Intention/Perception) developed by the author. The analysis of the data investigates the perception by an audience of architectural spaces, as well as natural environments, in visual mental imageries, emerging from a focused listening process of three fixed-medium pieces, one sound installation and one performance. This highlights the idea of the experience of the artwork as a virtual constructed perception within one’s mind, an embodied experience that triggers the phenomenal world of sensation. The study examines what kind of spaces are visualised by the ‘beholder’. The overall agreement in how participants imagine spaces suggests that the perception is linked to their own bodies.

The Ewing Amputation: The First Human Implementation of the Agonist-Antagonist Myoneural Interface.

The agonist-antagonist myoneural interface (AMI) comprises a surgical construct and neural control architecture designed to serve as a bidirectional interface, capable of reflecting proprioceptive sensation of prosthetic joint position, speed, and torque from and advanced limb prosthesis onto the central nervous system. The AMI surgical procedure has previously been vetted in animal models; we here present the surgical results of its translation to human subjects. Modified unilateral below knee amputations were performed in the elective setting in 3 human subjects between July 2016 and April 2017. AMIs were constructed in each subject to control and interpret proprioception from the bionic ankle and subtalar joints. Intraoperative, perioperative, and postoperative residual-limb outcome measures were recorded and analyzed, including electromyographic and radiographic imaging of AMI musculature. Mean subject age was 38 ± 13 years, and mean body mass index was 29.5 ± 5.5 kg/m2. Mean operative time was 346 ± 87 minutes, including 120 minutes of tourniquet time per subject. Complications were minor and included transient cellulitis and one instance of delayed wound healing. All subjects demonstrated mild limb hypertrophy postoperatively, and intact construct excursion with volitional muscle activation. All patients reported a high degree of phantom limb position perception with no reports of phantom pain. The AMI offers the possibility of improved prosthetic control and restoration of muscle-tendon proprioception. Initial results in this first cohort of human patients are promising and provide evidence as to the potential role of AMIs in the care of patients requiring below knee amputation.

Dorsal Root Ganglia Isolation and Primary Culture to Study Neurotransmitter Release.

Dorsal root ganglia (DRG) contain cell bodies of sensory neurons. This type of neuron is pseudo-unipolar, with two axons that innervate peripheral tissues, such as skin, muscle and visceral organs, as well as the spinal dorsal horn of the central nervous system. Sensory neurons transmit somatic sensation, including touch, pain, thermal, and proprioceptive sensations. Therefore, DRG primary cultures are widely used to study the cellular mechanisms of nociception, physiological functions of sensory neurons, and neural development. The cultured neurons can be applied in studies involving electrophysiology, signal transduction, neurotransmitter release, or calcium imaging. With DRG primary cultures, scientists may culture dissociated DRG neurons to monitor biochemical changes in single or multiple cells, overcoming many of the limitations associated with in vivo experiments. Compared to commercially available DRG-hybridoma cell lines or immortalized DRG neuronal cell lines, the composition and properties of the primary cells are much more similar to sensory neurons in tissue. However, due to the limited number of cultured DRG primary cells that can be isolated from a single animal, it is difficult to perform high-throughput screens for drug targeting studies. In the current article, procedures for DRG collection and culture are described. In addition, we demonstrate the treatment of cultured DRG cells with an agonist of neuropeptide FF receptor type 2 (NPFFR2) to induce the release of peptide neurotransmitters (calcitonin gene-related peptide (CRGP) and substance P (SP)).

Neural Coding of Leg Proprioception in Drosophila

Animals rely on an internal sense of body position and movement to effectively control motor behavior. This sense of proprioception is mediated by diverse populations of mechanosensory neurons distributed throughout the body. Here, we investigate neural coding of leg proprioception in Drosophila, using invivo two-photon calcium imaging of proprioceptive sensory neurons during controlled movements of the fly tibia. We found that the axons of leg proprioceptors are organized into distinct functional projections that contain topographic representations of specific kinematic features. Using subclass-specific genetic driver lines, we show that one group of axons encodes tibia position (flexion/extension), another encodes movement direction, and a third encodes bidirectional movement and vibration frequency. Overall, our findings reveal how proprioceptive stimuli from a single leg joint are encoded by a diverse population of sensory neurons, and provide a framework for understanding how proprioceptive feedback signals are used by motor circuits to coordinate the body.

Postoperative Treatment of Distal Radius Fractures Using Sensorimotor Rehabilitation.

Background Sensorimotor and specifically proprioception sense has been used in rehabilitation to treat neurological and joint injuries. These feedback loops are not well understood or implemented in wrist treatment. We observed a temporary sensorimotor loss, following distal radius fractures (DRF) that should be addressed postsurgery. Purpose The purpose of this prospective therapeutic study was to compare the outcomes of patients following surgery for DRF treated using a sensorimotor treatment protocol with those patients treated according to the postoperative standard of care. Patients and Methods Patients following surgery for DRF sent for hand therapy were eligible for the study. Both the evaluation and treatment protocols included a comprehensive sensorimotor panel. Patients were randomized into standard and standard plus sensorimotor postoperative therapy and were evaluated a few days following surgery, at 6 weeks, and 3 months postsurgery. Results Sixty patients following surgery were randomized into the two treatment regimens. The initial evaluation was similar for both groups and both demonstrated significant sensorimotor deficits, following surgery for DRF. There was documented sensorimotor and functional improvement in both groups with treatment. The clinical results were better in the group treated with the sensorimotor-proprioception protocol mostly in the wrist; however, not all of the differences were significant. Conclusion Patients after surgery for DRF demonstrate significant sensorimotor deficits which may improve faster when utilizing a comprehensive sensorimotor treatment protocol. However, we did not demonstrate efficacy of the protocol in treating proprioceptive deficits. Further study should include refinement of functional outcome evaluation, studying of the treatment protocol, and establishment of sensorimotor therapeutic guidelines for other conditions. Level of Evidence This is a level II, therapeutic study.

Efekty hipoterapii. Przegląd aktualnych doniesień (2013–2017)

ABSTRAKTWstęp: Hipoterapia jest ważną metodą usprawniania osób z problemami natury zarówno psychicznej, jak i fizycznej. Oddziałuje ona w trzech podstawowych sferach funkcjonowania człowieka. W sferze fizycznej podnosi ogólną sprawność, normalizuje napięcie mięśniowe, toruje prawidłowy wzorzec chodu, poprawia koordynację zdolności motorycznych, w tym głównie równowagi i poczucia rytmu. Poprawia orientację w przestrzeni i schemacie własnego ciała oraz stymuluje normalizację czucia głębokiego i powierzchniowego. W sferze emocjonalno-motywacyjnej powoduje wzrost motywacji i akceptacji procesu terapeutycznego. Zwiększa poczucie własnej wartości i zmniejsza zaburzenia emocjonalne. W obrębie strefy poznawczej stymuluje odbiór wrażeń zmysłowych. Poprawia percepcję wzrokową i słuchową. Stymuluje uwagę, pamięć, myślenie, mowę oraz nabywanie i rozwijanie nowych umiejętności. Natomiast w strefie społecznej aktywizuje psychospołecznie i rozwija pozytywne relacje społeczne.Coraz częściej bada się efekty stosowania hipoterapii u dzieci i dorosłych z różnymi dolegliwościami. Badania te prowadzone są różnymi metodami i przynoszą odmienne wyniki. Celem niniejszej pracy był przegląd aktualnych doniesień z obrębu recenzowanych czasopism naukowych o zasięgu międzynarodowym dotyczących badań nad efektywnością terapii z udziałem konia.Wyniki i wnioski: Wyłoniono 13 publikacji z lat 2013–2017 spełniających kryteria wyszukiwania. Uzyskane wyniki wykazały, że najlepsze efekty osiągane są w zakresie usprawniania motorycznego, głównie w zakresie poprawy równowagi, postawy, chodu oraz komunikacji i percepcji społecznej.

Neural Basis of Touch and Proprioception in Primate Cortex.

The sense of proprioception allows us to keep track of our limb posture and movements and the sense of touch provides us with information about objects with which we come into contact. In both senses, mechanoreceptors convert the deformation of tissues-skin, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or joints-into neural signals. Tactile and proprioceptive signals are then relayed by the peripheral nerves to the central nervous system, where they are processed to give rise to percepts of objects and of the state of our body. In this review, we first examine briefly the receptors that mediate touch and proprioception, their associated nerve fibers, and pathways they follow to the cerebral cortex. We then provide an overview of the different cortical areas that process tactile and proprioceptive information. Next, we discuss how various features of objects-their shape, motion, and texture, for example-are encoded in the various cortical fields, and the susceptibility of these neural codes to attention and other forms of higher-order modulation. Finally, we summarize recent efforts to restore the senses of touch and proprioception by electrically stimulating somatosensory cortex. © 2018 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 8:1575-1602, 2018.

Anatomical study and clinical application of anterior lateral malleolar venous network graft for repair of superficial palmar arch defects

Objective To explore the anatomic basis of anterior lateral malleolar venous network graft for repair of superficial palmar arch defects and report its clinical efficacy. Methods Microsurgical anatomical study was performed in 6 specimens of fresh Chinese adult lower extremities to observe and measure the branches, distribution, vessel length, caliber and venous valve characteristics of the anterior lateral malleolar venous network. From May 2007 to February 2017, 15 patients with superficial palmar arch defects were treated by anterior lateral malleolar venous network graft. Results Anatomical study results showed that there was a obviously visible venous network in the superficial fascia of the anterior lateral malleolus. The distal end was originated from the fibular side of the arcus venosus dorsalis pedis, and the proximal vessels flowed into the great saphenous vein medially and the small saphenous vein laterally. Between them, there were 4 to 6 fine veins that formed network. The length of the distal dorsal segment of small saphenous vein (BC) was (2.81±0.39) cm. The branch length of the anterior lateral malleolar venous network (CD) was (5.32±0.92) cm. The fibular side vascular diameter of arcus venosus dorsalis pedis was (2.15±0.35) mm. The proximal end of the vascular network had 4.8 branches. The diameter of the vascular branch at the tip of the lateral malleolus E line horizon averaged (1.06±0.43) mm. There are an average of 4.2 valves per anterior lateral malleolar venous network. The valves in branches are toward the proximal direction. Clinically, 15 cases of superficial palmar arch defects were treated by anterior lateral malleolar venous network graft with a total of 54 anastomosis sites of distal area of recipient area and an average of 3.6 anastomosis sites per case. Postoperatively, 1 case suffered partial distal thumb necrosis and the rest of the distal fingers survived uneventfully. The follow-up time ranged from 6 months to 5 years and 3 months in 12 cases. The appearance of the hand was good, and the function of holding and opposition movement was restored. The finger proprioceptive sense was recovered. The two-point discrimination was 5 to 7 mm. According to the upper extremity function evaluation criteria issued by Hand Surgery Society of the Chinese Medical Association, the results were graded as excellent in 6 cases, good in 4 cases, fair in 1 case and poor in 1 case. There was no influence on the function of donor site. Conclusion The anatomy of anterior lateral malleolar venous network is constant. Its shape, diameter and number of branches are similar to the superficial palmar arch. The valve opening is toward the proximal end. It is an ideal method for repairing the defects of superficial palmar arch. Key words: Dissection; Vascular grafting; Venous network; Superficial palmar arch

Effects of Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Somatosensory Recovery After Stroke

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation over the primary somatosensory cortex on the recovery of somatosensation, motor function, and the activities of daily living in patients with subacute stroke. This study was a prospective, randomized sham controlled, double-blinded study. Patients with subacute stroke having somatosensory deficits (N = 24) were enrolled and assigned randomly to the anodal and sham stimulation groups. Patients received 10 consecutive anodal or sham transcranial direct current stimulations over the primary somatosensory cortex on the side of the stroke lesion. Before and after each stimulation session, Nottingham sensory assessments, Semmes Weinstein monofilaments examination, and manual function tests were performed, and modified Brunnstrom classification, modified Barthel index, and functional ambulation categories were assessed. Although there was no clear significant difference between the two groups, when the changes from baseline to posttreatment evaluation were compared between the groups, a partially significant improvement was observed in the anodal stimulation group compared with the sham stimulation group. Interestingly, the tactile sensation of the unaffected side also improved. Moreover, the greater improvement in activities of daily living function was observed in the anodal stimulation group too. Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation over the primary somatosensory cortex may be a useful adjuvant therapy for the recovery of somatosensation and activities of daily living function in patients with sensory deficits after stroke.

Home Use of a Neural-connected Sensory Prosthesis Provides the Functional and Psychosocial Experience of Having a Hand Again

The loss of a hand has many psychosocial repercussions. While advanced multi-articulated prostheses can improve function, without sensation, they cannot restore the full experience and connection of a hand. Direct nerve interfaces can restore naturalistic sensation to amputees. Our sensory restoration system produced tactile and proprioceptive sensations on the hand via neural stimulation through chronically implanted electrodes. In this study, upper limb amputees used a sensory-enabled prosthesis in their homes and communities, autonomously and unconstrained to specific tasks. These real-life conditions enabled us to study the impact of sensation on prosthetic usage, functional performance, and psychosocial experience. We found that sensory feedback fundamentally altered the way participants used their prosthesis, transforming it from a sporadically-used tool into a readily and frequently-used hand. Functional performance with sensation improved following extended daily use. Restored sensation improved a wide range of psychosocial factors, including self-efficacy, prosthetic embodiment, self-image, social interaction, and quality of life. This study demonstrates that daily use of a sensory-enabled prosthesis restores the holistic experience of having a hand and more fully reconnects amputees with the world.

Motion Sickness Simulation Based on Sensorimotor Control

AbstractSensorimotor control is an essential mechanism for human motions, from involuntary reflex actions to intentional motor skill learning, such as walking, jumping, and swimming. Humans perform various motions according to different task goals and physiological sensory perception; however, most existing computational approaches for motion simulation and generation rarely consider the effects of human perception. The assumption of perfect perception (i.e., no sensory errors) of existing approaches restricts the generated motion types and makes dynamical reactions less realistic. We propose a general framework for sensorimotor control, integrating a balance controller and a vestibular model, to generate perception‐aware motions. By exploiting simulated perception, more natural responses that are closer to human reactions can be generated. For example, motion sickness caused by the impairments in the function of the vestibular system induces postural instability and body sway. Our approach generates physically correct motions and reasonable reactions to external stimuli since the spatial orientation estimation by the vestibular system is essential to preserve balance. We evaluate our framework by demonstrating standing balance on a rotational platform with different angular speeds and duration. The generated motions show that either faster angular speeds or longer rotational duration cause more severe motion sickness. Our results demonstrate that sensorimotor control, integrating human perception and physically‐based control, offers considerable potential for providing more human‐like behaviors, especially for perceptual illusions of human beings, including visual, proprioceptive, and tactile sensations.