Proprietary Specifications Research Articles

SemBox: Semantic Interoperability in a Box for Wearable e-Health Devices.

In this work, we propose SemBox -- Semantic interoperability in a Box, to enable wireless on-the-go communication between heterogeneous wearable health monitoring devices. It can connect wirelessly to the health monitoring devices and receive their data packets. It uses a Mamdani-based fuzzy inference system with data pre-processing to classify the received data packet into one of the classes of the vital parameters. It enables semantic interoperability by labelling and annotating the data packets based on the extracted packet information. We implement SemBox using three different health monitoring wearables, with different keywords used for each vital parameter representation in the data packet. SemBox shows a maximum classification accuracy of 85.71%, with a maximum PDR of 1 at the SemBox with varying device parameters. Overall, SemBox is a potential plug-and-play solution to achieve semantic interoperability and collaboration between heterogeneous health monitoring wearable devices, irrespective of their commercial and proprietary specifications. It is customizable for applications that use multiple heterogeneous devices for collaborative monitoring and decision support. SemBox enables interoperability among health monitoring devices, introduces flexibility and ease the inter-device dynamics in the domain of biomedical research.

Two Obstacle Factors for Technological Standardization: The Viewpoint of Technological Frame

The concept of the Internet of Things (IoT), which is an architecture in which devices supplied by various firms and services operated by distributed organizations exchange data, has been adopted in an increasing number of situations. While there are cases in which a small number of limited organizations collaborate on certain ecosystems based on proprietary specifications, the development of open standards is increasingly important for building scalable ecosystems because of the introduction of the concepts of Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0. Under these circumstances, there are two types of barriers to standardization. One barrier is the lack of shared frames for architectural design. The other barrier is the lack of awareness of the need for scalability. In this paper, we analyze the factors underlying these two barriers and discuss the path towards breakthroughs.

Interoperable smart card data management in public mass transit

Due to a lack of shared practices of deployment, installation and application, the first commercial smart ticketing projects were built on proprietary specifications limiting their scope of integration and compatibility between them. As a result, a move towards global standards and specifications can be observed in current research as well as in practical applications. Therefore, interoperability in public mass transit has become a central aspect of e-ticketing. In this paper, we develop a standardised process on how to handle the emerging smart card data in an interoperable environment. The goal is to present a unified approach where data mining tools and model applications can be tested and implemented in every region embedded in the integrated network. The Interoperable Smart Card Data Chain (ISCDC), which is presented in this paper, provides a continuous procedure for standardised data handling and management. Using insights from expert interviews with German public transit entities, we deduce best practices on how to implement the ISCDC effectively.

Practical Methods for Aircraft and Rotorcraft Flight Control Systems: An Optimization-Based Approach [Bookshelf

This book provides information covering the fundamentals of control theory and optimization applied to real-world flight control systems. Covers the following topics: the challenges inherent in flight control system design; an overview of their core approach to flight control system design utilizing multiobjective parametric optimization; the specific software developed called Control Designer’s Unified Interface (CONDUIT); detailed explanations of the tools, plots, language, and four key components involved in defining the problem using CONDUIT; the XV-15 hover/forward flight case study is discussed in sufficient detail for even seasoned veterans to find the presentation informative and useful. Here the authors have done an excellent job of demonstrating many flight control concepts; proprietary specifications; methodologies for developing simulation models of model-based flight control system designs; design of flight control systems; the inner workings of the design optimization approach. The coverage includes specifics of various algorithms, along with their relative advantages and disadvantages. This chapter also provides insights into sequential loop closure strategies, with emphasis on their effectiveness and practical use; nested versus simultaneous multiloop strategies; and design considerations for real-world applications. This book serves as an excellent reference for senior undergraduate and/or graduate students, and it provides a wellbalanced perspective covering the theory, implementation, and practical applications of flight control design.

In-Vehicle Emergency Call Services: eCall and Beyond

What is the status of in-vehicle emergency call services? Which standards are being adopted? Does the NG-911/112 architecture support such services? The objective of this article is to address these questions. To do so we review the evolution of eCall, compare approaches developed in different parts of the world, and discuss interoperability between selected systems. This study shows that it is challenging to compare and classify in-vehicle emergency call systems because of different standards, terminologies, and proprietary specifications. We conclude that the NG-911/112 framework provides the building blocks to support next generation eCall, and can contribute to a common standard for the interface between private service centers and public safety answering points.

Self-estimation by nurses care on patients staying in hospices

Introduction: Medical care especially in the last part of life is very important regarding its quality. Holistic care of ill people should in equal part take into account psychological, physiologic, social and spiritual needs of the patients. Aim of the study: Estimation to what extent the needs of the hospitalized in the hospices patients are satisfied. Establishing which elements are the most important in holistic nature of taken care.Material and method: The study included 68 hospice nurses taking care of patients. The research tool was a questionnaire consisting of proprietary specifications and 23 closed questions for self-assessment of care. The research was voluntary and anonymous, carried them among employees working in hospices fixed Trzebnica, Wroclaw, Chojnów, Kowary, Lubin and Wałbrzych in the period from June to August 2012.Results: Most of the interviewees (62%, 42) are self-satisfied and regard their service has good quality. They think their attitude to the patient is proper and contact is fully acceptable (59%, 40). They achieve satisfaction at work (43%, 29), show empathy (69%, 47), patience and respect (84%, 57), observe personal dignity and intimacy (51%, 35), and his psycho-social and spiritual needs are equally important as physiological (88%, 60). However from time to time patient is treated instrumentally (53%, 36). The main reason for that is haste (85%, 58). Conclusions: Most interviewees are satisfied with own attitude toward hospitalized patients and is taking their opinion regarding care fundamentals into account. Interviewees are respecting patients’ dignity, they notice psycho-social and spiritual needs. The most important factors diminishing quality of performed care are haste, work overload and fatigue. The results show, however, that there is a difference between its own assessment of care and the actual.

Implementation of High Power Power-Over-Ethernet System Based on LTPoE++

A new Power over Ethernet (PoE) proprietary specification known as LTPoE++ and its solution for high power PoE system is introduced. A 90W single port high power PoE system based on the LTPoE++ solution using power sourcing equipment (PSE) controller LTC4274A-4 and powered device (PD) controller LT4275A produced by Linear Technology is illustrated, including overall structure, features, hardware frames, functions and their implementation. Finally working process of the system is analyzed.

Reflections on the Role of Open Source in Health Information System Interoperability

This paper reflects on the role of open source in health information system interoperability. Open source is a driving force in computer science research and the development of information systems. It facilitates the sharing of information and ideas, enables evolutionary development and open collaborative testing of code, and broadens the adoption of interoperability standards. In health care, information systems have been developed largely ad hoc following proprietary specifications and customized design. However, the wide deployment of integrated services such as Electronic Health Records (EHRs) over regional health information networks (RHINs) relies on interoperability of the underlying information systems and medical devices. This reflection is built on the experiences of the PICNIC project that developed shared software infrastructure components in open source for RHINs and the OpenECG network that offers open source components to lower the implementation cost of interoperability standards such as SCP-ECG, in electrocardiography. Open source components implementing standards and a community providing feedback from real-world use are key enablers of health care information system interoperability. Investing in open source is investing in interoperability and a vital aspect of a long term strategy towards comprehensive health services and clinical research.

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Material Certification Of Oilfield Well Control Equipment For Critical Sour Service Applications

Abstract Metallic components used in sour environments are susceptible to failure from sulphide stress cracking (SSC). Material recommendations and restrictions are intended to reduce the risk of ssc. The Blowout Prevention Review Committee (BPRC) formulated a series of documents entitled Alberta Recommended Practices (ARP). ARP contains very specific guidelines for well control equipment for drilling critical sour wells. Attempts to certify these components have found some items of non-conformance and significant problems with required documentation. One operator in an attempt to detail and assist the drilling contractor and rental companies is preparing a specification to outline their requirements for acceptable documentation and testing methods in order to qualify equipment for critical sour gas work. This specification, which encompasses the ARP requirements, offers a practical approach to certification and testing of well control equipment inc/riding BOP stacks, manifolds, valves and piping. The requirements of ARP as well as, the critical sour well control equipment specification will be presented. Introduction NACE Standard MR-01–75 "Sulphide Stress Cracking Resistant Metallic Materials for Oil Field Equipment"(l) provides a list of materials at hardness levels that are considered resistant to sulphide stress cracking (SSC) in pressurized H2S bearing environments. Under direction from the Blowout Prevention Review Committee (BPRC), an additional document entitled the Alberta Recommended Practices (ARP)(2), was developed to complement existing standards and specifications by providing greater detail to Alberta's drilling industry. The ARP exclusively addresses critical sour wells as defined by the ERCB Interim Directive ID 87–2, "Sour Well Licensing and Drilling Requirements". The ARP document outlines an excellent approach towards achieving provincial-wide quality control for drilling critical sour wells. The next step is to heighten industry awareness of the recommendations. Because ARP currently has no legislative backing, enforcement is typically left up to the operators. Over the next few years, many of the operators will include these recommendations in proprietary specifications thereby substituting the word recommended with required. Conformance would often be assured by an audit of the equipment and documentation. Unfortunately, enforcement of these recommendations can be particularly onerous to the drilling contractors and equipment rental companies. There is a definite time and cost barrier to overcome with respect to certification of existing equipment, however new equipment can be purchased with sufficient documentation to ensure conformance. The purchaser must specify what documentation is required (mill certificates, weld procedures, inspection reports), otherwise the documents will not arrive with the equipment. Maintaining complete certification also requires traceable record keeping. Naturally drilling contractors and rental companies with suitable documentation in place will be in the best position to offer a competitive bid. The cost and effort required to certify existing equipment can be somewhat alleviated by proper record keeping and a better understanding of what is actually required. Often effort is expended in one direction while more severe problems remain unattended. For instance, repetitive testing could be eliminated by proper record keeping. Another problem is the use of inappropriate testing equipment due to a lack of awareness with respect to accuracy and limitations. During audits of equipment documentation, many deficiencies and problem areas have been noted. A

Brazing alloys for marine service

The microstructure of brazing alloys to B.S. 1845 and to certain proprietary specifications is reviewed and related to corrosion performanee in sea water on joints with copper, 70/30 cupro-nickel and 7% aluminium bronze. The factors influencing corrosion are illustrated and discussed and recommendations are made as to the suitability of various braze metal-parent metal combinaiions. Of seven brazing alloys tested with the three parent materialsi only two were completely satisfactory, two could be used within certain limitations and three were unsatisfactory.