Simulation Of Proposed System Research Articles

A Systematic Parameter Analysis of Cloud Simulation Tools in Cloud Computing Environments

To provide various applications in various domains, a large-scale cloud data center is required. Cloud computing enables access to nearly infinite computing resources on demand. As cloud computing grows in popularity, researchers in this field must conduct real-world experiments. Configuring and running these tests in an actual cloud environment is costly. Modeling and simulation methods, on the other hand, are acceptable solutions for emulating environments in cloud computing. This research paper reviewed several simulation tools specifically for cloud computing in the literature and presented the most effective simulation methods in this research domain, as well as an analysis of a variety of cloud simulation tools. Cloud computing tools such as CloudSim, CloudSim Plus, CloudAnalyst, iFogSim, and CloudReports were evaluated. Furthermore, a parametric evaluation of cloud simulation tools is presented based on the identified parameters. Several 5-parameter tests were performed to demonstrate the capabilities of the cloud simulator. These results show the value of our proposed simulation system. CloudSim, CloudSim Plus, CloudAnalyst, iFogSim, and CloudReports are used to evaluate host processing elements, virtual machine processing elements, cloudlet processing elements, userbase average, minimum, and maximum, and cloudlet ID Start Time, Finish Time, Average Start, and Average Finish for each simulator. The outcomes compare these five simulator metrics. After reading this paper, the reader will be able to compare popular simulators in terms of supported models, architecture, and high-level features. We performed a comparative analysis of several cloud simulators based on various parameters. The goal is to provide insights for each analysis given their features, functionalities, and guidelines on the way to researchers’ preferred tools.

Modelling the Operation Process of Light Utility Vehicles in Transport Systems Using Monte Carlo Simulation and Semi-Markov Approach

This research paper presents studies on the operation process of the Honker 2000 light utility vehicles that are part of the Polish Armed Forces transport system. The phase space of the process was identified based on the assumption that at any given moment the vehicle remains in one of four states, namely, task execution, awaiting a transport task, periodic maintenance, or repair. Vehicle functional readiness and technical suitability indices were adopted as performance measures for the technical system. A simulation model based on Monte Carlo methods was developed to determine the changes in the operational states. The occurrence of the periodic maintenance state is strictly determined by a planned and preventive strategy of operation applied within the analysed system. Other states are implementations of stochastic processes. The original source code was developed in the MATLAB environment to implement the model. Based on estimated probabilistic characteristics, the authors validated 16 simulation models resulting from all possible cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) that satisfied the condition of a proper match to empirical data. Based on the simulated operation process for a sample of 19 vehicles over the assumed 20-year forecast horizon, it was possible to determine the functional readiness and technical suitability indices. The relative differences between the results of all simulation models and the results obtained through the semi-Markov model did not exceed 6%. The best-fit model was subjected to sensitivity analysis in terms of the dependence between functional readiness and technical suitability indices on vehicle operation intensity. As a result, the proposed simulation system based on Monte Carlo methods turned out to be a useful tool in analysing the current operation process of means of transport in terms of forecasts related to a current environment, as well as when attempting its extrapolation.

Initial clinical validation of a hybrid in silico-in vitro cardiorespiratory simulator for comprehensive testing of mechanical circulatory support systems.

Simulators are expected to assume a prominent role in the process of design—development and testing of cardiovascular medical devices. For this purpose, simulators should capture the complexity of human cardiorespiratory physiology in a realistic way. High fidelity simulations of pathophysiology do not only allow to test the medical device itself, but also to advance practically relevant monitoring and control features while the device acts under realistic conditions. We propose a physiologically controlled cardiorespiratory simulator developed in a mixed in silico-in vitro simulation environment. As inherent to this approach, most of the physiological model complexity is implemented in silico while the in vitro system acts as an interface to connect a medical device. As case scenarios, severe heart failure was modeled, at rest and at exercise and as medical device a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) was connected to the simulator. As initial validation, the simulator output was compared against clinical data from chronic heart failure patients supported by an LVAD, that underwent different levels of exercise tests with concomitant increase in LVAD speed. Simulations were conducted reproducing the same protocol as applied in patients, in terms of exercise intensity and related LVAD speed titration. Results show that the simulator allows to capture the principal parameters of the main adaptative cardiovascular and respiratory processes within the human body occurring from rest to exercise. The simulated functional interaction with the LVAD is comparable to the one clinically observed concerning ventricular unloading, cardiac output, and pump flow. Overall, the proposed simulation system offers a high fidelity in silico-in vitro representation of the human cardiorespiratory pathophysiology. It can be used as a test bench to comprehensively analyze the performance of physically connected medical devices simulating clinically realistic, critical scenarios, thus aiding in the future the development of physiologically responding, patient-adjustable medical devices. Further validation studies will be conducted to assess the performance of the simulator in other pathophysiological conditions.

Shipbuilding capacity optimization using shipbuilding demand forecasting model

The shipbuilding industry has been drastically affected by demand fluctuations. Currently, it faces intense global competition and a crisis because of an imbalance between supply and demand. This imbalance of supply and demand is caused by an excess of shipbuilding capacity. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development has considered adjusting the shipbuilding capacity to reduce the imbalance based on the demand forecast. On the other hand, demand forecast of shipbuilding is a complex issue because the demand is influenced indirectly by adjustments in shipbuilding capacity. Therefore, it is important to examine the influence of construction capacity adjustments on the future demand of ships based on demand forecasting for the sustainable growth of the shipbuilding industry. In this study, shipbuilding capacity adjustment is considered using a proposed simulation system based on a demand-forecasting model. Additionally, the system dynamics model of a previous study is improved by developing a ship price-prediction model for evaluating the shipbuilding capacity-adjustment scenario. We conduct simulations using the proposed demand-forecasting model and system to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed model and system. Furthermore, several shipbuilding capacity-adjustment scenarios are discussed using the proposed system.

A Time-Domain Simulation System of MICAP L-Band Radiometer for Pre-Launch RFI Processing Study

Microwave Imager Combined Active and Passive (MICAP), which is a package of active and passive microwave instruments including L/C/K-band radiometers and L-band scatterometer, has been approved to be taken onbord the Chinese Ocean Salinity Mission. The L-band one-dimensional synthetic aperture radiometer (L-Rad) is the key part of MICAP to measure sea surface salinity (SSS). Since radio frequency interference (RFI) is reported as a serious threat to L-band radiometry, the RFI detection and mitigation techniques must be carefully designed before launch. However, these techniques need to be developed based on the knowledge of how RFI affects complex correlation, visibility function, and reconstructed brightness temperature. This paper presents a time-domain signal modeling method for the simulation of interferometric measurement under RFI’s presences, and a simulation system for L-Rad is established accordingly. Several RFI cases are simulated with different RFI types, parameters, and positions; and the RFI characteristics upon L-Rad’s measurement are discussed. The proposed simulation system will be further dedicated to the design of RFI processing strategy onboard MICAP.

Virtual simulation of otolith movement for the diagnosis and treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a clinical condition. The existing diagnostic methods cannot determine the specific location of otolith on the short or long brachial sides. Thus, visual and quantitative evaluation of the existing clinical standard diagnostic modality Dix-Hallpike test is needed to improve medical efficiency. Our goal was to develop a real-time virtual simulation system to assess a BPPV treatment manipulation. In this study, we used the proposed simulation system to observe otolith movement during a posterior semicircular canal BPPV diagnostic test, and to analyze the diagnostic mechanisms and strategies. Through visual cluster analysis of otolith position and analysis of otolith movement time in the standard Dix-Hallpike test, we can find that the positions of otoliths are relatively scattered, especially on the z-axis (z 1=10.67±3.98), and the fall time of otoliths at different positions has relatively large changes (t 1=22.21±1.40). But in the modified experiment z 2=4.93±0.32 and t 2=26.21±0.28. The experimental results show that the simulation system could track the state and the movement of otolith in real-time, which is of great significance for understanding the diagnostic mechanisms of BPPV evaluations and improving the diagnostic method.

Toward Distributed Heterogeneous Simulation Using Internet of Things

Parallel discrete event simulation frameworks have been widely used to analyze the performance of traditional applications under different scenarios. The existing frameworks are designed to work on a cluster and cloud-based computing environments. With the current advances in the Internet of Things, there is a strong need to revamp such traditional frameworks and make use of the smart connected-devices as an underlying infrastructure to perform simulations. In this article, we propose a new simulation framework, which has been specifically designed to work with diverse heterogeneous devices. The framework allows these heterogeneous mobile devices to participate in a distributed simulation while managing network latency, using device profiles that are maintained by the simulation framework. Moreover, in the proposed framework, random and context-aware simulation task distributions have been explored to manage the devices’ sporadic connectivity. Evaluation results using the well-known PHOLD benchmark demonstrate a gain in the overall efficiency of the proposed simulation system.

Performance evaluation of flexible cross correlation (FCC) OCDMA code based on radio over fiber (RoF) simulation system

<span>This paper investigates the performance of an elegance code set algorithm known as Flexible Cross Correlation (FCC) code to be run into a simulation test of proposed RoF system. Executing OCDMA Code into RoF framework is seen as a promising technique for enhancing spectral efficiency and meanwhile enhanced the length of fiber optic cable and data bit rate execution while reduce the passive equipment device. This code can efficaciously reduce the results of phase-induced intensity noise (PIIN), it has the multiple access interference (MAI) cancellation belongs to RoF system and at the same time simple and easy within the code construction. Bit error rate (BER) performance is assessed for this proposed simulation system. The evaluation made based on the performance of fiber length, data bit rate, related with Bit Error Rate (BER) and also the complexity of the system. The extensive simulation results reveal FCC code possibly will accomplish sufficiently up to 51 km at BER 10-9 for data rate 155 Mbps as matched to 622 Mbps with exponentially increases at BER 10-12 error floor and it is fit for short haul networking such as FTTH and local area network (LAN).</span>

Exploration of FPGA‐based electromagnetic transient real‐time simulation system design using high‐level synthesis

Field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based simulation system is applied in real-time electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation for small time-step simulation. However, the FPGA-based simulation system requires handcrafted hardware description language (HDL) and significant design efforts. This paper explores FPGA-based EMT real-time simulation system design using high-level synthesis (HLS) technology to accelerate the design process and improve the flexibility, because high-level language can be transferred into HDL using HLS. Furthermore, loop unroll and pipeline optimisation directives are analysed and applied for HLS to improve the computation speed of the components. The system can simulate various components, including switches, R-L-C, voltage sources, current sources, and transmission lines. Especially, the system adopting double-precision floating-point calculation can support the network with 74 nodes and achieve 2 us for each small time step on Xilinx Virtex7-690 T FPGA. Comparison of simulation results from offline simulation tools with those from the proposed simulation system validates the correctness of the FPGA-based EMT simulation system using HLS technology.

An Integrated Cloud CAE Simulation System for Industrial Service Applications

The cloud-based computer-aided engineering (CAE) technology expands the application scope of CAE, solves the problem of uneven distribution, and improves the efficiency of the simulation resources. Consequently, various industries are turning to cloud CAE technology to design their products. However, to utilize this technology fully, we must overcome problems, such as impracticality, inability to handle complex analysis objects, poor data transmission, and compatibility, and poor industrial applicability. Based on the ASP.NET, VB.NET, and ANSYS Parametric Design Language, this paper establishes an integrated cloud CAE simulation system for industrial service applications. The system: 1) connects the dispatching manager through the network and 2) clusters the servers according to their load and usage before dispatch, thereby enabling users to access the ANSYS software remotely. The model can be built either by inputting the dimensions of the parametric model through the page or by uploading a three-dimensional computer-aided design (CAD) model that meets the format requirements. The material parameters and the boundary conditions also input through the page. Thus, clients can input their own parameters and analyze the server CAD. Finally, the CAE analysis results can be invoked by a page operation, saving meaningful results on the server to be accessed directly by users. The proposed simulation system serves the needs of users both quickly and efficiently. In the large-scale industrial application trials, enterprises responded favorably to the system. In particular, it properly solves the CAE analysis problems of small- and medium-sized machinery and equipment enterprises.

The methodology of simulation training of the skills

The technical aspects of endoscopic otosugery imply the necessity of the long-term intense preparation of the specialists. Mastering new endoscopic techniques constitute a serious challenge even for a physician having the many years' experience of work with the binocular microscope which dictates the necessity of introduction of the simulation technologies for the training in endoscopic operations. The results of the analysis of the relevant literature publications provided a basis for the development of the methodology for teaching the skills of endoscopic tympanoplasty (ET) based on the use of the simulation models. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We have undertaken the morphometric analysis of various structures of the sheep external and internal ears based on the results of investigations with the use of computed tomography (n=15). The consideration of the data obtained by this radiodiagnostic technique made it possible to determine the mean length and the horizontal diameter of the external auditory meatus, the horizontal size and the area of the tympanic membrane, and the slope angle of the tympanic membrane with respect to the external auditory meatus, the volume of the tympanic cavity, and the length and width of hypotympanum. The results of the analysis of the technical aspects of endoscopic surgery of the middle ear were used to propose the approach to the mastering of the skills necessary for the performance of endoscopic tympanoplasty using a sheep head as the learning aid. This approach comprises the detailed algorithm of all stages of the surgical intervention including the preparation of the working place for the surgeon, various aspects of space ergonomics in the training laboratory, and step-by-step operations on the sheep head with the description of all phases of the surgical intervention. RESULTS: The results of the present study allowed to recommend the simulation training for the mastering of ET skills with the use of the biological model in the form of the sheep's head. The specific technical peculiarities of endoscopic tympanoplasty have been adapted to the proposed simulation system. It is concluded that the system has all anatomical topographic and morphometric characteristics necessary for the development of the ET skills in the future specialists in endoscopic otosurgery.

Simulation design of an Intelligent system for Automotive transmission Gearbox Based on FPGA

In this paper, an artificial intelligent system has been designed, realized, and downloaded into FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), which is used to control five speed ratio steps ( 1,2,3,4,5) of an electrically controlled type of automotive transmission gearbox of a vehicle, the first speed ratio step (1) is characterized by the highest torque, a lowest velocity, while, the fifth step is characterized by the lowest torque, and highest velocity.The Back-propagation neural network has been used as the intelligent system for the proposed system. The proposed neural network is composed from  eight neurons in the input layer, five neurons in the hidden layer, and five neurons in the output layer. For real downloading into the FPGA, Satlins and Satlin linear activation function has been used for the hidden and output layers respectively. The training function Trainlm ( Levenberg-Marqurdt training) has been used as a learning method for the proposed neural network, which it has a powerful algorithm. The proposed simulation system has been designed and downloaded into the FPGA using MATLAB and ISE Design Suit software packages.

FiloGen: A Model-Based Generator of Synthetic 3-D Time-Lapse Sequences of Single Motile Cells With Growing and Branching Filopodia.

The existence of diverse image datasets accompanied by reference annotations is a crucial prerequisite for an objective benchmarking of bioimage analysis methods. Nevertheless, such a prerequisite is hard to satisfy for time lapse, multidimensional fluorescence microscopy image data, manual annotations of which are laborious and often impracticable. In this paper, we present a simulation system capable of generating 3-D time-lapse sequences of single motile cells with filopodial protrusions of user-controlled structural and temporal attributes, such as the number, thickness, length, level of branching, and lifetime of filopodia, accompanied by inherently generated reference annotations. The proposed simulation system involves three globally synchronized modules, each being responsible for a separate task: the evolution of filopodia on a molecular level, linear elastic deformation of the entire cell with filopodia, and the synthesis of realistic, time-coherent cell texture. Its flexibility is demonstrated by generating multiple synthetic 3-D time-lapse sequences of single lung cancer cells of two different phenotypes, qualitatively and quantitatively resembling their real counterparts acquired using a confocal fluorescence microscope.

Distributed and Real-time Integrated Simulation System on Avionics

In order to achieve iterative design in early R&D period, a Distributed and Real-time Integrated Simulation System for avionics based on a Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) method is proposed. The proposed simulation system includes driver, simulation model, monitor, flight visual model and aircraft external model. The effect of this simulation system in iterative design and system verification is testified by several use cases. The result shows that the simulation system, which can play an important role in iterative design and system verification, can reduce project costs and shorten the entire R&D period.

Support for spot virtual machine purchasing simulation

With the rapid progress of cloud computing technology, a growing number of big data application providers begin to deploy applications on virtual machines rented from infrastructure as a service providers. Current infrastructure as a service provider offers diverse purchasing options for the application providers. There are mainly three types of purchasing options: reserved virtual machine, on-demand virtual machine and spot virtual machine. The spot virtual machine is a specific type of virtual machine that employs a dynamic pricing model. Because can be stopped by the infrastructure as a service providers without notice, the spot virtual machine is suitable for large-scale divisible applications, such as big data analysis. Therefore, spot virtual machine is chosen by many big data application providers for its low rental cost per hour. When spot virtual machine is chosen, a major issue faced by the big data application providers is how to minimize the virtual machine rental cost while meet service requirements. Many optimal spot virtual machine purchasing approaches have been presented by the researchers. However, there is a shortage of simulators that enable researchers to evaluate their newly proposed spot virtual machine purchasing approach. To fill this gap, in this paper, we propose SpotCloudSim to support for dynamic virtual machine pricing model simulation. SpotCloudSim provides an extensible interface to help researchers implement new spot virtual machine purchasing approach. In addition, SpotCloudSim can also study the behavior of the newly proposed spot virtual machine purchasing approaches. We demonstrate the capabilities of SpotCloudSim by using three spot virtual machine purchasing approaches. The results indicate the benefits of our proposed simulation system.

A modular distributed simulation‐based architecture for intelligent transportation systems

SummarySimulations have been used extensively for evaluating scenarios, which are very difficult, costly or impractical to implement in real systems. Testing in a synthetic, realistic environment provides a means to determine the viability of solutions. Simulations have proved to be very useful in the verification of algorithms and protocols, offering tools for testing them in different situations. The simulation of vehicular area networks pose additional challenges as realistic mobility models are crucial and must be incorporated in scenario elements while applications and communication protocols are tested. Several simulators and simulation frameworks have been designed that aim to synthetically reproduce communication and mobility of vehicles as realistically as possible. The majority of such simulators merge pre‐existing networking and mobility simulators, which add issues regarding compatibility and realism. Such simulators present limited run‐time 3D visualization tools, essential for providing immersive environments. Therefore, in this paper, we propose real‐time simulation and 3D visualization for vehicular networks of realistic scenarios. This proposed simulation system generates output in real time, making use of 3D‐modelled real‐world maps and effectively generating visualization as elements are updated in the simulation. Experiments have been conducted with simulation and visualization components to evaluate delays and performance of the proposed simulator. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Design and implementation of virtual refueling simulation prototype system for CLEAR-I

The current refueling system of China Lead-based Research Reactor (CLEAR-I) is still in the developing stage and requires frequent changes of the refueling design scenarios. This paper presents a virtual simulation prototype which contributes to the complex refueling system for CLEAR-I. The proposed simulation system focuses on utilizing a desktop virtual environment to simulate the complex mechanical movement of triple crank connecting rod mechanism which consists of large rotating plug, small rotating plug and transfer machine. Main features of the proposed simulation system are: (1) automatic refueling scene modeling, (2) XML-based management for refueling scenario, (3) motion simulation and collision detection, (4) record and evaluation of refueling simulation process. The system architecture, features and capabilities of the developed virtual simulation prototype system were described. And the refueling simulation tests were carried out in order to meet the frequently updated engineering design for refueling scenarios of CLEAR-I.

Multiple-Body Collision Algorithms for Computational Simulation of High-Speed Air-Delivered Systems

AbstractCurrently, there exists a lack of confidence in the computational simulation of multiple body high-speed air delivered systems. Of particular interest is the ability to accurately predict the dispersion pattern of these systems under various deployment configurations. Classical engineering-level methods may not be able to predict these patterns with adequate confidence due primarily to accuracy errors attributable to reduced order modeling. In the current work, a new collision modeling capability has been developed to enable multiple-body proximate-flight simulation in the Loci/CHEM framework. This approach maintains high-fidelity aerodynamics and incorporates six degrees of freedom modeling with collision response, and is well-suited for simulation of a large number of projectiles. The proposed simulation system is intended to capture the strong interaction phase early in the projectile deployment, with subsequent transfer of projectile positions and flight states to the more economical engineering-level methods. Collisions between rigid bodies are modeled using an impulse-based approach with either an iterative propagation method or a simultaneous method. The latter is shown to be more accurate and robust for cases involving multiple simultaneous collisions as it eliminates the need to sort and resolve the collisions sequentially. The implementation of both the collision detection methodology and impact mechanics are described in detail with validation studies to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the developed technologies. The studies chronologically detail the findings for simulating simple impacts and collisions between multiple bodies with aerodynamic interference effects.

Design of prototype simulation system for driving performance of electromagnetic unmanned robot applied to automotive test

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a prototype simulation system for driving performance of an electromagnetic unmanned robot applied to automotive test (URAT) to solve that it is difficult and dangerous to online debug control program and to quickly obtain test vehicle dynamic performance. Design/methodology/approach – The driving performance of the electromagnetic URAT can be evaluated by the prototype simulation system. The system can simulate various driving conditions of test vehicles. An improved vehicle longitudinal dynamics model matching to the electromagnetic URAT is established. The proposed model has good real-time, and it is easy to implement. The displacement of throttle mechanical leg, brake mechanical leg, clutch mechanical leg and shift mechanical arm is used for the system input. Test vehicle speed and engine speed are used for the system output, and they are obtained by the computation of the established vehicle longitudinal dynamics model. Findings – Driving conditions simulation test and vehicle emission test are performed using a Ford Focus car. Simulation and experiment results show that the proposed prototype simulation system in the paper can simulate the driving conditions of actual vehicles, and the performance that electromagnetic URAT drives an actual vehicle is evaluated by the simulation system. Research limitations/implications – Future research will focus on improving the real time of the proposed simulation system. Practical implications – The autonomous driving performance of electromagnetic URAT can be evaluated by the proposed prototype simulation system. Originality/value – A prototype simulation system for driving performance of an electromagnetic URAT based on an improved vehicle longitudinal dynamics model is proposed in this paper, so that it can solve the difficulty and danger of online debugging control program, quickly obtaining the test vehicle performance.

FTCloudSim: support for cloud service reliability enhancement simulation

Recently, an increasing number of companies have begun to deploy their application services in the cloud. However, the cloud data centre downtime has negatively affected the quality of cloud service. Many researchers have studied the problem of cloud service reliability assurance. However, there is a shortage of tools that enable researchers to evaluate their newly proposed cloud service reliability enhancement mechanisms. To fill this gap, in this paper, we propose FTCloudSim as a reliable cloud data centre simulation system based on the basic functionalities of CloudSim. FTCloudSim provides an extensible interface to help researchers implement new cloud service reliability enhancement mechanisms. In addition, FTCloudSim can also study the behaviour of the newly proposed mechanisms. We demonstrate the capabilities of FTCloudSim by using five reliability enhancement mechanisms. The results indicate the benefits of our proposed simulation system.