Proportion Of Life Expectancy Research Articles

Hipertensão arterial entre idosos: comparação entre indicadores do Ceará, do Nordeste e do Brasil

Objetivo: Estimar a taxa de prevalência e o número de pessoas com hipertensão e a expectativa de vida livre e com hipertensão arterial da população idosa do estado do Ceará, da Região Nordeste e do Brasil, para o ano de 2008, e apresentar o cenário dos indicadores para o ano de 2020. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo quantitativo, elaborado a partir de dados populacionais da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios e das Projeções Populacionais disponibilizados pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Estima-se a prevalência e a população idosa com hipertensão, e utiliza-se o método de Sullivan para calcular a esperança de vida sem e com hipertensão. Resultados: Nos anos de 2008 e 2020, a prevalência de hipertensão entre idosos foi superior a 50% entre o sexo feminino e 40% entre o sexo masculino, assim como a proporção da expectativa de vida aos 60 anos a ser vivida com hipertensão, sendo observados valores mais elevados para o Brasil em comparação com o Nordeste e o Ceará. Nesse período, espera-se um aumento do número de idosos com hipertensão em mais de 40% no Brasil e ao redor de 30% no Nordeste e no Ceará. Conclusão: O ritmo do envelhecimento populacional contribui para o crescimento da população idosa com hipertensão. A prevalência e a expectativa de vida com hipertensão apresentam especificidades regionais. Regra geral, a prevalência de hipertensão é elevada entre os idosos, de modo que parte significativa da expectativa de vida aos 60 anos deverá ser vivida com o problema da hipertensão.

Depression and Anxiety-Free Life Expectancy by Sex and Urban-Rural Areas in Jiangxi, China in 2013 and 2018.

Objective: To quantitatively estimate life expectancy (LE) and depression and anxiety-free life expectancy (DAFLE) for the years 2013 and 2018 in Jiangxi Province, China, by sex and urban–rural areas. Additionally, to compare the discrepancy of DAFLE/LE of different sexes and urban-rural areas over various years. Methods: Based on the summary of the health statistics of Jiangxi Province in 2013 and 2018 and the results of the 5th and 6th National Health Service Surveys in Jiangxi Province, the model life table is used to estimate the age-specific mortality rate by sex and urban–rural areas. Sullivan’s method was used to calculate DAFLE. Results: Data from 2013 indicate that those aged 15 can expect to live 56.20 years without depression and anxiety for men and 59.67 years without depression and anxiety for women. Compared to 2013, DAFLE had not fluctuated significantly in 2018. The proportion of life expectancy without depression and anxiety (DAFLE/LE) declined between 2013 and 2018. DAFLE/LE in urban areas was higher than in rural areas. Men had higher DAFLE/LE than women. From 2013 to 2018, the DAFLE aged 15 decreased by 0.18 years for urban men and decreased by 0.52 years for urban women, rural areas also decreased to varying degrees. Conclusions: Even if women had a longer life span than men, they would spend more time with depression or anxiety. DAFLE did not increase with the increase in LE from 2013 to 2018, suggesting an absolute expansion of the burden, especially in rural areas. Depression and anxiety health services in Jiangxi, China will face more serious obstacles and challenges, which may lead to more disability. This requires more attention and more effective measures from the public, medical departments and the government.

Change in life expectancy with type 2 diabetes: a study using claims data from lower Saxony, Germany

BackgroundThis study estimates life expectancy with and without type 2 diabetes for individuals in Lower Saxony, Germany in order to detect a trend in population health.MethodsMorbidity and mortality data derived from German administrative claims data (statutory health insurance, AOK Niedersachsen, N = 2,900,065) were used covering 10 years from 2005 to 2014. Life table analysis was applied for calculating life expectancy, life expectancy free of type 2 diabetes, life expectancy with type 2 diabetes, and the proportion of life expectancy free of diabetes to total life expectancy using the Sullivan method.ResultsThe total life expectancy increase is stronger in men than in women: At the age of 20, total life expectancy was 55.0 years in 2005 and 56.3 years in 2014 for men, whereas it was 61.7 years in 2005 and 62.5 years in 2014 for women. Decreases in life expectancy without type 2 diabetes were more pronounced in women than in men. Accordingly, life expectancy with type 2 diabetes increased in both women and in men. The proportion of life expectancy without diabetes to total life expectancy decreased, indicating a similar development in both. For example, at the age of 60, the proportion of life expectancy without diabetes to total life expectancy decreased from 0.75 in 2005 to 0.66 in 2014 for men, while it decreased from 0.77 in 2005 to 0.70 in 2014 for women.ConclusionsAgainst the background of increasing total life expectancy, the time spent in morbidity increased for the case of type 2 diabetes in Lower Saxony, Germany.

Changes in the Prevalence of Mobility Limitations and Mobile Life Expectancy of Older Adults in Singapore, 1995-2005

To examine changes in the prevalence of mobility limitations and mobile life expectancy of Singaporeans aged 55+. Data came from the cross-sectional 1995 and 2005 National Survey of Senior Citizens (NSSC; n = 4,750 and n = 4,591, respectively). The prevalence-based Sullivan method was used to disaggregate total life expectancy into expected life time without and with mobility limitations. Increases in life expectancy in the city-state were accompanied by increases in the prevalence of mobility limitations-from 3.0% to 5.7% for men and 5.1% to 9.7% for women. The impairments mostly began after age 65 and increased with age particularly at ages 85+. The proportion of life expectancy without mobility limitations declined over time, at all ages, and for both genders, with women still experiencing a higher proportion with mobility problems compared to men. The overall results provided support for the expansion of morbidity hypothesis, and we discussed some possible reasons. From a policy perspective, the findings could suggest a need to develop infrastructures that would enable older Singaporeans to remain mobile in a highly urban setting.

Trends in Disability and Disability-Free Life Expectancy Among Elderly People in Spain: 1986-1999

This paper examines recent trends in the prevalence of disability and disability-free life expectancy in the population aged 65 years and older in Spain. Data were drawn from two National Disability, Impairment and Handicap Surveys conducted in 1986 and 1999. Only severe disability was studied, and disabilities overcome through use of external technical aids were included. In the period 1986--1999, a relative annual decline of 3.7% in overall disability was observed for men. The decline was somewhat less marked in women, participants aged 75 years and older, and those with the lowest educational level. In men, there was a relative annual decline of just over 3% in walking and hearing disabilities, of under 1% in seeing and cognitive disabilities, and a slight rise in self-care disability. Trends among women were similar, though self-care disability rose by 1.78%. In the period 1986--1999, total and disability-free life expectancy rose across all age groups in both sexes. Among men aged 65 years, the proportion of life expectancy with disability fell from 42.1% in 1986 to 21.6% in 1999; the comparable figures for women were 49.8% in 1986 and 30.6% in 1999. Indeed, a reduction in life expectancy with disability was observed even among persons aged 80 years and older. From 1986 through 1999, prevalence of severe disability among Spanish elderly persons decreased substantially, and the duration of life with disability was compressed between a later onset and the time of death. Among women, however, self-care disability--the type of disability requiring most social resources for its attention--underwent a sharp rise.