The paper discusses the effects of high intensity interval aerobic training on blood pressure, body composition, oxidative ability and muscle strength in strength-power athletes of different weight classes. Subjects of examination and physical rehabilitation were 55 hypertensive heavy-weight athletes of comparable age and clinical findings who were randomized into the main (n = 35) and control (n = 20) groups. The main group trained 120 days (3 sessions per a week) on a bicycle ergometer following a high intensity interval; the control group trained in parallel but following the traditional strength developing protocol. Before and on completion of the physical rehabilitation, the sportsmen were interviewed and underwent medical examination including a triple blood pressure measurement, bioimpedometry, ergospirometry, body index calculation, and the test for maximal voluntary strength of m. quadriceps femoris. The rehabilitation improved bioimpedometry parameters, reduced blood pressure noticeably (systolic BP by 4.7 % and diastolic BP by 5.6 %), increased oxygen consumption and quadriceps femoris strength. Investigations showed that the high intensity interval training has a medioprophylactic effect on the cardiovascular system. The authors developed an aerobic training protocol for safe and successful hypertension prophylaxis and therapy in athletes.