Properties Of Disperse Systems Research Articles

Study of centrifugal separation of milk whey and whey concentrates

The properties of dispersed systems in whey and whey concentrates, the features of the processes of their centrifugal separation and the main technological parameters of separation are considered. The properties of dispersed systems are defined through the concept of separability. The formation of a protein precipitation is of great importance in centrifugal separation processes. Technological schemes for separation depend on the origination of whey, the presence of fat and the necessity to isolate certain dispersed particles.

Formation of structure of disperse systems in non-equilibrium state under conditions of combination of two types of cavitation effects

The description of the existing method for producing invert syrup in stages in a large volume under the conditions of using one type of energy flow is given. The purpose of this work is to develop the principles of transition from macrostatic equilibrium to the development of each microstatic volume of liquid dispersed systems in the process of their production in a non-equilibrium state created by the combination of two types of cavitation effects: hydrodynamic and acoustic effects. The properties of dispersed systems are described and the object of research is invert syrup with the amount of dry 80% and reducing 79-80% substances. Invert syrup with 100% inversion of sucrose to glucose and fructose is widely used in the production of flour confectionery and a number of pastille and marmalade products. The principles of formation of aggregates from sucrose molecules at the stage of sugar dissolution, the formation of voids and the nucleation of gas phase bubbles are established. The conditions for creating a non-equilibrium state of syrup under the conditions of using two types of energy flows, by combining hydrodynamic and acoustic cavitation, are considered. The character of the transformation of the state of bubbles under conditions of changing the flow geometry of gas-liquid systems and the excitation of sound vibrations in them is shown. The mechanism of structure formation of a gas-liquid system under the influence of acoustic vibrations on the structure is described. The character of transformation of highly concentrated gas-liquid systems after the collapse of gas phase bubbles is shown, which was the determining factor in the formation of new types of materials. The practical output of this work was the creation of invert syrup with 100% fructose and glucose content in dry substances. Preparation of an emulsion for flour confectionery products and marmalade based on fresh fruits and vegetables. The effectiveness of combining two types of cavitation exposure opens up the prospect of creating new types of confectionery products with fundamentally new properties, while preserving native vitamins and nutrients.

Methods to prevent silken powder collapsing and clushing during storage

The article is devoted to the current problem of increasing the nutritional value and safety of flour confectionery products. The possibility of using white mulberry powder as a sugar substitute in the formulation of this type of product has been revealed. The analysis of the chemical composition of the powder has been carried out. It has been found to be prone to caking and clumping, making it difficult to dose. The expediency of using additives with a high content of dietary fiber (cellulose) as anti-caking agents has been substantiated. Particular attention is paid to the plant fibers "Sanacel Wheat 90" and "Vitazel", wheat bran and germ product. On the example of two-phase free-flowing systems, the possibility of controlling the structural and mechanical properties of dispersed systems has been proved. The ratio of the ingredients of the mixture was established, proposals for their use in the production of flour confectionery were developed.

Dielectric and spectroscopic study of nano-sized diamond dispersed ferroelectric liquid crystal

In the present work, a small concentration of nano-sized (d < 10 nm) diamond particles (NSDPs) were dispersed in the ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) and the dielectric and optical studies such as UV absorbance and photoluminescence (PL) spectra of pure FLC as well as FLC-NPs composite were performed. The polarizing optical micrographs (POM) show aggregation of NSDPs in the FLC-NPs composite system which also affects the alignment of the FLC slightly. We have found that the dispersion of NSDPs into the FLC material strongly influences the various properties of dispersed systems. Due to NSDPs dispersion, a rapid decrease in relative permittivity, dielectric loss and ac conductivity has been observed for FLC-NPs composite at lower frequencies. The absorbance and PL emission of FLC-NPs composite has been reduced and a blue shift in PL emission was detected. The possible applications of the composite system have also been suggested in this study.

Impact of silica nanoparticles dispersion on the dielectric and electro-optical properties and absorption spectra of host ferroelectric liquid crystal

ABSTRACTThe present work concerns with the investigation of the effect of dispersion of Silica (SiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) in host ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) KCFLC10S on the dielectric and electro-optical properties and ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption spectra of the pristine and dispersed systems. We have found that the dispersion of SiO2 NPs in the host FLC strongly influences the various properties of dispersed systems. No evidence of aggregates and clumps in the dispersed system has been observed. Due to SiO2 NPs dispersion, a rapid decrease in dielectric permittivity ε’, increase in conductivity σ with frequency, increase in spontaneous polarisation Ps and decrease in switching time with bias voltage have been observed. Based on the absorption spectra, we have also made an attempt to link the electro-optical and dielectric response with the mechanism of FLC–NPs interactions.

On the dispersion systems of graphene-like two-dimensional materials: From fundamental laws to engineering guidelines

Dispersion systems such as solutions, suspensions and composites are frequently studied in the field of graphene and two-dimensional materials. The rapid development of these materials demands comprehensive insight into their dispersion systems. Here we present an innovative and systematic investigation on the dispersion systems of graphene-like two-dimensional materials. It is found that different dispersion systems exhibit similar fundamental laws which can be described based on a Most Probable Percolation Threshold (MPPT) theory. Two-dimensional sheets contact with their neighboring ones at around their MPPT concentrations and thus lead to sudden changes in various properties of dispersion systems, such as liquid crystal behavior, viscosity, mechanical strength, electrical conductivity and thermal properties. Starting from the MPPT theory, six new strategic guidelines for the engineering of dispersion systems are established. Based on these studies, we find that, appropriate size, appropriate thickness, and appropriate concentration, are the keys to the success of 2dMs dispersion systems in practical applications, and the MPPT theory could tell where it is appropriate. These investigations provide new theories, methodologies and guidelines for the science, engineering and developments of graphene and two-dimensional materials.

Film squeezing process for generating oblate spheroidal particles with high yield and uniform sizes

Particle shape is one of the most important parameters that can influence the characteristics and properties of dispersion systems. In this study, we have developed a straightforward and facile method to generate oblate spheroidal particles via a film squeezing process. Representative methods so far developed to prepare oblate spheroidal particles, such as film blowing and mechanical stretching based on a biaxial process, have serious problems, including being difficult methods to adopt, very low yield, and non-uniform particle size. Our film squeezing process involves simply squeezing a sandwiched array comprised of an arbitrarily shaped film with embedded polymer spheres between two identical circular elastomeric sheets, on the basis that homogeneous deformation is possible in the mid-plane of simple squeeze flow. This method utilizes a unified uniaxial process for producing both prolate and oblate spheroidal particles. The advantages of the method are easier access, much higher yield, and more uniform sizes and shapes than previously reported methods. This process can be helpful for the fundamental studies utilizing oblate spheroidal particles with controlled geometries.

Квазигомогенное приближение для описания свойствдисперсных систем. Основные подходы к моделированию процессов отвержденияв дисперсных силикатных системах. Часть 4. Основные подходы к моделированию кинетики процессов золь-гель перехода

Квазигомогенное приближение для описания свойствдисперсных систем. Основные подходы к моделированию процессов отвержденияв дисперсных силикатных системах. Часть 4. Основные подходы к моделированию кинетики процессов золь-гель перехода

Основные подходы к моделированию процессов отверждения в нанодисперсных силикатных системах. Часть II. процессы отверждения с точки зрения статистической физики

Основные подходы к моделированию процессов отверждения в нанодисперсных силикатных системах. Часть II. процессы отверждения с точки зрения статистической физики

Квазигомогенное приближение для описания свойств дисперсных систем. Основные подходы к моделированию процессов отверждения в дисперсных силикатных системах. Часть I. Статистический полимерный метод

Квазигомогенное приближение для описания свойств дисперсных систем. Основные подходы к моделированию процессов отверждения в дисперсных силикатных системах. Часть I. Статистический полимерный метод

Analysis of the effect of preparation conditions for potassium polytitanates on their morphological properties

Results are provided for a study of the effect of preparation conditions on the structural properties of dispersed systems based on potassium polytitanates. It is established that on heating there are complex structural transformations within polytitanates, and the composition of modifying surface-active substances (SAS) has a specific effect on microstructure formation and the final morphology of polytitanate particles. Temperature regimes are determined making it possible with use of non-iogenic SAS to prepare nanostructured powder materials consisting of uniform fiber particles less than 10 nm thick, 30 – 50 nm wide, and 2 – 5 μm long.

Study of dispersed system properties by an electrokinetic sonic amplitude method. Part 2. Calculation of polymer adsorbed layer parameters

A new electrokinetic sonic amplitude method is used for studying the physicochemical properties of dispersed systems and features of the absorption of high-molecular compounds at the surface of particles in dispersed systems. Polymer adsorbed layer parameters are calculated, required for analyzing the structure of these layers.

Study of dispersed system properties by an electrokinetic sonic amplitude method. part 1

A new electrokinetic sonic amplitude method is used to demonstrate the possibility of studying the physicochemical properties of dispersed systems and features of the adsorption of high-molecular compounds at the surface of particles in dispersed systems. Procedures are developed for interpreting the results obtained by the new method for calculating the parameters of absorbed polymer layers and qualitative analysis of the structure of absorbed polymer layers.

Particle Technology: Design of Particulate Products and Dispersed Systems

AbstractThere are currently a number of subjects related to particle technology, i.e., to particle formation processes and the design of particulate products and disperse systems, that still require further investigation, including the characterization and experimental determination of various particle properties, the simulation and modeling of process operation involving dispersed products and, in particular, the relationship between product properties and the properties of dispersed systems and particles. This work discusses example methods for creating particles and presents a method for the indirect detection of the inner structure of dispersed systems.

Product engineering of dispersed systems

Product engineering is the design of products with desired properties using the methods of process engineering. To reduce the number of process parameters, necessary to obtain the desired properties, a characteristic feature of the respective product is helpful. For a dispersed system this characteristic feature is its complex structure on a micro-scale. This micro-structure is the link between the process and the properties of the final product. The principles of product engineering of dispersed systems are explained and demonstrated by means of different examples: Though there are limits to this concept, certain properties of dispersed systems can be obtained by determining and applying property and process functions.

18 P 04 Investigation of properties of dispersed systems by ultrasonic method

18 P 04 Investigation of properties of dispersed systems by ultrasonic method

Shrinkproofing Untreated Wool with Hercosett/Uvitex NFW/Hydrogen Peroxide Systems—Physicochemical Properties of These Systems

We have studied the physicochemical properties of dispersion systems made with a cationic Hercosett resin, the anionic optical brightener agent Uvitex NFW, and the oxidative agent hydrogen peroxide. We have also investigated the application of these systems to untreated knitted wool samples to obtain improved whiteness and shrink proofing properties, and the damage to the physicochemical properties of the keratin fibers.

Theoretical study of the static permittivity of conductive components binary mixtures

A general relation is derived, thus making possible calculations of the static permittivity of conductive components binary mixtures. This relation allows generalization of a result found already in some simple cases on the nonrelaxation condition. That relation is discussed within the framework of the Bergman general theory on the dielectric properties of dispersed systems, and is applied to the particular case where the two components have the same dc conductivity. The general equations of the field are exactly solved in that case.