Properties Of BaTiO3 Research Articles

Enhancement of radiation shielding properties in BaTiO3 added with Bi2O3 at the energy range of 356keV -1333keV

Abstract The investigation on the radiation shielding properties of BaTiO3-xBi2O3 with (x=0, 2, 4, 6, 8 %) ceramic samples has been discussed in this paper. This study targeted especially on the radiation shielding properties such as tenth value layer (TVL) and effective electron density (Neff) by including density of sample as one of the parameters. The prepared ceramic samples radiation shielding properties were quantified with help of radioactive sources Ba133, Na22, Cs137, and Co60 at the energies 356keV, 511keV, 1173keV, 1275keV and 1333keV. The obtained experimental values compared with theoretical values by using Phy-X/PSD software. Obtained results revealed that, attenuation abilities improved due to addition of Bi2O3 at different concentration to BaTiO3 causes the rise in density of ceramic samples from 5.483 to 5.498g/cm3. S1 sample has maximum TVL value found at 10.098cm and sample S4 noticed with lowest value 9.842cm at 1333keV. The maximum Neff value recorded as 2.72 at 1333keV for sample S4 which indicating promising radiation shielding abilities.

Enhancing pulse energy‐storage properties of BaTiO3‐based ceramics using novel glass additive

AbstractA novel glass additive of 10Bi2O3‒5Li2O‒7.5Na2O‒7.5K2O‒21Nb2O5‒20.5SiO2‒10.5BaO‒11SrO‒4.5Al2O3‒0.5La2O3‒2TiO2 was melted to improve the energy‐storage properties of (Ba0.94Li0.02La0.04)(Mg0.04Ti0.96)O3 (BLLMT) ceramics (BLLMT‒x wt% G), which overcomes the paradox between polarization and voltage endurance. The dielectric constant and resistance of BLLMT ceramics are improved by glass modification, while the grain size decreases. Consequently, excellent breakdown strength of 565.9 kV/cm is obtained, and the difference between maximum polarization and remnant polarization reaches up to 22.14 µC/cm2. Weibull distribution and finite element simulation prove that grain boundary density, grain size, resistance, and bandgap width have significant effects on the breakdown strength. Finally, outstanding energy‐storage density of 4.82 J/cm3 is obtained at x = 2, accompanied with an excellent pulse discharged energy density of 3.42 J/cm3, current density of 1226.12 A/cm2, and power density of 337.19 MW/cm3. Excellent temperature stability is gained with the variation of the pulse discharged energy density less than 10% at 20°C‒140°C. The outstanding pulse energy‐storage parameters are related to phase structure, small grain size, high grain boundary density, formation of liquid phase, increased ceramic resistance, and destroyed long‐range ordered ferroelectrics. This work provides a novel idea for fabricating glass to obtain excellent energy‐storage performance and promotes practical application of BaTiO3 ceramics.

Morphological, and Optical Properties of BaTiO3 Nano Particles

Barium titanate (BaTiO3) nano particles have garnered significant attention due to their unique structural, morphological and optical properties, which hold promise for various technological applications. This study presents a comprehensive investigation in to the synthesis potential of BaTiO3 nano particle. The synthesis of BaTiO3 nano particles was achived through various methods, including sol-gel, hydrothermal, and solvothermal routes, with meticulous control over parameters such as temperature, pH, and precursor concentration to tailor the nano particle size and morphology. The structural characterization using techniques such as x-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the formation of pure –phase BaTiO3nanoparticles with crystallite sizes in the nanometer range, exhibiting a perovskite strucure. Morphological analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) elucidated the morphology, size distribution, and surface chacteristics of the nano particles. The results showcased well –defined, uniform nano particles with controllable sizes and shapes, ranging from spherical to cubic, depending onthe synthesis conditions. futher more, the optical properties ofBaTiO3 nanoparticles were investigated using UV-visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The UV- visible spectra exhibited characteristic absorption peaks corresponding to the electronic transitions within the band structure of BaTio3,while photoluminescence spectra revealed emission peaks indicative of defect states with in the nanoparticle. These optical properties were found to be tunable by varying the nano particle size, morphology, and surface characteristics, offering opportunities for optoelectronic and photonic device applications. The key findings of this study underscore the importance of understanding the interplay between synthesis parameters and resulting structural, morphological, and optical properties of BaTiO3 nanoparticles.

Pressure Coupled Lanthanide Ion Doping to Enhance Optical Properties in BaTiO3.

Self-trapped excitons (STEs) typically give broadband photoluminescence emission with a large Stokes shift, which is important for the enhancement of the optical properties of materials. Here, low-dimensional La-doped BaTiO3 nanocrystals with defects are prepared using supercritical CO2 (SC CO2). The generation of the STEs is facilitated by doping La3+ ions and introducing CO2 pressure, which effectively enhance the luminescence intensity of BaTiO3. This discovery shows that the La ion doping concentration can modulate the photoluminescence of BaTiO3 nanocrystals under pressure. This work deepens the understanding of the influence of rare-earth-doped luminescent materials under pressure and provides insight to improve the capabilities of optical devices.

Structural, dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of La and Fe substituted barium titanate ceramics

ABSTRACT The effect of simultaneous substitution of La3+ and Fe3+ ions on structural, dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of BaTiO3 was studied. Polycrystalline ceramic samples with composition Ba1-x La x Ti1-x Fe x O3 with x = 0, 0.005, 0.015 and 0.020 were prepared by the solid-state route and sintered at 1325°C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the single phase with tetragonal perovskite structure in all the prepared ceramics. Dielectric constant ‘ϵ’ and tangent loss ‘tanδ’ was measured as a function of temperature (25–200°C). The value of ϵ increases with an increase in La and Fe contents. A very small value of tanδ (<4%) was observed. The temperature coefficient of capacitance ‘T cc’ was found to be around 10% for all the samples. PE hysteresis loops were recorded at room temperature for all samples. The maximum value of ϵ and piezoelectric coefficient ‘d 33’ was found to be 3735 (at 30°C, 100 kHz) and 140pC/N, respectively for x = 0.020.

Particulate multiferroic Ba0.99Tb0.02Ti0.99O3 – CoFe1.8Mn0.2O4 composites: Improved dielectric, ferroelectric and magneto-dielectric properties

In present era, the challenge to design materials which unify multiple order parameters has motived the scientific community to work for multiferroic materials. In this work, the multiferroic particulate composites were fabricated from terbium doped BaTiO3 and manganese doped CoFe2O4. Terbium and manganese dopants improved dielectric and magnetic properties in BaTiO3 and CoFe2O4 respectively. Structural study revealed that doped BaTiO3 and CoFe2O4 crystalized into tetragonal and cubic structures, respectively in composites. In multiferroic composites, a dramatic drop in the unit cell volume of magnetic phase resulted in enhanced strain. The improvement in dielectric constant in composites is explained on the basis of bond and hopping lengths. The Curie Weiss Law ascertained that the dielectric peaks are widened. The calculated activation energy from resistivity measurements revealed insulating behavior of composites. The amphoteric nature of terbium and high resistivity of magnetic phase resulted in ferroelectric hysteresis loops which are free from leakage currents. The magneto-crystalline anisotropy was calculated by the Law of Approach to saturation, and was found to be small in composites, due to quenching of orbital angular momenta of the Co2+ ions by the non-magnetic ferroelectric phase. Temperature dependent magnetic study revealed increase in magnetization during zero field cooling as compared to field cooling, confirming magnetization of one sub lattice decreases at slower rate as compared to another sub lattice. The terbium and manganese doping improved the magneto-capacitance of prepared composites, suggesting the use of these composites in magnetoelectric devices.

Effect of bismuth ions on the photoluminescence properties of BaTiO3:Dy3+ perovskite phosphors for LEDs application

Effect of bismuth ions on the photoluminescence properties of BaTiO3:Dy3+ perovskite phosphors for LEDs application

Charge transfer enhancement between the Pt electrode and the ferroelectric BaTiO3 phase sensors

BaTiO3 is a ferroelectric sensor in the piezoelectric transforming conditions. In this study, we focused on the electron transport characteristics in the interface between the Pt and the BaTiO3, which enhanced the conductive properties of BaTiO3. This approach will be more helpful to transfer the piezoelectric signal and may offer some new suggestion of the conductive behavior of the BaTiO3 molecular.

First‐principle study of the properties in BaTiO3 and the electronic structure of H2O adsorption on BaTiO3

AbstractThe properties of BaTiO3 and the electronic structure of H2O adsorption on BaTiO3 were investigated by using first principle calculations based on density functional theory. The calculated results show that the orbital hybridization between Ti and O is stronger than that between Ba and O. With the increase of energy, reflex points in the form of random fluctuation and the anisotropy of crystal clear. Enthalpy and heat capacity varies with temperature rise, while free energy fall. H bonds are formed between the hydrogen of water and the surface oxygen of BaTiO3 and between the hydrogen of hydroxyl and the surface oxygen of BaTiO3. The adsorption process of BaTiO3 adsorbing H2O is a physical process and ΔH &lt; 0, ΔS &lt; 0.

Comparison of Epitaxial and Textured Ferroelectric BaTiO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; Thin Films

The properties of BaTiO3 (BTO) thin films deposited on different substrates by RF magnetron sputtering were investigated. Two representative substrates were selected and different heterostructures were studied. 1) SrTiO3 (STO) single crystals as a bulk oxide reference material, and 2) silicon as a semiconductor. SrRuO3 (SRO) and Pt bottom electrodes were deposited on the silicon substrate. The BTO structural characterizations show that all the films have (001) crystallographic orientation. We have compared the electrical properties of the different samples: the same dielectric constant and polarization values were obtained independently of the nature of the substrate.

Room temperature phase superposition as origin of enhanced functional properties in BaTiO3 - based ceramics

BaSnxTi1-xO3 (x = 0, 0.05) ceramics with orthorhombic/tetragonal phases at room temperature were comparatively investigated to understand the role of phase composition on their functional properties. With respect to the values of BaTiO3, the switching polarization, permittivity peak, tunability and piezoelectric coefficients are enhanced by doping with 5 % Sn onto Ti4+ sites. The orthorhombic polymorph amount is larger in the doped ceramic and explains its higher switching polarization. High field poling favors the orthorhombic phase in both compositions; this polymorph becomes predominant in the BaSn0.05Ti0.95O3 ceramic. Landau-based calculations developed for ceramics with randomly oriented grains predicted the stability of variable amounts of orthorhombic/tetragonal phases around room temperature and explain the field-induced predominant orthorhombic state, mostly in BaSn0.05Ti0.95O3. Due to the twelve allowed spontaneous polarization directions, the orthorhombic state is responsible for the enhanced polarization, tunability and piezoelectric properties with respect to the tetragonal state with six polarization possible orientations.

Enhanced dielectric and multiferroic properties in BaTiO3 doped Bi0.85Nd0.15Fe0.98Mn0.02O3 ceramics

The multiferroic ceramics of (1-x) Bi0.85Nd0.15Fe0.98Mn0.02O3-x BaTiO3 (x = 0, 0.275, 0.3 and 0.325) were prepared by the conventional solid phase reaction. The crystal structure, microstructure, dielectric, ferroelectric and magnetic properties were systematically investigated. The X-ray diffraction pattern indicates that the structure of Bi0.85Nd0.15Fe0.98Mn0.02O3 is rhombohedral and the space group is R3c. Rietveld refinement shows that with the introduction of BaTiO3, the crystal structure of the material transformed from rhombohedral (R3c) to pseudo-cubic (P4mm). Scanning electron microscopy analysis shows that the average grain size decreases with the introduction of BaTiO3. Temperature dependence of the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss indicate that the introduction of BaTiO3 leads to ferroelectric relaxation. The dielectric constant and the dielectric loss are improved in sync. The leakage current density is reduced by about two orders of magnitude under the electric field of 15 kV/cm. The ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism are greatly improved after the addition of BaTiO3 seen from the polarization hysteresis (P-E) loops and the magnetization hysteresis (M-H) loops.

Study of structural and dielectric properties of Nickel-doped BaTiO3 material

&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;In this work, the effect of nickel (Ni) insertion on the structural and dielectric properties of BaTiO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; material was investigated. A series of powders of composition &lt;span&gt;Ba&lt;sub&gt;1-x&lt;/sub&gt;Ni&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;TiO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.20) were synthesized by solid method. The analysis by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) shows that the obtained compounds crystallize in a phase of perovskite type. All the peaks are indexed in a phase of quadratic symmetry. Characterization by the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) indicates a heterogeneous microstructure of the grains. &lt;span&gt;The study by spectroscopy of impedance in&lt;/span&gt; the frequency range [500Hz-1MHz] &lt;span&gt;highlighted the effect of the nickel insertion on &lt;/span&gt;the transition temperature and the dielectric constant value.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Synthesis and characterization of BaTiO3/\u03b1-Fe2O3 core/shell structure

Multiferroic materials attracted a lot of attention in recent years because of their significant scientific interest and technological applications. The multiferroic core/shell powders have a better connectivity between the phases, resulting in superior dielectric and magneto electric properties. In this study, the influence of preparation condition on structure and properties of BaTiO3/α-Fe2O3 core/shell composite materials was examined. The five samples were obtained by varying synthesis conditions, such as synthesized method (co-precipitation and sonochemical method) and pH values of solution. XRD and Raman spectroscopy analyses were performed in order to determine phase composition and structural changes within samples. Morphology modifications were examined by SEM and EDS analyses. Finally, effect of structural and microstructural changes on magnetic and electrical properties was detected and explained.

Significantly Enhanced Ferroelectric and Dielectric Properties in BaTiO &lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;/LaNiO &lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; Superlattices

BaTiO3/LaNiO3 (BTO/LNO) ferroelectric superlattices with different stacking periods have been prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Compared to the pure BTO films, the BTO/LNO superlattices have significantly enhanced ferroelectric and dielectric properties. This is because, in addition to the strain effect, the accumulated oxygen vacancies in each ultra-thin LNO layer can change the depolarization field and reduce the leakage current in the superlattices. Therefore, these results indicate that the use of ultra-thin metallic oxide layers as the constituent material of the ferroelectric superlattices is a feasible and effective way to improve the properties of superlattices.

Developmental Prospects of the Methods for Synthesizing Titanates of the Perovskite-Type Structure and Their Doping with Rare-Earth Elements

A review of methods for fabricating titanates of a perovskite-type structure and their doping with rare-earth elements is presented. The results of the scientific research of authors from different countries related to the study of the effect of doping titanates of the perovskite structure by rare-earth elements on their electromagnetic properties are discussed. The content of the work also includes information on the use of titanates of the perovskite-type structure in various industries. A comparative analysis of some morphological properties (particle size and structure) and electromagnetic characteristics (dielectric constant, Curie temperature, and modulus of longitudinal oscillations (d33)) of powders fabricated (and doped) by different methods is carried out by the example of barium titanate (BaTiO3). Procedures for fabricating BaTiO3 by various methods, such as solvothermal, hydrothermal, sol–gel, chemical deposition, and solid-phase sintering, are described. The results of studying the influence of the variation in process parameters (temperature, pH, composition of the initial mixture of materials, and concentration of reagents) on the phase, morphology, and formation rate of BaTiO3 particles during the hydrothermal synthesis (with the use of BaCl2, TiCl4, and NaOH as initial materials) are presented. The experiments on studying the influence of the microwave-radiation power during the solid-phase sintering of BaCO3 and TiO2 on dielectric and ferroelectric properties of BaTiO3 are also presented. An analysis of fabrication methods of BaTiO3 and its doping by rare-earth elements results in the statement that the hydrothermal method and solid-phase sintering, including the application of the microwave radiation, are currently the most promising fabrication technologies of materials with the perovskite-type structure with specified properties.

Optical properties of BaTiO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and its volume effects

BaTiO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; (BTO) is a typical studying object both in ferroelectrics and in material science. By the GW method, optical property of BTO is investigated, and its volume effect under the case of iso-strain is also studied. It is found that the results of excited states are closer to the experimental results with the consideration of electron-hole interaction in the framework of GW method. Considering the volume effect, we obtain that the red shift of the peaks of optical absorption occurs under the expansion of volume, and the blue shift appears when the BTO is compressed. At the same time, the polarization and the hybridization between d orbital of Ti atom and p orbital of O atom are enhanced for the case of volume expansion, however, things will be opposite under the compression of volume. Furthermore, the volume effect in the iso-strain case is less dramatic than in the iso-stress case.

Stress dependence of structure, electronic and optical properties of BaTiO3 from WC, VdW-DF-C09 and HSE functional calculations

The optimization of a BaTiO3 crystal unit cell was realized with the WC and VdW-DF-C09 exchange-correlation functional, under different hydrostatic pressures from –10 to 10 GPa with step size of 5 GPa. As part of the results, changes in the crystal lattice parameters and volume are presented and discussed, as well as changes in the different Ba-O and Ti-O bond lengths. Self-consistent calculations (SCF) were performed using HSE functional in order to obtain electronic band structure, density of state (DOS) and optical properties. Löwdin charge analysis, related to charge transfer of Ba, Ti, and O, shows the details of the atomic bonds as function of the hydrostatic stress, including the contribution of empty orbits such as the 6p, 5d and 4f from Ba atoms, 3d and 4f from Ti atoms and 3d and 4f from O atoms. Finally, the imaginary part of the complex dielectric function, in the energy range from 0 to 15eV, is presented and discussed.

The defect and dielectric properties of Nb and Mn co-doping BaTiO3 ceramics

abstractThe effect of Nb and Mn as dopants on the dielectric properties of BaTiO3 based ceramics was investigated. When the content of Nb <1.0% mol (Mn =1.6% mol), a diffuse phase transition (DFT) character appeared, and a normal-like ferroelectrics character was observed as the content of Nb is 1.0% mol. When the content of Nb increases up to 1.1% mol, it showed a dielectric relaxation. The binding energy for different defect associations [] and [] calculated using computer simulation techniques and the dielectric properties related to polar nanoregions (PNRs) were discussed.

Electric polarization properties of BaTiO3-BiFeO3 as nanomultiferroic material produced by sol-gel method

The nanomultiferroic material which is synthesized in this research used sol-gel method. The research used weight ratio of BaTiO3: BiFeO3 of 2: 1. Gel formed after heating at 80-90°C was calcined at 350°C for 4 hours and then sintered at 700,750 and 800°C for 2, 4 and 6 hours respectively. Powder produced after sintering was characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) test using XRD Phillips PW 1835 type, 20°-100° diffraction angle and CuKα, electric polarization properties test and particle size measurement using Particle Size Analyzer of Beckman Coulter DelsaTM Nano instrument. From the characterization results, it is obtained that the dominant phase is Barium Bismuth Iron (III) Oxide (BaBiFe2O5). Electrical polarization properties such as remanent, coersivity and saturation reach maximum value at sinter temperature of 750° C and sinter time of 6 hours. This result is supported by the smallest particle size of powder (54-57 nm) and also supported by the largest number of dominant phase (98.79%) at same condition.