Properties Of Arteries In Patients Research Articles

Structural and functional properties of arteries in patients who have suffered acute myocardial infarction

Structural and functional properties of arteries in patients who have suffered acute myocardial infarction

Dynamics of indicators of central hemodynamics and arterial wall rigidity during the background of combination therapy with amlodipine/ valsartan in patients with arterial hypertension

Abstract Aim Assess the impact of antihypertensive therapy of the double fixed combination of amlodipine/valsartan on the parameters of central hemodynamics and elastic properties of arteries in patients with arterial hypertension. Materials and methods During the 3-month follow-up period, 30 patients with arterial hypertension were examined at our cardiology center. Women - 53.3%, men - 46.7%. The average age of the respondents was 54.7±11.3 years. The average duration of AH was 9.5±7.1 years. Patients with previously uncontrolled hypertension were prescribed combination therapy with the inclusion of amlodipine/valsartan, if necessary, the dose was titrated every 2 weeks. All patients initially and 3 months later underwent applanation tonometry using the SphygmoCor device. Central systolic blood pressure (cSBP), central diastolic blood pressure (cDBP), central pulse pressure (cPP), aortic augmentation (AA), augmentation index (AIx), pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured, resulting in a conclusion about the state of arterial stiffness . Results are presented as M±SD. Results An analysis of the dynamics of central hemodynamic parameters and vascular stiffness during 3-month combination therapy with amlodipine/valsartan showed a significant decrease in such indicators as cSBP, cDAP, CPD, AA, as well as pulse wave velocity. Thus, the cSBP index initially amounted to 155.2±22.6 mm Hg. and in dynamics - 131.6±18.3 mm Hg. (p<0.001); the cDAP index was 84.2±12.7 mm Hg. vs. 78.4±8.2 mm Hg respectively (p<0.02); the CPP index was 71.0±19.8 mm Hg. vs. 53.2±18.1 mm Hg. respectively (p<0.001); the AA index was 18.3±16.5 mm Hg. vs. 11.9±6.3 mm Hg. respectively (p<0.02); PWV was 9.9±2.7 m/s versus 8.2±2.7 m/s, respectively (p<0.001). Conclusions According to the results of 3-month combination therapy, indicators of central hemodynamics and the state of elastic properties of arteries are significantly improved, which is potentially associated with a decrease in the risk of developing cardiovascular complications in patients with hypertension.

Structural and functional properties of arteries in COVID-19 survivors

Aim. The study of the structural and functional properties of arteries in patients after a coronavirus disease 2019.Material and methods. The study included 113 people: 45 people who were examined before the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, healthy individuals who had COVID-19 (n=44), 24 patients with hypertension (HTN) in combination with prior COVID-19. In the individuals included in the study, the blood tests were performed, while the carotid arteries were evaluated using high-RF signal technology, applanation tonometry, volume sphygmography, and a test with post-occlusive reactive hyperemia were performed.Results. According to the study of carotid arteries, significant differences were registered between groups of healthy individuals (with and without a history of COVID-19) and HTN patients after COVID-19. According to the applanation tonometry in patients with hypertension and COVID-19 in history, aortic pressure and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity significantly exceeded those in cohorts of individuals without cardiovascular diseases. According to the results of volume sphygmography in the group of patients after COVID-19, signs of early vascular aging were revealed, and the maximum values of these indicators were recorded in the group of hypertensive patients.Conclusion. The results obtained in the course of this study make it possible to state an increase in the arterial stiffness in people after COVID-19, which can be regarded as a sign of early vascular aging.

Blood lipid spectrum and elastic properties of arteries in patients with chronic pancreatitis in combination with arterial hypertension

110 patients aged 45-65 years with chronic pancreatitis were examined. The first group consisted of patients with a combined course of chronic pancreatitis with arterial hypertension; the second group - patients with chronic pancreatitis without concomitant hypertension. All patients were examined for total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Arterial stiffness was determined by the pulse wave velocity. It was found that patients of the 1st group had significantly higher levels of triglycerides (37.2%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (13%), total cholesterol (25%), atherogenic ratio (19.6%) and significantly lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (15.4%). Correlations between age and the level of atherogenic ratio, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were established – r=0.35; p<0.01; r=0.37; p<0.01, respectively. The duration of chronic pancreatitis positively correlated with the level of triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol – r=0.43; p<0.01; r=0.34; p<0.01, respectively. The level of brachial artery augmentation index was significantly lower by 43% in patients with chronic pancreatitis in combination with arterial hypertension, while the aortic augmentation index was significantly higher by 37.6% (p<0.01). It was found that patients of the 1st group had a significantly higher pulse wave velocity in the carotid-femoral segment compared to the 2nd group – by 7.5% (p<0.01). Significant correlations have been established between the brachial artery augmentation index and age, total cholesterol, atherogenic ratio, high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, cardiovascular risk level by the SCORE scale in patients with a combined course of chronic pancreatitis with arterial hypertension. Conclusions. Patients with the combination of chronic pancreatitis and hypertension had significantly higher levels of triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol. Changes in the elastic properties of arteries in patients with chronic pancreatitis with comorbid hypertension were characterized by an increase in the augmentation index and the pulse wave velocity in the carotid-femoral segment.

Вплив гіперурикемії на пружно-еластичні властивості артерій у пацієнтів з артеріальною гіпертензією

Актуальність. Підвищення рівня сечової кислоти (СК) є вкрай поширеним станом як у популяції в цілому, так і серед кардіологічних хворих зокрема, воно дуже негативно впливає на прогноз. Однак у нашій країні вивченню цього питання приділяють недостатньо уваги. Матеріали та методи. Обстежені 110 осіб, серед яких було 68 пацієнтів з артеріальною гіпертензією (АГ) та 42 особи із нормальним рівнем артеріального тиску (АТ). Пацієнтам було проведено такі дослідження: вимірювання зросту та маси тіла, індексу маси тіла, вимірювання офісних систолічного (САТ), діастолічного (ДАТ) артеріального тиску та частоти серцевих скорочень, добове моніторування АТ, неінвазивне визначення центрального САТ та швидкості поширення пульсової хвилі по артеріях еластичного та м’язового типів (ШППХе та ШППХм), біохімічне дослідження крові з визначенням рівнів сечової кислоти, глюкози, загального холестерину, тригліцеридів, холестерину ліпопротеїнів високої та низької щільності сироватки крові, ехокардіографію та ультразвукове обстеження сонних артерій. Статистичну обробку результатів проводили з використанням програмного забезпечення IBM Statistics SPSS 21. Результати. Пацієнти з АГ та особи групи контролю були порівнянні за віком. Першим етапом аналізу була оцінка поширеності гіперурикемії в обстежених осіб. У 55 % пацієнтів із АГ спостерігалося підвищення рівня СК. Тільки 17 % пацієнтів із нормальним рівнем АТ мали підвищений рівень СК. Групу пацієнтів із АГ було поділено на 2 підгрупи: перша підгрупа — із підвищеним рівнем сечової кислоти, друга — з нормальним її рівнем. В обох підгрупах пацієнти були одного віку та переважно з надмірною вагою тіла або ожирінням, чоловіків було більше в обох підгрупах. За основними клініко-демографічними характеристиками пацієнти не відрізнялися між собою. У підгрупі хворих з АГ та гіперурикемією ШППХе була достовірно вищою на 1,6 м/с (р = 0,044), ніж у підгрупі хворих із АГ та нормоурикемією. При цьому величина ШППХм була однаковою в обох підгрупах. Спостерігалася достовірна кореляція рівня СК із наявністю в анамнезі транзиторної ішемічної атаки або інсульту, ретинопатії, аритмії, а також із середньодобовими САТ і ДАТ. Також було продемонстровано достовірну кореляцію із центральним артеріальним тиском (R = 0,293; P = 0,007), часом викиду (R = 0,49; P < 0,001), субендокардіальним індексом життєздатності міокарда (R = 0,47; P < 0,001), тиском аугментації (R = 0,53; P < 0,001) та стандартизованим індексом аугментації (R = 0,24; P = 0,016), а також ШППХе (R = 0,47; P < 0,001). Достовірний взаємозв’язок рівня СК спостерігався з низкою ехокардіографічних та біохімічних параметрів. Висновки. Підвищений рівень сечової кислоти зустрічається в 55 % пацієнтів з АГ та 17 % пацієнтів зрілого віку без підвищення АТ. У пацієнтів з АГ та гіперурикемією швидкість поширення пульсової хвилі по артеріях еластичного типу була достовірно вищою, ніж у пацієнтів із АГ та нормальним рівнем сечової кислоти. Спостерігалася асоціація концентрації сечової кислоти в плазмі крові із жорсткістю артерій та показниками центрального артеріального тиску та індексу аугментації.

Myocardial remodeling and arterial stiffness depending on aldosterone level in patients with chronic kidney disease and arterial hypertension

The aim. To analyze the relationship between serum aldosterone levels and myocardial remodeling and changes in elastic properties of arteries in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypertension (AH).Materials and methods. A cross-secitonal study of 44 patients (14 men and 30 women, aged 56.0 [52.0; 60.5] years) with CKD and AH who were treated with angiotensine-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensine receptor blockers at a stable dose for at least of 3 months was performed. Serum aldosterone levels, elastic properties of the arteries, and transthoracic echocardiography using a standard method were performed. Arterial stiffness was defined as a pulse wave velocity, which was calculated using equation proposed by Arterial Stiffness Society and was measured using a device BAT41-2.Results. In 8 patients (18.2 %) we detected serum aldosterone levels above 90 pg/ml. The proportion of female patients among patients with normal aldosterone levels was significantly higher (P = 0.03). Patients with elevated aldosterone levels had a 5-year higher median age and 10 ml/min lower glomerular filtration rate. Serum aldosterone levels correlated significantly with myocardial structural and functional parameters (left ventricle (LV) end-systolic and end-diastolic dimensions and volumes, LV myocardial mass and LV mass index, thickness of interventricular septum) in men and patients over 55 years of age. Women showed a weak correlation of aldosterone levels with systolic and diastolic blood pressure.Conclusions. An association was found between serum aldosterone levels above 90 pg/ml in patients with CKD and hypertension with dilatation of left ventricular and atrial cavities, and with left ventricular hypertrophy (by LV mass and mass index). This association was stronger for males and for patients aged >55 years. A correlation between aldosterone level and arterial stiffness (augmentation index on the brachial artery and aorta) has only been found in patients over 55 years of age.

Structural and functional properties of the major arteries in patients with coronary heart disease and healthy subjects

Structural and functional properties of the major arteries in patients with coronary heart disease and healthy subjects

Tu-P9:364 Elastic properties of large arteries in patients with migraine

Tu-P9:364 Elastic properties of large arteries in patients with migraine

Contribution of collagen, elastin, and smooth muscle to in vivo human brachial artery wall stress and elastic modulus.

The contributions of collagen, elastin, and smooth muscle to arterial mechanical properties in the in vivo human artery are not known. We used a recently developed intravascular ultrasound technique to measure total brachial artery wall stress and incremental elastic modulus (Einc) in seven normal human subjects at baseline and after intra-arterial norepinephrine (1.2 micrograms) and nitroglycerin (100 micrograms). Then we applied a modified Maxwell model to estimate the elastic modulus of elastin (EE); the recruitment of collagen fibers supporting wall stress; and the differential contributions of collagen, elastin, and smooth muscle to wall stress and Einc over a wide range of pressure and smooth muscle tone. With this model, EE was 3 x 10(6) dynes/cm2. Collagen fibers were recruited increasingly as transmural arterial pressure increased and reached a value of approximately 5% to 6% at 100 mm Hg under each of the conditions studied. Isobaric smooth muscle contraction resulted in a small decrease in total wall stress and no significant change in total Einc while shifting the predominant element contributing to these mechanical parameters from collagen in parallel with the smooth muscle to collagen in series with the smooth muscle. In contrast, isometric smooth muscle contraction produced large increases in total wall stress (from 0.11 x 10(6) dynes/cm2 after nitroglycerin administration to 1.35 x 10(6) dynes/cm2 after norepinephrine administration) and Einc (from 3.84 x 10(6) dynes/cm2 after nitroglycerin administration to 57.8 x 10(6) dynes/cm2 after norepinephrine administration) entirely as a result of the additional contribution of the smooth muscle and its associated series collagen. This study describes a technique for determining arterial elastic properties and a model that can be used to estimate a number of mechanical parameters of the human brachial artery in vivo. This technique may be useful in studies of the arterial elastic properties of arteries in patients with vascular pathology.