Proper Subject Research Articles

Paradise Lost in Derrida and Agamben: onto-theology of animal life

ABSTRACT In this essay, I explore the philosophical resonance of the theological notion of Paradise in the works of Giorgio Agamben and Jacques Derrida through the question of the Paradisiacal belonging of animal life. What is the significance of Paradise for these authors? This essay undertakes the search for the meaning of Paradise by way of these thinkers’ assessment of animal or creaturely life. I argue that their differing attitudes towards the life of the animal or creature expose a fundamental discord concerning exactly this issue: the significance of theology, and the myth of Paradise and the Fall. To be precise, it is argued that Derrida means to preclude the narrative of the Fall. Agamben, on the other hand, takes the animal as creature, and thus as a proper theological subject – which in this context means an Edenic exile – and accordingly as a proper subject of redemption. So, where Derrida intervenes in an encounter between human and animal prior to Paradise, Agamben joins the story after man was driven from it. In turn, this essay covers the issue of Derrida and Agamben’s messianic terminologies, the ontology of the animal as being-after, and ultimately, the conceptual understanding of Paradise.

INVESTIGATING STUDENTS’ FEEDBACK TOWARD SPEAKING MATERIAL BASED ON CAPCUT APPS IN TEACHING TEXTBOOK OF MERDEKA KURIKULUM

This article Investigates the feedback of students toward Capcut application for Extensive Speaking. It is assumed that speaking is a difficult skill to do since for EFL recognized it as undaily spoken. In this article, the author wants to find students' feedback on the apps after the author give them how to design personal speaking video in Capcut. This research is mixed method by using the interview and survey as the method in collecting data. Hence, fIve students became the sample in this research. Besides that, the author also provides the observation as the supporting data to look on how the student engage with the apps. The data were taken from a school in Pamayaran, Banten province. This. It makes the proper subject to collect the data from these students. The findings demonstrate that the Cacput apps give students a new lease on life in terms of motivation, Confidence, and Creativity.

Полномочия главы крестьянского (фермерского) хозяйства по распоряжению общим имуществом: сущность и механизмы ограничения

The article contains a detailed analysis of the subjective aspect of the disposal of common property belonging to members of a non-subject peasant (farm) enterprise, first of all, in terms of the (in)expediency of the model «the proper subject of disposal is exclusively the head of the enterprise», as well as the (un)justified characterization of the actions of the head as representative; the author proves the relevance of not only contractual, but also centralized regulation of relations related to limiting the powers of the named person (through the introduction of a mechanism for mandatory obtaining the consent of members of the farm to carry out certain administrative acts, etc.).

Rehumanizing Khwajasaras through children’s comics

ABSTRACT Khwajasaras’ recognition crisis and unacceptability in Pakistani society seem to be worsening even though The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act of 2018 was passed to confer fundamental human rights on the khwajasara community of Pakistan. Transphobic discourses – memes and jokes, being some of the modern forms of epistemic violence and denialism – have further condemned the khwajasara community to a state of subalternity. This paper examines how children’s comics – specifically, Basila and the Street Crew by Shaikh and Ansari (2018)– can effectively transform society’s transphobic attitudes, rehumanise khwajasaras, and compel the readers to reflect on their apathy. Basila and the Street Crew (2017) is Pakistan’s first comic book that addresses transgender discrimination, tackles epistemic violence, and projects a more positive image of the khwajasara community. It is argued that children’s comics can play a vital role in combating epistemic violence and developing the recognition of khwajasaras as proper subjects. We conclude that it is imperative to produce more gender-oriented comics to dismantle society’s concept of gender liminality, which suppresses the interstitial space – the ‘third’ gender/sex.

Valuing freedom of expression at the expense of linguistic aspect: The analysis of Kaur's selected poems

As a well-known poet, Rupi Kaur has written several poems which attract worldwide accolades. The present study explores several important aspects of her selected poems, such as feminism, humor, and irony. It was conducted qualitatively. In this case, the researchers acted to analyze and collected the data consecutively. The findings indicated that the concepts of feminism described in her poems tend to be more liberal and radical. The use of crude language to depict women as "male objects" plainly supports this notion. Furthermore, Kaur employs filthy language to prick the reader's conscience and make them aware of the societal critique offered in her poems. The element of Humor identified in the poems is used to portray the injustice of societal rules that restrict women. Despite showing poor grammatical aspects, such as the use of proper subject, the poem strives to vividly criticize the role of women, which is commonly valued solely on their physical looks, dismissing their worth and complexity as humans.

The Stripes of Coriolanus: A Democratic Appropriation of Roman Republicanism

Inspired by the scholarly work of Paul Cantor and David Lowenthal, this paper argues that the 1981 war-comedy, Stripes, constitutes a democratic appropriation of Shakespeare’s Coriolanus. Drawing on what is arguably Shakespeare’s most political drama, Cantor and Lowenthal argue, respectively, that both Rome and its martial warrior tragically aspire to a wholeness that will always elude them; Rome’s republic depends on a mixing of political classes that presume to be distinct from and independent of the other while the work’s eponymous figure believes he can exist above and apart from the city he alternately seeks to save and to destroy. Because tragedies show the self-defeating flaws that plague their protagonists, they allow us to see the impossibilities such characters represent as absurd. But, in seeing them as absurd, they should also appear as the proper subjects of comedy. Viewed as a democratic reworking of this Elizabethan tragedy, Stripes shows us how the wisdom that allows us to appreciate both the need for and the shortcomings of republican politics, as the scholarship of Cantor and Lowenthal reveal them, may yet be made available without leading us to despair of the possibility a genuinely free and healthy civic life.

How the Public Became the Caller: The Emergence of Reactive Policing, 1880–1970

Abstract Why is the police role so broad in the United States today? Carceral state scholars have investigated how and why policymakers have treated so many social problems as policing problems, but they have not yet recognized the degree to which the call-for-service system has marginalized political control over police strategy. This Article traces the historical sources of this arrangement through extensive archival research into its evolution. We find that over the course of the twentieth century, the rise of new communications technologies gradually shifted the power to decide which problems are proper subjects of police attention to private individuals, eventually channeling their demands through centralized call centers that had been stripped of the authority and contextual knowledge needed to govern them in a meaningful way. That process fundamentally altered the character of public oversight over policing, elevating a distinctive set of individual interests as largely unchallenged determinants of the kinds of situations that are policeable. By illustrating how sociotechnical change unintentionally reallocated the authority to define the scope of an important institution’s mandate, this case sheds new light on the factors that shape the police role and the role the public plays in defining it.

Kewenangan Pemerintah Daerah Dalam Perjanjian Kerjasama Internasional

Introduction: The development of the international community which has an impact on political and economic regionalization also has demands for local autonomy affecting patterns of international relations, in line with this, new actors have emerged where local governments have played a role in entering into international cooperation agreements.Purposes of the Research: This writing aims to identify and analyze the position of local government as a legal subject in international cooperation agreements and to determine and analyze the form of local government authority in entering into international cooperation agreements.Methods of the Research: The research method used is normative juridical with a problem approach using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The legal materials used consist of primary and secondary legal materials with legal material collection techniques carried out through library research.Results of the Research: The results of this study conclude that the regional government in entering into international cooperation agreements cannot be seen as a proper subject of international law, in entering into international cooperation agreements the position of the regional government remains a representation of the state. The form of regional government authority in entering into international agreements is a combination of delegation and mandate because it is a pre-existing delegation of authority from the center to the regions and acts on behalf of the state, in this case the authority giver.

The Extent to Which Guidance Services in Schools Help Students Choose Their Subjects in Ordinary Level Public Secondary Schools in Mwanga District, Tanzania

This study examined the extent to which guidance services in schools help students choose their subjects in O-level Public Secondary schools in Mwanga District, Tanzania. The Rational Choice Theory guided the study and a convergent research design under mixed methods research approach was adopted. The targeted population was 1 District Secondary Education Officer, 26 heads of secondary schools, 535 subject teachers, 26 Class teachers, 2756 parents and 2756 students. A study employed stratified random, total population and snowball sampling techniques to obtain the sample size of 431 respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires and an interview guide. The content and face validity of the research instruments were ensured by MWECAU research experts. The research instruments were pilot-tested in two O-level public secondary schools. The calculated reliability coefficients for subject teachers and students in Likert items found in questionnaires were 0.832 and 0.765. The trustworthiness of qualitative research instruments was determined through triangulation. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 22 and presented through frequencies, percentages and mean. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically. The study found that guidance services in schools, to a high extent, facilitate students to choose subjects. The study concluded that guidance services play a crucial role in facilitating students to choose subjects as the majority of subject teachers, some parents and other education stakeholders help students to be aware of the importance of making proper subject selections in relation to their combinations which will lead them into their intended future careers. The study recommends that schools should recognize the importance of guidance services. The government initiatives should, therefore, prepare qualified teacher-guidance from universities and colleges to ensure the effective provision of guidance services in schools on students' subject choices.

Inseparable operations and the human operation of Christ

AbstractThe recent recovery of the teaching that the three divine persons share one operation in their outward works raises the question of whether or in what sense the human operation of Christ belongs to the Son alone. My thesis is that all three divine persons move and support the Son's human operation while the Son alone is the proper subject of his human operation. In order to substantiate this thesis, I will consider two main issues: (1) the relationship between divine movement and human energy and (2) the relationship between nature and person in Christ's human action.

The proper subject as a prerequisite for the admissibility of evidence: court practice

The article is devoted to certain issues of admissibility of evidence in criminal proceedings, taking into account judicial practice accordingly. The notes emphasizes one of the most important issues in criminal proceedings is the issue of obtaining evidence by the proper subjects. At the same time, in the spotlight when deciding on the admissibility of evidence, should be the rights and freedoms of citizens.
 Based on the Supreme Court litigation and the legal positions of the European Court of Human Rights, the article allocates a number of problematic aspects that arise in practical work, as a result, leads to the recognition an evidence as inadmissible due to their receipt by improper subject of proof.
 Since the decision of a court or international judicial institution that has entered into force and establishes a violation of human rights and fundamental freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution of Ukraine and international treaties ratified by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine is of prejudicial importance for the court that decides on the admissibility of evidence, the Supreme Court’s practice on these issues is undoubtedly subject to study, detailed analysis and further application in practice.
 Only on the basis of evidentiary information are the subjects of criminal proceedings authorized to make procedural decisions regarding criminal law conflict and ensuring human rights and freedoms.
 The investigator, prosecutor, and investigating judge evaluate the evidence already collected and verified during the pre-trial investigation when making relevant procedural decisions. Of course, the evaluation of evidence by the court during the trial is of great importance, since it is the court that decides on the guilt or innocence of a person in committing a criminal offense when passing a verdict.
 The author concludes that investigators, procedural supervisors, and investigating judges should take into account the legal positions of the Supreme Court in their activities and prevent the violations pointed out by the author in this article with reference to the Supreme Court rulings.

Why Care About What There Is?

Abstract There’s the question of what there is, and then there’s the question of what ultimately exists. Many contend that, once we have this distinction clearly in mind, we can see that there is no sensible debate to be had about whether there are such things as properties or tables or numbers, and that the only ontological question worth debating is whether such things are (in one or another sense) ultimate. I argue that this is a mistake. Taking debates about ordinary objects as a case study, I show that the arguments that animate these debates bear directly on the question of which objects there are and cannot plausibly be recast as arguments about what’s ultimate. I then address the objection that, because they are easily answerable, questions about what there is cannot be a proper subject of ontological debate.

Longing for Annabel: Queer Love and the Melancholic Critic

Abstract: This essay advances a queer reading of Edgar Allan Poe's "Annabel Lee" through reframing his relationship with the editor Rufus Griswold, who posthumously printed the poem to accompany his infamous obituary of the poet. I argue that the complicated personal and sexual lives of Griswold offer queer resonances to understand his attachments to the action and feeling of "Annabel Lee." Indeed, the history of Griswold's marriages provides insight into how desire and disavowal create screens for refused melancholic attachments. Narrating his ill-fated second marriage to Charlotte Myers, I show how Griswold's desire to present himself as a normative and proper subject belie an anxiety over what he ends up considering wrong object choice, arguing in his divorce affidavit that she "had been bound, in honor and law, not to receive any man's offer of marriage." What this saga of Griswold's fraught attachments illuminates is how a critic's own entanglements with their objects of study can become rich contexts to understand both their own disavowed attachments and the objects that call forth their interest. As such, I consider how the literary critic's orientation toward objects of critique may be compellingly plumbed and analyzed for ways to engage more directly with the concerns of affect studies, queer studies, and author studies.

Can the people exercise constituent power?

Abstract Contemporary constitutional theorists sometimes use the phrase “the constituent power of the people” in a way that is, on closer examination, ambiguous. It could mean that the people is the bearer of constituent power, that the people exercises constituent power, or both. This article examines this pivotal, yet rarely explicitly thematized, distinction internal to the concept of constituent power and considers its downstream implications for constitutional theory. The proposition that the people is the bearer of constituent power, I argue, is best read narrowly as a claim about the proper subject of attribution for major constitutional change. The proposition that the people exercises constituent power, however, is best read either as (i) a claim about the capacity of citizens to effect constitutional change through collective deliberation, or (ii) shorthand for the claim that representatives should always engage in processes of constitutional change on behalf of citizens. If these readings are true, the article concludes, then this has important consequences for the theory and practice of constituent power and for its relationship with political representation.

Phenomenology of Conversion: John H. Newman and Aurel Kolnai

This essay considers J. H. Newman’s and Aurel Kolnai’s conversions from a phenomenological point of view. Newman’s conversion or conversions are often cited as classic examples, though he was reluctant to use this notion, preferring to see his journey as a long process, an account of which is provided in his Apologia Pro Vita Sua. His Grammar of Assent is less often cited in this context, but it helps more to make sense of conversion as an experience. Kolnai was a phenomenologist himself. He also provided a personal account of his conversion in his autobiography. The two thinkers’ reflections on conversion are highly congruent, highlighting four dimensions: familiarity or homecoming (conversion makes one at peace with oneself); discovery of reality or real meaning of a notion (of truth, of God, of the scriptures, of the Church); the paramount importance of conscience (the indispensability of the approval of moral authority); the intelligibility of conversion which makes it, in the end, the proper subject of philosophical inquiry.

The construction of subjectivities and enemies in global warming: searching for the political climate issue in Swedish Election Campaigns, 1988–2014

ABSTRACT It has been argued that the issue of global warming has become incorporated into a postpolitical condition that has deprived it of a proper political subject. In this article, the depoliticizing process is examined through a historical analysis of Swedish election campaigns, 1988 to 2014, a domain that traditionally features political language and politicizations. The analysis shows how the rhetoric of political parties was characterized by an increasingly universalizing language which made it problematic to name a political subject, and how the enemy of global warming was constructed as an outsider that threatened the current order. The article argues for the need to re-politicize the climate issue by understanding climate crises as social crises; that is, crises that can be properly politicized.

A nomogram based on radiomics intermuscular adipose analysis to indicate arteriosclerosis in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

Early identifying arteriosclerosis in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients could contribute to choosing proper subjects for early prevention. Here, we aimed to investigate whether radiomic intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) analysis could be used as a novel marker to indicate arteriosclerosis in newly diagnosed T2D patients. A total of 549 patients with newly diagnosed T2D were included in this study. The clinical information of the patients was recorded and the carotid plaque burden was used to indicate arteriosclerosis. Three models were constructed to evaluate the risk of arteriosclerosis: a clinical model, a radiomics model (a model based on IMAT analysis proceeded on chest CT images), and a clinical-radiomics combined model (a model that integrated clinical-radiological features). The performance of the three models were compared using the area under the curve (AUC) and DeLong test. Nomograms were constructed to indicate arteriosclerosis presence and severity. Calibration curves and decision curves were plotted to evaluate the clinical benefit of using the optimal model. The AUC for indicating arteriosclerosis of the clinical-radiomics combined model was higher than that of the clinical model [0.934 (0.909, 0.959) vs. 0.687 (0.634, 0.730), P < 0.001 in the training set, 0.933 (0.898, 0.969) vs. 0.721 (0.642, 0.799), P < 0.001 in the validation set]. Similar indicative efficacies were found between the clinical-radiomics combined model and radiomics model (P = 0.5694). The AUC for indicating the severity of arteriosclerosis of the combined clinical-radiomics model was higher than that of both the clinical model and radiomics model [0.824 (0.765, 0.882) vs. 0.755 (0.683, 0.826) and 0.734 (0.663, 0.805), P < 0.001 in the training set, 0.717 (0.604, 0.830) vs. 0.620 (0.490, 0.750) and 0.698 (0.582, 0.814), P < 0.001 in the validation set, respectively]. The decision curve showed that the clinical-radiomics combined model and radiomics model indicated a better performance than the clinical model in indicating arteriosclerosis. However, in indicating severe arteriosclerosis, the clinical-radiomics combined model had higher efficacy than the other two models. Radiomics IMAT analysis could be a novel marker for indicating arteriosclerosis in patients with newly diagnosed T2D. The constructed nomograms provide a quantitative and intuitive way to assess the risk of arteriosclerosis, which may help clinicians comprehensively analyse radiomics characteristics and clinical risk factors more confidently.

Remembering Herbert Gutman's Work, Culture, and Society Fifty Years On

Remembering Herbert Gutman's <i>Work, Culture, and Society</i> Fifty Years On

Reconciling Moral Responsibility with Multiplicity in Conway’s Principles

ABSTRACT Anne Conway’s commitment to the moral responsibility of creatures, or created beings, is seemingly in tension with her unique metaphysics. Conway is committed to individual moral responsibility. Conway insists that an innocent person ought not be punished for someone else’s sin. Interesting recent work highlights a unique aspect of Conway’s position that creatures are multiplicities: not only are creatures integrated into the larger whole of creation, but also their parts are mutually integrated into one another. The latter, which I will call ‘ontological overlap,’ renders the boundaries between creatures unclear. However, creatures must be distinct enough from each other to provide a proper subject for individual moral responsibility. This contribution suggests that Conway’s account of vital power can resolve an apparent tension between ontological overlap and individual moral responsibility and, more broadly, that Conway has a relational metaphysics of moral subjecthood.

A Christian Approach to Corporate Religious Liberty. By Edward A. David

The proper subject of corporate religious liberty claims is group action, not individuals or corporate persons per se. And groups are best understood as verbs, not nouns. These striking claims, ‘mostly alien’ to modern ears, warrant the inclusion of A Christian Approach to Corporate Religious Liberty in the Palgrave Frontiers in Philosophy of Religion series. That series promises fresh perspectives on timely disputes in philosophy of religion. And Edward David’s retrieval and application of classical resources to a fraught contemporary debate is a welcome interpolation. David is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow with the Oxford Character Project. That interdisciplinary milieu helps explain the book’s twin target audiences: ‘theologians and their church communities’ and, ‘equally’, ‘political theorists and philosophers of law’. Aspirational parity notwithstanding, the heart of the book, Chapter 4, ‘A Modest Account of Corporate Religious Liberty’, is decidedly philosophical, not theological. David answers there his central question: to what or to whom are owed the duties correspondent to corporate religious liberties? As noted, his surprising reply is group action.