Proper Sleep Research Articles

Evaluating Educational Patterns and Methods in Infant Sleep Care: Trends, Effectiveness, and Impact in Home Settings-A Systematic Review.

Sleep care is crucial for the health and development of infants, with proper sleep patterns reducing the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and other sleep-related incidents. Educational interventions targeting caregivers are essential in promoting safe sleep practices. This systematic review adhered to PRISMA guidelines, searching databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. Inclusion criteria focused on studies involving home-based interventions for infants aged 0-12 months, including parental education and behavioral interventions. Exclusion criteria included studies in clinical settings and non-peer-reviewed articles. Data extraction and synthesis were performed by two independent reviewers, using a narrative approach to categorize interventions and outcomes. Twenty-three studies met the inclusion criteria. Key findings indicate that home-based educational interventions, including hospital-based programs, home visits, and mobile health technologies, significantly improve parental knowledge and adherence to safe sleep practices. These interventions also enhance parental satisfaction and contribute positively to infant health outcomes. Educational interventions have demonstrated effectiveness in promoting safe sleep practices among caregivers, particularly in home settings. These interventions, including hospital-based programs, home visits, and digital tools, improve parental knowledge, adherence to guidelines, and overall satisfaction. The impact is evident in the reduction of unsafe sleep behaviors and enhanced infant health outcomes. However, variability in the intervention methods and delivery, cultural contexts, and geographic focus suggest a need for more tailored, long-term, and comprehensive studies. Future research should standardize outcome measures and assess the sustained impact of these educational strategies on infant sleep patterns and caregiver practices over time. This will provide deeper insights into the trends and long-term effectiveness of educational patterns and methods in diverse home environments.

Negative Impact of Digital Technology on Children's Health

Digital technologies are being used widely by children and increased rapidly over the past decade. Digital Technology in all its forms (such as computers, smartphone, video games, and the interne) can hold a person’s attention for long periods. It seems that can negatively affect on eye, sleep, critical thinking, physical activity, musculoskeletal impacts for people of any age, children and adolescents is especially vulnerable. Children's incorrect use of technology in terms of content, duration, frequency, and posture when using it can lead to a number of health risks. The objective of this paper is an overview of negative effect of digital technology on children's health. And in order to achieve our goal, we addressed the following questions: Does overuse of digital technology have a negative effect on children health? Does using digital technology can make children’s developmental problems, musculoskeletal problems, physical inactivity, obesity, and inadequate sleep quality? It is great to monitor the time, frequency, and content viewed while using technological devices and to certify that children have or develop adequate physical activity opportunities, healthy eating habits, proper sleep cycles, and a nurturing social environment. This study is based on qualitative research methods, using literature review by a specific keywords and search items, in order to obtain as many relevant papers as possible. All collected papers are used to recognize and develop a paper based on the research questions. This research includes articles published between 2015 and 2023, articles published prior to 2015 are not included.

A Review on Management of Vataja Shirorog W.S.R. to Tension type Headache through Dashmooladi Siddha Ksheerdhara and Oral Administration

It is sad and known to everybody that in today’s era, it is difficult to maintain one’s mental health. A happy mind can accomplish anything but with a busy, competitive, and demanding life, earning bread and butter has deteriorated one’s mindset. Today’s lifestyle change, i.e., irregular food habits, suppression of natural urges, lack of proper sleep, and less time for relaxation, has increased incidences of many diseases. Due to complexity, diversity, and range of root causes of mental health and little awareness about healthy mind among people, it becomes challenging to diagnose the problem. In Ayurveda, mind contemplates to be a bridge between indriyas and indriyarthas. If the mind is unhealthy, it will surely reflect upon the body. Insomnia, insanity, tension-type headache, office headache, depression, schizophrenia, stress, and anxiety have now become very common. Fortunately, in Ayurveda, there are various lines of treatments such as Satva avajaya chikitsa, Daivya vyapasraya chikitsa, Adravyabhoot chikitsa, Yukti vyapasraya chikitsa, Achar rasayan, Yoga, and pranayama followed by proper diet and also Panchakarma therapies such as nasya and shirodhara with medicated oil seems quite effective. Shirodhara can be performed using a variety of herbs including takra, ksheer, kwath, etc. It involves continually and rhythmically pouring liquid over the forehead from a specified height for a set amount of time. The liquid depends on what disease is being treated. Shirodhara also involves a head massage. It is thought to be a good relaxing procedure for mind.

How sleep duration impacts cognitive status among Indian population aged ≥45 years: Evidence from Longitudinal Aging Study India (LASI).

An aging population is associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline. Sleep duration, both excess and deficiency, is a risk factor for cognitive impairment. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the relationship between sleep duration and cognition in the Indian population. This study was a secondary analysis of the first wave of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) conducted across India in all 34 states and union territories. Sleep duration was calculated using sleep and wake times, whereas cognition was measured as a composite cognitive index. Both univariable and multivariable linear regressions were performed on the composite cognitive score. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on sex and age groups (45-59 years and ≥60 years). The median (IQR) cognition score was 25 (20-30). A sleep duration of ≤4 hours was associated with a decrease in cognition status of 1.15 points (1.57-0.72), and a sleep duration of ≥9 hours was associated with a decrease of 0.93 points (1.25-0.60). Subgroup analysis revealed that this relationship remained consistent across both genders and both age groups. Both long and short durations of sleep were seen to be associated with a decrease in cognition scores among Indian adults, in both sexes and both age groups. Thus, proper sleep duration can help in the prevention of declining cognition as one ages and the development of dementia.

Investigating The Relationship Between Sleep Quality, Adherence to Proper Sleep Hygiene Practices, And Academic Performance Among Students.

In this correlational study, the relationship between sleep quality, sleep hygiene, and academic performance among individuals aged 17- 24 years was investigated (200) utilizing correlation. Descriptive statistics showed normal distributions for Academic Performance, Sleep Quality, and Sleep Hygiene scores. Spearman’s rho correlation analyses showed a weak negative correlation between Academic Performance and Sleep Quality (ρ = -0.184, p = 0.009), proposing that higher Sleep Quality is related to slightly lower Academic Performance. Contrarily, no significant correlation was discovered between Academic Performance and Sleep Hygiene (ρ = -0.060, p = 0.393), suggesting that sleep hygiene practices alone do not affect academic outcomes. A moderate positive correlation was seen between Sleep Quality and Sleep Hygiene (ρ = 0.484, p < 0.001), underscoring that good sleep hygiene led to higher Sleep Quality. These results emphasize the complex nature of the relation between sleep-related factors and academic performance, proposing the influence of multifaceted variables beyond sleep on academic outcomes. The study suggests comprehensive approaches combine various factors to optimize both academic performance and overall well-being. Future research should explore additional variables and employ longitudinal designs to elucidate causality and refine interventions aimed at advancement of sleep and academic performance.

Active Lifestyle Is Linked With Proper Sleep Quality in Older Adults Living Nursing Homes

Active Lifestyle Is Linked With Proper Sleep Quality in Older Adults Living Nursing Homes

Management of Infant Atopic Eczema to Prevent Severe Eczema and Food Allergy.

Early intervention and active management of infant atopic eczema may play a crucial role in limiting eczema severity and preventing the onset of immediate-type food allergy. Eczema management involves education, skincare and medications targeting skin inflammation and barrier repair. Topical corticosteroids are the mainstay of anti-inflammatory therapy, with nonsteroidal options available for some infants. Proactive therapy, addressing subclinical inflammation, is useful for preventing eczema flares, especially in infants with recurrent eczema flares despite reactive therapy. In clinical practice, holistic consideration of overall infant and family health is essential. Providing advice on maternal stress management, nutritional guidance and recommendations for proper sleep and lifestyle is crucial for the well-being of children and their families, not limited to eczema treatment alone.

Analysis of tropical nights in Spain (1970–2023): Minimum temperatures as an indicator of climate change

AbstractIn the current context of climate change, the increase in minimum temperatures recorded in recent decades has received special scientific attention due to its importance for the proper night's sleep and health of the population, among other considerations. One of the main indicators usually considered refers to the frequency of tropical nights (≥20°C), which have begun to become widespread in regions hitherto excluded from this type of event. This paper analyses tropical nights in Spain between 1970 and 2023, addressing their mean annual occurrence, their intensity, their monthly distribution and the average number of consecutive tropical nights recorded, as well as their relationship with relative humidity. The results, based on the analysis of 75 homogenized series located in 44 different provinces, allow us to differentiate seven large areas based on the minimum temperature in which there has been an increase in the frequency and intensity of tropical nights, which progressively extend the season in which they can appear. Similarly, a generalized increase in the maximum number of consecutive nights thermally above 20°C was identified, in addition to the presence of high relative humidity in coastal areas during these episodes.

Design of Smart Pillow for Improvement in Sleep Quality

The design of smart pillow is used for improve the sleep quality. For a human proper sleep is necessary. The pillow is design to detect and respond to snoring. The technology which is help us to development of the smart pillow. Smart pillow is connected with a sensor to track the temperature, stress level and sleeping posture. The pillow can consider non-physiological factors like sleeping hours, snoring range, sleeping posture. In this smart pillow, the memory foam is also used in it that helps to adjust the shape of our head and neck. The whole data will be accessed via mobile apps. The stress level is increase day by day. Smart pillow helps in peaceful and deep sleep

Characteristics of youth's health keeping practices under the digitalization

The article discusses the problems of health keeping of modern Russian youth under the digitalization. Paying attention to the negative dynamics in the health of young Russians, the authors point out to form and promote a culture of health keeping among the younger generation. However, in order for the implemented measures to be effective, the authors propose to differentiate them taking into account the specifics of the perception of health and practices of caring for it among young people, which is associated with their distinction into two age groups within the framework of generational theory: zoomers and millennials. In this regard, the article presents the results of an empirical study conducted by the authors on the health conservation of Russian youth, which are depicted the characteristics of consumption and practices in the field of health among these age groups. As it states, both categories are quite conscious of their health status. The most common ways to stay healthy are proper nutrition, sleep patterns, and regular exercise. However, certain differences have been identified in the basic practices of caring for it as compared to the traditional model of a healthy lifestyle. Thus, self-tracking based on mobile applications, as well as digital consumption of health information in new media, is popular among zoomers. Millennials appear to be more committed to the primary source of health information, the medical community, which is also reflected in the need for regular health checkups. Based on the findings, a number of practical recommendations are proposed.

The influence of wakefulness fluctuations on brain networks involved in centrotemporal spike occurrence

ObjectiveDrowsiness has been implicated in the modulation of centro-temporal spikes (CTS) in Self-limited epilepsy with Centro-Temporal Spikes (SeLECTS). Here, we explore this relationship and whether fluctuations in wakefulness influence the brain networks involved in CTS generation. MethodsFunctional MRI (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) was simultaneously acquired in 25 SeLECTS. A multispectral EEG index quantified drowsiness (‘EWI’: EEG Wakefulness Index). EEG (Pearson Correlation, Cross Correlation, Trend Estimation, Granger Causality) and fMRI (PPI: psychophysiological interactions) analytic approaches were adopted to explore respectively: (a) the relationship between EWI and changes in CTS frequency and (b) the functional connectivity of the networks involved in CTS generation and wakefulness oscillations. EEG analyses were repeated on a sample of routine EEG from the same patient’s cohort. ResultsNo correlation was found between EWI fluctuations and CTS density during the EEG-fMRI recordings, while they showed an anticorrelated trend when drowsiness was followed by proper sleep in routine EEG traces. According to PPI findings, EWI fluctuations modulate the connectivity between the brain networks engaged by CTS and the left frontal operculum. ConclusionsWhile CTS frequency per se seems unrelated to drowsiness, wakefulness oscillations modulate the connectivity between CTS generators and key regions of the language circuitry, a cognitive function often impaired in SeLECTS. SignificanceThis work advances our understanding of (a) interaction between CTS occurrence and vigilance fluctuations and (b) possible mechanisms responsible for language disruption in SeLECTS.

COVID-19-Related Emotional Impact and Personal Experiences, Family Income, and Sleep Hygiene of Early Appalachian Adolescents

Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has negatively impacted the lifestyles and routines of adolescents, making it difficult to prioritize sleep. This has raised concerns regarding the sleep hygiene of young individuals, as good sleep is important for healthy youth development. Therefore, understanding how the pandemic has disproportionally affected the sleep of specific youth subgroups is essential for developing interventions to alleviate poor sleep and its adverse consequences. Methods: School-based survey data from the Young Mountaineer Health Study (YMHS) was used to create generalized estimating equation models to predict daytime sleepiness and the amount of sleep among early adolescents on weekday and weekend nights. The study included data from 2,322 students collected over three waves ~6 months apart. COVID-19-related emotional impact (scale range: 5–25) was considered the independent variable. Results: The average age of the participants in wave 1 was 11.50 (male, 44.1%). COVID-19-related emotional impact was positively associated with daytime sleepiness (estimate=0.25, <i>p</i><0.001) and increased the odds of receiving less than the recommended average amount of sleep on weekdays (odds ratio [OR]=1.05, <i>p</i><0.001) and weekends (OR=1.04, <i>p</i><0.001). Conclusions: Thus, we recommend targeting proper sleep interventions for individuals deeply affected by the pandemic and young individuals from lower-income families. Moreover, despite a decrease in the emotional impact of COVID-19 over time, its potential negative effects on sleep persisted. Therefore, efforts should focus on educating young individuals regarding the health benefits of proper sleep, with an emphasis on integrating this information into the health curricula of secondary schools in the Appalachian region.

A systematic review of effectiveness and safety of some herbal compounds as treatment for primary insomnia

Introduction Sleep related disorders affect around 30% of people all over the world, and evidence shows that 10% require therapeutic intervention. Insomnia represents the most common disturbance of sleep, defined as the experience of poor sleep for at least 1 month. Most of primary insomnia can be prevented by a proper lifestyle and sleep hygiene rules. Regardless, hypnotic drugs and widely prescribed, and most times, long-term used, which is not recommended because of its negative side effects.ObjectivesReview the scientific evidence about effectiveness of plant extracts for insomnia, natural products with practically no side-effects, and thus be possible to reduce or even avoid the use of hypnotic drugs.MethodsThe Medline database through the Pubmed search engine was used with the following keywords: “insomnia” and “herbal compounds”.ResultsValerian activity on sleep disturbances has been attributed to the presence of isovaleric acids and valepotriates with reported calming action and GABA reuptake inhibition with sedative effects. Considering the data presented in the literature, despite controversial and conflicting, several studies showed that valerian (160-600mg/day) improved sleep quality and reduced sleep latency and duration; also valerian seems more effective for chronic insomnia than acute episodes.Hop has different properties: calming, sleep inducing, gastric secretion stimulating and spasmolytic.Increasing GABAergic activity seems to be the main mechanism of action, thus inhibiting the central nervous system and also has demonstrated binding affinities to some of the melatonin and serotonin receptor. It’s sedative characteristics have been confirmed in a clinical trial in association with valerian, where sleep latency and quality were improved. However, monotherapy studies showed no relevant effectiveness in sleep.Kava Kava plant showed promising results, in rats and humans, with decrease sleep latency, better sleep quality and recuperation after sleep. However, raised concern about its potential of hepatotoxicity.There is also promising evidence of the lavender efficacy for sleep disorders in a wide variety of populations and diseases, it was actually mentioned to be as effective as lorazepam in adults with anxiety and sleeping problems. With studies with dose of 80mg it was observed a reduction in sleep awakenings, sleep duration and overall sleep quality and anxiety.Conclusions There is a clear preference from the patient to natural compounds, and with almost nonexistent side effects, some herbal derivates are showed to have positive effectiveness in mild insomnia, but nonetheless much more studies on this field are needed.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

The Cortisol Connection: Weight Gain and Stress Hormones

Weight gain can be good or bad for health. Benefits include increased health for overweight people, disease or surgical recovery, and more. Health concerns, joint and musculoskeletal disorders, respiratory issues, metabolic abnormalities, cardiovascular health, psychological impact, reduced mobility, digestive troubles, hormonal changes, and cancer risk are negative impacts. Weight gain outcomes depend on heredity, weight distribution, and health. Maintaining a healthy weight needs a balanced diet, regular exercise, and stress management. A doctor or nutritionist can offer personalized weight management advice. Stress chemicals like cortisol trigger weight gain. ACTH stimulates adrenal glands to release cortisol, which increases hunger, fat storage, insulin resistance, and muscle loss. Understanding how stress hormones like cortisol affect weight gain is vital to reducing chronic stress’s health risks. Stress reduction, a balanced diet, regular exercise, proper sleep, social support, and professional treatment can mitigate these outcomes. Ultimately, stress hormones like cortisol can cause weight gain, but a holistic strategy tackling physical and psychological stress can help people maintain a healthy weight.

SlumberNet: deep learning classification of sleep stages using residual neural networks

Sleep research is fundamental to understanding health and well-being, as proper sleep is essential for maintaining optimal physiological function. Here we present SlumberNet, a novel deep learning model based on residual network (ResNet) architecture, designed to classify sleep states in mice using electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) signals. Our model was trained and tested on data from mice undergoing baseline sleep, sleep deprivation, and recovery sleep, enabling it to handle a wide range of sleep conditions. Employing k-fold cross-validation and data augmentation techniques, SlumberNet achieved high levels of overall performance (accuracy = 97%; F1 score = 96%) in predicting sleep stages and showed robust performance even with a small and diverse training dataset. Comparison of SlumberNet's performance to manual sleep stage classification revealed a significant reduction in analysis time (~ 50 × faster), without sacrificing accuracy. Our study showcases the potential of deep learning to facilitate sleep research by providing a more efficient, accurate, and scalable method for sleep stage classification. Our work with SlumberNet further demonstrates the power of deep learning in mouse sleep research.

Exploring The Relationship Between Job Stress and Sleep Quality of Community Nurses in China

It is necessary that nurses have a proper sleep schedule to be able to serve their duty with proper dedication. However, in China it has been noticed that challenges within the healthcare system are affecting the sleep schedule of nurses indirectly. The lack of a proper working environment or job security has affected the sleep schedule for Chinese nurses majorly, one of the significant reasons being job stress. A quantitative study has been adopted in this research to identify the main reasons why nurses in China are having an imbalance over sleep quality. The findings of the study have shown high reliability of the methods used with the testing of the Cronbach Alpha value. Policymakers can use the findings of this study to entail different laws for improving the stress at work for the nurses to enhance their respective sleep qualities.

Nidra: An Ayurvedic Perspective

Introduction: Sleep is a natural, essential activity for the restoration of fatigued tissues, with its mechanism not fully elucidated. Ayurveda considers sleep, along with diet and celibacy, as fundamental pillars of life. Materials & Methods: Various literatures like Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Astanga Hridaya, modern medical textbooks, journals and online databases are reviewed Results: Proper sleep promotes happiness, nourishment, strength, knowledge, and longevity. Day sleep (Divaswapna) is recommended under specific conditions, aligning with seasonal rhythms. Insomnia (Nidranasa) is linked to Dosha imbalances, mental exhaustion, and systemic disturbances. Discussion: Ayurvedic recommendations for daytime sleep vary based on individual constitutions and health conditions. The approach underscores the significance of balancing these factors for sound and restorative sleep. Conclusion: The Ayurvedic perspective emphasizes obtaining the right amount of sleep at the right time for overall well-being. Sleep is deemed a rejuvenating force, contributing to strength, nourishment, and satisfaction. Individualized regimens are crucial to ensure proper sleep and address potential imbalances, aligning with Ayurvedic principles for holistic health.

Prevalence of skin diseases among hostellers attending the tertiary care hospital

Background: Skin diseases are more common but are mostly non-fatal and chronic. Dermatological conditions account for a significant proportion of the global burden of diseases. Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of skin diseases among hostellers, determine the causative factors, and describe the prevention. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted for 2 months in the outpatient Department of Dermatology, Government Medical College, Pudukottai, on 507 hostellers. The study subjects were examined and diagnosed by the dermatologist. Questions such as exposure to sunlight, usage of sunscreen, frequency of head baths, and junk food consumption were asked and recorded in a case study form by the principal investigator. Results: Pityriasis capitis was the most prevalent skin disease among 507 participants, followed by acne vulgaris (54.83%) and pediculosis capitis (25.64%). Pityriasis capitis is more common in men (56.17%), with higher chances in those with head baths (<3 times/week) and exposure to sunlight (28.08%). Acne vulgaris affects both males and females equally; face washing <3 times daily is associated with oil and sebum retention, while lack of sunscreen and junk food intake are linked. Periorbital melanosis is more prevalent in females (54.62%) and is linked to stress (66.39%). Sleep duration is also a factor, with 69.23% of girls having a history of cosmetic usage. Conclusion: Pityriasis capitis, acne vulgaris, pediculosis capitis, dermatophytosis, and periorbital melanosis are common skin diseases caused by sharing, sleep deprivation, stress, and poor hygiene. Proper hygiene, sleep patterns, and self-care can reduce skin disease incidence.

Lifestyle factors on the long-term survival of gastric cancer patients after radical resection: A cohort study.

This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the effect of lifestyle factors (e.g., smoking, drinking, physical exercise, and sleep duration) on the long-term survival of gastric cancer (GC) patients after radical resection. GC patients after radical resection were enrolled from January 2016 to December 2017. Their baseline clinical data, lifestyle factors, and prognosis were collected. The primary endpoint was all-cause death. The relationship between the variables and survival was examined using the Cox proportional hazards model. A total of 309 patients were enrolled and 296 patients were followed up for a median of 54.0 months, with 130 confirmed deaths. Older age (>60 years) (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.307, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.056-2.161, P = 0.006), advanced tumor, node, and metastasis stage (P < 0.05), poorly pathological differentiation (HR: 1.765, 95% CI: 1.080-2.884, P = 0.023), history of smoking (P < 0.001), never physical exercise (HR: 2.057, 95% CI: 1.170-3.617, P = 0.012), long sleep duration (≥8 h) (HR: 4.160, 95% CI: 1.501-11.533, P = 0.006), and short sleep duration (<6 h) (HR: 3.417, 95% CI: 1.312-8.900, P = 0.012) were independent indicators of a poor overall survival in GC patients after radical resection. Smoking cessation, proper sleep duration, and regular physical exercise habits can improve the long-term survival of GC patients after radical resection.

The association between sleep and Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review.

To review existing literature based on predefined eligibility criteria to understand the connection between sleep disturbance and Alzheimer's disease. A thorough and systematic evaluation of numerous studies was carried out to assess one or more of the following epidemiological factors: (1) sleep disorders, (2) cognitive impairment, and (3) risk estimates for cognitive impairment due to sleep. Studies suggest that individuals who experience memory loss may encounter sleep disturbances before noticing other symptoms. Numerous sleep disorders, such as excessive and inadequate sleep duration, poor sleep quality, circadian rhythm abnormalities, insomnia, and obstructive sleep apnea were found to increase the risk of cognitive dysfunction and dementia. Additionally, lower sleep quality and shorter sleep duration have been linked to higher cerebral-β-amyloid levels. Objective evidence for the development of cognitive impairment is provided by the architecture of sleep stages. Patients experiencing sleep problems may benefit from specific types of sleep medicine as a preventative measure against cognitive decline. Sleep disorders can have adverse effects on cognitive health. The duration and quality of sleep are fundamental factors for maintaining a healthy brain as we age. Proper sleep can aid prevent cognitive impairment, particularly Alzheimer's disease and dementia.