Proper Assistance Research Articles

Intermittent Electrification with Battery Locomotives and the Post-Diesel Future of North American Freight Railroads

Changing attitudes, regulations, public policy, and international treaties concerning fossil fuels are likely to lead freight railroads toward carbon-neutral technologies, yet only electric traction matches the performance of diesel-electric locomotives. The tremendous power requirements of freight trains make efforts to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions challenging, but the prospect of 7.2 megawatt-hour battery-electric locomotives (BELs) offers promise, and intermittent electrification can facilitate battery charging. Train performance calculations under simulated real-world conditions show four 7.2 megawatt-hour BELs can power 8,000-ton trains up to 230 mainline miles unassisted, with average energy consumption of 12.5 watt-hours/ton-mile. This permits discontinuous electrification of major freight lines, leaving “gaps” of up to 200 mi to reduce capital costs, especially in rugged terrain or where the power grid is sparse. Massive onboard battery arrays and intermittent access to the electrical grid for traction power and recharging provide great energy savings by recycling energy now lost when traveling downhill or braking. A case study of a hypothetical Class I railroad found intermittent electrification with BELs more than 60% more cost-effective than contiguous electric districts, and dramatically reduced engine changes. To reduce railroad GHG emissions, governments must support technical development, show that electrification works in various North American settings, and develop institutional-financial frameworks to incentivize intermittent electrification with BELs, all in the context of massive environmental and capacity upgrades to electrical networks. Given proper assistance and incentives, early 21st century railroads may find discontinuous overhead-wire electrification offers great promise in operating terms.

Menanamkan Nilai-Nilai Pancasila dalam Jiwa Generasi Muda

Pancasila as the ideology and worldview of the Indonesian nation is an important foundation in shaping the character and identity of the younger generation. This study aims to explore efforts to instill Pancasila values in the younger generation and identify supporting and inhibiting factors. The results show that instilling Pancasila values in the psyche of the younger generation requires integrated and sustainable efforts from various parties, namely family, school, community, and media. The family acts as the first environment in instilling Pancasila values through role modeling and daily life practices. Schools have the responsibility to strengthen the understanding and appreciation of Pancasila values through an integrated curriculum and participatory learning methods. The community environment also plays a role in providing space for the younger generation to implement Pancasila values in community activities. Media and technology can be an effective means to instill Pancasila values in the younger generation in a more interesting and contextual way, with proper assistance and control. This study concludes that instilling Pancasila values in the psyche of the younger generation requires a comprehensive approach and active involvement of all stakeholders to ensure the sustainability of the noble values of the Indonesian nation in the future.

Common informative writing errors among junior high school students: input to lesson exemplars

This thesis sought to identify and analyze common informative writing errors committed by junior high school students in order to provide meaningful input to the development of lesson exemplars. Respondents were selected through using convenient sampling method. The respondents gave to the researchers copies of the informative errors they produced in their English class. There were coded as to the errors committed. There were identified and the results were validated by three master teachers of English. Results showed 12 themes indicating common errors i.e., word choice, punctuation, spelling, capitalization, subject and verb agreement, preposition, articles, verb tenses, pluralization, pronouns, word forms and conjunctions. Of these, spelling errors emerged as the most prominent under the mechanics category next is word choice under the grammatical category followed by preposition from style category. Based on the findings, the study had reached the following conclusions: · Mechanical, Grammatical, and Style errors are the most common errors the students commit when writing an English informative essay. Among them the errors that have the most occurrences were the Mechanical error. · Spelling, Preposition and Word Choice are the errors that primarily affect the overall quality of the students' written output specially when writing an informative essay as they rank first among their respective categories. · Word choice on students’ informative essays affects the idea that the writer wants to convey on the output. Among them is the inappropriate use of words, the best example of it is the use of words with the same sound but different meaning that gives an impact to the output. Based on this study’s preceding and findings and conclusions, the following recommendations are made: · Students must actively seek guidance from the teachers to give them proper assistance in terms of writing, this will be a big help in correcting their own write-ups. · Students must find opportunities to develop their writing skills outside of the classroom. Investigate online resources, writing communities, or workshops that offer more help and experience in informative writing. Students should explore various genres to expand their knowledge and ability in writing. · Teachers should assist students in expanding their vocabulary by assigning substantial reading assignments on various themes. They should provide students with immediate oral and written comments on their writing skills. They should use the sample lesson examples in the thesis as practical models, converting them into workbook activities that fit the desired learning outcomes. · Future research should look into the long-term impacts of writing errors in junior high school students' written output and if interventions and instructional approaches impact students' writing skills outside of the immediate setting. · Lesson exemplars provided by the researchers that address writing faults are valuable tools for enhancing students' informative writing skills. These exemplars will assist students in developing a better knowledge of good grammar, sentence structure, and organization by providing clear instances of frequent problems and teaching how to address them. Students can improve their writing skills and academic performance by analyzing and applying these exemplars.

YOGA IN PREGNANCY – NURTURING BODY, MIND AND BABY!

Purpose Ayurveda and Yoga are two sides of a coin. Both aims at healthy body, mind, soul. Yoga in Sanskrit means un-ion and attainment and merge of individual human consciousness with cosmic consciousness. Yoga helps to modify physical health, mental and spiritual health. Many research studies show that yoga is the key to a health-ier life for an individual. Pregnant women can also practice yoga poses with proper assistance and guidance. Pregnant woman undergoes many physical psychological and behavioural changes that leads to stress. Hence yoga is highly recommended during antenatal and postnatal periods to improve the strength of abdomen and pelvic flour muscles and to reduce mental stress. Aim & Objective: To assess the role of yoga in pregnancy in all 3 trimesters. Material and method: Yoga as explained in ayurvedic, and yogic classics will be reviewed. Pregnant women with low risk. Different yoga and pranayama in accordance with trimester. Result: The body is very delicate during pregnancy. Hence there is no time for challenging one's physical strength or activities. Following traditional yoga can provide benefits during pregnancy. But one should do it under strict observation and after knowing the general rules and restrictions to the pregnant women. Conclusion: Pregnancy is a normal and natural part of women’s life cycle. Practice of yoga has been explained in Ayurveda. Due to yoga, the physical, mental and spiritual health of an individual is achieved. Yoga during pregnancy is a wonderful course and an excellent way to focus on your health and helps to elevate many elements and discom-forts that naturally arise in the body during pregnancy.

A Study on Factors Affecting Rig Entrepreneurs with Particular Reference to the Namakkal District of Tamilnadu

Purpose: To analyze the factors influencing Rig Entrepreneurs with high capacity Borewells, Medium capacity Borewells, Medium capacity Borewells & Low Capacity Borewells. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study's main aim is to explore rig entrepreneurs' problems and prospects with particular reference to Namakkal District So; the study is primarily descriptive. Both primary and secondary data are used for the study. Findings/Results: The study concluded that inadequate working capital was the critical constraint for them to initiate the rig business, followed by the high interest rate and requirements of too many documents and certificates. The lack of managerial skills, lengthy procedures and formalities, commission to a middle man, collateral security, difficulty in getting re-finance, and no proper assistance from any source were the rig entrepreneurs' other constraints. Outcome: Rig entrepreneurs' constraints show that they face stiff competition from wealthy people. Since the investment is high and the return is also high, it makes more wealthy people eager to enter this rig business. Therefore, the wealth prospects should involve themselves in collaborative work with the social entrepreneurs in the joint venture and financial support through CSR instead of competing with social entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurial education for rig owners and development programmes like EDP and WEDP should be formed and executed to omit the rig business's lack of technical know-how. The educational institutions should be directed to have a course in their Entrepreneurship cell, with the District Industrial Center’s help to promote more entrepreneurs for the borewell enterprises. Originality/Values: The research work envisages the factors affecting Rig Entrepreneurs in the Namakkal district specifying that the work was carried out to outcome the problems of the rig entrepreneurs in the future. The technology has been improved in all the fields relevant to mines, and drought areas where the rig unit makes it difficult to enter the borewell point. Type of the paper: Primary data using questionnaires were used from various sources like case study analysis, and journals were used for the research work.

KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE GAP OF CAREGIVERS IN HANDLING CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY (CP) IN FLORENTINO CAMAQUIN INTEGRATED SCHOOL (FCIS)

Introduction: Ranging from 1 to nearly 4 per 1,000 children, cerebral palsy is a common cause of disability. It describes a group of permanent developmental disorders of movement and posture, causing limitations in doing activities. This requires caregivers to take on numerous responsibilities that are safe and unique to those with CP. The study determined and correlated the caregiver’s knowledge and practices in handling children with CP in FCIS. Methods: The study utilized a descriptive correlational design, and total enumeration as the sampling design, wherein 31 respondents completed a survey questionnaire, and ten of them were chosen through a fish-bowl method to participate in focus group discussion for more in-depth data collection. Results: The study reveals that majority of caregivers are women between age range of 21-66 years old and have attained high level of education. A greater portion of have experienced caring for children with CP between the ages of six to 23 years old and have a spastic type. The study shows that most caregivers possess a high level of knowledge and practices in terms of caring for children with CP. This increased awareness helps caregivers in providing proper assistance in transferring and lifting, activities of daily living and school related activities associated with the care and well-being of children with CP. Discussion: The study revealed that there is no gap as a significant relationship was determined between the caregivers’ knowledge and practices in handling children with CP in FCIS. It is imperative that caregivers’ level of knowledge and level of expertise with their handling practices should continue to increase in all aspects to provide quality care that may improve the condition of their child with CP.

GENDER DISCRIMINATION

Over the course of the last several years, there has been a significant amount of attention paid to the grave issue of women in India misusing the judicial system. The fact that women in India are often subjected to discrimination and do not have equal rights and opportunities contributes to the existence of gender bias in many aspects of Indian society. However, the fact that women often take advantage of the judicial system just helps to exacerbate the gender bias that already exists. Throughout the history of the legal system, there have been several instances of women attaining their objectives, sometimes at the expense of men. This behaviour is not only inappropriate from a moral standpoint, but it also goes against the Constitution. In the Indian Constitution, there is no section that specifically addresses the issue of gender equality. Over the course of its history, the Constitution has been subjected to several amendments in order to ensure that women are afforded equal legal protection. It is a fundamental human right to ensure that women are protected from any kind of discrimination, regardless of circumstances. Despite this, prejudice against women continues to exist in many aspects of society, such as the marriage market, the job, and educational institutions. In India, the most prevalent instances of women misusing the judicial system are those that include domestic violence and offences involving dowries. According to Indian law, crimes that include dowries are considered to be of a criminal character and entail criminal consequences. Instead, women often create charges of dowry harassment against their husbands or in-laws in order to achieve what they want in a divorce or property dispute. This is done in order to get what they want. Because of this misuse, men are deprived of the rights that are rightfully theirs, in addition to eroding the value of the law. To add insult to injury, when confronted with charges of domestic violence, law enforcement officers often do nothing, so allowing the perpetrators of the abuse to take the blame. This violates not just the rights of the victims but also sends the message that violence against women is acceptable. One of the most significant issues that has to be addressed is the fact that women in India are misusing the judicial system. In accordance with the provisions of the Indian Constitution, which guarantees gender equality, it is the responsibility of the government to ensure that women are afforded equal rights and opportunities. It is imperative that we take precautions to prevent women from exploiting the legal system and to ensure that they are afforded enough protection against discrimination on the basis of their gender. Furthermore, individuals who are culpable for this crime should be subjected to the full force of the law, and victims of gender-based violence should get proper assistance and protection while they are victims.

GENDER DISCRIMINATION

Over the course of the last several years, there has been a significant amount of attention paid to the grave issue of women in India misusing the judicial system. The fact that women in India are often subjected to discrimination and do not have equal rights and opportunities contributes to the existence of gender bias in many aspects of Indian society. However, the fact that women often take advantage of the judicial system just helps to exacerbate the gender bias that already exists. Throughout the history of the legal system, there have been several instances of women attaining their objectives, sometimes at the expense of men. This behaviour is not only inappropriate from a moral standpoint, but it also goes against the Constitution. In the Indian Constitution, there is no section that specifically addresses the issue of gender equality. Over the course of its history, the Constitution has been subjected to several amendments in order to ensure that women are afforded equal legal protection. It is a fundamental human right to ensure that women are protected from any kind of discrimination, regardless of circumstances. Despite this, prejudice against women continues to exist in many aspects of society, such as the marriage market, the job, and educational institutions. In India, the most prevalent instances of women misusing the judicial system are those that include domestic violence and offences involving dowries. According to Indian law, crimes that include dowries are considered to be of a criminal character and entail criminal consequences. Instead, women often create charges of dowry harassment against their husbands or in-laws in order to achieve what they want in a divorce or property dispute. This is done in order to get what they want. Because of this misuse, men are deprived of the rights that are rightfully theirs, in addition to eroding the value of the law. To add insult to injury, when confronted with charges of domestic violence, law enforcement officers often do nothing, so allowing the perpetrators of the abuse to take the blame. This violates not just the rights of the victims but also sends the message that violence against women is acceptable. One of the most significant issues that has to be addressed is the fact that women in India are misusing the judicial system. In accordance with the provisions of the Indian Constitution, which guarantees gender equality, it is the responsibility of the government to ensure that women are afforded equal rights and opportunities. It is imperative that we take precautions to prevent women from exploiting the legal system and to ensure that they are afforded enough protection against discrimination on the basis of their gender. Furthermore, individuals who are culpable for this crime should be subjected to the full force of the law, and victims of gender-based violence should get proper assistance and protection while they are victims.

Equipment for the Detection of People Falling

There are people whose state of health requires permanent supervision. There are a number of medical or aging-related conditions that can have quite an impact on the daily life of these people, therefore, in order to provide them with proper assistance and care, various health monitoring devices have been developed. This article proposes the use of advanced technologies with the help of which we can observe and record the changes in the position of a person with such problems. The equipment has a sensor that can determine the position of the body by measuring the height from the ground. The device can be integrated into a belt or bracelet to record data in real time. This data is analyzed and interpreted by means of a program. The program can detect changes in posture, providing notifications and alerts when the person has suffered a fall. Greatly simplifying surveillance, the device also provides an objective assessment of a person's balance ability. Since each person has a specific posture and movement, the developed device must be tested and adapted to adjust the coefficients in the program, to avoid the triggering of false events.

Effectiveness of motivational agents on reducing foreign language anxiety

Utilizing resources focused on artificial intelligence (A.I.) and its influence on education, this paper analyzes the impact of “animated agents” to aid students in learning and understanding a new language. We used these articles to understand the effect that A.I. has on the anxiety levels of students and how these learners respond to differing motivational agents. Foreign Language Anxiety (FLA) is a term used to describe the stress exhibited by learners of a new language, specifically when being negatively evaluated by others or when perceiving an inability in themselves. FLA is a major barrier when it comes to the overall growth of a student and his/her proficiency in the new language, as it increases stress and decreases motivation to learn by making students think that they are not good enough. Because this has led to a notable decline in learners’ performance in that subject, pedagogical methods have been developed and examined to provide emotional support. With a group of 56 students and an e-learning system, researchers utilized either motivational or explanatory feedback through the use of text, voice, or animated agents (characters that can engage students and present information), and measured anxiety levels across the different combinations. While the motivational support of an agent was most sufficient, gender played a big role in the efficacy of different pedagogical methods; therefore, incorporating the gender of the learner into artificial intelligence systems and animated agents in the future would personalize feedback in forms that males and females can better take in and implement. To provide more equity in education, these results can be applied to other anxiety barriers that actively prevent students from developing the skills essential for their learning. With the proper assistance from A.I., FLA can become a thing of the past, and language learners can no longer suffer from the stress of learning something entirely new.

Peran Pembimbing Kemasyarakatan dalam Penanganan Anak yang Berhadapan dengan Hukum

Children involved in legal problems (ABH) need proper assistance and guidance in order to get protection, rehabilitation, and opportunities to improve their behavior and future. The purpose of this study is to explore and understand the role of community supervisors in handling children in conflict with the law. This research uses qualitative research methods. The data collection technique was carried out by literature study. The data that has been collected is then analyzed using three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed that community supervisors have an important role in handling ABH. The role of community supervisors includes helping ABH to understand their rights and obligations as ABH, helping ABH to undergo the legal process properly, helping ABH to return to society properly, and helping ABH to become good citizens.

Surviving in the Post-Repatriation Era: Challenges and Opportunities for Papuan refugees after returning from Papua New Guinea

Although many studies have been carried out on the living conditions of Papuan refugees in Papua New Guinea, little is known about what happens to them once they have been repatriated to the Indonesian province of Papua. This study seeks to fill this void. By focusing on two areas of repatriants’ settlement in Papua Province (Kwimi village of Keerom and Nasem village of Merauke), this article examines their living conditions in the post-repatriation period and identify ways in which the Indonesian government can improve its repatriation program. Data were gathered through focus group discussions, observation, and library research between the second and third week of December 2021. This research, based on a qualitative descriptive approach, found that Papuan repatriants faced difficulties adjusting to life after repatriation. Among their challenges are reintegrating into the community, finding employment, funding their children’s education, gaining livelihoods, and clashing with land settlements. These difficulties stem from the government’s inability to provide proper assistance to repatriated individuals within the first five years of their settlement, which results in challenges for them during the reintegration process. This research also offers recommendations for Indonesia’s central and local governments to formulate a coordinated policy in handling repatriants; develop a project plan in the first five years covering the principles of safety, protection, mentoring, empowerment; and consider the repatriation issue in the country’s best interest. Keywords: Papua; Papua New Guinea; repatriants; refugee

Participation of the Defender in the Pre-Trial form of Appeal

Relevance. Appeal in criminal proceedings is extended to all stages and proceedings. The right to appeal has been elevated to the rank of a criminal procedural principle and is included in the procedural status of almost every participant. The scale of the implementation of the right to appeal, the lack of uniform practice and its proper provision determine the relevance of research in this area. A special place in the system of ensuring the right to appeal is occupied by the defender, who does not always have both sufficient powers and means of their implementation.The purpose of the study is to determine the optimal legislative regulation of the procedural status of a defender in a pre-trial criminal procedural appeal.Objectives: study of theoretical developments and provisions of criminal procedure legislation in terms of regulating the procedural status of the defender in the field of appeal; development of the author's position on the proper and possible procedural position of the defender in this area.Methodology. Traditional general scientific, private scientific and special methods were used.Results. A set of new knowledge about the procedural potential of a defense lawyer in criminal procedural appeal at the pre-trial stages of criminal proceedings.Conclusions. To optimize the procedural regulation of the defender's status and to ensure proper assistance to the principal in the implementation of appeal actions. It is offered: supplement Part 5 of Article 125 of the Code of Criminal Procedure with the powers of the court to decide on the return of the complaint for its resubmission; determine the specific grounds for leaving the complaint without consideration (adding Article 125 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation with a new part 5.1); supplement the content of Article 123 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation with a new part 1.1 – requirements for drawing up a complaint.In the field of appeal, it is necessary to actively introduce digital resources. To do this, it is necessary to establish additional requirements for the design and content of an electronic complaint, to ensure the preservation of attorney-client confidentiality when forwarding, storing an electronic document, archiving it, etc.

A Feasibility Study of Piecewise Phase Variable Based on Variable Toe-Off for the Powered Prosthesis Control: A Case Study

To achieve stable walking and provide proper assistance, it is crucial to have synchronized control of the prosthesis, treating the user and the prosthesis as a coupled system. Additionally, speed adaptability is important for controlling the prosthesis at different walking speeds. One approach to achieving this is by using a phase variable to estimate the user's gait phase and control the prosthesis in synchrony with the user. However, the current phase variable (i.e., PV) cannot reflect variable toe-off timing at different speeds, although individuals have different toe-off timings per walking speed. To address this issue, we propose a piecewise phase variable (i.e., PW-PV) that can be adjusted for different toe-off timings while estimating the user's gait phase at various walking speeds. As a case study, we conducted a treadmill walking experiment with two participants (i.e., one healthy and one amputee) using a custom-built powered prosthesis. We collected and analyzed joint kinematics, kinetics, and ground reaction force data to validate the feasibility of the PW-PV. The use of the PW-PV resulted in both participants experiencing faster load transfer and a more natural rollover while walking. This allowed healthy and amputee participants to walk with longer push-off durations of 10.6% and 15.2%, respectively, and greater ankle push-off work of 7.3% and 16.9%. Furthermore, with the PW-PV, the amputee participant demonstrated higher vertical ground reaction forces of 5.4% and 4.7% on her prosthesis side leg during load acceptance and push-off periods, potentially suggesting increased confidence in using the prosthesis. We anticipate that by using the proposed phase variable, we will be able to provide more appropriate and timely assistance to individuals at variable walking speeds.

Scoring Card for Characteristics of Mother, Child, and Environtment in Early Stunting Detection Efforts

Stunted children at an early age have lower fluid intelligence. 48.6% of children aged 7-8 years have less cognitive ability. This study uses a case-control research design. The sample in this study included 113 case groups and 113 control groups. The independent variables in this study were maternal anemia, Choric Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women, pregnancy complications, maternal infection history, smoking habits, mother's height, age at pregnancy, mother's education, birth weight, birth length, gender of the baby, history of diarrheal infection, ARI, gestational age during pregnancy, birth gap, exclusive breastfeeding, weaning food, helminthiasis, child immunization, clean water, and family income. The dependent variable in this study is the incidence of stunting in children under five. The results showed that the variables related to stunting were maternal anemia, CED in pregnant women, mother's height, age at pregnancy, mother's education, birth weight, birth length, baby's gender, history of diarrheal infection, ARI, helminthiasis, and income. The analysis using the ROC obtained a confidence value of 8.5, which means very good, and the cut-off point that can be used in determining the risk of stunting is 8.5. It is necessary to socialize the use of stunting scoring cards to carry out early detection of toddlers to find out whether there is a risk of stunting so health workers can carry out proper assistance to apply the prevention efforts.

CREATION OF ECOLOGISTIC ENTERPRISES OF THE FOOD AND PROCESSING INDUSTRY IN WESTERN UKRAINE

The expediency, need and stages of the development of environmental science as a type of innovative activity, the purpose of which is to preserve the environment and environmental ecology, are analyzed. As an example, the effectiveness of the step-by-step introduction of ecological activities is illustrated at the processing and food industry enterprises of Western Ukraine. It has been proven that the formation of effective ecological activities cannot be done without the proper assistance of local self-government bodies and state authorities. It has been proven that with the thoughtful guidance and assistance of local self-government bodies, the processing of organic waste can be economically beneficial both for producers of food and processing industries, and for residents of local communities. The following are proposed as the main stages of implementation of effective ecological activities on the territory of local communities: – construction of regional power plants and energy installations for the production of electricity by burning biogas; – purchase and efficient operation of equipment for processing organic waste into biogas; – establishment of operational collection, sorting and processing of industrial waste; – strict control over the inadmissibility of violations by producers of sanitary and hygienic norms and requirements for waste water and waste disposal. It was noted that for the effective integration of ecology into the economy of the state through the creation of ecological enterprises, the legislative implementation of an effective environmental strategy is necessary, which will be the main competitive advantage of the enterprise in modern business conditions.

EFL Instructors’ Micro-Scaffolding in Writing Classrooms: The Case of Wollega University, Ethiopia

The study aimed at measuring the extent to which EFL teachers provide assistance to their students in classroom interactions by writing lessons of Communicative English Language Skills II at the micro level of scaffolding. Case study design was used to achieve the objective of the study. Data was gathered from six English instructors of Wollega University who were selected purposively. The teachers were video recorded while teaching writing lessons. Then the data were transcribed into text. Next, interactional extracts were identified and coded for contingency using van de Poll's (2012) model of contingency shift framework (CSF) and the results were quantified by frequency and percentages. The finding indicated that the teachers began an interaction with high level of control in most interactions, which hinders them to identify their students’ actual knowledge level. Most of their interactions in the writing classroom became noncontingent and partially contingent. Dominantly, the study reviled that in longer interactions, which could help learners to construct knowledge, teachers were not able to adjust their interactional moves according to the students’ understanding level. Thus, it was concluded that EFL teachers were not properly scaffolding the development of students’ learning. This urges teachers to give attention to the concept of scaffolding in their teaching to provide proper assistance for their learners in classroom interactions.

PELATIHAN KOPERASI BAGI IBU-IBU PKK DALAM MENGGERAK UKM SEKTOR PARIWISATA DI PULAU NGENANG KOTA BATAM

Servants do this because they know that this cooperative is very useful, so the community must take advantage of this cooperative where the benefits of communicating cooperatives to people or associations who still feel inadequate or need proper assistance that are not burdensome.This service is carried out by visiting the destination, which is a method of analysis and solving the problem by providing theoretical guidance, which this time took place on Ngenang Island, Batam in September 2022 and the participants were PKK women and Kopersi managementSince. Ngenang is an island whose village is in Nongsa sub-district, Batam City, Riau Archipelago, Indonesia. The area is 81.47 km², with a density of 18 people/km². There are 4 RTs and 1 RW with the smallest population in the city of Batam in 2022 of 1,473 people, snce 20 years ago, Ngenang Island has been touched by the government, especially the tourism service, but people's understanding is still too low. This cooperative on Ngenang Island has been formed since 2018 but has been neglected, on this island there is already a Joint Business Group (KUB) in the field of fishermen and Batik crafts.

Locating Health and Treatment Centers (Hospitals) with a Passive Defense Approach; Case Study: Babil City

The application of the principles and requirements of passive defense in urban spaces and facilities has attracted special attention in the country. Health care service centers are one of the centers that are directly involved in ensuring the health of the individual and society. Since the duty of the hospital is to respond to its users and to treat them, and this response should be as complete and useful as possible, it is believed that the proper assistance, facilitating the access of patients to treatment places depends on the correct location of the hospital and quick and timely access to these centers is very important and necessary during crises. In most cities, the lack of appropriate allocation of space and optimal placement of medical centers (hospitals) and the number of effective factors in the location of these centers has led to an increasing number of urban and citizen problems. This research seeks to optimally distribute the use of medical services in the city of Babol by observing the rules of passive defense. In this research, spatial data was prepared from digital and linear maps, and descriptive data was collected using statistics and field research and connected to the database. Then, for each of the influencing factors in the location of treatment centers (hospitals), related layers were prepared and the privacy of users was specified in each layer; the results of the integration of the information layers, the lands of the desired area for choosing the right place for healthcare use were divided into five categories: very excellent, excellent, good, average and poor, and finally the very excellent and excellent category lands for the construction of health-treatment centers were determined.

Using the Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency for the Problem of Identifying Shrimp Diseases with State Description Text

With the increasing demand for research on shrimp disease recognition to assist far-off farmers who need the proper assistance for their shrimp farming, shrimp disease prediction research is still in the initial stage. Most current methods utilize vision-based models, which mainly face challenges: symptom detection and image quality. Meanwhile, there are few researches which are language-based to get over the issues. In this study, we will experiment with natural language processing based on recognizing shrimp diseases; based on descriptions of shrimp status. This study provides an efficient solution for classifying multiple diseases in shrimp. We will compare different machine learning models and deep learning models (SVM, Logistic Regression, Multinomial Naive Bayes, (a4) Bernoulli Naive Bayes, Random forest, DNN, LSTM, GRU, BRNN, RCNN) in terms of accuracy and performance. The study also evaluates the TF-IDF technique in feature extraction. Data were collected for 12 types of shrimp diseases with 1,037 descriptions. Firstly, the data is preprocessed with standardised Vietnamese accent typing, tokenized words, converted to lowercase, removed unnecessary characters and stopwords. Then, TF-IDF is utilized to express the text feature weight. Machine learning-based and deep learning-based models are trained. The experimental results show that Random forest (F1-Score micro: 98%) and DNN (Validation accuracy: 84%) are the most efficient models.