Talent Promotion Research Articles

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Lifestyle modification for mental health and well-being.

Unhealthy life-style leads to mental ill-health and poor quality of life and is the major determinant of a wide range of lifestyle disorders. The aim was to 1) review the work relating to life style modification for promoting mental health and 2) Present recommendations on life-style modification for mental health and wellbeing. The work on life style changes for promotion of mental health was retrieved from the scientific literature and critically reviewed. Recommendations on 'Life-style modification for mental health and wellbeing' are presented. 20 specific components of healthy life style included are: Routine, time management, prayer, basic activities, reading newspaper, study/work, exercise, recreation/ relaxation/ talent promotion, education, cognitive activities, social networking, guidelines for behavior, peer group, social group, marriage/family, life skills, physical health, health education, mobile use, and digital media. The lifestyle modification package is comprehensive and geared to promote mental health and well-being.

Participation patterns in talent development in youth sports.

There has been a longstanding debate about the question: What amounts of what types of youth sport activities optimally facilitate later athletic excellence? This article provides a review of relevant research. We first evaluate popular conceptualizations of participation patterns-early specialization, deliberate practice, and deliberate play. Then, we review the available evidence on associations between performance and individual participation variables. The review reveals conceptual, definitional, and empirical flaws of the conceptions of early specialization, deliberate practice, and deliberate play. These approaches thus possess limited usefulness for empirical research. A review of studies considering individual, clearly defined participation variables provides a differentiated pattern of findings: Predictors of rapid junior performance and of long-term senior performance are opposite. Higher-performing juniors, compared to lower-performing peers, started playing their main sport, began involvement in talent promotion programs, and reached developmental performance milestones at younger ages, while accumulating larger amounts of coach-led main-sport practice, but less other-sports practice. In contrast, senior world-class athletes, compared to less-accomplished national-class peers, started playing their main sport, began involvement in talent promotion programs, and achieved performance milestones at older ages, while accumulating less coach-led main-sport practice, but more other-sports practice. We discuss implications for theory, practice, and future research.

Career management in digital age: a study of leadership’s competencies and practices applied for IT professionals

Purpose: this research seeks to identify the main competencies and career management practices applied by leaders of large IT services organizations, highlighting them in degrees of relevance for career guidance for technical teams between Generations X and Y coexisting in the Digital Age. Additionally, the research factors a major transformation in the work relationships environment, turning to the full remote mode, besides the digital acceleration caused by the coronavirus pandemic in Brazil during 2020. Design/Methodology/approach: the research was carried out with a qualitative methodology, with in-depth interviews with a semi-structured script, portraying the experiences of top leaders. Findings: highlights as relevant competencies: the importance of the manager's role as to career guidance, management skills of generational expectations, leadership style oriented to the knowledge worker, besides the affiliative aspects in the relationship with the employees. As for management practices, highlights: training diagnostic, frequent communication, promotion of talents with high potential, adaptation of career plans, adoption of a differentiated coaching process for each generation and, above all, encouragement of the employee's protagonism throughout the career planning process. Research limitations: the study has limitations regarding companies’ profiles with restricted instruments related to human resources’ methodologies, proper people’s development tools, or internal support developing talent and minimum maturity processes for managers leading career development counting with Information Technology business orientation in Brazil. Originality/value: significant contribution regarding career management in a remote work environment with 2 generations co-existing in an accelerated digitalization season.

The global evolution of talent promotion within Olympic sports: A focus on the national systems and contribution of the former German Democratic Republic, Australia, and the United Kingdom.

In this chapter we chronicle and explore the global evolution of national level talent promotion through the lens and respective journeys of the former German Democratic Republic, Australia and the United Kingdom. Whilst ideologically vastly different, core elements of talent promotion were mirrored and extended within the next national iteration. Key learnings obtained from this historical and comparative exploration serve to provide excellent learnings for policy makers, strategists, practitioners and researchers to support the review and development of current and future national talent promotion systems.

Assessing biological maturity timing by MRI and coaches’ eye in elite youth soccer players: A comparison between objective and subjective diagnostics utilizing correlation and single case analyses

The importance of considering information related to athletes’ biological maturation within talent identification and development processes is frequently emphasized by both sport scientists and practitioners. Although there is evidence for the use of objective diagnostics for assessing biological maturation, little is known about its subjective determinations by coaches. Such approaches are particularly relevant when scientific support is limited. Therefore, the current study aimed to compare a practical subjective approach (coaches’ eye) to assess biological maturity timing (BMT) with objective reference diagnostics (MRI). For this purpose, data were collected from 63 male elite soccer players of the U12 and U14 age group who were part of the German talent promotion program. Players’ BMT (i.e., skeletal – chronological age) was assessed by MRI and a subjective rating of two coaches. Data analyses revealed high-rank correlations ( rs = .55; p < .001) for the total sample as well as for U14 players ( rs = .65; p < .001) and moderate rank correlations for U12 players ( rs = .42; p < .05). Single case analyses showed substantial agreements between the diagnostics. However, particularly for U12 players, judgements did not always correspond with the MRI rankings. Although coaches seem to have the ability for recognizing the earliest and latest maturing players in the sample, inconsistencies exist in single cases, especially for players that were identified on-time by objective MRI diagnostics. Although utilizing subjective coach assessments as an alone-standing tool to assess a player's BMT is not recommended in applied practice, its use can be beneficial when applied in addition to common objective diagnostics or in circumstances where objective data are not available.

The analytic hierarchy process as an innovative way to enable stakeholder engagement for sustainability reporting in the food industry

AbstractThe sustainable transition, which requires a combination of natural and human resources to foster the development and protection of ecosystems, is a challenge of civil society. New approaches may be proposed to support enterprises in identifying the appropriate strategic criteria for their sustainability initiatives, which are eventually documented in corporate sustainability reports. The present paper focuses on the food industry, particularly with regard to pasta production.The analytic hierarchy process method was used to assign relevance to sustainability criteria, according to the judgment of 10 academic experts. The initial criteria were selected from the sustainability reports of a virtuous and Italian pasta producer, La Molisana S.p.A., and divided into four categories: (1) people and community, (2) innovation and new product development, (3) commitment to the environment and (4) local supply chain and traceability. Promotion of social and economic development in the local community emerged as the most relevant criterion, followed by business development and promotion of talent. The people and community category was deemed most strategic for sustainability, while social and economic dimensions were given less relevance. Stakeholder engagement was proposed as an order winner for sustainable strategies.The present work has relevant methodological implications, as it shows that the analytic hierarchy process, applied in conjunction with a sustainability materiality matrix, may provide new and useful information for strategy and communication. In terms of operational implications, an enterprise’s historical connection to an area may attract global recognition and increase brand value through higher raw material quality, the harmonisation of human and natural resources, and synergy with the tourism industry.

Immunogenicity, durability, and safety of an mRNA and three platform-based COVID-19 vaccines as a third dose following two doses of CoronaVac in China: A randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.

BackgroundMore effective vaccine candidates against variants of concern as a booster dose are needed in people primed with two-dose inactivated COVID-19 vaccines.MethodsThis randomised, double-blinded, investigator-initiated phase 2 trial aims to evaluate immunogenicity, durability, and safety of an mRNA vaccine candidate (RQ3013) and three other platform vaccines (an adenovirus-vectored vaccine candidate [ChAdTS-S], a recombinant protein vaccine candidate [ZR202-CoV], and an inactivated vaccine [CoronaVac]) as a booster. 250 eligible volunteers, who had received a prime two-dose CoronaVac (3 to 5 weeks apart) vaccination 100-270 days before, were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1:1:1 ratio to receive a third dose of RQ3013 (30 μg mRNA per 0.15 mL), ChAdTS-S (5×1010 viral particles per 0.5 mL), ZR202-CoV (25 μg prefusion-stabilized Spike ectodomain trimer per 0.5 mL), CoronaVac (3 μg inactivated CN02 strain of SARS-CoV-2 per 0.5 mL) or placebo (0.5 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride solution) via intramuscular injection into the upper arm at a single clinical site in Kunming, China. Participants, investigators, and immunogenicity laboratory were masked to group assignment. The primary immunogenicity outcomes were geometric mean titres (GMTs) of neutralising antibodies against live SARS-CoV-2 (wild-type, delta and omicron) virus at day 0 (before vaccination), day 7, day 14 and day 28 after vaccination, as analysed in a modified intention-to-treat (mITT) population (all participants who completed their booster doses and had at least one post-dose immunogenicity data). Secondary outcomes include T cell responses against the wild-type and omicron SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. The primary safety outcome was incidence of adverse events within 14 days after the booster vaccination. This trial is registered with ChiCTR.org.cn, ChiCTR2200057758.FindingsBetween January 1, 2022, and February 28, 2022, 235 eligible participants were enrolled and vaccinated, and the primary analysis included 234 participants. At baseline, neutralising antibodies against wild-type virus, the delta, or omicron variants were low or undetectable in all groups. After the booster vaccination, GMTs of neutralising antibodies ranged from 75.4 (95% confidence interval [CI] 61.4-92.5) in CoronaVac to 950.1 (95% CI 785.4-1149.3) in RQ3013 against live wild-type SARS-CoV-2, and from 8.1 (95% CI: 6.1-10.7) in CoronaVac to 247.0 (95% CI 194.1-314.3) in RQ3013 against the omicron variant at day 14. Immunogenicities of all heterologous regimens were superior to that of homologous regimen in neutralisation against all tested SARS-CoV-2 strains, with RQ3013 showing the highest geometric mean ratios (GMRs) of 12.6, 14.7, and 31.3 against the wild-type, the delta variant and the omicron variant compared to CoronaVac at day 14 post-vaccination, respectively. Durability analysis at day 90 showed that >90% of participants in RQ3013 and ZR202-CoV were seropositive for the omicron variant while ZR202-CoV with adjuvants containing CpG showed a slightly better durability than RQ3013. T cell responses specific to the omicron variant were similar to that of the wild-type, with RQ3013 showing the highest boosting effect. Any solicited injection site or systemic adverse events reported within 14 days after vaccination were most commonly observed in RQ3013 (47/47, 100%), followed by ZR202-CoV (46/47, 97.9%) and ChAdTS-S (43/48, 89.6%), and then CoronaVac (37/46, 80.4%) and placebo (21/47, 44.7%). More than 90% of the adverse events were grade 1 (mild) or 2 (moderate) with a typical resolution time of 3 days. No grade 4 adverse events or serious adverse events were reported by study vaccines.InterpretationAlthough all study vaccines boosted neutralising antibodies with no safety concerns, RQ3013 showed much stronger cross-neutralisation and cellular responses, adding more effective vaccine candidates against the omicron variant.FundingYunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department China (202102AA100051 and 202003AC100010), the Double First-class University funding to Yunnan University, National Natural Science Foundation of China (81960116, 82060368 and 82170711), Yunnan Natural Science Foundation (202001AT070085), High-level Health Technical Personnel Project of Yunnan Province (H-2018102) and Spring City Plan: The High-level Talent Promotion and Training Project of Kunming.

論明末清初女性詞評出現“林下風”傾向的内涵與社會文化意義

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
 明末清初（約明代崇禎年間到清代康熙年間），女性詞評出現一股“林下風”傾向的潮流：即用“林下風”作爲正面批評女性詞的標準，頻繁出現於明末清初涉及女性詞評的文獻中，而其中詞評部分佔最大比例的是對晚明和清初女詞人的評論。明末清初對女性詞評的“林下風”傾向與當時詞壇的風氣轉變密切相關。明代中期以來在尊崇婉約及易安體爲正宗的詞壇背景下，女性詞受到了空前的重視和揄揚。評論女詞人著意强化“林下風”，其實標舉的是女性詞人其詞具有男性詞人的“閒雅”、“淡遠”、“混茫”的風格内涵，與“儂婉”、“纖佻”、具有“脂粉之態”的閨秀詞是相異的，這具有言過其實的成分，其實是有意將女詞人抬舉到名士的地位，這是顛倒性别的批評名士化的傾向，其名士内涵是風雅儒生、有才文士。這根源於明末清初出現才女“名士化”傾向的社會文化背景：包括推崇“才情”的女性觀；“女務外學”的社會背景；才女品藻的名士化傾向。從中可看出，女性的詞體創作地位在當時文壇得到較大提升，女性的社會文化地位也在一定程度上得到提升。但也是女性詞評無法突破以男性爲中心批評標準的體現，女性仍然是在男權的社會框架下處於弱勢的社會文化地位。
 The “Style of Under-the-Grove” became a standard, positive appraisal of ci- poems by woman writers, which is frequently found in documents of the late Ming to early Qing times (mid to late 17th century) that involve criticism of ci-poems by woman writers. This trend of identifying the “Style of Under-the-Grove” in the remarks on ci-poems by woman writers of the time is closely related to the changes in the poetic arena. Since the middle of the Ming when the feminine ci style of the past enjoyed high esteem, the works by woman writers were given unprecedented attention and praise. The emphasis on the “Style of Under-the-Grove” in the remarks on ci poetesses is a purposeful act of highlighting the “elegant,” “remote,” and “unrestrained” styles, which are usually found in works by male poets. These styles differ drastically from the typical boudoir ci-poems marked by “subtlety,” “delicateness,” and “bearings of rouge and makeup.” These kinds of remarks are exaggerating; their real intent was to raise the status of these poetesses to the same level as the renowned scholars of the time. This is a trend of reversing gender priority and a criticism of making renowned scholars, an appellation for elegant intellectuals and talented scholars. This trend originated in the socio-cultural context of late Ming and early Qing times, when talented women were compared with and even “made” scholars of great renown. This context included the promotion of talents of ladies, pursuing “external studies,” and evaluating talented women by adopting the standard of a male scholar of renown. It can be seen that the status of ci writing by female poets saw a significant rise, and the socio-cultural status of women was also raised to a certain extent. However, it also reflects that remarks of ci-poetry by women cannot break through the standard of male-centered criticism. Women were still in a weak socio-cultural position under the patriarchal social framework.

DAP10 integration in CAR-T cells enhances the killing of heterogeneous tumors by harnessing endogenous NKG2D

Although chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells have achieved remarkable successes in hematological malignancies, the efficacies of CAR-T cells against solid tumors remains unsatisfactory. Heterogeneous antigen expression is one of the obstacles on its effective elimination of solid cancer cells. DNAX-activating protein 10 (DAP10) interacts with natural killer group 2D (NKG2D), acting as an adaptor that targets various malignant cells for surveillance. Here, we designed a DAP10 chimeric receptor that utilized native NKG2D on T cells to target NKG2D ligand-expressing cancer cells. We then tandemly incorporated it with anti-glypican 3 (GPC3) single-chain variable fragment (scFv) to construct a dual-antigen-targeting system. T cells expressing DAP10 chimeric receptor (DAP10-T cells) displayed with an enhancement on both cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion against solid cancer cell lines, and its tandem connection with anti-GPC3 scFv (CAR GPC3-DAP10-T cells) exhibited a dual-antigen-targeting capacity on eliminating heterogeneous cancer cells in vitro and suppressing the growth of heterogeneous cancer in vivo. Thus, this novel dual-targeting system enabled a high efficacy on killing cancer cells and extended the recognition profile of CAR-T cells toward tumors, which providing a potential strategy on treatment of solid cancer clinically.

Talent Identification in Youth Soccer: Prognosis of U17 Soccer Performance on the Basis of General Athleticism and Talent Promotion Interventions in Second-Grade Children.

Several talent identification programs in elementary school have implemented motor diagnostics to introduce children to groups of sports, like game sports, or even to particular sports like soccer. However, as in most other sports, in youth soccer, the predictive value of such early testing is still unclear. This prospective study evaluated the midterm prognostic validity of generic motor performance tests. The sample consisted of male second-grade children, which had received a recommendation to participate in soccer. The talent screening campaign was a basic check comprising two anthropometric parameters, five physical fitness, and three motor competence diagnostics of the German Motor Test 6–18. The test data were collected from the participating elementary school classes of the years 2010 to 2014. The soccer competition performance of those children having completed the age of at least 15 years (n = 502) up to the end of the season 2019/2020 (2020, September 30) was recorded. This group of U17 players was then assigned individually to five different competition levels. The prognostic validity of the physical and physiological tests was determined using ANOVAs, odds ratios, and a regression path analysis. All diagnostic methods exhibited medium-to-high prognostic validity over the 8 year time span from the talent screening to the later soccer competitions in the adolescent age groups. For later success in soccer on the province level, the 6-min run (OR = 4.28), dynamic balance (OR = 4.04), and 20-m sprint (OR = 2.46), as well as the participation in the training center of the German Soccer Federation (OR = 5.67) and the diversity of club sport activities (OR = 3.56), were of particular importance.

Relative Age-Related Biases in Objective and Subjective Assessments of Performance in Talented Youth Soccer Players.

Talent research has recommended that multidimensional assessments of performance are needed to improve the identification and development of talented young athletes. However, factors such as the relative age effect may cloud our ability to assess factors related to performance. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of any relationship between soccer players' chronological and relative age, and objective and subjective performance assessments. Data for highly talented male soccer players selected into the German Soccer Associations' talent promotion program (N = 16,138) for U12 to U15 age groups (Mage = 12.62 ± 1.04 years) were examined. Besides anthropometric assessments, players completed a battery of five motor tests that objectively assessed speed abilities and technical skills (specifically sprint, agility, dribbling, ball control, and juggling). In addition, coaches subjectively rated players on their kicking, tactical, and psychosocial skills, as well as providing holistic evaluations of each player's current and future performance levels. Correlation analyses were used to investigate the extent of any relationships between the chronological and relative age of players and their results for each of the assessments. A strong linear decrease in the frequency of later-born players confirmed the overrepresentation of early-born players in all age groups (0.92 ≤ |r| ≤ 0.95, each p < 0.001). From U12 to U15, significant (each p < 0.001) correlations were found between the chronological age of players and their height (|r| = 0.70), weight (|r| = 0.69), speed abilities (|r| = 0.38), and technical skills (|r| = 0.43). When evaluating each age group separately, small effects were found when correlating relative age with the anthropometric assessments (0.18 ≤ |r| ≤ 0.26), and only trivial effects with speed abilities and technical skills (0.01 ≤ |r| ≤ 0.06). Similarly, low correlations were found for the subjective evaluations of kicking, tactical, and psychosocial skills with chronological age across age groups (0.03 ≤ |r| ≤ 0.07), and with relative age in each age group (0.01 ≤ |r| ≤ 0.11). The results show a skewed distribution toward early-born players and—in reference to their relative age—advanced performance in late-born athletes. However, trends toward a better holistic rating of early-born players for current and future performance levels were found. Coaches should be aware of these effects during talent selection, but also when interpreting results from subjective and objective assessments of performance.

Talent Promotion Programs and Management of Formal Education in Nigeria

This study examined talent promotion programs and management of formal education among youth in Nigeria. This quantitative study determined the perception of administrators and lecturers on the importance of personality development, sports, music and reality television shows towards effective management of formal education. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 45 participants in three departments at the University of Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Data was collected using a Talent Promotion Programs and Management of Formal Education Questionnaire (TPPMFEQ), and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that personality development, sports, music and reality television shows are important towards effective management of formal education. The findings indicate that the government should promote personality development of youth by upgrading the monetary value given to high achievers in school after completion of their programs or degree in order to spur more interest in appreciating education and shaping the behaviour of individuals. Also, the government should provide sports-academic scholarship schemes that would serve as criteria and support for talented youth in order to assist them in pursuing their dreams and ensuring that all citizens are catered for educationally. In addition, the government should also place more emphasis on music as a way of bringing about a better life for youth. As well, the government should ensure the effective regulation of television programs so that they are educative, meaningful and relevant to the progress of youth in order to empower and reduce the problem of unemployment and poverty among youth.

Thermodynamics and overcharging problem in extended phase space of charged AdS black holes with cloud of strings and quintessence under charged particle absorption * *Supported in part by NSFC (11747171), Natural Science Foundation of Chengdu University of TCM (ZRYY1729, ZRYY1921), Discipline Talent Promotion Program of /Xinglin Scholars (QNXZ2018050) and the key fund project for Education Department of Sichuan (18ZA0173)

The thermodynamics and overcharging problem in RN-AdS black holes with a cloud of strings and quintessence are investigated by the absorption of scalar particles and fermions in extended phase space. The cosmological constant is treated as the pressure of the black hole. The parameters related to quintessence and the cloud of strings are treated as thermodynamic variables. We find that the first law of thermodynamics is satisfied and the second law of thermodynamics is indefinite. Furthermore, we find that near-extremal and extremal black holes cannot be overcharged.

Creative management as dominant of innovative enterprises

The article is devoted to the substantiation of theoretical and methodological principles that define the conceptual platform of creative management processes as a dominant component of innovative enterprises. Approaches to the "creative management" concept interpretation are reviewed. It is substantiated that creative thinking makes it possible to change the vision of the world, the vision of the standard, as well as initiates new ideas. The principles, mechanisms, tools and methods of development and implementation of non-standard management decisions and management innovations are improved. The scientific view upon the creativity as the main criterion and target function of economic and socio-cultural development is substantiated. Peculiarities of personality creativity as individual capital provided by creative people working in the conditions of high technologies, promotion of talents and tolerance are revealed. It is proved that the introduction of a creative management system in modern enterprises allows to obtain competitive advantages not only within the domestic market, but also in the world markets. At the same time, the use of creative management tools allows managers to solve problems and take a creative approach to business management processes quickly. The implementation of this concept makes it possible to create a viable, effective management system for each enterprise, which ensures the permanent effectiveness of the formation and realization of business processes in all departments. Recommendations in the context of creative management development at the domestic enterprises are worked out, and also mechanisms of their practical effectuation are offered. The author's proposed recommendations can be used in the context of the formation of organizational and economic mechanism to ensure the effective intellectual potential use in innovative enterprises.

Minimal length effects on motion of a particle in Rindler space * *Supported in part by NSFC (11875196, 11375121, 11005016), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Natural Science Foundation of Chengdu University of TCM (ZRYY1729, ZRYY1921), Discipline Talent Promotion Program of /Xinglin Scholars(QNXZ2018050), the key fund project for Education Department of Sichuan (18ZA0173), the open fund of State

Various quantum theories of gravity predict the existence of a minimal measurable length. In this paper, we study effects of the minimal length on the motion of a particle in the Rindler space under a harmonic potential. This toy model captures key features of particle dynamics near a black hole horizon and allows us to make three observations. First, we find that chaotic behavior becomes stronger with increases in minimal length effects, leading predominantly to growth in the maximum Lyapunov characteristic exponents, while the KAM curves on Poincaré surfaces of a section tend to disintegrate into chaotic layers. Second, in the presence of the minimal length effects, it can take a finite amount of Rindler time for a particle to cross the Rindler horizon, which implies a shorter scrambling time of black holes. Finally, the model shows that some Lyapunov characteristic exponents can be greater than the surface gravity of the horizon, violating the recently conjectured universal upper bound. In short, our results reveal that quantum gravity effects may make black holes prone to more chaos and faster scrambling.

Biological Maturity Status in Elite Youth Soccer Players: A Comparison of Pragmatic Diagnostics With Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

The influence of biological maturity status (BMS) on talent identification and development within elite youth soccer is critically debated. During adolescence, maturity-related performance differences within the same age group may cause greater chances of being selected for early maturing players. Therefore, coaches need to consider players' BMS. While standard methods for assessing BMS in adolescents are expensive and time-consuming imaging techniques (i.e., X-ray and MRI), there also exist more pragmatic procedures. This study aimed to evaluate commonly used methods to assess BMS within a highly selected sample of youth soccer players. A total of N = 63 elite male soccer players (U12 and U14) within the German Soccer Association's talent promotion program completed a test battery assessing BMS outcomes. Utilizing MRI diagnostics, players' skeletal age (SAMRI) was determined by radiologists and served as the reference method. Further commonly used methods included skeletal age measured by an ultrasound device (SAUS), the maturity offset (MOMIR), and the percentage of adult height (PAHKR). The relation of these alternative BMS outcomes to SAMRI was examined using different perspectives: performing bivariate correlation analyses (1), modeling BMS as a latent variable (BMSlat) based on the multiple alternative diagnostics (2), and investigating individual differences in agreement (3). (1) Correlations of SAMRI and the further BMS variables ranked from r = 0.80 to r = 0.84 for the total sample and were lower for U12 (0.56 ≤ r ≤ 0.66), and U14 (0.61 ≤ r ≤ 0.74) (2). The latent structural equation modeling (SEM) (R2 = 51%) revealed a significant influence on BMSlat for MOMIR (β = 0.51, p <0.05). The additional contribution of PAHKR (β = 0.27, p = 0.06) and SAUS (β = −0.03, p = 0.90) was rather small (3). The investigation of individual differences between the reference method and alternative diagnostics indicated a significant bias for MOMIR (p <0.01). The results support the use of economical and time-efficient methods for assessing BMS within elite youth soccer. Bivariate correlation analyses as well as the multivariate latent variable approach highlight the measures' usefulness. However, the observed individual level differences for some of the utilized procedures led to the recommendation for practitioners to use at least two alternative assessment methods in order to receive more reliable information about players' BMS within the talent promotion process.

Analysis of Autophagy-Related Signatures Identified Two Distinct Subtypes for Evaluating the Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Predicting Prognosis in Ovarian Cancer

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is the gynecologic malignant tumor with the highest mortality rate. The interaction between autophagy and the tumor immune microenvironment(TIM) has clinical importance. Hence, it is necessary to explore reliable biomarkers associated with autophagy-related genes (ARGs) for risk stratification in OC. Methods: We obtained ARGs from the MSigDB database and downloaded the expression profile of OC from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The k-means unsupervised clustering method was applied to classify patients. The single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) method was used to quantify the levels of infiltration of 24 subtypes of immune cells. Metascape and GSEA were performed to reveal the differential gene enrichment in signaling pathways and cellular processes of the subtypes. Next, we established a risk signature by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and univariate Cox regression were used to evaluate the efficiency of the risk signature. Then, we analyzed the correlation between the risk score and 7 ARGs and immune checkpoints. Finally, we selected ULK2 and GABARAPL1 and verified their expression by qRT-PCR, WB and immunohistochemistry. Findings: We divided patients into the cluster A and cluster B subtypes. Our research confirmed that the patients in cluster A have a significantly longer survival time and a higher level of immune infiltration than the patients in cluster B. We established a signature for risk stratification, according to which we could divide the patients into high-or low-risk groups and predict their outcomes. Clinical correlation analysis found that the risk score is more reliable than other indicators for predicting disease-free survival (DFS). ULK2 and GABARAPL1 may play important roles in ovarian tumorigenesis and may be potential therapeutic targets in OC. Interpretation: The autophagy-related gene risk signature might be effective for risk stratification in OC. Moreover, our study provides a promising prognostic indicator that may predict the clinical efficacy of immunotherapy treatments. Funding Statement: This work was supported by the project of degree and postgraduate education and teaching reform in Hunan Province (JG2018A003),the National Science Foundation of China (81874137),the National Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2019JJ50308). the Outstanding Youth Foundation of Hunan Province (2018JJ1047), the Hunan Province Science and technology talent promotion project (2019TJ-Q10). Declaration of Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Ethics Approval Statement: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained at all participating sites, and all the participants provided signed, written, informed consent.

Are European Soccer Players Worth More If They Are Born Early in the Year? Relative Age Effect on Player Market Value.

The relative age effect (RAE) consists of the lower presence of members of an age group born in the months furthest from the age cut-off date established. In youth soccer, it is known that because of this effect the birth dates of more players in a team are closer to the cutoff of 1 January. These older players, due to their physical and psychological advantages, are more likely to be identified as talent. This study aimed to examine whether RAE can be identified in professional players of the top five European soccer leagues (Spain, Italy, England, Germany, and France) and to assess its influence on the perceived market value of the players. Market value data for 2577 players were obtained from the Transfermarkt database. A significant RAE was produced in all leagues (p < 0.05). However, this bias did not affect the market value of the professional elite soccer players examined here. Our observations indicate that, while the identification and promotion of talent at young ages are often biased by RAE, once players have reached the professional stage, the market value assigned to them is based more on factors other than their date of birth.

Structural, mechanical, and electronic properties of Zr – Te compounds from first-principles calculations**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11574254), the Key Research Project of Science and Technology Department of Shaanxi Province, China (Grant Nos. 2018GY-044 and 2017ZDXM-GY-114), the Innovation Talent Promotion Project of Shaanxi Province, China (Grant No. 2019KJXX-034), the Science and Technology Program

The first-principles calculations based on density functional theory are used to obtain structural, mechanical, and electronic properties of Zr–Te compounds. The optimized structural parameters are consistent with the available experimental data. The calculated mechanical properties and formation energy show that the Zr–Te compounds are all mechanically and thermodynamically stable. The bulk modulus B, shear modulus G, Young’s modulus E, Debye temperature ΘD, and sound velocity vm are listed, which are positively correlated with the increasing of atomic fraction of Zr. The behaviors of density of states of Zr–Te compounds are obtained. Furthermore, the electronic properties are discussed to clarify the bonding characteristics of compounds. The electronic characteristics demonstrate that the Zr–Te systems with different phases are both covalent and metallic.