Proliferation Rate Of Osteoblast Cells Research Articles

Biomimetic Janus chitin nanofiber membrane for potential guided bone regeneration application

Biopolymer-based membranes are at the forefront of the guided bone regeneration (GBR) in orthopaedics and dentistry, which prevent fast-growing soft tissue migration to the defected alveolar ridge or implants and allow the bone regeneration. In this study, we fabricated a novel Janus -two-faced, GBR membrane composed of a chitin nanofiber face for bone regeneration and a cell membrane mimetic antifouling 2-Methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) polymeric face for suppressing the migration of the soft tissue. In vitro cell study showed a higher cell proliferation rate of osteoblast cells on the chitin nanofiber surface and a lower proliferation rate of fibroblasts cells on the antifouling MPC side. An increased of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) rate was observed in the chitin nanofiber face, indicating the ability to maintain proliferation and differentiation of osteogenic cells. These results suggest the biomimetic Janus chitin membrane may have the potential to develop as an advance GBR membrane.

Physical, electrochemical, and biocompatibility characteristics of Ti-Al-N thin film synthesized by DC pulsed magnetron sputtering

Owing to the desired mechanical and biomedical characteristics of TiN-based coatings and the encourage features of pulsed magnetron sputtering, the current study was conducted to deposit Ti-Al-N thin film on AISI 316 using DC pulsed magnetron sputtering. All processing parameters were constant excluding the pulsed magnetron power which was varied from 100 to 175 W. The effect of processing power on the structure, mechanical, electrochemical, and biocompatibility characteristics of Ti-Al-N thin films were inspected. X-ray outlines the formation of (Ti, Al)N solid solution with (111) preferred orientation at high-pulsed magnetron powers. The outcomes of this study demonstrated that the Vickers’s microhardness of Ti-Al-N coatings increased with increasing pulsed power to record a value of nearly 810 HV0.015 at 175 W. Moreover, the wear characteristics and the friction coefficient of the coated AISI 316 with Ti-Al-N were ascendant as compared with the uncoated substrate. The wear rate of Ti-Al-N films deposited at pulsed power of 175 W recorded a value of nearly 4.7 × 10−6 mm3/Nm which was very low compared with that of stainless steel substrate (3.2 × 10−4 mm3/Nm). The biological peculiarities of Ti-Al-N films were examined by exploring the proliferation rate of MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells on the film surface. The results reflected that the proliferation rate of the osteoblast cells were enhanced on Ti-Al-N films deposited at pulsed powers of 150 and 175 W. The biological attitudes were discussed according to the results of surface roughness and surface energy besides the surface chemical compositions.

Effects of different Ca2+ level on fluoride-induced apoptosis pathway of endoplasmic reticulum in the rabbit osteoblast in vitro

In reviewing the literature, the cellular mechanism of fluoride F-induced osteoblast OB cells apoptosis is diverse and perplexing, but detailed regulatory pathway, targets and role of extracellular Ca2+ remains still unclear. Hence, in the present study, we investigated the effects of F (9 mg/L F ion) and different Ca2+ (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 mmol/L) levels treatment on the proliferation rate of osteoblast cells, intracellular free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress apoptosis pathway related gene levels of rabbit OB cells. Our results demonstrated that F exposure had a pronounced negative effect on osteoblast survival, further different Ca2+ levels treatment suggested that low concentration of Ca2+ (0.5–1 mmol/L) relieved the damaged effect, on the contrary, high concentration of Ca2+ (2–8 mmol/L) enhanced the effect. In addition, F significantly increased [Ca2+]i levels and the expression of ER stress-induced cell apoptosis pathway related genes. Treatment with 0.5–1 mmol/L Ca2+ markedly reversed the F-induced harmful effects, but high dose Ca2+ (2–8 mmol/L) enhanced these effects. In summary, 0.5–1 mmol/L Ca2+ can alleviate F-induced OB cells injure through ER stress apoptosis pathway, which provided a dose basis for the future study on the treatment of skeletal fluorosis with Ca2+.

Biocompatibility evaluation of HDPE‐UHMWPE reinforced β‐TCP nanocomposites using highly purified human osteoblast cells

Biocompatibility of β-TCP/HDPE-UHMWPE nanocomposite as a new bone substitute material was evaluated by using highly purified human osteoblast cells. Human osteoblast cells were isolated from bone tissue and characterized by immunofluorescence Staining before and after purification using magnetic bead system. Moreover, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase production, cell attachment, calcium deposition, gene expression, and morphology of osteoblast cells on β-TCP/HDPE-UHMWPE nanocomposites were evaluated. The results have shown that the human osteoblast cells were successfully purified and were suitable for subsequent cell culturing process. The high proliferation rate of osteoblast cells on β-TCP/HDPE-UHMWPE nanocomposite confirmed the great biocompatibility of the scaffold. Expression of bone-specific genes was taken place after the cells were incubated in composite extract solutions. Furthermore, osteoblast cells were able to mineralize the matrix next to composite samples. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that cells had normal morphology on the scaffold. Thus, these results indicated that the nanosized β-TCP/HDPE-UHMWPE blend composites could be potential scaffold, which is used in bone tissue engineering.

Biological evaluation of partially stabilized zirconia added HA/HDPE composites with osteoblast and fibroblast cell lines

In the present study, the biocompatibility of partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ) added hydroxyapatite (HA)--high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites was evaluated by proliferation and cell attachment assays on two osteoblast cell lines (G-292, Saos-2) and a type of fibroblast cell isolated from bone tissue namely HBF in different time intervals. Cell-material interactions on the surface of the composites were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of composites on the behavior of osteoblast and fibroblast cells was compared with those of HDPE and Tissue Culture Poly Styrene (TPS) (as negative control) samples. Results showed that the composite samples supported a higher proliferation rate of osteoblast cells in the presence of composite samples as compared to the HDPE and TPS samples after 3, 7 and 14 days of incubation period. It was showed that an equal or in some cases an even higher proliferation rate of G-292 and Saos-2 osteoblast cells on composite samples in compare to negative controls in culture period (P < 0.05). The number of adhered cells on the composite samples was equal and in some cases higher than the number adhered on the HDPE and TPS samples after the above mentioned incubation periods (P < 0.05). Adhered cells presented a normal morphology by SEM and many of the cells were seen to be undergoing cell division.

Ion-beam-sputtering/mixing deposition of calcium phosphate coatings. I. Effects of ion-mixing beams.

Ion-beam-sputtering/mixing deposition was used to produce thin calcium phosphate coatings on titanium substrate from the hydroxyapatite target. The mixing beam could be either Ar(+) or N(+) ions. It was found that as-deposited coatings were amorphous. No distinct peak of the hydroxyl group was observed in FTIR spectra of the coatings, but new spectral peaks, brought about during the deposition process, were present for CO(3)(2-). Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the deposited coatings had a uniform and dense structure. The calcium-to-phosphorous ratio of these coatings varied between 2.0 and 3.0. Compared with the calcium phosphate coatings produced by Ar(+) beam-mixing deposition, the calcium phosphate coatings produced by N(+) beam-mixing deposition exhibited a higher dissolution rate in the physiologic saline solution and showed a lower proliferation rate of osteoblast cells.