Types Of Projects Research Articles

The Role of Music Education in Activating the Theory of Multiple Intelligences in Our Educational Curriculum

Despite the acknowledgement of most researchers and those concerned with education and training issues regarding the importance of Gardner's theory in multiple intelligences, its implementation and application in education and training systems still face significant challenges and there is barely any noticeable impact of this theory. In terms of curriculum development there remains a lack of focus on fostering different types of intelligences and interdisciplinary educational projects that cater to the aspirations of all learners regardless of their talents—be it kinesthetic musical visual-spatial interpersonal intrapersonal etc. This goal remains out of reach. The same observation applies to educational activities in our classrooms, which are still far from embracing the spirit and philosophy of this theory. They neither acknowledge the various forms of intelligences nor aim to create any interaction between them. Furthermore, they fail to focus on enabling all learners to excel in the areas where they are naturally gifted. In this context, this study aims to emphasize the importance of the theory of multiple intelligences in improving our educational systems by examining the potential interactions between musical intelligence and other forms of intelligences based on scientific research findings. Additionally, it seeks to clarify how these interactions occur during an activity within the components of music education. Keywords: Intelligence, Multiple Intelligences, Musical Intelligence, Educational Activities, Music Education

Influence of Technical Reasons on Cost Overruns of Infrastructural Projects: A Sustainable Development Perspective

Cost overruns are a significant issue in infrastructure projects, adversely affecting not only economic performance but also sustainability goals by straining resources and extending project timelines. There is consensus among researchers about the persistence of cost overruns and the importance of accurate estimates. However, there are significant differences in the explanation of the reasons for the overruns. While we recognize the importance of understanding the reasons for cost overruns at all stages of project development, we have focused on the reasons for cost overruns after contract award due to the rarely available real and valid data collected at the source of the information. We analyze the deviations between actual and contracted costs, as well as the dependence of cost deviations of individual project types on the size of the contract. For example, the size of the tunnel significantly affects relative cost deviations, while for standard viaducts or road sections this effect is minimal. The results confirmed that cost overruns are less frequent in standard facilities than in those where the experience factor has little influence on the final cost estimate. For example, deviations in the average value of the contracted costs for highway sections range between −12.1% and 27.9% of the contracted value, and for standardized viaduct projects they range between −16.73% and 6.27% of the contracted value. The type of distribution function of deviations between actual and contractually agreed costs was investigated, and a predictive model for estimating future cost deviations of project programs was presented. The goal is to improve economic sustainability and the related optimization of resources in the development of infrastructure, which contributes to the broader agenda of sustainable development. The results encourage the adoption of improved project documentation and forecasting tools, which are essential for sustainable project management.

Key themes of community-oriented primary care projects from a longitudinal, rural interprofessional health professions curriculum (1997–2023)

BackgroundThe Community Oriented Primary Care Project Model (COPC) has been well studied globally as well as in the United States as a way to provide both community-centered primary care and to engage in community based research. Rural trainees through the University of Illinois College of Medicine’s Rural Medical Education Program (RMED) and Rural Pharmacy Education Program (RPHARM) students through the University of Illinois Chicago College of Pharmacy have participated in a COPC project as a capstone to a four month longitudinal, immersive community-based experience in a rural primary care setting. The purpose of this study was to assess the type of projects implemented through a rural health professions curriculum over a 30 year project period. .MethodsA research team reviewed projects on 30 elements; including topic and demographics. Patterns in COPC topics and rurality of the location in which the COPC project were also examined by using 2021 U.S. Census Bureau population data and Rural Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) Code.ResultsCOPC projects were categorized into 31 main topic areas with mental health being the most prevalent topic area covered by projects (n = 67, 15.7%) followed by 43 (10.1%) projects that focused on nutrition/exercise, and 41 (9.6%) focused on substance use (presented as a separate category from mental health in this analysis).ConclusionsFor three decades, COPC themes reflect priority health issues in rural communities while providing a scholarly activity for health profession student trainees Past projects have also been implemented in highly rural areas where research is not often conducted. The COPC research process can be easily replicated in other trainee models such as to fulfill ACGME requirements of scholarly activity and can provide a template for trainees of this model to implement community-engaged research in the future.

Different forms of fablab organization and their impact on collaboration and innovation

The aim of this paper is to identify some of the characteristics of innovation and collective work in different fablab organizations. We first define fablabs through a review of literature, situating related questions in the field of ergonomics and focusing our point of view on individual and collective activity. Secondly, we show how the results of our qualitative analyses (performed on data from interviews and observations of fablab managers, users, and projects from 13 fablabs) reveal 3 main types of fablab organization: community-oriented fablabs, academic fablabs and industrial fablabs, in which different activities are carried out. Fablab activity depends on lab users and the type of design projects carried out. The discussion will focus on the fablab organization findings, including the links between design/innovation project work, collective work and evolving rules, and how all of these aspects might direct activity-centered ergonomics research and actions in the future.

The role of cost-effectiveness in multisector climate investment programs: The Swedish Climate Leap

To increase the speed of implementation of carbon mitigation technologies, many countries set up publicly funded investment programs, where private and/or public entities can apply for support. These schemes are often criticized for not being cost-effective. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Swedish Climate Leap Program, which differs from most other programs through the multisector approach. We examine determinants of project approval and evaluate the heterogeneity in implicit carbon pricing across sectors. Several econometric methods are used to assess equality in carbon pricing. Results show that although the cost-effectiveness ratio plays an important role in project approval, carbon pricing differs significantly across project types. Project guidelines favor charging stations and transport measures that aid in adopting new technology and reaching economies of scale. However, the preference for transport measures is not reflected in the carbon pricing while instead energy conversion measures have a higher probability of being funded given the cost-effectiveness of the investment. Funding decisions favor densely populated municipalities, which could be motivated for investments in public goods, but is questionable for transport and housing.

The Power of Words in Agile vs. Waterfall Development: Written Communication in Hybrid Software Teams

Software development is constantly evolving, adapting to emerging technologies and development paradigms while leveraging advancements in communication technologies and work modes. We conduct an exploratory case study in a large software organization to investigate how the development paradigm and the formality of communication channels affect written communication within hybrid teams. We perform statistical and content analysis of written conversations from 20 projects involving two software products that use industry adaptations of the Waterfall model and of Scrum, respectively. We found that in agile-developed projects, communication related to the execution-monitoring-control phase of the Project Management Life Cycle is more prevalent, and communication related to the initiation phase occurs more frequently in informal channels. For both project types, communication primarily pertains to the software construction phase of the Software Development Life Cycle. After annotating communication contents using speech acts, representatives are found to be prevalent in informal channels for agile-developed projects, directives are more prevalent in informal channels for waterfall-developed projects, and expressives are more frequent in informal channels for both project types. We provide empirical evidence that development paradigms and communication channel formality impact written communication, with agile-developed projects showing more collaborative interactions in informal channels compared to waterfall-developed projects.Editor’s note: Open Science material was validated by the Journal of Systems and Software Open Science Board.

Google news initiative innovation challenge in Latin America: business models between path dependence and power relations

ABSTRACT In response to growing regulatory pressures, tech companies have partnered with media organizations to support news production through programs, grants, and financial aid for journalism. Notably, the Google News Initiative (GNI) Innovation Challenge has invested millions in Latin American news projects. This study explores the characteristics of these projects and their impact on the business models of Latin American media organizations. By examining project descriptions, a typology clarifies the connection between these initiatives and their effects on publishers’ business models. This analysis is complemented by 20 semi-structured interviews conducted from January 2020 to March 2023 with key regional informants. Results show three types of projects emerging through the GNI Innovation Challenge: audience-building, revenue generation, and technological innovation. It becomes evident that these media organizations are trapped in a dependent cycle, significantly contributing to their challenges in establishing sustainable business models. Furthermore, the study suggests that media organizations perceive these grants as a temporary financial resource, enabling them to hire additional staff and implement technological advancements within their newsrooms for a short time. Meanwhile, Google exerts its influence across the media industry by promoting cutting-edge technologies, which increases media dependence on its infrastructure. Ultimately, this research highlights the complex dynamics between big tech firms and the news industry, raising questions about the journalism sustainability and the potential consequences of its path dependence and capture by platforms.

Co-Developing Business Plans for Upscaled Coastal Nature-Based Solutions Restoration: An Application to the Venice Lagoon (Italy)

Upscaling coastal nature-based solutions (NbSs), from the river to sea scale, essential to the ultimate success of restoration, requires larger investments, greater socio-economic engagement and a transformative shift in governance. Consequently, the ability to catalyze blended finance from public and private investors through business model innovation and accessibly written long-range business plans is imperative. This research proposes a methodology to systematically co-design, through iterative stakeholder engagement, suitable and effective business models for upscaling NbSs coastal restoration, as well as a framework to develop business plans adaptable to different investors needs and financial criteria. This method was tested and validated in a saltmarsh restoration project coordinated by public agencies in the Venice Lagoon. It delivered an advanced business model canvas, carefully assessed through a stakeholder questionnaire and a related business case centered on ecotourism complemented by a willingness-to-pay analysis. The resulting business plan lays out the governance, management, business and financial strategies for successful restoration, addressing specific interconnected issues, improving five main ecosystem services and delivering NbS multifunctional environmental, economic, social and cultural benefits. The methodology has proven to be applicable beyond the Venice Lagoon saltmarsh case and types of restoration projects.

The Why, What, Who, When, and Where of Carbon Capture and Storage in Southern Ontario

This paper reviews the five Ws (Why, What, Who, When, and Where) of carbon capture and storage in southwestern Ontario. This area is home to nearly one quarter of Canada’s population and approximately three-quarters of one million people work in the manufacturing sector. Fifteen of the province’s top 20 CO2 emission point sources are in this area. The industries responsible for these emissions include steel mills, refineries and petrochemical plants, and cement plants. These industries are part of the hard-to-abate sector, in that CO2 is used or generated as an integral part of the industrial process. As such, eliminating or even reducing emissions from these industries is a difficult task. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects aim to sequester that gas in sedimentary basins over periods exceeding several thousand years. To this end, deeply buried (> 800 m) porous and permeable rocks (a repository) must be overlain by impermeable rocks that act as a seal, preventing the upward migration of CO2 into the atmosphere. The possibility that injection activities could trigger seismicity is but one of the additional considerations. When operational, CCS projects have a negative carbon footprint and the desirability of developing and using this technology has been established for over 20 years. True CCS projects differ from carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) projects in that the former are only designed with sequestration in mind. One type of CCUS project involves using CO2 for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and this technology has been employed for several decades. Cambrian sandstones are the most suitable injection targets for CCS in southwestern Ontario because previous oil and gas drilling has shown the rocks to have the necessary characteristics. They are buried below 800 m, can be tens of metres thick, and have adequate porosity and permeability. However, the Cambrian section is lithologically and stratigraphically heterogeneous and oil, gas, and brine can all be present in the pore space. The extent to which this complexity will affect CO2 injection has not yet been evaluated.

The Impact of Leadership and Management on the Implementation of Electronic Health Record Systems in the Primary Healthcare Centers.

In the last three decades, Electronic Health Records Systems (EHRSs) have become one of the top priorities of policymakers globally. Nowadays, EHRS reform is fast becoming a priority in developed countries. The introduction of EHRSs in Saudi healthcare organizations is considered one of the highest priorities of policymakers. Saudi Arabian e-health strategy pays reasonable attention to the EHRS implementation project. According to Saudi Vision 2030, the e-health transformation will be on top of IT projects in the country. However, an estimated 50% of EHRS implementations have failed. Project leadership and type of project management have been found to be crucial components of effective EHRS implementation. To evaluate the role of centralized project management (CPM) in the implementation of large-scale EHRSs in Primary Healthcare Centers (PHCs) in Saudi Arabia (SA). A sequential explanatory mixed-methods approach involving a survey and semi-structured qualitative interview methods were utilized. A total of 39 (75%) out of 53 policymakers at the Saudi Ministry of Health completed the survey, and 14 project team members were interviewed. Findings from both illustrated that adopting centralized project management approaches to implementation was beneficial in facilitating large-scale EHRS implementation and helped to overcome barriers that may have otherwise led to the failure of the project. EHRS interoperability and software selection were the factors that CPM influenced most positively.

Assessing social equity of federal disaster aid distribution: A nationwide analysis.

In this study, we conduct the first comprehensive, nationwide assessment of social equity performance of multiple federal post- and pre-disaster assistance programs that differ in targeted recipients, project types, forms of aid, and funding requirements. We draw on the social equity and distributive justice theory to develop and test a set of hypotheses on the influence of program design and specificity on their aid distributional patterns and equity performance. The analysis uses panel data of about 3000 US counties to examine the relationship between a county's receipt of federal assistance and its recent disaster damage, socioeconomic, demographic, political, local government, and geographic characteristics in a two-stage random effects Tobit model. Expectedly, we find that post-disaster grants are largely driven by recent disaster damage, while damage is simultaneously influenced by local socioeconomic conditions. For all disaster programs, disproportionately more federal aid is allocated to populous counties. For programs geared toward state and local governments and targeting community recovery and mitigation, more aid is received by counties with better socioeconomic conditions. Conversely, for programs targeting individual relief and recovery, more aid is given to counties with lower incomes and greater social vulnerability. Results also indicate that counties located in high-risk regions receive greater outlays. These findings shed light on the varying degrees of social equity of federal disaster assistance programs tied to their cost-share requirement, funding caps, and inherent complexity of application procedures.

Models and methods of the technological maturity development of self-managed organizations in the context of using the syncretic methodology

Introduction. Infrastructure restoration projects of Ukraine are being implemented in the difficult conditions of war and many challenges. To increase the effectiveness of their implementation, project-oriented organizations need an effective management system. At the same time, it is necessary not only to apply innovative models and methods of project management developed by the world's leading organizations and companies, but also to create our own scientific developments, taking into account complex environmental conditions. Since restoration projects are related to the construction industry, which is one of the locomotives of the Ukraine's economy development as a whole. Therefore, the development of new models and methods of increasing the effectiveness of project-oriented organizations is an urgent scientific task. Problem statement. The problems of management systems development of project-oriented organizations implementing restoration projects using modern (including syncretic) project management methodologies are described. The need to improve the efficiency of such management systems is emphasized. The importance of developing a syncretic maturity model for use by project-oriented organizations for the implementation of recovery projects within the syncretic project management methodology is substantiated. The scientific task of developing a model of syncretic maturity in the field of project management for use in the researched type of projects is formulated.

Reducing the cost of home energy upgrades in the US: An industry survey

Decarbonizing the US residential building stock requires a substantial acceleration in home energy upgrades. Numerous barriers exist to accelerating adoption of efficient and electric building technologies, but foremost among these is high upfront costs. This study uses an industry survey delivered to a sample of home energy professionals to examine promising cost reduction strategies across a range of project types, including HVAC, water heating, and envelope/insulation projects. The survey included quantitative and qualitative questions to collect evidence on the estimated cost reduction potential of these strategies and their likelihood of use in the construction industry. The 167 survey respondents included contractors, energy consultants, architects, manufacturers, and others with experience in delivering energy upgrades in single-family and multifamily buildings in the US. Results show that significant cost reductions are achievable by minimizing additional infrastructure costs (such as replacing electric panels), streamlining project planning/management, and deploying innovations that simplify installation. We find that for a typical deep retrofit project, including heat pumps for space and water heating in addition to envelope upgrades, the strategies could result in a total installed cost reduction of nearly 50 %, dramatically improving the customer economics of such a project. This research makes a novel contribution to the literature on strategies to reduce the costs of residential retrofits. We discuss how our study's insights on the highest-value cost reduction strategies for home energy upgrades can further accelerate their uptake in the US housing stock.

Quantitative Analysis Toward Guidance for Implementing E-Ticketing for Asphalt Paving Operations

Previous research efforts into e-ticketing for asphalt paving operations have qualitatively identified benefits and concerns. However, there is minimal academic literature detailing the quantitative impact of e-ticketing in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era. This research addresses this gap by gathering information from the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) about e-ticketing practices to aid in determining potential implementation steps. Quantitative project information was collected from KYTC projects to compare the traditional weigh ticket collection process with e-ticketing processes for both project engineers and inspectors. The analysis shows statistically significant time savings for field employees but not project management personnel. Further, factors affecting e-ticketing implementation for both project engineers and inspectors were also investigated. For inspectors, the dataset was analyzed to determine how the project type and quality assurance responsibilities of the inspector altered the e-ticketing impact. For engineers, the dataset was analyzed to determine how the project type altered e-ticketing impacts and how e-ticketing affected the engineer reviewing and storing project data. Cluster analysis was completed for both project engineers and inspectors to group project types where e-ticketing impact was maximized, and a decision matrix was created to aid agencies in creating implementation plans. The primary contributions to the body of knowledge include a modified action research methodology applied to electronic bulk material tickets to incorporate practitioner expertise into implementation guidelines and quantitative findings indicating that state transportation agencies should first implement e-ticketing on large asphalt-resurfacing projects, such as interstate rehabilitations, where inspectors have strenuous quality assurance responsibilities to maximize benefit.

Projection in Arabic: a typological overview

Abstract This article examines the different aspects of projection by focusing on the processes construing this area of the lexicogrammar. It also explores how Arabic construes this dimension of the lexicogrammar across the rank scale and beyond. Within the Hallidayan Systemic Functional paradigm, there are three variables that differentiate between any type of projection and this article investigates all three of them. It more precisely explores the three different projection systems which consist of (i) the level of projection which is about the distinction between mental and verbal projection. (ii) The mode of projection which is about tactic interdependency relations and whether what is projected is a quote (paratactic) or a report (hypotactic) and (iii) the speech function of projection which is where projection interacts with the system of mood and the projection of propositions and proposals. The last section studies the manifestation of projection patterns in a wide variety of lexico-grammatical environments. The findings will show how this pervasiveness substantiates the interpretation of projection as a fractal motif.

Why VR? Exploring the Intersection of Virtual Reality and Information Science

ABSTRACTThis 90‐minute panel is structured to provide a space for open conversation among panelists and the ASIST community to consider the role and impact of virtual reality (VR) in teaching and research in information science. In the panel, we will address two key areas, including the current landscape of VR related research in information science and why VR is a valuable tool for teaching and research. The panel will begin with speakers briefly discussing their areas of expertise. From there, the panelists will facilitate open discussion using guiding questions and open dialogue with the audience. Finally, the panel will conclude with hands‐on sessions where audience members can try out several different types of VR headsets, projects, and games.

Methodology for determining the hardness and depth of the hardened layer (in Kazakh language)

The article discusses methods for determining the hardness and depth of the hardened layer. Stiffness is defined as the ratio of the amount of load to the surface area, projection area, or print volume. The following types of surface, projection and volumetric stiffness are distinguished:surface hardness-the ratio of the load to the surface area of the print; projection stiffness-the ratio of the load to the area of the print projection; volumetric stiffness-the ratio of the load to the print volume. Hardness is measured in three ranges: macro, micro, nano. Hardness is the degree to which mineralogy often encounters this when scratching one mineral with another. In addition, the hardness of a mineral is also known as the degree of resistance to the influence of external mechanical force. But the external mechanical effect itself will be slightly different, depending on how strongly the mineral resists.The article conducted research with examples of several methods for determining the hardness of the layer.

Green hotspots? Unveiling global hotspots and shifting trends in carbon credit projects

AbstractThis study examines the spatiotemporal patterns of verified carbon credit projects from 2004 to 2022, utilizing data from the Gold Standard Foundation (GSF) registry and employing spatial autocorrelation (Moran's I) and hot spot analysis (Getis‐Ord Gi*) in ArcGIS Pro. South Asia and East Africa emerged as key hotspots for carbon credit projects. Hotspots transitioned from China, Brazil, Peru, Panama, and Cambodia (2004–2016) to India, Kenya, Rwanda, and Uganda (2017–2022) with Turkey remaining a hotspot throughout the period. Overall, the analysis reveals a statistically significant Moran's I of 0.07 and a z‐score of 3.04, indicating spatial clustering of projects and a less than 1% likelihood that the clustering is a result of random chance. The spatial pattern and types of projects align with socio‐economic conditions and environmental protection objectives in different regions. Domestic energy efficiency projects are prevalent, such as improved cookstoves, biogas digesters, and borehole technologies for safe water access. These findings prompt the deduction that socio‐economic conditions wield substantial influence on investor preferences in carbon credit projects. Hence, the study contends that the overarching goal transcends mere carbon emissions mitigation; it extends to elevating the socio‐economic well‐being of local populations. By pinpointing geographical hotspots and elucidating temporal shifts, this study equips stakeholders with strategic insights into investment in carbon credit projects and highlights evolving investor interests in the carbon credit landscape, bridging the gap between environmental objectives and socio‐economic imperatives.

Understanding EU Funding of Anti-Trafficking Initiatives: Where is the money (not) going?

Critical trafficking scholars have questioned the staggering and ever-rising scale of financial investments in the anti-trafficking industry. While many analyses have focused on the United States, considerably less attention has been devoted to anti-trafficking funding provided by the European Union (EU). This paper draws on an analysis of the results of several EU programmes funding anti-trafficking actions during the 2014–2020 programming period. It describes the type of projects and organisations funded, the countries involved, the amounts awarded, and the potential reoccurrence of funding toward specific organisations. It also presents the findings of a survey of European NGOs working in the field of anti-trafficking to investigate approved and rejected projects, the reasons for rejection, and the key challenges faced in accessing EU funding. The overarching aim is to better understand funding trends against the backdrop of EU anti-trafficking policy priorities.

Mediación e interculturalidad en el aula de música a través de un proyecto colaborativo

The cultural diversity of today's society must be reflected in the didactic proposals to be carried out in the classroom, also with regard to music education. This paper presents the results of a collaborative musical experience in which different fields related to music education have taken part. The study, which has been carried out from a qualitative approach, seeks to deepen the understanding of educational and social phenomena that can contribute to the transformation of teaching practice. The main results show the relevance of this type of projects to facilitate knowledge and reflection on the different educational and social problems from music education.