Project Management Techniques Research Articles

Effect of risk management practices on project performance: A case of the Mafuru-Kimambira Water Supply Project in Mvomero District.

The study examined the effect of risk management practices on project performance using a case of Mafuru-Kimambira Water Supply Project. This study used quantitative research approach together with non-proportional stratified simple random sampling technique to obtain 98 project contractors. The data were collected using the questionnaire method and analyzed using both descriptive statistics and multiple regression model to analyze the effects of risk management practices on project performance. The findings revealed that risk prevention practice was found to be positive and significant, indicating that it has a direct effect on Mafuru-Kimambira water supply project performance, risk transfer was also found to be positive and significant, indicating that it has a direct impact on Mafuru-Kimambira water supply project performance and risk control was found to be positive and significant, indicating that it has a direct impact on project performance. The study emphasize how crucial risk management techniques are to improving the efficiency of water supply initiatives like the Mafuru-Kimambira Water Supply Project. The study recommends that policymakers should contemplate formulating and executing regulations that promote the application of risk prevention, risk transfer, and risk control techniques in project management. These policies might include directives requiring the application of these techniques in project planning and execution, incentives for projects that exhibit excellent risk management, and training courses for project managers on risk management techniques. By ensuring that water supply projects are carried out successfully, these policies may contribute to increased water security and socioeconomic growth.

أثر استخدام تقنيات إدارة المشاريع على تطوير المشاريع بالتطبيق على شركات القطاع الخاص بالمنطقة الشرقية بالمملكة العربية السعودية

The aim of the research is to highlight the impact of the use of enterprise management techniques on enterprise development by applying to private sector companies in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia by clarifying the dimensions of enterprise development, as well as to reveal the impact of project management techniques on enterprise development in its dimensions (project scheduling, project resources, project cost, project risks, project quality). The researcher has relied on the analytical descriptive approach to achieve the objectives of the study. The identification was used as an information-gathering tool. This research was applied to a study community consisting of workers from private sector companies in the eastern region within Saudi Arabia. (SPSS). This research has yielded a series of important findings, the most significant of which is that there is a statistically significant effect between the techniques used in project management (as a separate variable) and enterprise development (as a follow-up variable) within private sector companies in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. There is a statistically significant effect between the techniques used in project management (as a separate variable) and the scheduling of projects (as a first dimension of enterprise development) (as a follow-up variable) within private sector companies in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. The researcher recommended the need for senior management to develop skills through continuous training in project management. There is a need for agreement between senior leadership in projects and departments on the determinants of strategic plan development. Resource management depends on the efficiency and effectiveness of project planning.

Managing Legislative Drafting Projects by Applying Project Management Techniques

Abstract One of the most utilized methodologies in achieving goals out of projects is through project management methodology offered by Project Management Institute. It has shown tremendous positive outcomes and high control in planning, executing, and closing of projects, which made it a mandatory in operating many projects and monitoring large teams within a specific period. In the legal sphere, project management has been introduced to support law firms and in-house legal department in organizations, however, the legislative field in legislative bodies of many states in the world has not yet introduced this mean of management in their projects. The legislative drafting project goes through many stages and interacts with several stakeholders, which requires a high sophisticated management and control of deliverables on a timely manner within allocated budget. This paper will explore how project management could apply to the process of managing the legislative drafting work, starting from the planning stage until the appraisal of the legislative draft for Royal approval. It has been applied as per the Saudi government procedure for drafting legislative proposals in a way that introduces this technique of management in detailed stages to enhance the efficiency of such intellectual projects. Although it has been applied to the Saudi governmental structure, it could be utilized to fit different states that want to better manage legislative drafting projects. Aiming to show the usefulness of project management methodologies in legislative drafting projects by introducing project management (PM) way of administration to the field of legislative drafting.

Fast Algorithm for High-Throughput Screening Scheduling Based on the PERT/CPM Project Management Technique

High-throughput screening systems are robotic cells that automatically scan and analyze thousands of biochemical samples and reagents in real time. The problem under consideration is to find an optimal cyclic schedule of robot moves that ensures maximum cell performance. To address this issue, we proposed a new efficient version of the parametric PERT/CPM project management method that works in conjunction with a combinatorial subalgorithm capable of rejecting unfeasible schedules. The main result obtained is that the new fast PERT/CPM method finds optimal robust schedules for solving large size problems in strongly polynomial time, which cannot be achieved using existing algorithms.

Dynamic scheduling of decentralized high-end equipment R&D projects via deep reinforcement learning

Distributed research and development (R&D) plays a pivotal role in high-end equipment manufacturing enterprises, significantly impacting interdisciplinary innovation and expediting development cycles. In the uncertain environment characterized by random arrivals of new projects, achieving dynamic scheduling and real-time coordination for decentralized R&D projects is a challenging problem. This paper studies a dynamic decentralized resource-constrained multi-project scheduling problem with product transfers (DDRCMPSP-PT). The objective is to minimize the development cycle after initial local schedules are generated to minimize the individual project makespan. To tackle the problem, we develop a decentralized multi-agent system using the dynamic coordination mechanism for resource assignment (DMAS/DCMRA). An up-to-date deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm, dueling double deep Q-learning (D3QN) with prioritized replay, is employed to select the optimal strategy to resolve the global resource conflicts adaptively. Two priority rules are presented based on the structural properties and make up the action space of the DRL agent together with ten high-quality priority rules. Extensive simulation experiment results based on real enterprise cases reveal that the DMAS/DCMRA outperforms all traditional priority rule-based methods. The proposed priority rules also show competitive performance compared to other priority rules, which validates the applicability and superiority of the proposed method. This research offers a new agile project management technique for organizations running multiple R&D projects and managing crucial bottleneck resources.

A project management model for architectural restoration projects

Architectural restoration projects have many peculiarities that differentiate them from other construction projects. Despite the universal guidelines, standards and bylaws, a specialized approach on the management of architectural restoration projects is yet a knowledge gap. Inadequate use of project management knowledge in the field results in time and budget overruns, quality problems, insufficient research, incorrect scope definition, lack of interdisciplinary coordination, disconnection between phases, inefficiency in change management, and further ambiguities. Following an exploratory sequential research process consisting of qualitative and quantitative data from a focus group meeting, a questionnaire survey, and a 48-h on-site training; the authors focus on the peculiar nature of architectural restoration projects from project management perspective. The study aims to explore the extent to which the conventional project management knowledge, tools and techniques can be applied to architectural restoration projects, investigate if more adaptive and contemporary approaches can fit better to them, and propose a practically applicable management model tailored for such projects. The results show that a hybrid model combining agile and waterfall project management approaches with an appropriate business context targeting the unique requirements of architectural restoration projects can be instrumental to cope with the complexities of such projects.

Problems in The Adoption of Agile-Scrum Software Development Process in Small Organization: A Systematic Literature Review

Agile methods are becoming increasingly popular in modern corporate strategies, which represents a paradigm change in project management techniques. The concept of pragmatic agility has become essential for enterprises to manage the complexities of ever-changing contexts. However, some organizations—especially small ones with limited resources—face unforeseen difficulties while implementing Agile-Scrum software development. In order to clarify the challenges small businesses, encounter throughout this adoption process, this study combines ideas from fifteen studies into a thorough and systematic analysis of the literature. The issues that have been discovered may be categorized into four primary areas: technology, people, process, and organization, and agile techniques. Organizations are able to anticipate obstacles by using a comprehensive understanding provided by the methodical examination and classification of situations. This proactive approach is essential to preventing unfavorable outcomes, as those seen in the past when implementation errors were made worse by culture problems, insufficient support from upper management, and waning consumer cooperation. This research provides small firms with a navigational aid by synthesizing lessons from the literature, enabling them to plan an Agile-Scrum adoption process that is more smoothly executed. Organizations may enhance their preparation, protect themselves from frequent traps, and ultimately maximize the transformative potential of Agile techniques in their developmental undertakings by adopting these insights.

LITERATURE REVIEW ON DEVELOPMENT OF PROJECT PERFORMANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES

The construction sector is always looking for efficient project management techniques. The purpose of this literature review is to build a solid project performance by carefully examining the inherent characteristics of construction projects. This review integrates various project elements, such as project scope, risk management, stakeholder engagement, resource allocation, and technological integration, which highlight the multifaceted nature of construction activities. A factual overview of certain key trends and findings from the research literature that relate to the construction sector encounters difficulties in achieving project success. This abstract also states that an in-depth investigation of the project performance is changing in the construction industry and the characteristics that go along with it. The paper investigates the complex relationship between project success criteria and quality assurance, sustainability, stakeholder engagement, risk management, cost control, scheduling, and industry reports and case studies. This paper provides an in- depth analysis of construction project. Keywords: Construction, Project Performance, Characteristics, Stakeholder Dynamics, Technology, Success Criteria, Sustainability, Risk Management.

ПОРІВНЯЛЬНИЙ АНАЛІЗ МОДЕЛЕЙ ТА МЕТОДІВ УПРАВЛІННЯ МАРКЕТИНГОВИМИ ПРОЕКТАМИ

The article examines the importance and effectiveness of using the project management methodology to ensure timely and budget-effective implementation of projects in accordance with customer requirements. The author emphasizes that project management is a strategic process that encompasses project initiation, planning, execution, monitoring, control, and closure. Special attention is paid to the role of project management in marketing, where complexity and constant dynamics require careful planning and execution. Using project management techniques in marketing teams can improve planning, improve efficiency and productivity, improve communication and collaboration, provide greater control over budget and resources, and lead to improved campaign results. Various marketing project management methodologies, their characteristics and differences are studied. The waterfall cascade model is defined as a sequential approach to dividing a project into fixed tasks, which can be effective for short and well-defined projects, but not suitable for complex and long-term tasks. Agile flexible model and Scrum are defined as fundamentally different approaches based on collaboration, iterability and speed. Agile emphasizes individuals over processes, while Scrum is defined by short iterations and a team motivation system. The Critical Path Method (CPM) and Critical Chain Marketing Project Management (CCPM) are defined as methodologies aimed at determining and optimizing project completion times. Integrated Marketing Project Management (IPM) is seen as an approach focused on standardizing and sharing processes across the organization, which can be useful for large creative agencies. Methodologies (PRiSM, PRINCE2, PMI PMBOK) expand the range of available approaches to marketing project management. Each of them has its own features and applications depending on the specific needs and characteristics of the project. The article provides a comprehensive overview of various methodologies and their relevance to specific conditions and types of marketing projects.

Usage of Hybrid Project Management Approaches and Influences on Approach Selection

Changes in technologies and practitioner approaches to project management have led to a mix known as hybrid. This research identifies approaches practitioners currently use and determines possible influences on how a project manager selects an approach for a project. Four hundred participants completed a survey questionnaire to help identify methodologies in use. Additionally, participants reviewed a list of 39 specific project management tools and techniques to indicate their level of use for each of them. Our findings indicate that few project managers exclusively employ agile methodologies without the incorporation of predictive techniques and tools. Chi-square analysis was used to analyze industry, project manager experience level, and type of project to determine the influence on approach selection. The results showed that industry and type of project were important to selection, but a project manager's level of experience was not. A qualitative analysis identified two additional important factors of company policy and team experience. Overall, the study supported that there is no best approach to managing projects, but hybrid is emerging as a predominant approach to exploit the benefits of multiple approaches. Additionally, the data implies a need for greater support, resources, or education to facilitate the successful implementation and longevity of adaptive project management approaches.

Man-Hour Estimation Model Development in BIM-Based Projects with Machine Learning-Regression Algorithms

Construction management is a service that uses project management techniques to planning, design and construction of a project. Another branch of construction management is the planning made during the bidding stages before the construction starts. At this stage, the scheduling of the work, mobilization and most importantly the project design and drawing time should be analyzed and accurate estimates should be made. For this estimation, the experience of the bidding organization is the biggest reference. Construction management techniques in a BIM-based project are challengeable. The biggest reason is that knowledge about BIM is much less than the others and still a developing system. Therefore, the margin of error in the estimated project duration to be predicted in the bids to be made for such projects increases. Considering that man-hour estimations are financially very important for the company. This study is aimed to make observations with advanced technologies which is applied ML algorithms and analysis methods for man-hour estimations in BIM projects at the bidding stage. The project information to perform a man-hour analysis of completed construction projects was requested from offices that have gained experience in BIM projects. The project information of 16 projects were tabulated. The collected information was converted into a data set and transferred into regression analysis algorithms using Python format. Data set, which was turned into a matrix, was analysed and the consistency of the parameters in data set was tested. Spent man-hour estimation was made, graphed over parameters with simple and multiple linear regression algorithms. 
 Keywords: Building Information Modelling (BIM), construction management, bidding, project management, Artificial Intelligence (AI), machine learning, regression analysis

TRANSFORMATIVE EDUCATION WITH AGILE PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND PROJECT-BASED LEARNING

The present trend of automation and digitization of jobs has made the skills gap even more pronounced, indicating that graduates are not sufficiently prepared for the challenges they will face in their careers. The educational process needs to adapt quickly to the demands made by employers and the job market. Learning tasks, assignments, and activities should mimic the practice environment as far as possible, to best prepare students for practice. One of the best approaches appears to be the incorporation of agile project management techniques and project-based learning into the educational process. The primary aim of this research is to examine the effects of implementing agile management techniques and project-based learning into education on students' skill sets and performance improvement rates. The activities and results that the students produced throughout the semester were gathered and assessed over two academic years. The course feedback was also gathered to investigate students' opinions about the course and their involvement during the semester. An exploratory study was conducted in order to achieve the results. The influence of implemented innovations on the course was addressed, and the acquired outcomes were contrasted and appraised.

Distributed Team Working - Approaches for DiSSCo

As a highly decentralised research infrastructure, the Distributed System of Scientific Collections (DiSSCo) will need to develop cross-institutional teams, adopting work practices where individual staff are intensively working collectively on common tasks in a distributed environment. These flexible and distributed working practices will be essential to the delivery of the research infrastructure across a wide range of delivery partners and a geographically dispersed set of scarce resources and skills, particularly in more technical roles. Since work to consider secondment and distributed working in DiSSCo was first envisaged, there has been a step change in distributed working owing to the Covid-19 pandemic and lockdowns or other restrictions to where work could take place. This report examines distributed team working practices and how they have changed, through interviews with a range of key roles across DiSSCo Prepare institutions. It briefly examines key project management and technical team delivery techniques. It documents how some of these approaches have been piloted within DiSSCo Prepare for the development, testing and delivery of DiSSCo Policy and Digital Maturity tools. Finally, bringing this together with previous work on secondment policies and practices for DiSSCo, we make recommendations about how secondment and distributed team working can be approached to enhance DiSSCo capabilities and the likelihood of successful implementation of the research infrastructure.

Applying Agile Business Solutions as a Graduate Capstone Project

A graduate course was implemented to teach the fundamentals of Agile project management as part of the MS Technical Project Management curriculum. The course was designed to provide a solid foundation in Agile methodologies for project management practice to enable graduates to execute appropriate Agile techniques to plan, and deliver quality results that frequently deliver value to customers. During the course students are introduced to Agile processes which include developing user stories and story maps, estimate and plan for sprints, track project execution and releases using burn-down charts and conduct retrospective sessions. This paper discusses how a graduate student was able to successfully apply the Agile principles and processes learned in the graduate program to an Independent Study project designed to provide students with the opportunity to apply their knowledge and experience gained during the curriculum to addressing and solving a real business problem. The student chose to develop and implement an Agile framework solution to a software implementation and performance problem his business organization was facing.

MODELING MASTERY: OPTIMIZING PROJECT MANAGEMENT FOR BUSINESS SYSTEM DEVELOPERS

These articles explore the strategic integration of systems modeling techniques in project management for both junior and senior developers. This paper elucidates how leveraging systems modeling enhances project efficiency, collaboration, and outcomes in the dynamic landscape of business system development. Through real-world examples and theoretical frameworks, it navigates the nuanced application of modeling methodologies to streamline processes, mitigate risks, and foster innovation within project teams. By embracing modeling mastery, business system developers can orchestrate projects with precision, adaptability, and strategic foresight, thereby maximizing organizational success in an ever-evolving business ecosystem.

A new taxonomy of global software development best practices using prioritization based on a fuzzy system

AbstractEffective management of development projects is crucial to delivering high‐quality software within time and budget constraints. However, organizing geographically distributed software development activities presents unique challenges, including difficulties in face‐to‐face interaction and coordination. To assist the global software development community in updating and developing new project management techniques, identifying and prioritizing best practices is essential. This study aims to develop a taxonomy based on the prioritization of management practices for software development, drawing from empirical data. Fifty‐five best practices associated with the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) fields were identified from the existing literature. The study also empirically examines the acceptability and relevance of these practices within the industry. An analytic hierarchy process within a fuzzy system is employed to prioritize these practices based on their importance in managing global software development.

Domain Applications of Project Management Knowledge (DAPMK): Beneficial Knowledge Transfer and Soft Skill Development for Life-long Enhancement

The focus of higher education in the developed economies of the Global North has steadily shifted since the 1970s from being dominantly rooted in academic knowledge and learning as an end in themselves towards a wider perspective. The needs of the professions, careers and employability were present then, but were generally a secondary concern for the HEIs. The expansion of HE across more diverse populations has produced successive changes in curriculum and more broadly in purposes, strategies, and philosophies of HE. Against the background of global, economic, societal, and technological changes, the need to maintain ‘traditions’ but with wider relevance to society, personal adaptability, and capability as well as support for lifelong careers and learning have come to impact, HE main agendas.
 Most undertakings in life require the ability to define requirements, shape responses and form processes which will lead to achieving desired goals. In short, this is the nature of ‘project’ as a concept and of project management as a means to undertake what is necessary. This paper reports on how the concepts and techniques of Project Management (PM) can be beneficially transferred in a process of soft skill development for life-long enhancement in the transitions from HE to employability and career. A project was set up at University of West London as part of their knowledge transfer activities. The researchers have established ‘proof of concept’ and are currently trialling pathways for providing learning opportunities with knowledge transfer and soft skill enhancement. The opportunity to adapt the root concepts of PM to any domain carries enormous potential for enhancing HE outcomes and for wider continuing education and skills development across communities.

How Can the Irish Construction Industry Become Less Fragmented and More Productive?

Globally the Construction Industry is in a fragmented state and the Irish Construction Industry (ICI) is no exception. The ICI has a history of delivering National infrastructure projects over time and over budget. Irish Government publications have identified that low productivity within the ICI is a prevalent issue. Lean construction (LC) is proposed in this research as an antidote to assist the ICI in becoming less fragmented and more productive. Research indicates that successful incorporation of lean methodologies can cut completion times by 30% and costs by 15%. Further research demonstrates that Construction Industries (CI) are lacking the education required to implement lean methodologies. There is a lack of awareness within the ICI regarding the principles and benefits of lean. Lean Construction Ireland (LCI) membership numbers are increasing at a glacial pace. Traditional project management techniques that are autocratic in nature and focus on critical path items and milestones are extensively used in the ICI. These techniques prioritize measuring metrics such as commercial performance which means measuring other performance related metrics such as workflows slip down the order of seniority. This approach conflicts with the principles of lean and limits the opportunity for continual improvement. There is therefore a requirement for government, management, leaders and all project stakeholders to change their way of thinking regarding their project management techniques and embrace change. Aligning these stakeholders will strengthen the entire Irish Construction Supply Chain and only then will the benefits of lean be fully realized. Building Information Modelling (BIM), whilst not technically a lean tool shares multiple characteristics of lean and is further vehicle that can assist in this transition. The results suggest that with enhanced education in lean, alignment of project stakeholders, an overhaul of traditional project management techniques and heavier incorporation of BIM that a shift towards lean and higher productivity is possible for the ICI.

Software Projects Crest and Trough in Pakistan: A Management Spectrum

Software industry has become as popular factor in the progress triumph of every country. Software project management techniques are significantly applicable in the development cycle of software projects. Despite that software projects face many tarnished reputations of poor performance in terms of schedule, budget, quality, and many other management and controlling correlated factors. Influencing factors which makes the software project successful are under the prominence of extensive research for more than the 40 years. Still, most of the relevant research in this territory has focused on developing countries with little consideration of less advanced countries. The purpose of this paper is to explore the success and failure factors in the Pakistani software environment using Qualitative research analysis approach. For this purpose, almost thirty software houses were targeted from four provinces of Pakistan and collected perception-based data through questionnaires and interviews from related personals. We further elaborate and compare some critical factors from past literatures in this research. Finally, the outcomes and findings showed better management and development aspects for a healthy software project growth in the domain of Pakistan. The importance of this research is to cover both theoretical and practical dimensions of software project management. We have found that proper scheduling, appropriate estimation of cost and time, Agile methodology, RMMM (risk mitigation, monitoring, management) approach, team bonding, team or staff motivational and communication factors significantly affected on successful projects.

A survey on secure metadata of agile software development process using blockchain technology

AbstractScrum is an important and essential technique for developing software. Scrum framework is a project management technique that can emphasize software development teamwork. If you are starting, consider scrum as a method for accomplishing tasks as a team in manageable chunks simultaneously, with ongoing experimentation and feedback loops to learn and improve as you go. Scrum enables individuals and groups to collaboratively and gradually generate value. Being an agile framework, scrum gives people and teams the perfect structure to fit into their workflows while still including the best practices to cater to their requirements. There are some important considerations for security in the agile software development process such as threat modeling, secure coding practices, continuous security testing, authentication, and authorization. In this work, we reviewed various scrum developing techniques to find out the research gaps. This article consider the scrum technique with blockchain technologies for review because it is preferred by most of the software industries.