Progressive Resistance Exercise Research Articles

EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION IN A MULTIDISCIPLINARY LONG COVID CLINIC: METHODOLOGY FROM AN AUSTRALIAN EXPERIENCE

INTRODUCTION & AIMS The University of Canberra Hospital Post-COVID Recovery Clinic is one of Australia’s few multidisciplinary outpatient clinics. Our model includes personally-prescribed exercise of both inspiratory and peripheral muscles. We have treated > 200 people with Long COVID with no serious adverse events, and our model is highly acceptable to consumers. This paper offers a detailed description of our methodology capturing how we achieve safe, tailored personal exercise, and carefully manage post-exertional symptom exacerbation (PESE). METHODOLOGY Initial screening appointments last 2 hours, and clients are referred for medical review if they have signs or symptoms of an acute or life-threatening complication (e.g. unexplained chest pain). Individualised exercise programs are prescribed, progressed, and monitored by an Exercise Physiologist or Physiotherapist initially on an individual basis, then in a supervised group setting. The group program consists of twice weekly sessions of 60 minutes duration. Clients attending group therapies are provided with a home exercise program to enable self-management. Clients are screened at baseline assessment for PESE triggered by participation in activities of daily living. All clients receive education about activity modification and pacing strategies. For clients experiencing PESE, activity is not progressed until they can tolerate 2 weeks of activity without PESE. For peripheral muscles, progressive resistance exercises are prescribed at a submaximal intensity (RPE 4-6/10), with 4-6 exercises completed 3 days/week. Once able to tolerate ADLs, low intensity cardiovascular exercise is gradually introduced with increased monitoring from a clinician. For patients with dyspnoea, high-intensity inspiratory muscle training is prescribed as 5 sets of 6 breaths at least 50% of their maximal inspiratory pressure (30 breaths total) 5 days per week. CONCLUSION Our experience indicates that it is possible to safely prescribe exercise in people with Long COVID, incorporating both peripheral and inspiratory muscle training, while carefully monitoring and managing PESE.

Feasibility of an early progressive resistance exercise program for acute Achilles tendon rupture

BackgroundLong-term strength deficits are common after Achilles tendon ruptures. Early use of progressive resistance exercises may help reduce strength deficits, but the feasibility of this approach is unknown. The aim was to investigate the feasibility of early progressive resistance exercises regarding patient acceptability and compliance with the intervention.MethodsWe recruited patients with an acute Achilles tendon rupture treated non-surgically. During 9 weeks of immobilisation with a walking boot, participants attended weekly supervised physiotherapy sessions of progressive resistance exercises and performed home exercises, consisting of isometric ankle plantarflexion, seated heel-rise, and elastic band exercises. Acceptability was evaluated using a 7-point Likert scale (1 = very unacceptable and 7 = very acceptable) with feasibility threshold at 80% of the participants rating ≥ 4. Adherence to the exercises was defined as 80% of the participants performing at least 50% of the home exercises. During the intervention, tendon healing and adverse events were monitored.ResultsSixteen participants (mean age 46 (range 28–61), male/female = 13/3) completed the intervention. Pre-injury Achilles tendon total rupture score was 98 (SD 8). All participants rated the acceptability of the exercises ≥ 5 (moderate acceptable to very acceptable) at 9- and 13-week follow-up and 9/16 rated 7 points (very acceptable). Participants performed 74% (range 4–117) of the total prescribed home exercises and 15/16 performed > 50%. One participant was not compliant with the home exercises due to feeling uncomfortable performing these independently. There were no re-ruptures, but one case of deep venous thrombosis.ConclusionsThe early progressive resistance exercise program for treatment of non-surgically treated Achilles tendon rupture was feasible. Future studies should investigate the efficacy of the progressive intervention.Trial registrationThe study was registered at Clinical Trials (NCT04121377) on 29 September 2019. ClinicalTrials: NCT04121377.

The effects of progressive resistance exercise on running performance among grade 7 and 8 students in Ming Dao High School International Department

The effects of progressive resistance exercise on running performance among grade 7 and 8 students in Ming Dao High School International Department

Resistance exercise effects on hippocampus subfield volumes and biomarkers of neuroplasticity and neuroinflammation in older adults with low and high risk of mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial.

Physical exercise is suggested to promote hippocampal neuroplasticity by increasing circulating neurotrophic and anti-inflammatory factors. Our aim was to explore the interplay between the effect of progressive resistance exercise on blood biomarker levels, hippocampal neurometabolite levels and hippocampal volume in older adults with a low compared to a high risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Seventy apparently healthy male/female older adults (aged 60-85years old) were randomly allocated to a 12week lower limb progressive resistance or no intervention, stratified for low (< 26/30) or high (≥ 26/30) Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score, indicating MCI risk. Outcome measures were blood levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) or kynurenine (KYN); hippocampal total and subfield volumes of the cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) and 4 (CA4), subiculum, presubiculum, and dentate gyrus measured with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); and hippocampus neurometabolites including total N-acetylaspartate (NAA), myo-inositol (mIns), and total creatine (Cr) measured with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). We evaluated the intervention effect, cognitive status effect, their interaction and the bivariate relationship between exercise-induced changes between the outcome measures. Higher kynurenine levels (p = 0.015) and lower subiculum volumes (p = 0.043) were found in older adults with high MCI risk compared to older adults with low MCI risk. Exercise-induced CA1 volume changes were negatively correlated with hippocampal tNAA/mIns level changes (r = -0.605, p = 0.006). This study provides valuable insight in the multifactorial processes related to resistance training in older adults with low or high MCI risk.

The enhancement of explosive power contributes to the development of anaerobic capacity: A comparison of autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise and velocity-based resistance training

Background/ObjectivesDue to the character of the taekwondo, the adenosine triphosphate–phosphocreatine system provides the energy for each kick, the glycolytic system supports the repeated execution of kicks, and the aerobic system promotes recovery between these movements and the bout. Therefore, taekwondo athletes require high explosive power and anaerobic capacity in order to carry out sustained and powerful attacks. So, the purpose of this study is to compare the effects of APRE and VBRT on lower-limb explosive power and anaerobic capacity in college taekwondo players. MethodsA total of 30 taekwondo players completed an 8-week training intervention with autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise (APRE; n = 15) and velocity-based resistance training (VBRT; n = 15). Testing included the one-repetition maximum squat, countermovement jump (CMJ), taekwondo anaerobic intermittent kick test (TAIKT), and 30-s Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT). Results(1) Intragroup comparisons revealed significant effects for one-repetition maximum squat, peak power of CMJ (CMJPP), relative peak power of CMJ (CMJRPP), and total number of TAIKT (TAIKTTN) in both the APRE and VBRT groups. The VBRT group exhibited small effect sizes for time at peak power of WAnT (WAnTPPT) and moderate effect sizes for peak power of WAnT (WAnTPP), relative peak power of WAnT (WAnTRPP), and fatigue index of TAIKT (TAIKTFI), whereas the APRE group exhibited small effect sizes for TAIKTFI. (2) Intergroup comparisons revealed no significant effects in any of the results. However, VBRT demonstrated a moderate advantage in WAnTPP and WAnTRPP, whereas APRE had a small advantage in CMJPP and CMJRPP. ConclusionsThese findings suggest that APRE improved explosive power (CMJPP and CMJRPP) more, whereas VBRT improved anaerobic power output (WAnTPP and WAnTRPP) more. Both methods were found to have similar effects in improving the anaerobic endurance (WAnTPPT and TAIKTTN) and fatigue index (power drop of WAnT and TAIKTFI).

Additional Effect of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy with Lidocaine Injection on Clinical and MRI Findings in Frozen Shoulder: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Frozen shoulder is a very common musculoskeletal condition and the evidence related to the additional effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) with intra-articular (IA) lidocaine injection in individuals with frozen shoulder is rare. Therefore, this study aims to compare and investigate the additional effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) with intra-articular (IA) lidocaine injection in a frozen shoulder. Sixty eligible participants with frozen shoulder were included and the active group (n = 30, age 52.12 ± 5.2years) received a lidocaine injection (1% lidocaine (Xylocaine) and 2cc (80 mg) methylprednisolone acetate) with active ESWT (3.5 bar air pressure and 2000 pulses with an energy flux density (EFD) ¼ 0.16 mJ/mm2) three sessions a week for 4 weeks. The placebo group (n = 30, age 53.56 ± 5.5years) received lidocaine injection with placebo treatment (a special head that blocked the shock waves) three sessions a week for 4 weeks. Both groups received progressive resistance exercises (PRE) to the shoulder muscles. The primary outcome was pain intensity, measured with the visual analogue scale. The other outcome measures were the thickness of the coracohumeral ligament (CHL) measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), abduction, and lateral rotation range of motion (ROM), functional disability, kinesiophobia, depression status, and quality of life. Participants were assessed at baseline, after 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and at 6-month follow-up. The post-intervention at 4 weeks showed an improvement of 2.0 (CI 95% 1.71-2.28) in the active group compared to the placebo group. Similar effects were noted after 8 weeks (2.2) (CI 95% 1.91-2.48) and at the 6-month (1.9) (CI 95% 1.61-2.18) follow-up. Similar improvements were also found in the thickness of the CHL ligament (0.6) (CI 95% 0.46-0.73), abduction and lateral rotation (ROM) (-23.6) (CI 95% -27.47 to -19.72), (-18.10) (CI 95% -19.72 to -16.47), functional disability (16.2) (CI 95% 14.85-17.54), kinesiophobia (11.0 (CI 95% 10.21-11.98), depression status (4.4) (CI 95% 4.03-4.76) and quality of life (0.9) (CI 95% 0.79-1.00) (p = 0.001) at the 6-month follow-up period, where mean estimates and their confidence intervals all included worthwhile effects. There were no adverse reactions or side effects noted in either the active or placebo groups during and after the treatment. The study concluded that the addition of extracorporeal shockwave therapy after intra-articular lidocaine injection improves pain, functional disability, range of motion, kinesiophobia, depression status, and quality of life in people with frozen shoulder. https://ctri.nic.in , identifier; CTRI/2020/04/024834 prospectively registered on 24/04/2020.

Effectiveness of Mindfulness Yoga and Progressive Resistance Exercises on Anxiety and Depression among Parkinson’s Disease

Background: This study was designed to inspect the effectiveness of Mindfulness Yoga and Progressive resistanceexercise on anxiety and depression among Parkinson’s disease.Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of Mindfulness Yoga and Progressive resistance exercise on anxiety anddepression among Parkinson’s diseaseMaterials and Methods: The study was conducted with a sample size of 28 participants . The subjects were selectedfrom Sri Saga Physiotherapy Centre, according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were completelyexplained about the safety and simplicity of the procedure and informed consent were obtained from the patient.For all the subjects Pre-test outcome measure were assessed using Hamilton anxiety and Hamilton depressionscale. The subjects was divided into two groups based on concealed envelope method .Group A were givenmindfulness yoga for 4 weeks of duration of 30 mins and Group-B were given Progressive resistance exercise for4 weeks (10 reps*3 sets where 10RM=1kg) .At the end of 4th week post outcome measures were analyzed usingHamilton anxiety and Hamilton depression scale and statistically tabulated.Result: Statistical analysis of Hamilton anxiety and Hamilton depression scale examination post-test valuesrevealed the constantly significant differences, with P value of &lt; 0.0001.Conclusion: Mindfulness yoga was found to be more effective than progressive resistance exercise in reducinganxiety and depression symptoms among Parkinson’s patients.

Effect of Aerobic Exercise and Progressive Resistance Exercise in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Among Insomnia: A Comparative Study

Background: A general definition of insomnia is a lack of satisfaction with either the quality or quantity of sleep.This is typically accompanied by one or more of the following: difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep,difficulties awakening frequently or having trouble going back to sleep after awakening, and difficulty awakeningin the early morning and having trouble going back to sleep.Purpose: To compare the effect of aerobic and progressive resistance exercise in Pittsburgh sleep quality indexamong patients with insomniaMaterials and Methods: This was an experimental study. The 30 subjects were taken from the srisaithajam oldage home.The subjects were split into two distinct groups as Group A (15 Subjects) and Group B (15 subjects). Allthe 30 subjects were assessed with Trunk Impairment Scale . Group A received task oriented training and GroupB received Swiss ball exercise along with convention therapy given for both the groups. Exercise were given for4 weeks, 5 days per week, 10 repetition * 3 sets. Pre test and post test values were calculated and tabulated.Theintervention was given four weeks. The study period was from September 2022 to July 2023.Results: The collected data was statistically analyzed using an unpaired t-test. When comparing the Aerobicgroup(Group A) to the progressive resistance group(Group B), the aerobic group indicates significant effects (p0.01) in Insomnia and improving the quality of life as assessed by the Pittsburgh Scale Quality Index amongInsomniaConclusion: According to the research Resistance exercise training is less effective than aerobic exercise trainingat reducing inflammation and improving sleep quality in subjects with insomnia.

Effects of the combination of pulsed electromagnetic field with progressive resistance exercise on knee osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled trial.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common and disabling disease among the elderly population. The optimal conservative treatment for knee OA is not well established. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) combined with progressive resistance exercise (PRE) in improving physical function and pain in patients with knee OA. Thirty-four patients with knee OA (17 in each group) participated in a single-blind randomized control study. Patients were randomly assigned to receive 24 sessions of either combined PEMF and PRE (treatment group) or PRE only (control group). Patients were evaluated at pre-treatment, post-treatment (2 months), and at 3-month and 6-month follow-ups using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS); walking speed and 5-times chair stand test. Mixed ANOVA was used for statistical analysis with Bonferroni adjustments. There was no significant group-by-time interaction for any outcome (P> 0.05). However, both groups scored significantly higher on the NPRS and KOOS at post-treatment, 3-, and 6-month follow-up compared to their baseline. Further, both groups completed the 5-times chair stand test and walking speed test with significantly less time at all post-treatment time points than the pre-treatment. None of the study outcomes (NPRS, KOOS, walking speed, and 5 times chair stand) were significantly different between groups at any of the time points. Both treatment options, PRE only versus PRE with PEMF, were equally effective in decreasing pain and improving physical function in patients with knee OA. This would suggest that the optimal parameters for PEMF that may show beneficial effects for knee OA when added to PRE training need to be determined.

Resistance exercise protects mice from protein-induced fat accretion.

Low-protein (LP) diets extend the lifespan of diverse species and are associated with improved metabolic health in both rodents and humans. Paradoxically, many athletes and bodybuilders consume high-protein (HP) diets and protein supplements, yet are both fit and metabolically healthy. Here, we examine this paradox using weight pulling, a validated progressive resistance exercise training regimen, in mice fed either an LP diet or an isocaloric HP diet. We find that despite having lower food consumption than the LP group, HP-fed mice gain significantly more fat mass than LP-fed mice when not exercising, while weight pulling protected HP-fed mice from this excess fat accretion. The HP diet augmented exercise-induced hypertrophy of the forearm flexor complex, and weight pulling ability increased more rapidly in the exercised HP-fed mice. Surprisingly, exercise did not protect from HP-induced changes in glycemic control. Our results confirm that HP diets can augment muscle hypertrophy and accelerate strength gain induced by resistance exercise without negative effects on fat mass, and also demonstrate that LP diets may be advantageous in the sedentary. Our results highlight the need to consider both dietary composition and activity, not simply calories, when taking a precision nutrition approach to health.

Resistance exercise protects mice from protein-induced fat accretion

Low-protein (LP) diets extend the lifespan of diverse species and are associated with improved metabolic health in both rodents and humans. Paradoxically, many athletes and bodybuilders consume high-protein (HP) diets and protein supplements, yet are both fit and metabolically healthy. Here, we examine this paradox using weight pulling, a validated progressive resistance exercise training regimen, in mice fed either an LP diet or an isocaloric HP diet. We find that despite having lower food consumption than the LP group, HP-fed mice gain significantly more fat mass than LP-fed mice when not exercising, while weight pulling protected HP-fed mice from this excess fat accretion. The HP diet augmented exercise-induced hypertrophy of the forearm flexor complex, and weight pulling ability increased more rapidly in the exercised HP-fed mice. Surprisingly, exercise did not protect from HP-induced changes in glycemic control. Our results confirm that HP diets can augment muscle hypertrophy and accelerate strength gain induced by resistance exercise without negative effects on fat mass, and also demonstrate that LP diets may be advantageous in the sedentary. Our results highlight the need to consider both dietary composition and activity, not simply calories, when taking a precision nutrition approach to health.

Preventing lower limb lymphedema after pelvic lymphadenectomy with progressive resistance exercise training: A randomized controlled trial

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the efficacy of a self-designed progressive resistance exercise training program for preventing the development of lower limb lymphedema. MethodsAn open-label randomized controlled trial was conducted in patients who underwent radical surgery for cervical cancer treatment in our department between October 7, 2019, and October 7, 2021. The participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: progressive resistance exercise training, graduated compression stocking, and control group. ResultsA total of 267 patients were enrolled (89 in each group). The incidence of lower limb lymphedema was 9.0% (n = 8) in the progressive resistance exercise training group, 28.1% (n = 25) in the graduated compression stocking group, and 42.7% (n = 38) in the control group. Over the 2-year follow-up period, the risk of lower limb lymphedema was significantly lower in the progressive resistance exercise training group than in the control group, with a hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) of 0.156 (0.073–0.335). The study was underpowered to demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in risk in the graduated compression stocking group, with an HR (95% CI) of 0.624 (0.376–1.033). ConclusionsProgressive resistance exercise training is an effective strategy for preventing lower limb lymphedema after pelvic lymphadenectomy for cervical cancer. It imposes no additional economic burden and can be performed conveniently without the need for dedicated exercise facilities. This makes it particularly accessible to patients in developing countries, allowing them to exercise at their convenience. Trial registrationChiCTR1800014905.

A Review of Physiotherapy Techniques Used in the Treatment of Tennis Elbow.

Tennis elbow, a common musculoskeletal disorder also known as lateral epicondylitis, causes pain and tenderness on the outside of the elbow. Although it is frequently linked to repetitive motions, such as those in racquet sports, it can affect people in a variety of occupations and activities. Tennis elbow can be treated conservatively with physiotherapy, which focuses on pain management, functional recovery, and recurrence prevention. The goal of this review is to give a thorough overview of the physiotherapy methods used to treat tennis elbow. In order to determine the most effective treatment options, it is crucial to comprehend the pathophysiology and etiology of tennis elbow from the outset of the study. The assessment and diagnosis of tennis elbow are next covered, emphasizing the importance of physiotherapists in correctly diagnosing the ailment and distinguishing it from other musculoskeletal problems that are comparable to it. This study primarily focuses on the numerous physiotherapy therapies for tennis elbow, which may include but are not limited to, and the section examines the use of manual treatments to treat pain and enhance joint function, including joint mobilizations, soft tissue massage, and myofascial release. Exercise rehabilitation covers the value of tailored workouts to bolster the weak muscles and enhance the elbow joint's biomechanics. Numerous workout regimens are covered, such as eccentric training and progressive resistance exercises, as well as modalities. Therapeutic agents frequently make use of modalities such as ultrasound, laser therapy, and cryotherapy. It may also make use of complementary therapeutic agents such as taping and bracing. In summary, this in-depth analysis highlights the crucial role that physical therapy plays in the treatment of tennis elbow. It seeks to give practitioners a useful tool for enhancing the care and results of patients with this common and crippling ailment by summarizing the most recent research and best practices in physiotherapy approaches.

Human muscle-tendon unit mechanobiological responses to consecutive high strain cyclic loading.

In response to a mechanical stimulus, tendons have a slower tissue renewal rate compared with muscles. This could, over time, lead to a higher mechanical demand (experienced strain) for the tendon, especially when a high strain magnitude exercise is repeated without sufficient recovery. The current study investigated the adaptive responses of the human triceps surae (TS) muscle-tendon unit (MTU) and extracellular matrix turnover-related biomarkers to repetitive high tendon strain cyclic loading. Eleven young adult males performed a progressive resistance exercise over 12 consecutive days, consisting of high Achilles tendon (AT) strain cyclic loading (90% MVC) with one leg once a day (LegT1) and the alternate leg three times a day (LegT3). Exercise-related changes in TS MTU mechanical properties and serum concentrations of extracellular matrix turnover-related biomarkers were analysed over the intervention period. Both legs demonstrated similar increases in maximal AT force (∼10%) over the 12day period of exercise. A ∼20% increase in maximal AT strain was found for LegT3 (P<0.05) after 8 consecutive exercise days, along with a corresponding decrease in AT stiffness. These effects were maintained even after a 48 h rest period. The AT mechanical properties for LegT1 were unaltered. Biomarker analysis revealed no sign of inflammation but there was altered collagen turnover and a delay in collagen type I synthesis. Accordingly, we suggest that tendon is vulnerable to frequent high magnitude cyclic mechanical loading as accumulation of micro-damage can potentially exceed the rate of biological repair, leading to increased maximal tendon strain.

Novel Approach to Intradialytic Progressive Resistance Exercise Training

Physical activity levels are typically undesirably low in chronic kidney disease patients, especially in those undergoing haemodialysis, and particularly on dialysis days. Intradialytic exercise programmes could be a solution to this issue and have been reported to be safe and relatively easily implemented in dialysis clinics. Nevertheless, such implementation has been failing in part due to barriers such as the lack of funding, qualified personnel, equipment, and patient motivation. Intradialytic aerobic exercise has been the most used type of intervention in dialysis clinics. However, resistance exercise may be superior in eliciting potential benefits on indicators of muscle strength and mass. Yet, few intradialytic exercise programmes have focused on this type of intervention, and the ones which have report inconsistent benefits, diverging on prescribed exercise intensity, absent or subjective load progression, equipment availability, or exercise supervision. Commonly, intradialytic resistance exercise interventions use free weights, ankle cuffs, or elastic bands which hinder load progression and exercise intensity monitoring. Here, we introduce a recently developed intradialytic resistance exercise device and propose an accompanying innovative resistance exercise training protocol which aims to improve the quality of resistance exercise interventions within dialysis treatment sessions.

59 The effectiveness of a progressive resistance exercise class for Sarcopenic hospitalised older adults

Abstract Background Sarcopenia is common in the older inpatient population with an estimated prevalence of 22.6%. A Progressive Resistance Training (PRT) program addressing sarcopenia is recommended to counteract its adverse effects of increased falls and mortality. The delivery of exercise in the acute setting can pose a challenge for health care professionals. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a PRT exercise class for older adults in an acute setting. Methods This was an observational study using a convenience sample of older adults undergoing physiotherapy within the hospital. All participants deemed medically suitable were referred by their primary physiotherapist. Participants underwent PRT including upper and lower body exercises, twice a week. These patients also undertook regular physiotherapy outside of the class. The primary outcome measures were the five times Sit-to-Stand (5STS) and bilateral hand-grip recorded by their primary physiotherapist pre-class attendance and on their last class. Results A total of 10 participants engaged in the PRT class. 70% were male and 30% were female with and average age of 77.5 years. The average number of classes attended was 3.1. Participants demonstrated an improvement in sarcopenic measure of 5STS, median change of 7.9 seconds (interquartile range [IQR] 4.88–11.75 seconds), and grip strength, median improvement in left 0.96 kgs (IQR -3.85-5.18) and right 0.1kgs (IQR -1.55-1.68). Conclusion This PRT exercise class demonstrated an improvement in sarcopenic measures in hospitalised older adults. These results are not exclusively due to PRT class attendance however this programme is an example of an effective way to address the negative effects of sarcopenia and the identified research gap in providing exercise in the acute setting. Further research is required to examine the effect of combining nutritional education with PRT training as an intervention for older adults with sarcopenia.

"We want more": perspectives of sarcopenic older women on the feasibility of high-intensity progressive resistance exercises and a whey-protein nutrition intervention.

This qualitative study is nested within a 12-week pilot randomized-controlled, two-arm trial involving high-intensity progressive resistance training (PRT) or PRT with a multi-nutrient, whey-protein supplementation (PRT+WP) in sarcopenic older adults (trial registration no: TCTR20230703001). The aim was to investigate sarcopenic participants' perceptions and barriers to this multi-modal intervention strategy that may accelerate "real-world" implementation. Eighteen older adults (one man) with possible sarcopenia were invited to join the study, of whom 16 women were randomized to a thrice-weekly PRT (n = 8) program (80% of 1-repetitive maximum, six resistance band exercises) only or PRT plus daily weekday milk-based WP supplementation (PRT+WP, n = 8). Muscle strength (handgrip and 5-times sit-to-stand), mass (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), performance (Short Physical Performance Battery and stair ascent-descent), and nutrition status (Mini Nutritional Assessment) were assessed for changes. We randomly selected eight women for the semi-structured interview. Post-intervention, eight (50%) women were sarcopenia-free, six (38%) remained in possible sarcopenia, one (6%) improved to sarcopenia, and one (6%) deteriorated from possible to severe sarcopenia. There were no significant between-group differences, but significant within-group improvements (p < 0.05) were detected for handgrip strength (PRT+WP 5.0 kg, d = 0.93; PRT 6.1 kg, d = 0.55), 5-times sit-to-stand time (PRT 2.0 s, d = 1.04), nutrition score (PRT+WP 3.44, d = 0.52; PRT 1.80, d = 0.44), and stair ascent time (PRT+WP 0.97 s, d = 0.77; PRT 0.75 s, d = 0.97). Our thematic analyses identified four main themes, namely, (1) perceived benefits, (2) sustaining behavior changes, (3) challenges in participating, and (4) improved wellbeing. Participants expressed how they initially were skeptical and doubted that they could complete the exercises or tolerate the milk-based WP supplements. However, they reported positive experiences and benefits felt from strength gains, increased confidence, and better physical abilities. Participants were surprised by the zero adverse effects of WP supplements. The women wanted more nutritional information and structured, guided exercise programs and suggested a community-based implementation. In conclusion, our findings showed PRT was well received and may support reduced risks of sarcopenia. No added benefits were seen with the addition of WP supplementation, but a larger sample is required to address this question. Overall, older (previously sarcopenic) Malay women indicated that they want more multi-modal programs embedded in their community.

Differential Diagnosis Of Lower Extremity Pain During Progressive Resistance Exercise: A Case Report

Differential Diagnosis Of Lower Extremity Pain During Progressive Resistance Exercise: A Case Report

Comparing autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise and velocity-based resistance training on jump performance in college badminton athletes.

Jumping ability has been identified as a key factor that influences the performance of badminton athletes. Autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise (APRE) and velocity-based resistance training (VBRT) are commonly used approaches to enhance muscle strength and have been shown to accurately monitor the development of explosive power to improve jumping ability. This study aims to investigate the effects of APRE and VBRT on badminton athletes' jumping ability and to provide practical insights into improving their jumping performance during competitions. Upon completing familiarization and pretesting, 18 badminton athletes were included and completed the training intervention (age, 21.4 ± 1.4 years; stature, 170.1 ± 7.3 cm; body mass, 65.9 ± 12 kg); they were randomly divided into the APRE group (n = 9) and VBRT group (n = 9). Jumping performance was assessed during the countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), and drop jump (DJ) via SmartJump, with CMJ 's and SJ's jump height, eccentric utilization ratio (EUR), and reactive strength index (RSI). All participants then completed a 4-week in-season resistance training intervention. (1) The results of the within-group indicated that only the CMJ (pre: 41.56 ± 7.84 vs post: 43.57 ± 7.85, p < 0.05) of the APRE group had significant differences, whereas the SJ, EUR, and RSI were not significantly different (p > 0.05). (2) The results of the intergroups revealed that all indicators had no significant differences (p > 0.05), but APRE had a moderate effect size on the improvement of the CMJ (η2 = 0.244) and EUR (η2 = 0.068) when compared with VBRT. The results showed that, compared to VBRT, APRE can effectively improve the performance of the reactive athletes' lower limb explosive power in the CMJ in a shorter period of time. The findings indicate that APRE may be useful for coaches seeking to improve the CMJ performance of athletes in the short term.

Changing Practice: Clinical Application of Resistance Training Evidence for Children With Cerebral Palsy.

Describe the development and application of a progressive resistance exercise (PRE) program for children with cerebral palsy (CP), which became a standard care model at an urban specialty hospital network. Muscle structure and performance have been shown to impact function and participation in children with CP. Use of PRE to achieve function and participation goals is supported by a growing body of evidence. A novel guideline, focused on individualized, goal-focused PRE dosing, professional development, program monitoring, and outcome measures use, facilitated application of a new clinical practice. Practice change was accomplished by translating evidence using a clinical guideline resulting in positive child function and participation outcomes. This Special Communication provides an example of addressing goal-related muscle performance impairments in children with CP. Clinicians should consider updating long-standing physical therapy intervention strategies by incorporating goal-specific PRE into practice.