Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercises Research Articles

The Effect of Breathing and Relaxation Exercises on Self-Care, Dyspnea, and Fatigue in Heart Failure: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Dyspnea, fatigue, and self-care are common occurrences of heart failure. This study evaluated the effects of yoga breathing and progressive muscle relaxation exercises on dyspnea, fatigue, and self-care in heart failure. The study conducted between April 2023 and March 2024 randomized 66 heart failure patients into 3 groups (yoga breathing exercise, progressive muscle relaxation exercise, and control). The intervention groups engaged in specific exercises tailored to their assigned regimen for 10minutes twice daily over a 2-week period, while the control group maintained their pharmacological treatment. At the end of the intervention (second week) yoga breathing exercise notably ameliorated fatigue, dyspnea, and self-care (P <.001), changes in saturation, heart rate, and respiratory rate favoring the intervention groups (P <.05). Yoga breathing exercises enhance self-care, alleviate fatigue, and dyspnea in heart failure. Additionally, yoga breathing and progressive muscle relaxation exercises provide benefits in regulating saturation, heart rate, and respiratory rate in heart failure.

Improving Mental Health Outcome in Hypertensive Patients: The Role of Relaxation Techniques

Background: Relaxation techniques (progressive muscle relaxation and deep breathing) have an impact on the patients with hypertension as they produce a relaxation response within the body and thus, are efficient in lowering the stress and blood pressure in the patients. Objective: This study aims to determine the role of relaxation techniques (progressive muscle relaxation and deep breathing) on improving mental health outcome in hypertensive patients (depression, anxiety and stress). Methodology: A Quasi-experimental design used to guide this study, it was conducted by use of a pre-posttest approach during the period 26th of November, 2023 to 7th of April, 2024. A non-probability (purposive) sampling has been performed during a selection of (100) patients who attending Outpatient Clinic in Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital, (50) patients as control group and (50) patients as study group. The researcher used a socio-demographic and psychological parameter scale (DASS-21). Results: The findings of the current study show highly statistically significant differences in post-test between study and control group (at P ≤ 0.001). On other hand, there is no statistically significant difference in the pre-test between the two group of all psychological parameter (at P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Based on the study's findings, progressive muscle relaxation and deep breathing exercises can both proved to be significantly effective in improve mental health in hypertensive patients (depression, anxiety and stress). Recommendations: In order to reduce hypertension and other psychological parameters in patients with essential hypertension, the researcher suggested combining pharmacological therapies with non-drug therapy (relaxation techniques intervention) in the management of hypertension.

The Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercises on Sleep Quality in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Study

The Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercises on Sleep Quality in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Study

Effects of a muscle relaxation exercise programme on test anxiety and sleep quality among fourth‐year nursing students before comprehensive examination in Palestine

AbstractIntroductionThere is a lack of research on the effect of progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) on minimising test anxiety and enhancing sleep quality among nursing students in Arab countries, including Palestine. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of a PMR intervention programme on test anxiety and sleep quality in fourth‐year nursing students before the comprehensive examination in Palestine.MethodsA one‐group pre‐/postdesign was conducted on a group of fourth‐year nursing students before the comprehensive examination (N = 60) at Arab American University in Palestine. The PMR programme consisted of five sessions lasting 45 min over the course of 1 week and was implemented from the beginning of January to the end of January 2024.ResultsFindings indicated a significant difference in test anxiety pre‐ and post‐PMR exercise (t[59] = 19.3, p &lt; .01). Also, a significant difference was found in sleep quality before and after the PMR exercise (t[59] = 15.4, p &lt; .01). Additionally, no difference was found in test anxiety and sleep based on age and gender pre‐/post‐PMR intervention programme.ConclusionThis study proposes that PMR effectively reduces test anxiety and improves sleep quality among nursing students. Therefore, the PMR programme should be incorporated as a therapeutic intervention for nursing students and students in general and particularly those suffering from test anxiety and poor sleep quality. Also, mental health counsellors and instructors can use such interventions in their therapeutic management as non‐pharmacological therapy.

The effects of progressive muscle relaxation exercise on dementia caregivers

While progressive muscle relaxation has demonstrated effectiveness in reducing anxiety, stress, and depression in general populations, its impact on caregivers of dementia patients remains understudied. This study investigated the effectiveness of Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) in improving the well-being of dementia caregivers. Caregivers of individuals with dementia (n = 57) participated in a 3-month intervention, engaging in PMR thrice weekly. Participants completed assessments of depression, anxiety, stress, and caregiver burden at pre-test and post-intervention period. The intervention led to significant reductions in anxiety, stress, depression, and caregiver burden among participants. Female caregivers reported to have higher levels of anxiety and stress compared to males. Caregivers under financial stress showed high levels of distress and increased caregiver burden. These promising findings suggest the need for further research with larger, multicenter samples. Notably, PMR is a readily implementable intervention by nurses, requiring minimal equipment and offering a cost-effective approach to supporting caregiver well-being.

The effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercises on postmenopausal sleep quality and fatigue: a single-blind randomized controlled study.

This single-blind, randomized controlled study aimed to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercises on sleep quality and fatigue in the postmenopausal period. Progressive muscle relaxation aims to relax the muscles in the body and includes breathing techniques. This study was carried out between January 2022 and July 2022 with 63 postmenopausal women who applied to a district state hospital and had poor sleep quality. The women assigned to the experimental group (EG) (n = 31) applied progressive muscle relaxation exercises every day for 8 weeks. In contrast, the women in the control group (CG) (n = 32) continued their routine coping habits related to sleep problems and fatigue in the postmenopausal period. The EG and CG were reevaluated using the Piper Fatigue Scale and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index in the fourth and eighth weeks. The women applied progressive muscle relaxation exercises with a guide prepared by the researchers and the compact disc of the Turkish Psychologists Association. In the data analysis, the independent-samples t test, Fisher's exact test, and χ2 test were used to compare individual, obstetric, and medical characteristics between the groups. The difference between dependent groups at different times was evaluated by repeated-measures analysis of variance. There was an improvement in fatigue symptoms in the progressive muscle relaxation exercises-performing EG at the end of 8 weeks compared with the CG, and fatigue symptoms increased in the CG (P < 0.001). There was a greater improvement in the sleep quality of the progressive muscle relaxation exercises-performing EG at the end of 8 weeks compared with the CG (P < 0.001). In our study, it was determined that progressive muscle relaxation exercises had an improving effect on sleep quality and fatigue.

Reduced Blood Glucose Levels in Diabetic Patients After Using a Combination of Progressive Muscle Relaxation (Pro-Mure) and Slow Deep Breathing Exercises (SD-Bex)

Background: One of the causes of diabetes mellitus is a person's lifestyle, namely their level of physical inactivity. So, to avoid complications, persons with diabetes mellitus require both pharmaceutical and non-pharmacological treatments to lower blood glucose values. Finding out if people with diabetes mellitus might reduce their blood glucose levels by combining a technique that involved slow deep breathing and progressive muscular relaxation was the primary goal of the research. Methods: This study is quasi-experimental because it uses a control group design with pre- and post-tests. The number of respondents is 34, and the method of sampling is purposive sampling. Twenty to twenty-five minutes of a combination of progressive muscle relaxation (Pro-Mure) and slow deep breathing exercises (SD-Bex) were administered to the experimental group, while the control group received the usual course of intervention. Values of blood glucose levels were the dependent variable. With a p-value of less than 0.05, the study used the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test to compare outcomes before and after treatment and the Mann-Whitney test to compare the experimental group to the control group. Results: We found that the intervention group's blood glucose value was 0.001 and the control group's was 0.025. A p-value of 0.001 was found on the value of blood glucose levels between the experimental group and the control group as a result of the study utilising the Mann-Whitney test. Conclusion: Those suffering from diabetes mellitus can find relief from their symptoms by combining the techniques of Progressive Muscle Relaxation with Slow Deep Breathing. Additionally, the method is simple to apply.

Effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercises on symptoms of premenstrual syndrome: A single-blind randomızed controlled trial

AimThis study was carried out to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercises (PMR) on premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms. MethodsThe study was designed in a single-blind randomized controlled type. The study was conducted in a hospital in Western Türkiye. Seventy-nine single women who experienced PMS who met the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to the experimental group in which PMR would be applied, and the control group to continue their routine coping habits regarding PMS. PMR were applied to the experimental group every day for 8 weeks. At the end of 8 weeks, the experimental and control groups were re-evaluated with the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS). ResultsAt the beginning of the study, it was observed that the individual, health characteristics and PMSS mean scores of the women in the experimental and control groups were similar (p > 0.05). At the end of eight weeks, it was seen that the mean PMSS score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). When in-group comparisons were made at the end of the exercise program, no significant difference was found in the mean PMSS score of the control group compared to the beginning (p > 0.05). The PMSS score of the experimental group decreased significantly and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). ConclusionIn this study, it was seen that PMR were effective in improving PMS.

The effect of neurolinguistic programming and progressive muscle relaxation exercises on breastfeeding success and breastfeeding self-efficacy: A randomized controlled trial

IntroductionThis research was to determine the effect of neurolinguistic programming (NLP) and progressive muscle relaxation exercises (PMRE) on breastfeeding success and breastfeeding self-efficacy in primiparous women after cesarean section. Material and methodsThis is a single-blind, three-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial. Data were collected between 01 October 2023, and 18 December 2023. The sample of the study consisted of 99 primiparous women who gave birth by cesarean section (NLP=33, PMRE=33, and control=33). Women were randomly assigned to the groups. Starting from the first mobilization time after cesarean section, NLP was applied to the NLP group and PMRE was applied to the PMRE group every eight hours for 48 h. In the control group, NLP or PMRE was not applied and the women were allowed to rest on their backs. The primary outcomes of the study were breastfeeding success and breastfeeding self-efficacy. ResultsThe mean scores of breastfeeding success and breastfeeding self-efficacy measured over time were highest in the NLP group and lowest in the control group (p<.05). The mean scores of breastfeeding success and breastfeeding self-efficacy measured over time increased by 78.4 %, and 97.7 %, respectively, in the NLP group compared to the control group, 74.7 %, and 88.1 %, in the PMRE group compared to the control group, and 13.5 %, and 90.2 %, respectively, in the NLP group compared to the PMRE group (p<.05). ConclusionNLP intervention may have a more positive effect on breastfeeding success and breastfeeding self-efficacy than PMRE intervention. Trial and protocol registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06070792.

Effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation on sleep disturbance in athletes

Background: Athletes have general complaints about sleep disturbance which is important for body recovery, healthy brain and body functions, tissue wear and tear, and the body's immune system. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) on sleep disturbance in athletes. Methodology: N=24 athletes aged 18 to 36 years participating in a competition were included in a randomized controlled trial. Athletes who were training for a competition, aged between 18 -and 36 years, and athletes with sleep disturbance score (SDS) falling above 4 on the Athletic Sleep Screening Questionnaire were included. Athlete sleep screening questionnaire (ASSQ) was used to assess sleep disturbance score (SDS). Athletes were randomly assigned to the experimental (n=12) and control (n=12) groups. The experimental group was given progressive muscle relaxation and re-assessed the next day for SDS. Results: The pre-post analysis showed that progressive muscle relaxation reduced the athletes' sleep disturbance score significantly one day after the intervention with a large effect size (p=0.006 Cohen's d= 1.44) in the experimental group. The mean of the mean differences of SDS of both groups were compared which showed a group had a significantly improved sleep disturbance score compared to a control group with a large effect size. (Mean= 1.41 ±1.44 v/s 0.00±1.85, p≤ 0.01, Cohen's d= 1.66). Conclusion: Progressive Muscle Relaxation exercises can be a non-pharmacological method to help athletes sleep by simple head-to-toe muscles contract and relax technique. Clinical Trail No: NCT05695092

Effects of progressive muscle relaxation exercises on the vital signs and fatigue in kidney transplant patients: a randomized controlled trial.

Multiple effective nursing interventions are needed to manage deviations from normal vital signs and fatigue experienced by kidney transplant patients. In this study, we investigated the effect of progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) exercises on vital signs and fatigue in kidney transplant patients. We conducted a randomized controlled experimental study with 52 patients (intervention = 26, control = 26) who underwent kidney transplantation at a university hospital in Turkey and met the inclusion criteria. The "Descriptive Characteristics Form", "Vital Signs Monitoring Form", and "Fatigue Severity Scale" were used to record data on the patients. Then, the patients in the intervention group (baseline assessment) were trained to perform PMR exercises, asked to practice, and followed up (first follow-up). Patients were recommended to perform PMR exercises for 20min every day for four weeks. The second follow-up in the second week after discharge and the third follow-up at the end of the fourth week were performed in the outpatient clinic. We found that the pulse rate, body temperature, and arterial blood pressure decreased over time and oxygen saturation increased in the patients of the intervention group. The PMR exercises decreased fatigue in these patients. The arterial blood pressure and oxygen saturation values differed significantly across different time points among the patients in the control group. The difference in the scores of fatigue severity between the pre-follow-up and the third follow-up in the control group was not significant. PMR exercises were found to be an effective nursing intervention in regulating vital signs and reducing fatigue in renal transplant patients.

The effects of progressive muscle relaxation exercise applied to lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy on dyspnea, pain and sleep quality: A randomized controlled trial

PurposeThe aim of the present study is the analysis of how progressive muscle relaxation exercise affects dyspnea, pain and sleep quality in patients with lung cancer receiving chemotherapy. MethodsSeventy-four patients diagnosed with lung cancer were included in this randomized controlled study. A total of 16 sessions of progressive muscle relaxation exercises were applied to the patients in the intervention group for a duration of 30 min, 2 days a week for 8 weeks. Patient Information Form, Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (MRC dyspnea scale), Pitssburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Visual Analog Scale- Pain (VAS-P) were used to collect data. ResultsSocio-demographic and disease characteristics were found to be similar in control and intervention groups. Final scores indicated significant differences between the experimental and control groups in all variables. The experimental group showed significantly more favorable results in dyspnea (p < 0.001), pain (p < 0.003) and sleep (p < 0.001) symptoms. When the effect size values (Cohen's d) of these findings were analyzed, PMR exercise was found to have a moderate effect on mean VAS-P scores (0.548) and a large effect on mean MRC dyspnea scale (1.073) and PSQI (0.970) scores. These results indicated significant differences in pre and post intervention mean scores. ConclusionProgressive muscle relaxation exercise applied to lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy was found to be effective in reducing dyspnea and pain severity and improving sleep quality.Clinical trial registration at ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT04978805

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Jacobson Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercise on Premenstrual Syndrome among Adolescent Girls in Selected Higher Secondary School , Silvassa, Dadra Nagar Haveli

INTRODUCTION: Women are smart and savvy. Striving to live up to their potentials, they are curious about the world they live in and want to make a difference. But adolescent is a period they struggle with the issues of menstruation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of Jacobson Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercise on Premenstrual Syndrome among adolescent girls. DESIGN: A quantitative approach using quasi experimental pre-test post-test design with control group. PARTICIPANTS: 100 adolescent girls with moderate to severe premenstrual syndrome was selected using Non probability purposive sampling technique in Government Higher Secondary School at Silvassa. INTERVENTION: Jacobson Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercise was given for a period of 15-20 minutes once a day for 28 days. TOOL: self administered modified Stainer and Wilkins PMS diagnostic criteria were used to assess the level of PMS. RESULTS: Analysis using Paired‘t’ test found significant. CONCLUSION: The findings of the study revealed that Jacobson Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercise helps in decreasing premenstrual syndrome among adolescent girls.

A randomized controlled trial of effects of sleep hygiene training and progressive muscle relaxation training in children with ADHD

ObjectSleep problems often accompany ADHD and negatively affect ADHD symptoms, however, there are not enough intervention studies on sleep interventions in children with ADHD. The present study investigated the effects of sleep hygiene training (SH) and progressive muscle relaxation exercises (PMR) in children with ADHD. Method: 57 children aged 6–12 years with ADHD were randomly assigned to the SH and SH + PMR groups and completed the intervention consisting of group training and eight weeks of telephone interviews. The effects of both intervenitons were evaluated via parent, child and clinician report scales and neuropsychological tests. Results: Both interventions resulted in significant positive changes in child sleep, ADHD symptoms, functioning, neuropsychological tests and parental sleep quality. Significant differences were found between the interventions in selective attention, peer problems and anxiety scores in favor of the SH + PMR group. Conclusion: SH may have positive effects on various clinical parameters as well as sleep problems in children with ADHD. Addition of PMR to SH may lead to further improvements in anxiety, peer problems and selective attention. SH and PMR may be a useful tool in the clinical management of children with ADHD with sleep problems.

Effect of mHealth-based relaxation program on stress coping and anxiety levels in mothers of children with cancer: A randomized controlled study

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the effects of a mHealth-based relaxation program on anxiety and stress coping levels in mothers of children with cancer. MethodsThis randomized controlled, single-blind, parallel-group trial was conducted in the pediatric hematology-oncology unit of a university hospital. The study was completed by 50 mothers (intervention group: n = 25; control group: n = 25). The mothers in the intervention group participated in a mHealth-based relaxation program for eight weeks (including progressive muscle relaxation, guided imagery, and the four-leaf clover of mindfulness). Videos of the relaxation program were sent to mothers’ WhatsApp accounts. The mothers in the control group received routine care. The State-Trait Anxiety and Stress Coping Scales were administered during the first and eighth weeks. The registration number of this study on ClinicalTrials.gov is NCT05807295. ResultsMothers who participated in the relaxation program had lower anxiety levels and higher stress-coping scores than those in the control group (p < 0.05). ConclusionProgressive muscle relaxation exercises, guided imagery, and cognitive-based therapeutic approaches were effective in reducing mothers’ anxiety and stress coping. Practice implicationsPediatric oncology nurses can apply mHealth-based relaxation programs to support caregivers, particularly mothers. In this way, ensuring the continuity and integrity of care is easy.

Pengaruh Kombinasi Latihan Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) dan Pijat Punggung Terhadap Tekanan Darah pada Penderita Hipertensi di Wilayah RW 001 Sarua Indah Ciputat Tangerang Selatan Tahun 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of a combination of Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) exercises and back massage on blood pressure in hypertension sufferers in the RW001 Sarua Indah Ciputat area, South Tangerang. This research uses a descriptive study type of research with a quantitative approach. The appropriate method for this research is the pre-experimental research method. Design Pre-experimental design is a design that includes only one group or class that is given pre- and post-tests (Sugiyono, 2014). This research design only uses a single group, so it does not require a control group. Before being given treatment, the experimental group first underwent a pretest, followed by action (intervention), namely using a combination of Progressive Muscle Relaxation and Back Massage exercises, then continued with giving a posttest.

The effects of yoga and progressive muscle relaxation exercises on premenstrual syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

ABSTRACT In this study, university students with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) were evaluated for their responses to the practices of yoga and progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) to combat PMS, and the depression, anxiety, and stress associated with it. A total of 68 students participated in a randomized controlled trial. They were divided into four parallel groups: a yoga intervention group (n = 17), a PMR intervention group (n = 17), a yoga and PMR intervention group (n = 17), and a control group (n = 17). Data were collected between April 2022 and June 2022, from students who practiced only yoga, who practiced only PMR, and who practiced both yoga and PMR. A Personal Information Form, the PMS Scale, and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale were used as measurement tools. The yoga and yoga + PMR groups had lower scores for the PMS Scale in the posttest than the other groups (p < .05). Depression, anxiety, and stress sub-dimension mean scores were lower in the yoga, PMR + yoga, and PMR groups compared to the control group (p < .05). The results suggest that yoga and PMR interventions are beneficial non-pharmacological treatments for PMS, depression, anxiety, and stress. Clinical Registration Name, Registration Number, Registration Date: The Effects of Yoga and Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercises on Premenstrual Syndrome, NCT05396976, April 5, 2022.

Effect of online health training/counseling and progressive muscle relaxation exercise on postpartum depression and maternal attachment: A randomized controlled trial.

To evaluate the effect of online health training/counseling and a progressive muscle relaxation exercise (PMRE) program on postpartum depression and maternal attachment. The present study was a randomized, controlled, experimental trial. Participants were asked to complete the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) and the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) at 35 weeks of pregnancy. Group assignment was done by stratified block randomization according to EPDS score (0-9, 10-30) and parity. Women in the experimental group received training in progressive muscle relaxation, postpartum depression, and maternal attachment via online video calls twice a week starting at 36-37 weeks of pregnancy. They were asked to complete the PMRE program from 36 weeks of pregnancy until 6 months postpartum, and online counseling was provided throughout this period. Participants completed the Maternal Postpartum Attachment Scale (MPAS) and the EPDS at 6 weeks postpartum. Mean PAI score was 64.24 ± 9.61 in the experimental group before the intervention and 62.14 ± 10.13 in the control group. The mean EPDS score of the experimental group was 9.12 ± 5.05 and the mean score of the control group was 9.77 ± 6.30 (P > 0.05). The mean MPAS score after the intervention was 13.92 ± 5.54 in the experimental group and 17.51 ± 6.12 in the control group. The mean EPDS score of the experimental group was 3.40 ± 3.00 and the mean score of the control group was 11.40 ± 5.91 (P < 0.05). Online health training/counseling and PMRE reduce the risk of postpartum depression and increase maternal attachment.

The effects of web-based progressive muscle relaxation exercise on perceived stress and anxiety levels of nursing students who were in clinical practice for the first time: A randomized controlled trial

Introduction/Objective. It is reported that during the education process, uncontrollable long-term stress affects professional identity development and health of nursing students negatively. The effects of web-based progressive muscle relaxation exercises on perceived stress and anxiety levels of nursing students who were in clinical practice for the first time were analyzed in the present study. Methods. The present study used a randomized controlled design. The study was carried out at a state university in Turkey. A total of volunteering 66 nursing students (36 in the control and 30 in the intervention group) in clinical practice for the first time who were studying during the 2021-2022 academic year were included in the sample. Intervention group students performed 36 sessions of progressive muscle relaxation exercise three days a week for 12 weeks. The data were collected by using the ?Sociodemographic Characteristics Form?, ?State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)? and ?Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)?. Results: In comparing post-test mean scores of intervention and control group, PSS and STAI total mean scores of the intervention group were found to be statistically significantly lower than those of the control group (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: Progressive muscle relaxation exercise was found to reduce perceived stress and anxiety in nursing students who were in clinical practice for the first time.

The Effect of Hot Shower and Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercises in Labor on Labor Pain, Labor Duration, Fatigue and Birth Comfort; Randomized Controlled Study

The Effect of Hot Shower and Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercises in Labor on Labor Pain, Labor Duration, Fatigue and Birth Comfort; Randomized Controlled Study