Progression To Dialysis Research Articles

“Degree of Urgency and Progression Predictive Model for Dialysis Using Hybrid System” Small Letter on “Using” not “Using”

Machine-learning and data mining techniques using hybrid system were used to accurately predict the development of diseases such as Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and Acute Renal Failure (ARF). In this study, Random Forests Decision Algorithm, Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) Model and K-means Clustering Algorithm were used to predict the degree of urgency and progression of dialysis from patients’ electronic medical records. The use of such algorithms will provide a predictive model for forecasting the urgency level and CKD stages, clustering by gender, age, CKD stages and urgency level to anticipate adverse events that will help medical practitioners in the efficiency and accuracy of detecting the severity of the kidney disease. 20,000 instances were divided into training and testing data, wherein the data was able to label the urgency and progression of dialysis. Apart from this, the stages of CKD and urgency level were forecasted using ARIMA Model. The extracted pattern from the historical and current data predicted the urgency and progression of dialysis, thus a prototype software implementation was also proposed. The experimental results of the study show that 99 percent (%) of the prediction on the degree of urgency and progression of dialysis model deemed accurate, paving way to a better clinical decision-making process of nephrologists using a rule-based system from the important attributes of the patient’s electronic medical records which will also help improve a patient’s quality of life.

Chemical Purification of ZnO Nanoparticles by Dialyzing Treatments and Their Use in Fabricating Luminescent Antireflective Nanocomposite Thin Films

ZnO nanoparticles were prepared by a chemical solution method using the reaction between Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O and LiOH·H2O in an ethanol solvent. A dialyzing treatment of the resultant chemically impure nanoparticles was introduced in the present work, aiming at increasing their chemical purity in terms of adsorbed species. The progress of dialysis was monitored with electrical conductivity of dialysate. X-ray diffraction analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to check the chemical purity of the ZnO nanoparticles after the dialyzing treatment. Furthermore, the dialyzed ZnO nanoparticles were utilized to fabricate ZnO/SiO2 nanocomposite thin films by a sol−gel method with a dip-coating technique. Stable coating solutions were obtained only with the dialyzed ZnO nanoparticles, which also indicated their chemical purity. The nanocomposite thin films exhibited a unique optical property with antireflection against visible light and photoluminescence under irradiation with ultraviolet light.

Conductivity and cataphoretic speed measurements of Benzopurpurin 4B, Congo Red and Sky Blue F.F.

Measurements of conductivity and cataphoretic speed of pure Benzopurpurin 4B, Congo Red and Sky Blue F.F. have been made and it is found that on increasing the concentration of the dye solutions although the equivalent conductivity continuously decreases the cataphoretic speed increases regularly. The cataphoretic speed of Benzopurpurin 4B first increases and then decreases with the progress of dialysis. On adding small increasing amounts of sodium chloride to Benzopurpurin 4B and Congo Red and barium chloride to Sky Blue F.F. the cataphoretic speed first increases and then decreases. The changes in conductivity and cataphoretic speed are explained on the basis of aggregation of the dye ions to form ionic micelles. It is shown that the process of dyeing of cotton fibre by substantive dyestuffs in the presence of salt can be easily understood on the basis of aggregation of dye ions.

Effect of Proteins on the Diffusion of Amino Acids Through Membranes.

The concentration of amino acids in nucleated erythrocytes is known to be several times that of the surrounding plasma. The concentration in mammalian liver and muscle, as indicated by determinations on tungstic acid extracts, is 6 to 8 times that of the blood plasma. As part of an inquiry into the factors that cause this inequality in distribution we have studied the diffusion of amino acids through tubular membranes of cellophane. The progress of dialysis was measured by amino nitrogen determinations on the inner and outer liquids by the manometric method of Van Slyke. The inner liquid consisted of a 1.5% solution of gold label gelatin. The amino acid was contained in the outer liquid in an initial concentration of 0.001 N. Glycine was generally employed. After 15 to 30 hours at a temperature of 20° the experiments were terminated. The outer fluid was analyzed directly, while the inner fluid was first rendered free of protein by treatment with phosphotungstic acid. Over a wide range of H ion concentration, (pH 2.5-9.5) the equilibrium concentration of amino acid in the outer fluid was found to be over twice as great as that in the inner protein-containing solution. This inequality persisted, undiminished in magnitude, even in the isoelectric zone of the protein. The equilibrium, moreover, could be approached from the other end, that is by dissolving the amino acid in the inner fluid containing the dispersed protein. In neutral solutions aspartic acid and glutamic acid behaved like glycine in the establishment of a high concentration ratio when dialyzed against 1.5% gelatin. Dialyzed solutions of crystalline egg albumin (1.5%) and agar-agar (0.38%) affected the diffusion of glycine at pH 5 in similar fashion.