Progress In Treatment Research Articles

Application progress of micropulse wave transscleral laser treatment in glaucoma

Glaucoma is the leading cause of blindness worldwide, and reducing intraocular pressure is crucial to delaying its progression. This review aims to explore the application progress of micropulse wave transscleral laser treatment (mTLT) in the treatment of glaucoma. This article introduces the evolution of ciliary body destructive surgical methods, and focuses on the mechanism of mTLT in the treatment of glaucoma, including reducing aqueous humor production, increasing the uveoscleral pathway and trabecular meshwork pathway for aqueous humor outflow. At the same time, the indications, contraindications, procedures and parameter settings of mTLT, its application effects in different types of glaucoma, possible complications, repeatability, and factors affecting the effect are discussed, and a comparison is made with the traditional TSCPC. However, the exact mechanism of mTLT in reducing intraocular pressure still needs to be further explored and clarified, and its related parameter settings still require a large number of clinical observations and studies.

Triplet therapy for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer: Rationale and clinical evidence.

Prostate cancer (PC) growth is hormone-dependent and it frequently develops distant metastases as disease progresses. Patients with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) initially respond to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) but eventually become refractory and develop metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Castration-resistance is associated with high lethality and metastases confer poor prognosis, therefore unmet needs in treatment for mCSPC remain high. So far, improvements in survival in mCSPC have been achieved by doublet combination therapy such as docetaxel or an androgen-receptor signaling inhibitor (ARSI) in addition to ADT. Further, recent phase 3 trials have shown that triplet therapy-a combination of ARSI, docetaxel, and ADT improves prognosis compared with docetaxel plus ADT in mCSPC. PC tumors manifest intra- and inter-tumoral heterogeneity at both the genetic and phenotypic level. As heterogeneity increases during sequential treatment and disease progression, it is reasonable to initiate combination therapy using drugs with different mechanisms of action early in the course of disease, such as mCSPC. Previous research about tumor heterogeneity and drug resistant mechanism support this rationale, as well as preclinical studies and real-world data provide the scientific evidence of benefit by combining ARSI and docetaxel. Here, we review the rationale and clinical evidence for triplet therapy in patients with mCSPC.

Progress in Alzheimer's disease and treatment

Alzheimer's disease has a large disease burden on middle-aged and elderly people, and has become an important disease of clinical concern. At present, the incidence of Alzheimer's disease in China is relatively high, and the incidence rate is relatively high in the world. AD is a neurodegenerative disease that is related with -amyloid-containing plaques and tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles. Its symptoms include amnestic cognitive impairment and non-amnestic cognitive impairment. The curing of AD now mainly relies on NMDA receptor antagonists and Cholinesterase inhibitors. Recent researches also focus on more specific ways for curing AD. This article will provide an overview of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and its current treatment progress, and lay the foundation for further future treatment strategies.

Standardized Response Assessment in Patients with Advanced Cholangiocarcinoma Treated with Personalized Therapy

Background/Objectives: Current guidelines recommend Cisplatin/Gemcitabine/Durvalumab as first-line treatment for inoperable or recurrent cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Molecular tumor boards (MTB) have the expertise to support organ-specific tumor boards with evidence-based treatment recommendations for subsequent lines of treatment, based on genomic tumor data and scientific evidence. This study evaluates the adoption of an MTB at a comprehensive cancer center in Germany and whether actionable genetic alterations are associated with specific imaging phenotypes. Methods: Patients with CCA referred to MTB were enrolled from May 2019 to September 2021. For comparison, a cohort of patients from a second center was included. Data on treatment recommendations, regimens, and survival were collected from prospective registries. Baseline and follow-up contrast-enhanced CT were analyzed according to RECIST 1.1. The chi-square test and t-test were used to compare categorical and continuous variables. Results: 583 patients were referred to the MTB, and 92 patients (47 female/51%) with a mean age of 60.3 ± 11.2 were referred for CCA treatment. 65/92 patients harbored 1–3 targetable mutations. Liver metastases were more frequently observed in patients with targetable mutations (84% vs. 62%). Metastasis to the liver and lung was associated with increased sums of diameters (93 mm and 111 mm vs. 40/73 mm in patients with no liver/lung metastasis). The number of metastases in individual organs was unrelated to treatment targets. Follow-up was available for 25 patients with a median time until imaging progression of 23 weeks. Progression occurred as target progression in 63%, nontarget progression in 13%, and appearance of new lesions in 63%. Conclusions: Most patients with CCA harbored targetable mutations, some were related to disease patterns on imaging. The pattern of treatment response and progression was as diverse as the metastatic spread.

Disease-modifying treatment and disability progression in subclasses of patients with primary progressive MS: results from the Big MS Data Network

BackgroundEffectiveness of disease-modifying treatment (DMT) in people affected by primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) is limited. Whether specific subgroups may benefit more from DMT in a real-world setting remains unclear....

Case Report: Case report : Mindfulness training led to catharsis and mindfulness-to-meaning in a patient with social anxiety disorder comorbid with persistent depressive disorder (Dysthymia)

Background The use of mindfulness in the treatment of anxiety and depression is becoming more and more widespread, but there are few reports that it has fundamentally changed patients’ sense of life. Case Presentation This report showed 9 year’s progress of treatment for Social Anxiety Disorder and Persistent Depressive Disorder in a 41-year-old female patient experiencing a long-term painful married life with a reckless husband and controlling mother-in-law. During the past 25 months, she received 180 sessions of mindfulness training, resulting in complete remission of the anxiety and depression symptoms. After the 30th session she experienced an episode of the catharsis during the mindfulness training and experienced what can be called Mindfulness-To-Meaning, which is characterized by durable eudaimonic well-being in the face of adversity. Conclusions The psychological mechanisms that supported arriving at Mindfulness-To-Meaning are delineated as: Heightened (1) awareness which promoted (2) verbalization of the primary theme of suppression, in which the stress was (3) appraised metacognitively. Then (4) decentering permitted integrating this painful theme into a new adaptive self and world view, which resulted in (5) emotional catharsis, or release. Furthermore (6) positive appraisal of this experience enhanced awareness and led to the experience of (7) Mindfulness-To-Meaning.

Antiangiogenic therapy exerts antitumor effects by altering the tumor microenvironment: bibliometric analysis

BackgroundAntiangiogenic therapy can alter the tumor microenvironment (TME) and thus exert anti-tumor effects, and has the potential to increase the efficacy of conventional therapy and immunotherapy. The aim of this study was to examine current research hotspots and collaborative networks on the relationship between previous antiangiogenic therapies and the TME through bibliometric analysis.MethodFrom the Web of Science Core Collection database, all publications from inception through December 2023 were downloaded. In-depth analysis was performed by Bibliometrix packages in R. Keywords and collaborative networks were analyzed using VOSviewers and Citespace.ResultWe obtained a total of 9027 publications. They come from 27 countries and were published in 1387 journals, with a total of 39,604 authors in the studied area. The number of publications increases dramatically from 2014 to 2023, accounting for 73.87% (6668/9027) of all publications. China and CANCERS have the highest number of publications on this topic and CANCER RESEACH is the most influential. In the last decade (2013- 2023), research has gradually shifted from studying the role of vascular endothelial growth factor in the TME to examining how antivascular therapy can contribute to the progression of cancer treatment. Furthermore, nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems and immunotherapy have been widely explored in the past five years. The findings of this study will help scientists to explore this promising field in depth by providing insight into the relationship between antiangiogenic therapy and the TME.ConclusionThe relationship between the antiangiogenic therapy and the TME has been developing rapidly, but cooperation between different institutions and countries is still limited. Researchers can use this study to identify hotspots and develop trends for related research, thereby facilitating the development and cooperative exchange in this field, as well as to suggest potential future research directions.

In situ self-reassembling nanosystem enhances PD-L1 blockade for cancer immunotherapy

Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have made great progress in cancer treatment, their off-tumor distribution, low affinity of traditional ICIs and insufficient T cells infiltration at tumor site limit immunotherapeutic efficacy. Herein, we engineer a highly specific and effective PD-L1 inhibitor (PEC) that modulates the level of binding sites with PD-L1. Specifically, PEC is a hybrid system composed of E. coli membrane expressing PD-L1 binding protein and cancer cell membrane. Notably, PEC can target the tumor site, produce oxygen in response to H2O2, rupture into membrane fragments, and reassemble to form vesicles retaining the PD-L1 binding protein. Through in situ fracture and reassembly, PEC transforms from a hybrid membrane to a single E. coli membrane, leading to the increased density of PD-L1 binding protein. Consequently, the reassembled vesicles can bind to more PD-L1 on tumor cells and induce its degradation in lysosomes. Furthermore, the cGAS-STING signaling activators HZD is encapsulated into PEC to promote T cells infiltration. We demonstrate that PEC@HZD achieves sequential T cells recruitment and functional enhancement, thus stimulating a powerful antitumor immune response. This work provides a new perspective on tailoring ICIs to improve cancer immunotherapy.

The effect of transition timing of regorafenib on treatment outcomes in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a real-world study.

Regorafenib is the recommended second-line therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). Our study aimed to assess the effect of transition timing to second-line therapy with regorafenib on treatment outcomes in uHCC patients. In this retrospective study, patients were categorized into prompt transition group (PT group) or delayed transition group (DT group) based on the transition timing to second-line therapy with regorafenib following the first or subsequent occurrence of progressive disease during first-line treatment. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), and safety. There were 85 and 122 patients in the PT and DT groups, respectively. The PT group demonstrated significantly better median PFS [4.5months (95% CI 3.8-6.0) vs. 3.4months (95% CI 2.8-4.1); HR 0.641; 95% CI 0.478-0.859; p = 0.003], ORR (24.7% vs. 9.8%, p = 0.007), DCR (69.4% vs. 54.9%, p = 0.049), and median OS [17.5months (95% CI 13.4-not reached) vs. 10.4months (95% CI 7.9-15.6); HR 0.613; 92% CI 0.432-0.871, p = 0.006] compared to the DT group. Moreover, the overall safety profiles were comparable between groups. The prompt transition to second-line therapy with regorafenib following first-line treatment progression suggests better treatment outcomes and potentially longer survival than in patients who delay the transition to second-line therapy.

Depressive and negative symptoms in the early and established stages of schizophrenia: integrating structural brain alterations, cognitive performance, and plasma interleukin-6 levels

BackgroundDepressive and negative symptoms are related to poor functional outcomes in schizophrenia. Cognitive deficits, reduced brain cortical thickness (CT) and volumes as well as inflammation may contribute to depressive and negative symptoms, but pharmacological treatment and disease progression may confound the associations. MethodsWe evaluated whether higher plasma IL-6 levels would be associated with more severe negative or depressive symptoms in schizophrenia and explored illness stage utilizing Early (BeneMin; n=201, males=72.8%) and Established schizophrenia (iRELATE; n=94, males=67.3%) cohorts. Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in a subsample (iRELATE; n=42; males=69.0%; BeneMin; n=102; males=76.5%) with data on structural brain metrics (CT and volume), general cognitive performance, and plasma IL-6 levels, we assessed the interrelationships between these variables on depressive and negative symptom severity in Early and Established schizophrenia samples combined and Early schizophrenia only. All analyses were adjusted for sex, age, and chlorpromazine equivalent dose. ResultsHigher plasma IL-6 levels were related to more severe depressive symptoms in Early (p<0.05) and negative symptoms in Established schizophrenia (p<0.05). SEM findings in Early and Established schizophrenia samples combined, and Early schizophrenia only showed that the interrelationship between higher plasma IL-6 levels, structural brain metrics, and general cognitive performance did not predict the severity of depressive and negative symptoms (p>0.05). Higher plasma IL-6 levels and lower general cognitive performance were associated with reduced brain metrics (p<0.05). ConclusionOur results indicate that higher plasma IL-6 levels may be differently associated with the severity of depressive and negative symptoms dependent on the illness stage. Future work identifying elevated levels of inflammation in larger samples may allow stratification and personalized intervention by subgroups who are at risk of poor outcomes.

Coley’s Toxin to First Approved Therapeutic Vaccine—A Brief Historical Account in the Progression of Immunobiology-Based Cancer Treatment

Cancer immunobiology is one of the hot topics of discussion amongst researchers today, and immunotherapeutic modalities are among the selected few emerging approaches to cancer treatment that have exhibited a promising outlook. However, immunotherapy is not a new kid on the block; it has been around for centuries. The origin of cancer immunotherapy in modern medicine can be traced back to the initial reports of spontaneous regression of malignant tumors in some patients following an acute febrile infection, at the turn of the twentieth century. This review briefly revisits the historical accounts of immunotherapy, highlighting some of the significant developments in the field of cancer immunobiology, that have been instrumental in bringing back the immunotherapeutic approaches to the forefront of cancer research. Some of the topics covered are: Coley’s toxin—the first immunotherapeutic; the genesis of the theory of immune surveillance; the discovery of T lymphocytes and dendritic cells and their roles; the role of tumor antigens; relevance of tumor microenvironment; the anti-tumor (therapeutic) ability of Bacillus Calmette– Guérin; Melacine—the first therapeutic vaccine engineered; theories of immunoediting and immunophenotyping of cancer; and Provenge—the first FDA-approved therapeutic vaccine. In this review, head and neck cancer has been taken as the reference tumor for narrating the progression of cancer immunobiology, particularly for highlighting the advent of immunotherapeutic agents.

Frenectomy for supporting diastema closure correction in orthodontic patients

Introduction: The maxillary frenulum can cause aesthetic problems or jeopardize orthodontic results in cases of central diastema, causing relapse after treatment. One of the etiologic factors of central diastema persistence is an aberrant frenulum. The most common way to diagnose frenulum attachment is with the blanch test. One of the treatments for aberrant frenulum is frenectomy. Frenectomy can reduce the risk of relapse from central diastema closure. The purpose of this case report is to describe the stages of frenectomy in a case of maxillary central diastema. Case report: A 24-year-old woman came to the Periodontics Specialist Clinic due to a referral from the Department of Orthodontic, Dental Hospital Universitas Airlangga with complaints of loose maxillary front teeth and planned to be treated using fixed orthodontic devices at Department Orthodontic. The blanching test examination showed that the labial frenulum was in the high frenulum category. Case management: Frenectomy was performed using a scalpel. After extraoral and intraoral asepsis, infiltration anesthesia was performed on the labial and palatal sides of tooth 11,21. Clamp the maxillary labial frenulum using a hemostat and then incise the frenulum using blade no 15c in a V shape, then incise the frenulum attachment on the interdental to the palatal region with an elliptical incision. Interrupted suturing using Nylon thread size 4.0. The surgical area was closed using a periodontal pack. Suturing was removed on day 14. Follow-up at 19 months showed no diastema in the anterior maxilla, the patient wore a retainer in the maxilla and a fixed retainer in the mandible. There were no further complaints after the treatment. Conclusion: Frenectomy before orthodontic treatment helps accelerate the treatment progress to correct the central diastema.

Serum CS/DS, IGF-1, and IGFBP-3 as Biomarkers of Cartilage Remodeling in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications

Cartilage destruction in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is diagnosed, often too late, on basis of clinical evaluation and radiographic imaging. This case–control study investigated serum chondroitin/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) as a potential biochemical marker of cartilage metabolism, aiming to improve early diagnosis and precision treatment for JIA. We also measured the levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) (using ELISA methods) in JIA patients (n = 55) both before and after treatment (prednisone, sulfasalazine, methotrexate, administered together), and analyzed their relationships with CS/DS levels. Untreated JIA patients [8.26 µg/mL (6.25–9.66)], especially untreated girls [8.57 µg/mL (8.13–9.78)] and patients with a polyarticular form of the disease [7.09 µg/mL (5.63–8.41)], had significantly reduced levels of serum CS/DS compared with the control [14.48 µg/mL (10.23–15.77)]. Therapy resulted in a significant increase in this parameter, but without normalization. We also found significantly lower levels of IGF-1 [66.04 ng/mL (49.45–96.80)] and IGFBP-3 [3.37 ng/mL (2.65–4.88)] in untreated patients compared with the control [96.92 ng/mL (76.04–128.59), 4.84 ng/mL (4.21–7.750), respectively]. Based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the blood concentration of CS/DS demonstrated the highest diagnostic power (AUC = 0.947) for JIA among all the tested markers. Untreated patients showed significant correlations between CS/DS and IGF-1 (r = −0.579, p = 0.0000), IGFBP-3 (r = −0.506, p = 0.0001), and C-reactive protein (r = 0.601, p = 0.0005). The observed changes in CS/DS during the course of JIA, influenced by both impairment of the IGF/IGFBP axis and inflammation, indicate the need for continued therapy to protect patients from potential disability. We suggest that CS/DS may be a useful biomarker of disease activity and could be employed to assess treatment efficacy and progress toward remission.

Manganese improves anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy via eliciting type I interferon signaling in melanoma.

The immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy represented by blocking programmed cell death protein 1/ programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) has made significant progress in melanoma treatment. However, the response rate and therapeutic effect of immunotherapy alone are still not ideal for melanoma. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the defects of treating anti-PD-L1 alone and the therapeutic effect and molecular mechanism of combined therapy with anti-PD-L1 and MnCl2. We detected the changes of immune cell populations after anti-PD-L1 treatment in melanoma xenograft mouse model. Further, we evaluated the regulatory effect of MnCl2 on dendritic cells (DCs) maturation in vitro. Next, we tested the therapeutic effect and regulatory effect on the tumor microenvironment with anti-PD-L1 and MnCl2 via combining treatment with anti-PD-L1 and MnCl2. Anti-PD-L1 therapy has a certain tumor suppressive function, but the effect is not ideal. The results of flow cytometry showed that the number of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells significantly increased after anti-PD-L1 treatment. However, the number of DCs remained basically unchanged after anti-PD-L1 treatment. In vitro, we confirmed that MnCl2 significantly promoted DCs maturation vis activating cGAS-STING signaling pathway. The combination of anti-PD-L1 and MnCl2 displayed the best tumor suppression effect in melanoma xenograft mouse model. In tumor microenvironment, the infiltration of T cells and the maturation of DCs were significantly promoted, demonstrating a strong anti-tumor immune response. In summary, we conclude that combining anti-PD-L1 with MnCl2 is a promising therapeutic strategy for melanoma.

Infective Endocarditis by Biofilm-Producing Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus—Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management

Infective Endocarditis by Biofilm-Producing Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus—Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management

PCSK9 Inhibitors: Focus on Evolocumab and Its Impact on Atherosclerosis Progression

This paper investigates the therapeutic use of PCSK9 inhibitors, particularly Evolocumab, as monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of atherosclerosis based on recent literature reviews. PCSK9 is an outstanding example of a breakthrough in medical science, with advancements in understanding its biological function driving substantial progress in atherosclerosis treatment. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a leading global cause of mortality, imposing substantial financial burdens on healthcare systems. Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), a modifiable risk factor, plays a pivotal role in the development of ASCVD. Emerging treatments such as PCSK9 inhibitors are now being introduced to combat this issue, with the goal of reducing ASCVD risk by directly targeting LDL-C levels. This discovery highlighted the potential of monoclonal antibodies to inhibit PCSK9, thereby enhancing LDL-C receptor activity. This breakthrough led to the development of Alirocumab and Evolocumab inhibitors, which typically reduce LDL-C levels by approximately 50%. This research underscores the importance of PCSK9 inhibitors in treating ASCVD, drawing on evidence from various randomized controlled trials such as FOURIER, ODYSSEY OUTCOMES, and VESALIUS-CV. These trials have also shown that PCSK9 inhibitors are effective and safe for the treatment of several cardiovascular disorders. PCSK9 inhibitors are therefore useful in patients who do not reach their target LDL-C levels when on the highest doses of statins or patients with very high cardiovascular risk who cannot tolerate statins at all.

Gender differences in treatment effectiveness for borderline personality disorder.

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a psychological disorder that is diagnosed predominantly in females yet is equally as prevalent in males. Many empirical research studies on the treatment of BPD have been conducted with only female participants. We aimed to investigate the impact of current treatments for BPD on men compared to women. Using data from a larger ongoing longitudinal study, we matched 48 males with 48 females in treatment on age, overall functioning and psychological distress at intake and then accessed their progress in treatment after 12 months. Controlling for the initial scores at baseline, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) analysis found significant differences in outcome measures at 12-months follow-up. Females had significantly greater improvements in BPD severity and greater improvements in internalizing symptoms such as chronic feelings of emptiness. Females also reported significantly greater satisfaction and ratings of health at follow-up. These findings suggest that current treatment as usual for BPD could be more effective for women compared to men. Results from the study highlight the need for future studies to investigate the experience of males in current BPD treatment and to identify potential areas for modification to better cater to this population.

Modifications of DJ-1 in which pI shifts to acidic in red blood cells a potential biomarker for Parkinson’s disease at early stages

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, the incidence of which increases with age. However, since there is no fundamental treatment or methods for early diagnosis, new methods of treatment and diagnosis are urgently needed. We focused on post-translational modifications of DJ-1, which is encoded by the familial PD-causative gene PARK7 in red blood cells (RBCs). DJ-1 has three cysteines (Cys46, Cys53, and Cys106), with Cys106 being preferentially oxidized. We previously reported that sulfinated/sulfonated Cys106 DJ-1 (oxDJ-1) is increased in the RBCs of PD patients. In this study, we analyzed RBC-derived DJ-1 from PD patients and control subjects by 2-dimensional electrophoresis. We found that the ratio of the spot of DJ-1 with a more acidic isoelectric point than oxDJ-1 was increased more significantly than that of oxDJ-1 in RBCs from patients at the early stage of unmedicated PD and decreased with the progression of PD stage and treatment. Furthermore, we revealed that this acidic spot of DJ-1 increased upon exposure to H2O2. However, when either Cys53 or Cys106 of DJ-1 was replaced with serine, there was no significant increase in the acidic spot caused by H2O2. In this study, we propose a new biomarker for early diagnosis of PD using both the ratios of oxDJ-1 to total DJ-1 and the acidic spot of DJ-1 to total DJ-1.

Research Status of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is a malignant tumor. It has high morbidity and mortality rates and is prone to metastasis and recurrence. At present, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and endocrine therapy are mainly used in clinical practice, but these methods are more damaging to the patient's body and are prone to toxic side effects. In recent years, with the continuous progress of precision treatment, traditional Chinese medicine has gradually emerged as an important approach in the management of breast cancer. This article is to review the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of breast cancer in recent years, including its treatment methods, mechanism of action, and clinical trial efficacy. Research has shown that traditional Chinese medicine has its unique advantages in treating cancer. Specifically, it can combine its advantages in disease differentiation, syndrome differentiation, and staged treatment with the individualized treatment needs of modern medicine. It can improve the clinical symptoms of patients, enhance the immune function of the body, and delay or prevent the development of diseases.

Abstract A014: Effects of senescence on the lung tumor microenvironment

Abstract Despite progress in screening and treatment, lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer- related deaths worldwide. An overarching issue is the complexity and heterogeneous nature of the tumor microenvironment and eventual tumor spread. While aging is a key determinant, the relationship between aging and cancer is multi-faceted and extends beyond the accumulation of mutations. Therefore, a much-needed framework integrating the mechanistic principles that change with aging to drive neoplastic transformation beyond genetics will help us uncover predictive biomarkers that inform treatment decision-making and how we may use them to prevent, postpone, suppress tumor growth, and limit spread. Here, we investigate the role of age-related senescent cell accumulation in lung tumorigenesis and propose a potential strategy to delay tumor progression and spread by selectively targeting tumor-promoting senescent cells that arise with increasing age to sustain protective antitumor immunity. Citation Format: Luis Prieto. Effects of senescence on the lung tumor microenvironment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Tumor-body Interactions: The Roles of Micro- and Macroenvironment in Cancer; 2024 Nov 17-20; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(22_Suppl):Abstract nr A014.