Planning Program Research Articles

Prevalence and predictors of coronary heart disease among individuals with and without obesity in North Dakota

Introduction Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common cardiovascular disease in the United States and heart disease is the leading cause of death in North Dakota. Although obesity is a major risk factor for CHD, some studies have reported an inverse relationship between body mass index (BMI) and CHD outcomes. Understanding the epidemiology of CHD among individuals with and without obesity is essential to guide health planning. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence and identify predictors of CHD among North Dakota adults with and without obesity. Methods Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 2017 to 2021 were provided by the North Dakota Department of Health and Human Services. Weighted prevalence estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed for CHD and potential risk factors among respondents with and without obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify significant predictors of CHD in both groups. Results A total of 17,092 respondents were included in the study. Respondents with obesity had a higher prevalence of CHD (4.7%, 95% CI: 4.2–5.4) than those without obesity (3.0%, 95% CI: 2.7–3.4). Predictors of CHD among both groups included age, sex, self-reported general health, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diabetes. Having a personal doctor (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.13–3.23) and arthritis (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.34–2.22) were significant predictors of CHD among respondents without obesity, but not among those without obesity. Conclusion While the prevalence of CHD was significantly higher among adults with obesity compared to those without obesity, the findings of the stratified analysis indicated that predictors of the condition tended to be similar for the two groups. This study provides useful information to guide health planning and control programs that aim to reduce the burden of CHD in North Dakota.

Overview of CHIC symposia series: Summary of Africa and South Asia symposia

This article presents an overview of the main challenges and lessons learned that were presented during the symposia organized by the Coalition to Strengthen the HPV Immunization Community (CHIC) in Africa and South Asia in 2022. Discussions at these meetings revolved around introduction, planning, implementation, and sustainability of HPV prevention and control programmes, with a particular focus in HPV immunisation, as well as cervical cancer screening in South Asian countries. This article also discusses the recently endorsed off-label single-dose HPV vaccination schedule and its potential impact on programme delivery and access. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of intersectional collaboration, effective communication and advocacy strategies, and the need for robust health information systems. Some of the critical factors identified for reducing the burden of cervical cancer in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) included strategies for increasing access and coverage, addressing vaccine hesitancy, and building capacity among health care providers. The symposia emphasized the importance of face-to-face interactions for collaboration and decision making, with live translation services enabling full participation by stakeholders from diverse backgrounds. The paper concludes with a call for continued collaboration to make progress in reducing the burden of cervical cancer in LMICs.

Risk of Discontinuance in Contraceptive Uptake Among Kenya Women: A Survival Analysis Using the Cox Proportional Hazard Model

A problem of equal importance is the substantial challenge posed by the discontinuance of contraceptive use in family planning programs, particularly for developing countries such as Kenya. Investigating the determinants of contraceptive discontinuation using demographic factors can provide insights to enhance the efficacy of family planning. Using data from the Performance Monitoring for Action (PMA) survey, this study examined the demographic and contraceptive method-related covariates associated with the risk of discontinuation of contraception among Kenyan women. The study employed Cox proportional hazards models to analyze sampled data of Kenyan women from the PMA survey. Two separate models were used: a standard model which included demographic characteristics with a baseline contraceptive variable (Ever use contraceptive) and an extended model showing how specific contraceptive methods impact the likelihood of the risk of discontinuing contraception. Older age (Coefficient of -0.268 with a hazard ratio of 0.765) was associated with a decreased risk of contraceptive discontinuation. At the same time, women with higher educational levels (Coefficient of 0.015, with a hazard ratio of 1.015) were related to an elevated hazard and were more likely to discontinue their current method of contraception. The extended model showed that subcutaneous injectable contraceptives (Coefficient of -2.040 with a hazard ratio of 0.130) and male condoms (Coefficient of -1.137 with a hazard ratio of 0.321) were conditionally related to a significantly decreased hazard of discontinuation. The results highlight the importance of contraception choice and the significance of age and education in maintaining continuous contraception. To support Kenyan women in maintaining continuous contraception in achieving their reproductive health goals comprehensive education on emergency contraception and the provision of long-acting reversible contraceptives should be provided by health and family planning organizations. There is a call for a longitudinal study to offer an understanding of the dynamic behavior of contraception over time and the need for time-varying analyses to capture the evolving nature of contraception and its discontinuation.

Шляхи залучення фінансових ресурсів державними банками для відбудови економіки України

Introduction. The analysis of the availability and quality of financial resources involves identifying sources of funding, established practices of state-owned banks, international programs and funds, criteria for ensuring the quality and sustainability of reconstruction, urgent needs for funding and its availability, ensuring the participation of economic actors in the planning and monitoring of reconstruction programs, accountability mechanisms and ensuring economic, social and environmental sustainability. Problem Statement. The need to expand the sources of term resources on local and international markets, and to distribute them through a system of financial partnerships between state-owned banks and authorized financial organizations to support small and medium-sized businesses, requires coordinated actions among all stakeholders. Although households' long-term funds account for only a small share of the overall financing structure, they are becoming increasingly important in the context of globalization, especially in view of economic recovery and political stability. The purpose is to examine the volume, dynamics and structure of sources of funds raised by state-owned banks in the local market for the purpose of rebuilding Ukraine's economy. Methods. The study used a systematic approach, the principles of systematization of statistical and analytical data, graphical analysis, scientific synthesis, induction and deduction. Results. The article analyzes the volumes, dynamics and structure of attracting credit resources by state-owned banks in partnership with authorized financial organizations, in particular through the loan programs of the Entrepreneurship Development Fund (EDF) and the NBU's refinancing programs for commercial banks. It was found that the amount of resources attracted from the EDF is insignificant compared to the loan portfolios of state-owned banks. To access the EDF loans, state-owned banks invest in government debt instruments (government bonds), which is inefficient in terms of supporting economic recovery, as high interest rates on such instruments cause liquidity to flow into government debt obligations, which puts pressure on the state budget and additional default risks for issuers of such securities. Special attention in the study is paid to the analysis of the dynamics of customers' term deposits by banking groups, including state-owned and private banks, as well as banks with foreign capital. The dynamics of attracting funds from individuals and legal entities of state-owned banks in comparison with large private banks and banks with foreign capital is presented. This made it possible to assess how successfully banks maintain their liquidity and retain customer confidence. Conclusions. In times of war, state-owned banks play a key role in stabilizing the financial system. Business support programs, social payments, and government guarantees have made these banks important to customers, which explains the significant growth in deposit portfolios in 2023-2024. The volume of bank refinancing (collateral, terms, purpose) indicates a change in the NBU's strategy aimed at reducing banks' dependence on the central bank and moving to more market-based liquidity mechanisms. The gradual integration of Ukraine into the EU opens up prospects for state-owned banks to access large-scale and cheap financing under targeted programs, so it is advisable to orient the banks' resource policy towards the relevant mechanisms. In times of war and global uncertainty, state and international guarantees are an important tool for attracting additional financial resources. At the same time, this tool is used to a limited extent. Among the state-owned banks, only Ukreximbank has received direct guarantees from the Ukrainian government to secure creditors' claims. It is necessary to consider the possibility of attracting guarantees from international organizations as a less burdensome and more effective tool for expanding and reducing the cost of funding.

Characteristics and Circumstances of Suicide Among Children Aged 6 to 9 Years: 2006-2021.

Limited research exists on suicide among children aged 5 to 9 years. The objective of this study was to examine characteristics of suicide in children younger than 10 years. Data are from the National Fatality Review-Case Reporting System (NFR-CRS) for years 2006 through 2021 for children aged 6 to 9 years who died by suicide. No suicide deaths were reported in NFR-CRS for children aged ≤ 5 years. Descriptive analyses by demographics and circumstances were conducted. A thematic analysis of prevention recommendations made by child death review teams was performed. From 2006 to 2021, NFR-CRS identified 78 suicide decedents aged 6 to 9 years. The largest share were aged 9 years (72%), male (74%), non-Hispanic Black (42%), and died by hanging (86%) at home (91%). School-related problems (39%), history of child maltreatment (36%), history of mental health services (30%), argument with parents (23%), and familial discord (19%) were common circumstances. Key suicide prevention themes included education for caregivers and school staff, improved behavioral health services, and implementation of school policies and programs. Results provide a more complete picture of suicide among younger children, improving understanding of their unique characteristics. It is recommended that program planners consider both age-appropriateness and the impacts of social (eg, racism) and structural inequities in their approaches to prevention, encompassing both community and school-based strategies. For pediatricians, results emphasize the importance of lethal means counseling, safety planning, and educating parents and caregivers on the distinct warning signs of suicide for younger children.

Biofilm formation and antibiogram profile of bacteria from infected wounds in a general hospital in southern Ethiopia

Biofilm-producing bacteria associated with wound infections exhibit exceptional drug resistance, leading to an escalation in morbidity, worse clinical outcomes (including delay in the healing process), and an increase in health care cost, burdening the whole system. This study is an attempt to estimate the prevalence and the relationship between the biofilm-forming capacity and multi-drug resistance of wound bacterial isolates. The findings intended to help clinicians, healthcare providers and program planners and to formulate an evidence-based decision-making process, especially in resource-limited healthcare settings. This study was done to assess the prevalence of bacterial infections in wounds and the antibiogram and biofilm-forming capacity of those bacteria in patients with clinical signs and symptoms, attending a General Hospital in southern Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was performed in Arba Minch General Hospital from June to November 2021. The study participants comprised 201 patients with clinically infected wounds. Demographic and clinical data were gathered via a structured questionnaire. Specimens from wounds were taken from each participant and inoculated onto a series of culture media, namely MacConkey agar, mannitol salt agar, and blood agar, and different species were identified using a number of biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by means of the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique following the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. A micro-titer plate method was employed to detect the extent of biofilm formation. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models were applied to analyse the association between dependent and independent variables, and P values ≤ 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Data analyses were done with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25. Out of the 201 clinically infected wounds, 165 were found culture-positive with an overall prevalence of 82% (95% CI: 75.9–86.9). In total, 188 bacteria were recovered; 53.1% of them were Gram-positive cocci. The often-isolated bacterial species were Staphylococcus aureus, 38.3% (n = 72), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 16.4% (n = 31). The Gram-positive isolates showed considerable resistance against penicillin, 70%, and somewhat strong resistance against tetracycline, 57.7%. Gram-negative isolates showed severe resistance to ampicillin, 80.68%. The overall multi-drug resistance (MDR) among isolates was 48.4%. Extended beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Gram-negatives and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) accounted for 49 and 41.67%, respectively; 62.2% of the isolates were biofilm formers and were correlated statistically with MDR, ESBL producers, and MRSA (P < 0.005). The extent of biofilm formation and the prevalence of MDR bacteria associated with infected wounds hint at a public health threat that needs immediate attention. Thus, a more balanced and comprehensive wound management approach and antimicrobial stewardship program are essential in the study setting.

“Us versus Them”: is the voice of the community heard when planning communication screening programmes for preschoolers?

ObjectivesCommunity consultation is necessary to ensure the uptake and use of community-based screening intervention to detect early childhood disabilities, as its absence can result in poor service acceptance and usage. To document stakeholders' perspectives regarding planning a community-based communication disorder (an impairment in the ability to receive, send, process and comprehend concepts or verbal, non-verbal and graphic symbol systems) screening programmes for pre-schoolers. Study designThis qualitative research design used purposive and random sampling to recruit 46 participants from eThekwini Municipality, South Africa. These stakeholders consisted of caregivers/parents of children who underwent screening for communication disorders, People who are Deaf, their parents, early childhood development practitioners, health professionals and government officials involved with children with disabilities. All participants were adults aged between 19 and 79 years, with an average age of 39.7 years. MethodsData was collected through focus group discussions and individual interviews, which were thematically analysed. ResultsThe four emergent themes were screening approaches, methods, location and personnel. Service users expected greater access to screening and reliable tests to identify problems by trained personnel at sites within the community. Service providers preferred a targeted approach to screening with parental input. Task shifting and sharing were seen as a solution to address staff shortages and provide services at health facilities, as resource constraints made it challenging to provide outreach services. ConclusionStakeholder engagement revealed diverging views between service users and providers, with implications for programme provision and uptake. There is a need for ongoing, inclusive discussion to ensure consensus during the planning stage, in order to render services that address issues of equity and accessibility for people with disabilities in marginalised communities.

Building a Resilient and Adaptive Organization Through Mindset Shifts and Continuous Learning

In a world characterized by constant change and disruption, organizations must embrace adaptability, resilience, and continuous learning to remain competitive. This article explores how leaders can build "future-fit" organizations through strategic mindset shifts and by fostering cultures of experimentation and growth. A focus on learning orientation, growth mindset, and adaptive problem-solving equips organizations to navigate challenges and seize emerging opportunities. The article also examines key practices such as scenario planning, agile methodologies, and internal learning programs that ensure continuous development and operational flexibility. Case studies of organizations like Amazon, Anthropic, and Netflix demonstrate how these principles translate into sustained success. Ultimately, organizations that cultivate future-readiness through innovation, reinvention, and learning will thrive in the face of uncertainty and lead in an ever-changing landscape.

Literature Review: Definition of Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) in Indonesian Journals (2019-2022)

After 30 years of development, Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) in Indonesia has been widely studied and published in scientific journals. From 2019 to 2022, 44 Indonesian scientific journals were identified through a Google search. This study aims to explore how IMC is defined in scientific journal articles from 2019-2022, considering the current context. The research employs a literature review method, using five definitions of IMC, which are then distilled into sixteen core ideas. The findings reveal that Indonesian scientific journals still adhere to two main definitional concepts: “IMC is comprehensive planning” and “IMC combines various communication elements.” The first concept suggests that IMC must be thoroughly planned, typically through its communication elements. The second concept emphasizes the combination of various communication elements. Additionally, the articles found that the communicated message is predominantly from the brand, although only partially. This indicates that IMC has expanded to include brand value. A few scientific journals have advanced further in defining IMC, though only in terms of managing various communication elements, without incorporating dialogue or database-driven development. Overall, this study reveals that the definition of IMC in 44 articles positions it as a strategic process in business and management, involving the planning, execution, and persuasion of brand communication programs. On the other hand, many definitions of IMC need to be considered as concepts, at the very least those drawn from IMC thought leaders, such as the five definitions used in this study.

Inisiasi Pengolahan Air Embung dengan Teknologi Multimedia Filter (MMF) sebagai Solusi Air Bersih di Kabupaten Bojonegoro

Clean water and proper sanitation are fundamental human needs. Nganti Village, located in Ngraho Subdistrict, Bojonegoro Regency, faces significant drought and clean water shortages, particularly during the dry season. The water quality remains subpar despite the presence of springs and water reservoirs. Consequently, processing raw water from the village's reservoir can offer a viable solution. This service activity aims to harness water reservoirs as a clean water source through multimedia filter (MMF) technology. The activities, conducted from 2022 to the end of 2023, encompass four stages: socializing the program plans, constructing multimedia filters (MMF), installing the water treatment unit on-site, and evaluating water quality, followed by necessary follow-ups. The primary activities involve installing water treatment units with MMF technology in collaboration with village officials and the community. The treated water is then tested for quality at the IPB University laboratory. Test results indicate that MMF technology significantly improves water quality, reducing parameters such as Magnesium, Manganese, Calcium, Iron, and Phosphate by 25.8‒97.8%, thus meeting quality standards. However, some parameters, such as TSS, COD, and Zinc, still exceed quality standards, necessitating further processing. This advanced water treatment requires involvement from the local government, particularly in funding through community empowerment programs, to install advanced treatment units and provide operational support for these units.

Implementasi Manajemen Pembiayaan dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Sekolah di SDIT Al Ishlah Cibinong Bogor

The research in this thesis is based on the development of educational institutions today, so many are experiencing difficulties in developing and even no longer operating (closing), because they may not be able to survive in the current era of disruption. This is a problem that we often encounter in various regions, both rural and urban. Cost is also one of the influencing factors in the development and progress of schools or educational institutions and even affects the quality of students inside and outside school. In this study using qualitative methods, more precisely descriptive qualitative with a field research approach. The data obtained are in the form of written words, oral speech, forms of behavior that can be observed through interviews, observation and documentation. This specific finding description relates to the results of the study, compiled based on answers to questions in the research through interviews, documentation, and direct observations in the field. To describe financing management in an effort to improve the quality or quality of education at SDIT Al Ishlah Cibinong, Financing Management in Program Planning and Financing Management in Budget Management at SDIT Al Ishlah Cibinong

Determinants Influencing Utilization of Antenatal Care Services in Tabora Region, Tabora Municipality, Tanzania

This study examines the determinants influencing the utilization of antenatal care services (ANC) in in Tabora region with a particular focus on Tabora Municipality, Tanzania. The study used both quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze the problem. The study uses primary and secondary data obtained from the field. Tools used for data collection were questionnaires, interviews, and observation. This study employed a cross-sectional research design. This design was preferred because the design allowed the collection of data from different groups of respondents at one point at a time. Similarly, the design had a greater degree of accuracy and precision in the data collected and used for statistical description and interpretation. The study found that there was low utilization of antenatal care services in Tabora Municipality. The study revealed that the low utilization of ANC in Tabora Municipality can be solved by addressing the determinants that are responsible for the low use of ANC services. The study identified a number of determinants that influence ANC visits such as spousal involvement in antenatal clinics, the attitudes of health service professionals, clinic opening days for the antenatal care services by client satisfaction and integrated approach to antenatal care services. The determinants that affect the use of ANC visits are not only many and complex, but they play different roles in different situations. The study revealed that men and the whole community should be included in the ANC campaign so that they understand more about potential risks for pregnant women. This would increase the level of ANC use and thus reduce the high incidence of maternal and neonatal death in Tanzania including the Tabora region that results from poor utilization of ANC services. Also, this study adds knowledge to health service providers in understanding the determinants that limit pregnant women’s utilization of antenatal services finding ways to improve the services and encourage women to utilize ANC services. The study findings will enable programme planners, policymakers, implementers and managers to come up with strategies for interventions that will enable pregnant women to start seeking and utilizing ANC services early in pregnancy and to have fewer pregnancy complications that lead to maternal and neonatal deaths

PERFORMANCE MEASURES OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES IN IFELODUN LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KWARA STATE

The study assessed the performance measures of rural development strategies in Ifelodun LGA of Kwara State. The instruments used in this study are questionnaires, key informant interviews, and observation. The adopted sample size for the study is 384 persons. Simple random sampling was used to distribute questionnaires proportionally to the nine districts according to population size. Data analysis for this research was descriptive and inferential. Multiple regression analysis was used to measure the performance of development strategies in the study area. The result from the socio-economic characteristics of respondents revealed that 66% of the respondents were male, while 34% were female. Most (51.3%) of the respondents are within the age bracket of 31-45 years. It was also observed that over 90% of the respondents have attained one level of formal education or the other and apart from 17.13% and 28.73% that engage in civil service and business enterprises other than farming, 44.20% of the respondents are solely farmers and 94.5% earn above ₦20,000 monthly. Furthermore, the State Government was the major contributor to health, transport, agriculture, and education with a percentage contribution of 28.2%, 30.4%, 29.6%, and 44.8% respectively. The regression analysis result revealed that 82% of the impact of development strategies implemented in the study area could be explained by the transport, health, and agricultural sectors. Therefore, the study recommends that the federal government be more involved in the development of the study area and rural dwellers should be involved in the initiation, planning, and execution of development programs.

HIV seropositive disclosure and associated factors among adult HIV positive clients in public health facilities in East Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, Western Ethiopia.

Disclosure of HIV-seropositive is important for HIV prevention and maintenance of health for people living with HIV and the community at large. Although HIV seropositive disclosure is mandatory for access to care and treatment, there is a paucity of data in the study setting. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of HIV Sero Positive Disclosure and associated factors among adult HIV positive clients in public health facilities in the east wollega zone, Oromia Regional State, Western Ethiopia, in 2023. A facility-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 250 adult HIV-positive clients in public health facilities in East Wollega Zone. Systematic sampling was used to select the study participants. Data were collected from February 1 to April 15, 2023, using a structured, pretested, interviewer-administered questionnaire and reviewing patient cards using a checklist. Data were entered into Epi Data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done. In bivariable analyses, variables with a P-value <0.25 were candidates for the multivariable model; in the multivariable model, significant associations were declared at a P-value < 0.05 and reported by an adjusted odds ratio along with a 95% confidence interval. The magnitude of HIV seropositive disclosure to at least one person was found to be 68.2% (95%CI = 62.5%, 73.9%). HIV seropositive disclosure was significantly associated with being married ((AOR = 5.47, 95%CI: 2.87-10.43), low knowledge level (AOR = 0.095, 95% CI = 0.017-0.54), and perceived community discrimination (AOR = 0.192, 95% CI = 0.050, 0.74). This study reveals that HIV seropositive disclosure was low among the adult population living in the study area as compared to the other study findings. Disclosure of seropositives was significantly associated with marital status, knowledge level about the importance of disclosure, and perceived discrimination in societies. Healthcare providers and HIV prevention programme planners should provide health education about the importance of HIV disclosure and the stigma against HIV-positive patients by increasing society's awareness through appropriate channels.

Reasons for contraceptive discontinuation among women of reproductive age in Kano, Nigeria: A qualitative study

Women’s attempts to achieve their desired levels of fertility are hindered when they stop using contraceptives, which could lead to unwanted pregnancies. This study aimed to assess reasons for contraceptive discontinuation among women of reproductive age in urban and rural areas of Kano State, Nigeria. Qualitative data were collected in urban and rural communities of Kano State in February to May, 2022 from women of reproductive age group, their male partners, family planning service providers, and community and religious leaders. Focus group discussions (FGD), and key informant interviews (KII), using multi-stage sampling methods explored previous experience with contraceptive use, fertility consequences and reasons for contraceptive discontinuation. Following data collection, digitally recorded data were transcribed verbatim, translated, and coded using thematic analysis through an inductive approach. Study reported the high discontinuation rates and identified side effects as the primary reason for discontinuation, with injectable contraceptives being the most commonly discontinued method. Other reported reasons for contraceptive discontinuation by respondents in both urban and rural groups were: method failure, intention to get pregnant, health concerns, husband disapproval, methods not available, inconvenience to use and interference with body structure or functions. The high contraceptive discontinuation poses significant risks of unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortions, thereby increasing maternal morbidity and mortality rates in Kano State. These consequences emphasize the need for family planning interventions that incorporate quality of care in service provision to address contraceptive discontinuation. Engaging men and other social influencers in family planning programs and services will help gather support for contraception, rather than focusing exclusively on women.

Manajemen Blended Learning Pasca Pandemi Covid-19: Studi Kasus Sekolah di Indonesia

This study aims to find out the main factors that contribute to blended learning management in Indonesia. The research is focused on identifying the management process which includes, planning, organizing, implementing, and evaluating the blended learning management program at SMAN 2 Jember, SMKN 1 Wanayasa Banjarnegara and SMP 1 Prambanan Yogyakarta. This research is qualitative descriptive research with a naturalistic approach. The results show that the four functions of the management process have a very large influence on the results of the blended learning management program. First, the planning of the blended learning program involves all school stakeholders, as well as through the creation of a regular schedule. Second, in terms of organizing blended learning programs, the school goes through the curriculum work process so that teachers fill out a daily journal, to monitor activities. Third, the implementation of the blended learning program based on the learning process in the classroom by providing materials and explanations, as well as information transformation through room meeting to do practice questions at home. Fourth, learning evaluation is carried out through google classroom for attitude knowledge, and practicum for skill aspects, as well as private universities and UAS. Blended learning management policies involving all school stakeholders, filling out daily journals, learning in the classroom and delivering material through room meetings can optimize the learning process in the post-covid-19 pandemic period.

Breaking Down the Barriers: Rethinking Government's Role in Indonesian Tourism Destination Development

Stakeholder involvement is essential to destination development. They may serve as catalysts or impediments to the growth of tourist sites. This study explores the barriers to tourism destination development associated with the role of local tourism authorities. A qualitative approach, employing semi-structured interviews, was utilized to examine the root causes of these challenges. Sixteen stakeholders, including ten government officials responsible for regional tourism development and six community leaders, were selected as informants in this study. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview data. The investigation revealed four main barriers to destination development from government agencies. There are bureaucratic hurdles, contrived program activities, overlapping roles of local governments, and the community’s misconceptions about the government’s role in destination development. These factors collectively hinder the successful implementation of government-led tourism programs. The study suggests that understanding and addressing these barriers are vital to fostering a progressive, sustainable, competitive tourist destination. On a practical level, the findings can help policymakers redesign their strategies to create more community-centric programs, clearly define roles, and manage community expectations. Conceptually, this study expands the existing literature on the role of government and bureaucracy in developing tourist destinations. The study highlights the importance of a participatory approach that engages all stakeholders in the planning and implementation tourism policies and programs.

Principal Supervision in Improving the Quality of Learning Administration Services at the State Islamic Elementary School

This study focuses on the role of managerial supervision in enhancing learning administration services at MIN 03 Kepahiang. It adopts a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. The research participants included the school principal, the curriculum deputy principal, and the administration head. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation and were analyzed through data reduction (summarizing), data presentation (organizing information), and concluding (formulating a comprehensive description). The findings reveal that the principal and head of administration at MIN 03 Kepahiang have successfully implemented managerial supervision to improve learning administration services, which covers program planning, organizing, implementation, and evaluation. The supervision by the school principal has been carried out effectively, resulting in enhanced administrative services and overall education quality. Through structured supervision programs, supervisors have assessed, monitored, and developed the performance of learning administration services at MIN 03 Kepahiang.

A hybrid transformer and attention based recurrent neural network for robust and interpretable sentiment analysis of tweets

Sentiment analysis is a pivotal tool in understanding public opinion, consumer behavior, and social trends, underpinning applications ranging from market research to political analysis. However, existing sentiment analysis models frequently encounter challenges related to linguistic diversity, model generalizability, explainability, and limited availability of labeled datasets. To address these shortcomings, we propose the Transformer and Attention-based Bidirectional LSTM for Sentiment Analysis (TRABSA) model, a novel hybrid sentiment analysis framework that integrates transformer-based architecture, attention mechanism, and recurrent neural networks like BiLSTM. The TRABSA model leverages the powerful RoBERTa-based transformer model for initial feature extraction, capturing complex linguistic nuances from a vast corpus of tweets. This is followed by an attention mechanism that highlights the most informative parts of the text, enhancing the model’s focus on critical sentiment-bearing elements. Finally, the BiLSTM networks process these refined features, capturing temporal dependencies and improving the overall sentiment classification into positive, neutral, and negative classes. Leveraging the latest RoBERTa-based transformer model trained on a vast corpus of 124M tweets, our research bridges existing gaps in sentiment analysis benchmarks, ensuring state-of-the-art accuracy and relevance. Furthermore, we contribute to data diversity by augmenting existing datasets with 411,885 tweets from 32 English-speaking countries and 7,500 tweets from various US states. This study also compares six word-embedding techniques, identifying the most robust preprocessing and embedding methodologies crucial for accurate sentiment analysis and model performance. We meticulously label tweets into positive, neutral, and negative classes using three distinct lexicon-based approaches and select the best one, ensuring optimal sentiment analysis outcomes and model efficacy. Here, we demonstrate that the TRABSA model outperforms the current seven traditional machine learning models, four stacking models, and four hybrid deep learning models, yielding notable gain in accuracy (94%) and effectiveness with a macro average precision of 94%, recall of 93%, and F1-score of 94%. Our further evaluation involves two extended and four external datasets, demonstrating the model’s consistent superiority, robustness, and generalizability across diverse contexts and datasets. Finally, by conducting a thorough study with SHAP and LIME explainable visualization approaches, we offer insights into the interpretability of the TRABSA model, improving comprehension and confidence in the model’s predictions. Our study results make it easier to analyze how citizens respond to resources and events during pandemics since they are integrated into a decision-support system. Applications of this system provide essential assistance for efficient pandemic management, such as resource planning, crowd control, policy formation, vaccination tactics, and quick reaction programs.

Program Evaluation of Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project Using the CSE-UCLA Model

The research aims to evaluate the program of the Pancasila student profile strengthening project in elementary schools in Semarang Regency, Indonesia. This research method used the CSE-UCLA evaluation model with a qualitative approach that included the aspects of program assessment, program planning, program implementation, program improvement, and program certification. The data sources came from the school principal/curriculum teachers, classroom teachers, students, and the parents of students at Pangudi Luhur Ambarawa Elementary School and Tlompakan 1 Tuntang Elementary School in Semarang Regency. Data collection was through interviews, document studies, and observations. The data analysis technique used qualitative descriptive methods. The research results showed that in the Assessment program, P5 was implemented in accordance with the vision, mission, and objectives. The theme and project options were chosen based on environmental issues and the needs of the students, and the project was also supported by the parents; Program planning, both schools had goals to be achieved in P5 so that the project ran with a clear direction and purpose; Program implementation, teachers have good strategies in carrying out P5 but improvements were needed in the socialization of the P5 program; Program improvement, there needs to be enhancements in the documentation of monitoring and supervision results; Certification program, the goals of the P5 program were achieved and all parties were satisfied with the existence of the P5 program, which had a positive impact on the students. The P5 program was running well, and all stakeholders were satisfied. However, there was a need for improvement in documentation and communication with students' parents. In addition, it is necessary to broaden project options, support teachers, and encourage them to prioritize character development over tangible results.