Program Development Environment Research Articles

Advanced control strategies for continuous capture of monoclonal antibodies based upon biolayer interferometry.

The semi and fully continuous production of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has been gaining traction as a lower cost, and efficient production of mAbs to broaden patient access. To be truly flexible and adaptive to process demands, the industry has lacked sufficient advanced control strategies. The variation of the upstream product concentration typically cannot be handled by the downstream capture step, which is configured for a constant feed concentration and fixed binding capacity. This inflexibility leads to losses of efficiency and product yield. This study shows that these challenges can be overcome by a novel advanced control strategy concept that includes dynamic control throughout a perfusion bioreactor, with cell retention by alternating tangential flow, integrated with simulated moving bed (SMB) multi-column chromatography. The automation workflow and advanced control strategy were implemented through the use of a visual programming development environment. This enabled dynamic flow control across the upstream and downstream process integrated with a dynamic column loading of the SMB. A sensor prototype, based on continuous biolayer interferometry measurements was applied to detect mAb breakthrough within the last column flow-through to manage column switching. This novel approach provided higher specificity and lower background signal compared to commonly used spectroscopy methods, resulting in an optimized resin utilization while simultaneously avoiding product loss. The dynamic loading was found to provide a twofold increase of the mAb concentration in the eluate compared to a conservative approach with a predefined recipe with similar impurity removal. This concept shows that advanced control strategies can lead to significant process efficiency and yield improvement.

THE ACCEPTANCE OF AN EDUCATIONAL INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT TO LEARN PROGRAMMING FUNDAMENTALS

Programming is an important course for any IT or engineering-related course. However, previous research shows that students face difficulties in learning programming due to its abstract concepts. This study aims to evaluate the acceptance of a developed Integrated Development Environment (IDE), namely C-SOLVIS which is a web-based application that specifically intends to facilitate the teaching and learning of the C programming fundamentals in Malaysian tertiary education. The C-SOLVIS integrates problem-solving into a program development environment for the C language. The goal is to guide the users in problem-solving and help them write C programs based on problem-solving algorithms. The Rapid Application Development (RAD) Model was employed in the C-SOLVIS development process. Based on this model, the requirement planning phase was carried out through the triangulation technique by applying qualitative approaches comprising a literature review supported by semi-structured interviews, document reviews, and content validation by expert programming lecturers. Subsequently, the design of the application was accomplished through the iterative prototyping process which was then followed by the application construction. Then, the C-SOLVIS is deployed to be used by several programming lecturers to evaluate its usability by adopting a quantitative method using the System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaire. The study has discovered several suitable techniques and designs for the problem-solving and program development environment. For the problem-solving environment, the Computational Thinking (CT) concepts were applied which were supported by the Input-Process-Output (IPO) Model through Scientific Instructions and Inquiries. Meanwhile, the program development environment was designed and developed based on frame-based programming using a set of developed Code Patterns. The C-SOLVIS evaluation using the SUS instrument has yielded a SUS mean score of 86.07. This score is interpreted by SUS as an A grade that indicates C-SOLVIS as a highly usable application and thus is accepted for C programming learning. Hence, the development process of the C-SOLVIS can be used as a guideline for educational software development, especially in the field of programming education.

PyRERT: Python Research Environment for Radiation Therapy

The Python research environment for radiation therapy (PyRERT) is a set of business software for hospital physicists to conduct radiation therapy research. Choose the open source Enthought Tool Suite（ETS） as the core external dependency library of PyRERT. PyRERT is divided into base layer, content layer and interaction layer, and each layer is composed of different functional modules. PyRERT V1.0 provide a good development environment for scientific research programming in DICOM RT file processing, batch processing of water tank scan data, digital phantom creation, 3D medical image volume visualization, virtual radiotherapy equipment driver, and film scan image analysis. PyRERT enables the results of the research group to be iteratively inherited in the form of software. It's reusable basic classes and functional modules greatly improve the efficiency of scientific research task programming.

Language impact on productivity for industrial end users: A case study from Programmable Logic Controllers

Industrial workplaces increasingly require end-users to create programs for embedded systems, but little expert scrutiny has been devoted to studying this domain. As a result, industrial end-user programmers may rely on programming languages and development environments that do not necessarily follow the state-of-the-art of software engineering. Consider Ladder Logic, the most popular language used to program the most widely deployed type of industrial hardware, programmable logic controllers (PLCs). Ladder Logic’s fundamental design is based on electric relay circuits that have long since disappeared from practice. Does Ladder Logic inhibit the productivity of end-user programmers, slowing progress in industrial settings like manufacturing sites and scientific labs where it is widely used? To better understand the usage of domain-specific languages in industrial practices, we conducted a survey with 175 technical employees from an international engineering conglomerate. This survey introduced participants to Ladder Logic and asked them questions that all programmers, including novices, should answer with ease. Nearly 70% failed, including those with previous Ladder Logic experience. We combined end-user performance with answers in an open-ended question, where many employees complained about the programming language. The breadth and depth of these struggles suggest that outdated languages, which industrial end users must increasingly use, could dramatically impact productivity and that further studies on these industrial end user programmers be necessary to better support them in their increasingly complex workplaces.

An Integrated Model for Monitoring Nodes in Computer Networks

Monitoring complex computer network environment is now a very challenging task for network administrators despite the various existing monitoring applications for networks that are faced with the issues of centralized monitoring, which causes network traffic, reduces network bandwidth, and are unable to concurrently run two or more network services. This research paper was designed to tackle the problems exhibited by the existing network monitoring application by integrating different network monitoring services in a single model using the power of agent’s distributed processing and monitoring services. Data about the existing and proposed model was gathered using key informant interview approach, and observation of the existing software. Iterative software model was adopted as the software development life cycle based on its strengths and suitability. The proposed model was developed using use-case and sequence diagrams. Suitable programming languages and development environment such as Java, JavaScript, Hypertext Preprocessor, Hypertext markup language and MySQL were used in coding the software prototype. The functionality of the proposed system was tested and results showed that the proposed system has 100% anomaly network intrusion detection rate and better functional features as compared to the existing network monitoring applications observed.

A study on VAL platform for 5G network for large-capacity data transmission

Recently, a lot of researches have been conducted on a platform that provides a Visual Programming development environment capable of 3D editing and interactive editing in an In-VR (Virtual Reality) environment so that VR/AR (Augmented Reality) contents can be quickly worked on. In this paper, a functional language-based VR/AR specialized language(VAL) and Visual Language were developed, and VR/AR prototypes were easily implemented using these languages on the platform. Then, prototypes based on the 5G network can be shared and collaborated with others, and content creation can be continued in Unity and Unreal without interruption. In addition, this paper shows the recognition process for users, the PS/CS check process and the node processing process for transmitting content by limiting the process for transmitting VAL-based mass data in 5G environment. The proposed platform can easily create a prototype of their intended VR/AR App (or content) even for users (beginners) who do not have a certain level of knowledge and experience in 3D graphics and software coding, and share it with others. It has characteristics that can be done. Consequently, we propose a method to use VAL more effectively in a 5G environment.

Design and test of soft-pot-tray automatic embedding system for light-economical pot seedling nursery machine

Most of the commercially-available pot seedling nursery machines are incompatible with soft-pot-trays and are labor-intensive and low in productivity. A soft-pot-tray automatic embedding system was developed in this study to achieve automatic embedding of the soft pot tray into the hard tray following sowing and covering with soil. A control system was constructed using the Arduino program development environment. An embedded-hard-tray automatic lowering mechanism and conveyor-belt-based pot-tray embedding system were designed. Dynamics analysis was conducted to derive an equation to describe the embedding process of the soft pot tray into the embedded hard tray. A prototype of the soft-pot-tray automatic embedding system was manufactured and tested. The analytical equation suggested that a minimum linear velocity of 0.86 m/s was required for a complete embedding process. The experimental results showed that the embedded-hard-tray automatic lowering mechanism was reliable and stable as the tray placement success rate was greater than 99%. The successful tray embedding rate was 100% and the seed exposure rate was less than 1% with a linear velocity of the conveyor belt of 0.92 m/s. The experiment findings agreed well with the analytical results. The proposed soft-pot-tray automatic embedding system satisfied the technical specifications for a light-economical pot seedling nursery machine. Keywords: automatic embedding, pot seedling nursery machine, embedded hard tray, soft pot tray, conveyor-belt embedding system DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20201301.4726 Citation: Chen L T, Ma X, Wang C, Li H W, Li Z H, Chen X S, et al. Design and test of soft-pot-tray automatic embedding system for light-economical pot seedling nursery machine. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2020; 13(1): 91–100.

An Analysis of Pre-service Teachers' Learning Process in Programming Learning

As the importance of computing technology increases, computer science education is being actively implemented around the world. Because computer science education is being introduced into the curriculum, research on how to effectively teach programming (which is the core of automation) is actively underway. Although the importance of block-based programming languages has increased, most studies have focused on text-based programming languages. As interest in programming increases, block-based programming languages will be taught to a variety of audiences. Therefore, this study analyzed Code.org, which provides a development environment for block-based programming; this study then investigated the programming learning process of pre-service teachers, who used Code.org. Sixteen pre-service teachers participated in the study, and their learning processes were uncovered by analyzing their programming results. This suggests that pre-service teachers can learn sequential and necessary repetition without difficulty. However, the pre-service teachers failed to use the repetition block through abstraction. Besides, for While and Until, pre-service teachers did not understand the concept of repeating according to the condition. For Counter, pre-service teachers had difficulty repeating the use of variables. In the condition, pre-service teachers were not able to separate the command, which should be executed when the condition is True and when it is False. For Event, pre-service teachers had no problem utilizing the function, but they were not able to call the function with a parameter. Based on this, it was confirmed that a pre-service teacher can understand the principle of programming development in advance by understanding the abstraction, condition, and variable in the loop statement. In this study, there was a limit to practicing block-based programming language due to the platform’s low scalability. Future research should solve these problems and diversify the research subjects.

Design and test of soft-pot-tray automatic embedding system for light-economical pot seedling nursery machine

Most of the commercially-available pot seedling nursery machines are incompatible with soft-pot-trays and are labor-intensive and low in productivity. A soft-pot-tray automatic embedding system was developed in this study to achieve automatic embedding of the soft pot tray into the hard tray following sowing and covering with soil. A control system was constructed using the Arduino program development environment. An embedded-hard-tray automatic lowering mechanism and conveyor-belt-based pot-tray embedding system were designed. Dynamics analysis was conducted to derive an equation to describe the embedding process of the soft pot tray into the embedded hard tray. A prototype of the soft-pot-tray automatic embedding system was manufactured and tested. The analytical equation suggested that a minimum linear velocity of 0.86 m/s was required for a complete embedding process. The experimental results showed that the embedded-hard-tray automatic lowering mechanism was reliable and stable as the tray placement success rate was greater than 99%. The successful tray embedding rate was 100% and the seed exposure rate was less than 1% with a linear velocity of the conveyor belt of 0.92 m/s. The experiment findings agreed well with the analytical results. The proposed soft-pot-tray automatic embedding system satisfied the technical specifications for a light-economical pot seedling nursery machine. Keywords: automatic embedding, pot seedling nursery machine, embedded hard tray, soft pot tray, conveyor-belt embedding system DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20201301.4726 Citation: Chen L T, Ma X, Wang C, Li H W, Li Z H, Chen X S, et al. Design and test of soft-pot-tray automatic embedding system for light-economical pot seedling nursery machine. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2020; 13(1): 91–100.

A study on eye-tracking-based Interface for VR/AR education platform

In recent years, a platform providing a Visual Programming development environment capable of 3D editing and interaction editing in an In-VR environment to quickly prototype VR/AR contents for education of VR and AR for general users and children. In the past, VR contents were mostly viewed by users. However, thanks to the rapid development of recent computing technologies, VR contents interacting with users have emerged as a device capable of tracking user behavior in a small size It was able to appear. In addition, because VR is extended to AR and MR, it can be used in all three virtual environments and requires efficient user interface (UI). In this paper, we propose UI based on eye tracking. Eye-tracking-based UI not only reduces the amount of time the user directly manipulates the controller, but also dramatically lowers the time spent on simple operations, while reducing the need for a dedicated controller by allowing multiple types of controllers to be used in combination.

The Design and Implementation of Network Assistant System for Physical Education

Sports teaching is a bilateral teaching activity, reflected in the process of the practice is very significant, the teaching process teachers should also carry out explanation and demonstration, through the vivid teaching methods to deepen students’ understanding, so that students have a higher and more comprehensive quality, adapt to future sports training and teaching, teaching more advanced the content of training and scientific research and management. The sports network teaching system in this paper, is based on the campus network, the Internet and other hardware based, and the efficiency of the network to play out, spread and the use of network teaching new teaching mode in the real sense, it is at this stage the industry needs to pay great attention to the problem and the solution. This paper describes the teaching effect of computer network technology in the sports teaching, and then combined with the specific application, detailed analysis of user needs; put forward the development scheme of PE teaching network aided system and Realization method. This system adopts the three layer system structure, good scalability, using modular design method, which is divided into teaching resources, online answering, course work and examination of four functional modules, easy to select the object-oriented ASP programming language, development environment and SQL Server database system extended the implementation of these key technologies include file upload processing technology, Active X programming technology and application, the file upload component development technology etc.

Search-based program synthesis

A promising, useful tool for future programming development environments.

Dataflow management, dynamic load balancing, and concurrent processing for real‐time embedded vision applications using Quasar

SummaryProgramming modern embedded vision systems brings various challenges, due to the steep learning curve for programmers and the different characteristics of the devices. Quasar, a new high‐level programming language and development environment, considerably simplifies the development. Quasar has a compiler that detects and optimizes parallel programming patterns and a heterogeneous runtime that distributes the computational load over the available compute devices (CPUs and Graphical Processing Unit [GPUs]). In this paper, we focus on runtime aspects of Quasar. We show that with good approximation, the execution time of a GPU kernel function can be factorized in a compile‐time‐specific component and a runtime‐specific component. We show that this approximation leads to a computationally simple runtime load balancing rule. Moreover, the load balancing rule permits efficient implicit concurrency of kernel functions and automatic scaling to multiple compute devices (eg, multi‐CPU/GPU systems). Based on an appropriate mathematical scheduling model, we investigate the command queue size trade‐off between memory usage and device utilization. The result is a programming environment for embedded vision systems for which automatic parallelization and implicit concurrency detection allow scaling the program efficiently to multi‐CPU/GPU systems. Finally, benchmark results are provided to demonstrate the performance of our approach compared with OpenACC and CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture).

Improved identification of the electrocardio-signal for pulsatile ventricular assist devices

We introduce and investigate a method to identify the feature point of an electrocardiogram (ECG) to provide real-time and accurate trigger signals for pulsatile ventricular assist devices (PVADs). An important part of this method is an improved data processing algorithm, in which a differential calculator and another a low-pass filtering were added to avoid drift in the original signal and systematically delay caused by physical devices. The method was systematically illustrated in this article and a test-setup was built based on the LabVIEW program development environment. Both simulations and experiments were carried out to demonstrate the merits of the method. Simulated results based on four typical pathological ECG signals confirm the robustness and adaptability of this method. Experimental results verified the benefits of this method with regard to increased accuracy that can pick up the interested signal accurately in a degree of larger than 99%. This improved technology proposed in this research will be greatly beneficial to simultaneous triggering in VADs and eventually to the heart failure recovery.

A Data Model for Context Aware System on Smart Phone

스마트 폰 기술이 빠르게 발전함으로써, 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅의 핵심 기술인 사용자 상황인지 기술이 실현 가능하게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 스마트폰에서 사용자의 상황인지 시스템을 위한 데이터 모델을 제안한다. 본 연구의 스마트폰에서의 상황인지 시스템은 센서, 센서 데이터 관리자, 로그데이터관리자, 컨텍스트 관리자, 서비스제공자 등 5가지의 서브시스템으로 구성되는데, 본 연구에서 이러한 5개의 서브시스템에서 관리되는 데이터를 정의하고 모델링함으로서, 스마트폰에서의 상황인지 시스템을 개발하기 위한 프레임워크 및 개발환경 구축에 토대가 될 것이다. 또한, 향후 본 연구를 기반으로 스마트폰에서의 다양한 사례를 이용하여 실험함으로써, 개인화 서비스를 위한 상황인지 모델을 개발하는데 연구를 집중할 계획이다.

Data Processing Languages for Business Intelligence. SQL vs. R

(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)1 IntroductionOften seen as a reincarnation of Decision Sup-port Systems [1] and sometimes referred as Business Intelligence and Analytics [2], Busi-ness intelligence (BI) is a broad category of applications, technologies, and processes for gathering, storing, accessing, and analyzing data to help business users make better deci-sions [3]. Figure 1 displays a classical BI ar-chitecture [4].Common business intelligence related tasks are:* data storage* data extraction-transformation-load from various sources in a different for-mats, more or less structured, to the stor-age layer* data processing* information integration* visualization* exploratory analysis* data mining/data science etc.Slightly outdated, the schema in figure 1 is still valid in suggesting the vast array of tech-nologies, processes and tools gathered (or re-branded) within BI umbrella. Chen et al [Chen 2012] identified three generations of BI and Analytics (BI&A) systems whore core tech-nologies have been:* data management and warehousing [5] [6]* text and web analytics for unstructured web contents [7]* mobile technologies [8].Implementation of BI platforms requires vast quantity of organizational resources. Some of the most important current BI solutions are shown in figure 2 [9]. As with Enterprise Re-source Planning applications, BI systems im-plementation requires extensive organiza-tional changes and business expertise and sometimes it requires full vendor participa-tion.Apart from impressive costs, BI platforms have the drawback of keeping captive the cus-tomer. Every organizational change and also new or updated external data source and ser-vice must be negotiated with BI platform pro-vider, which usually attracts new costs and also delays.In this paper we scrutinize two languages, SQL and R, involved not only in BI applica-tion development but especially in the de-mocratization of BI as they allow various types of data professionals and users to access and process vast quantity of data in an inter-active, ad-hoc, way. Using two reliable sources, their role and popularity in current BI market will be outlined, taking into account job demand and a survey concerning BI tools and languages usage. Next the range of BI ac-tivities that can be supported by each SQL and R will be presented. The main section will compare SQL and R features syntax for the most common data processing/reporting prob-lems, particularly important for BI users.2 Languages and Tools for Business Intel-ligenceThere is a vast array of tools, languages and technologies covering large extents of BI tasks. Some of them target regular users who are unable to write code and scripts in any pro-gramming language. Others are BI application developer's toolbox. But there some technol-ogies that serve both users and developers in data processing, integration, visualization and analysis. Comparison of BI tools and lan-guages is also problematic because they can be available as programming languages, de-velopment environments, ecosystems or inte-grated platforms.In evaluating the popularity of Business Intel-ligence languages and tools, we gather infor-mation from two reliable sources. Search en-gine www.indeed.com provides data about job trends. Figure 3 compares job demand in 2012-2016 interval for some of the most im-portant data processing and analysis lan-guages [10].SQL and R share most of the job postings. In 2012 SQL was by far the most demanded data language. Its share decreased slightly and seems to have stabilized since the end of 2014. R grew spectacularly in 2012-2014 interval, overpass SQL in 2014 for a brief period, and then fell back. Since 2014 it has fluctuated around 2% share. After SQL and R, the next popular is Python followed by SAS, SPSS, Stata and Julia. Currently there is still a visible lag between SQL-R group and the rest of the languages/tools, although Python seems to in-crease steadily and might catch up with the leading group. …

Application Study on Android Application Prototyping Method using App Inventor

App Inventor developed by MIT is a visual programming development environment with drag-and-drop interface which aims to help design and implement mobile apps with full functionality on Android operating system. App Inventor's intuitive blocks programming allow mobile app developers to focus on design and programming logic instead of language syntax. Apps development processes are composed of five phrases, which are discovery, wire-framing, prototyping, implementation, and deployment. In software design process, generally software architecture is divided into components called modules. We analyze that a module is composed of related blocks of App Inventor. With applying App Inventor as an Android application prototyping method, it allows android mobile application to be implemented much faster. In this study, we show the development process using App Inventor as a prototyping method is more efficient compared to using Android SDK only.

Syntax highlighting as an influencing factor when reading and comprehending source code

Syntax highlighting or syntax colouring, plays a vital role in programming development environments by colour-coding various code elements differently. The supposition is that this syntax highlighting assists programmers when reading and analysing code. However, academic text books are largely only available in black-and-white which could influence the comprehension of novice and beginner programmers. This study investigated whether student programmers experience more difficulty in reading and comprehending source code when it is presented without syntax highlighting. Number of fixations, fixation durations and regressions were all higher for black-and-white code than for colour code but not significantly so. Subjectively students indicated that the colour code snippets were easier to read and more aesthetically pleasing. Based on the analysis it could be concluded that students do not experience significantly more difficulty when reading code in black-and-white as printed in text books.

Cockpit Design for First Person View Flight for a Remotely Operated Quadrotor Helicopter

Recently, technological advances have been focused on the cockpit of modern unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in order to reduce pilot requirements and workload to operate them. First person view (FPV) flight represents a key point when UAVs perform tasks beyond the line of sight. This paper presents the design and implementation of a cockpit for a remotely operated quadrotor. We have developed an intuitive graphical user interface (GUI) for piloting the quadrotor encompassing the most relevant flight instruments as an altimeter, attitude, heading, and ground speed indicators. The GUI is developed using the programming development environment LabVIEW®.

LAS: A programming language and development environment for learning matrix structural analysis

ABSTRACTThis article presents language for the analysis of structures (LAS). It is a development environment and a high‐level language for learning matrix structural analysis, dynamics of structures, and the finite element method. LAS is a flexible learning environment in which users list pre‐programmed commands in the right order to solve finite element static and dynamic problems. In addition to structural analysis commands, the language also includes powerful operators, conditional expressions, loop expressions, and several functions (matrix manipulations, linear algebra, direct stiffness assembly, modal analysis, time domain dynamic analysis, frequency domain dynamic analysis). The LAS environment includes an editor used to list the commands, a matrix manager, a graphics post‐processor, and a Fourier‐analysis tool. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput. Appl. Eng. Educ. 24:89–100, 2016; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.21675